jeŋerge
/dʒeŋerɡe/
1. defeat, beat, overcome, get the better of — Also used of states such as sleep that overcome a person (meni juqum jeŋŋendi "sleep overcame me"), of winning an argument (dawlaşıb jeŋerge), and of outweighing on scales (bazmanda jeŋerge).
- dawlaşıb jeŋerge — to win an argument
- ala jawnu jeŋdile — they defeated the enemy
- meni juqum jeŋŋendi — sleep has overcome me
- bazmanda jeŋerge — to outweigh on the scales
- kesiŋi jeŋerge — to overcome yourself
2. hang down, droop, lean, incline — Used of a branch hanging down (jeŋŋen butaq) and of leaning toward an opinion (men da ol aythanŋa jeŋeme "I too incline to his view").
- jeŋŋen butaq — a drooping branch
- butaq jeŋedi — the branch droops
- almala bla butaqla jeŋedile — the branches droop with the apples
- men da ol aythanŋa jeŋeme — I too incline to what he says
3. get tipsy, get drunk
- içgeni jeŋŋendi — he has got quite drunk
- ol terk jeŋedi — he gets tipsy quickly
- qonaqla jeŋŋendile — the guests have got tipsy
4. smack of, be reminiscent of — bu hapar burunŋa jeŋedi "this story smacks of the old days".
- bu hapar burunŋa jeŋedi — this story smacks of the old days
Conjugation
Common forms
- jeŋedihe is defeating
- jeŋdihe defeated
- jeŋŋendihe has defeated
- jeŋerhe will defeat
- jeŋerikdihe is going to defeat
- jeŋe edihe was defeating
- jeŋseif he defeats
- jeŋ!defeat!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjeŋemeI am defeating | senjeŋeseyou are defeating | oljeŋedihe is defeating | bizjeŋebizwe are defeating | sizjeŋesizyou all are defeating | alajeŋedilethey are defeating |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjeŋmeymeI am not defeating | senjeŋmeyseyou are not defeating | oljeŋmeydihe is not defeating | bizjeŋmeybizwe are not defeating | sizjeŋmeysizyou all are not defeating | alajeŋmeydilethey are not defeating |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjeŋememi? jeŋemime?am I defeating? | senjeŋemise?are you defeating? | oljeŋemidi?is he defeating? | bizjeŋebizmi? jeŋemibiz?are we defeating? | sizjeŋemisiz?are you all defeating? | alajeŋemidile?are they defeating? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjeŋmeymemi? jeŋmeymime?aren't I defeating? | senjeŋmeymise?aren't you defeating? | oljeŋmeymidi?isn't he defeating? | bizjeŋmeybizmi? jeŋmeymibiz?aren't we defeating? | sizjeŋmeymisiz?aren't you all defeating? | alajeŋmeymidile?aren't they defeating? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjeŋiwçenmeI usually defeat | senjeŋiwçenseyou usually defeat | oljeŋiwçendihe usually defeats | bizjeŋiwçenbizwe usually defeat | sizjeŋiwçensizyou all usually defeat | alajeŋiwçendilethey usually defeat |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjeŋmewçenmeI usually don't defeat | senjeŋmewçenseyou usually don't defeat | oljeŋmewçendihe usually doesn't defeat | bizjeŋmewçenbizwe usually don't defeat | sizjeŋmewçensizyou all usually don't defeat | alajeŋmewçendilethey usually don't defeat |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjeŋiwçenmemi? jeŋiwçenmime?do I usually defeat? | senjeŋiwçenmise?do you usually defeat? | oljeŋiwçenmidi?does he usually defeat? | bizjeŋiwçenbizmi? jeŋiwçenmibiz?do we usually defeat? | sizjeŋiwçenmisiz?do you all usually defeat? | alajeŋiwçenmidile?do they usually defeat? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjeŋmewçenmemi? jeŋmewçenmime?do I usually not defeat? | senjeŋmewçenmise?do you usually not defeat? | oljeŋmewçenmidi?does he usually not defeat? | bizjeŋmewçenbizmi? jeŋmewçenmibiz?do we usually not defeat? | sizjeŋmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not defeat? | alajeŋmewçenmidile?do they usually not defeat? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljeŋibdihe has defeated and remains so | alajeŋibdilethey have defeated and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljeŋibmidi?has he defeated? | alajeŋibmidile?have they defeated? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjeŋib turamaI keep defeating | senjeŋib turasayou keep defeating | oljeŋib turadıhe keeps defeating | bizjeŋib turabızwe keep defeating | sizjeŋib turasızyou all keep defeating | alajeŋib turadılathey keep defeating |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjeŋib turmaymaI don't keep defeating | senjeŋib turmaysayou don't keep defeating | oljeŋib turmaydıhe doesn't keep defeating | bizjeŋib turmaybızwe don't keep defeating | sizjeŋib turmaysızyou all don't keep defeating | alajeŋib turmaydılathey don't keep defeating |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjeŋib turamamı? jeŋib turamıma?do I keep defeating? | senjeŋib turamısa?do you keep defeating? | oljeŋib turamıdı?does he keep defeating? | bizjeŋib turabızmı? jeŋib turamıbız?do we keep defeating? | sizjeŋib turamısız?do you all keep defeating? | alajeŋib turamıdıla?do they keep defeating? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjeŋib turmaymamı? jeŋib turmaymıma?don't I keep defeating? | senjeŋib turmaymısa?don't you keep defeating? | oljeŋib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep defeating? | bizjeŋib turmaybızmı? jeŋib turmaymıbız?don't we keep defeating? | sizjeŋib turmaymısız?don't you all keep defeating? | alajeŋib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep defeating? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjeŋe turamaI am in the middle of defeating | senjeŋe turasayou are in the middle of defeating | oljeŋe turadıhe is in the middle of defeating | bizjeŋe turabızwe are in the middle of defeating | sizjeŋe turasızyou all are in the middle of defeating | alajeŋe turadılathey are in the middle of defeating |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjeŋe turmaymaI am not in the middle of defeating | senjeŋe turmaysayou are not in the middle of defeating | oljeŋe turmaydıhe is not in the middle of defeating | bizjeŋe turmaybızwe are not in the middle of defeating | sizjeŋe turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of defeating | alajeŋe turmaydılathey are not in the middle of defeating |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjeŋe turamamı? jeŋe turamıma?am I in the middle of defeating? | senjeŋe turamısa?are you in the middle of defeating? | oljeŋe turamıdı?is he in the middle of defeating? | bizjeŋe turabızmı? jeŋe turamıbız?are we in the middle of defeating? | sizjeŋe turamısız?are you all in the middle of defeating? | alajeŋe turamıdıla?are they in the middle of defeating? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjeŋe turmaymamı? jeŋe turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of defeating? | senjeŋe turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of defeating? | oljeŋe turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of defeating? | bizjeŋe turmaybızmı? jeŋe turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of defeating? | sizjeŋe turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of defeating? | alajeŋe turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of defeating? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjeŋdimI defeated | senjeŋdiŋyou defeated | oljeŋdihe defeated | bizjeŋdikwe defeated | sizjeŋdigizyou all defeated | alajeŋdilethey defeated |
| Simple past (definite) | menjeŋmedimI didn't defeat | senjeŋmediŋyou didn't defeat | oljeŋmedihe didn't defeat | bizjeŋmedikwe didn't defeat | sizjeŋmedigizyou all didn't defeat | alajeŋmedilethey didn't defeat |
| Simple past (definite) | menjeŋdimmi?did I defeat? | senjeŋdiŋmi?did you defeat? | oljeŋdimi?did he defeat? | bizjeŋdikmi?did we defeat? | sizjeŋdigizmi?did you all defeat? | alajeŋdilemi?did they defeat? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjeŋmedimmi?didn't I defeat? | senjeŋmediŋmi?didn't you defeat? | oljeŋmedimi?didn't he defeat? | bizjeŋmedikmi?didn't we defeat? | sizjeŋmedigizmi?didn't you all defeat? | alajeŋmedilemi?didn't they defeat? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjeŋŋenmeI have defeated | senjeŋŋenseyou have defeated | oljeŋŋendihe has defeated | bizjeŋŋenbizwe have defeated | sizjeŋŋensizyou all have defeated | alajeŋŋendilethey have defeated |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjeŋmegenmeI haven't defeated | senjeŋmegenseyou haven't defeated | oljeŋmegendihe hasn't defeated | bizjeŋmegenbizwe haven't defeated | sizjeŋmegensizyou all haven't defeated | alajeŋmegendilethey haven't defeated |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjeŋŋenmemi? jeŋŋenmime?have I defeated? | senjeŋŋenmise?have you defeated? | oljeŋŋenmidi?has he defeated? | bizjeŋŋenbizmi? jeŋŋenmibiz?have we defeated? | sizjeŋŋenmisiz?have you all defeated? | alajeŋŋenmidile?have they defeated? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjeŋmegenmemi? jeŋmegenmime?haven't I defeated? | senjeŋmegenmise?haven't you defeated? | oljeŋmegenmidi?hasn't he defeated? | bizjeŋmegenbizmi? jeŋmegenmibiz?haven't we defeated? | sizjeŋmegenmisiz?haven't you all defeated? | alajeŋmegenmidile?haven't they defeated? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjeŋib turdumI kept defeating | senjeŋib turduŋyou kept defeating | oljeŋib turduhe kept defeating | bizjeŋib turduqwe kept defeating | sizjeŋib turduğuzyou all kept defeating | alajeŋib turdulathey kept defeating |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjeŋib turmadımI didn't keep defeating | senjeŋib turmadıŋyou didn't keep defeating | oljeŋib turmadıhe didn't keep defeating | bizjeŋib turmadıqwe didn't keep defeating | sizjeŋib turmadığızyou all didn't keep defeating | alajeŋib turmadılathey didn't keep defeating |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjeŋermeI will defeat | senjeŋerseyou will defeat | oljeŋerhe will defeat | bizjeŋerbizwe will defeat | sizjeŋersizyou all will defeat | alajeŋerlethey will defeat |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjeŋmezmeI won't defeat | senjeŋmezseyou won't defeat | oljeŋmezhe won't defeat | bizjeŋmezbizwe won't defeat | sizjeŋmezsizyou all won't defeat | alajeŋmezlethey won't defeat |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjeŋermemi? jeŋermime?will I defeat? | senjeŋermise?will you defeat? | oljeŋermi?will he defeat? | bizjeŋerbizmi? jeŋermibiz?will we defeat? | sizjeŋermisiz?will you all defeat? | alajeŋerlemi? jeŋermile?will they defeat? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjeŋmezmemi? jeŋmezmime?won't I defeat? | senjeŋmezmise?won't you defeat? | oljeŋmezmi?won't he defeat? | bizjeŋmezbizmi? jeŋmezmibiz?won't we defeat? | sizjeŋmezmisiz?won't you all defeat? | alajeŋmezlemi? jeŋmezmile?won't they defeat? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjeŋerikmeI am going to defeat | senjeŋerikseyou are going to defeat | oljeŋerikdihe is going to defeat | bizjeŋerikbizwe are going to defeat | sizjeŋeriksizyou all are going to defeat | alajeŋerikdilethey are going to defeat |
| Definite future (future II) | menjeŋerik tülmeI am not going to defeat | senjeŋerik tülseyou are not going to defeat | oljeŋerik tüldühe is not going to defeat | bizjeŋerik tülbüzwe are not going to defeat | sizjeŋerik tülsüzyou all are not going to defeat | alajeŋerik tüldülethey are not going to defeat |
| Definite future (future II) | menjeŋerikmemi? jeŋerikmime?am I going to defeat? | senjeŋerikmise?are you going to defeat? | oljeŋerikmidi?is he going to defeat? | bizjeŋerikbizmi? jeŋerikmibiz?are we going to defeat? | sizjeŋerikmisiz?are you all going to defeat? | alajeŋerikmidile?are they going to defeat? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjeŋerik tülmüme?aren't I going to defeat? | senjeŋerik tülmüse?aren't you going to defeat? | oljeŋerik tülmüdü?isn't he going to defeat? | bizjeŋerik tülmübüz?aren't we going to defeat? | sizjeŋerik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to defeat? | alajeŋerik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to defeat? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjeŋŋen edimjeŋŋenemI had defeated | senjeŋŋen ediŋjeŋŋeneŋyou had defeated | oljeŋŋen edijeŋŋenedhe had defeated | bizjeŋŋen edikjeŋŋenekwe had defeated | sizjeŋŋen edigizjeŋŋenegizyou all had defeated | alajeŋŋen edilejeŋŋenellethey had defeated |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjeŋmegen edimjeŋmegenemI hadn't defeated | senjeŋmegen ediŋjeŋmegeneŋyou hadn't defeated | oljeŋmegen edijeŋmegenedhe hadn't defeated | bizjeŋmegen edikjeŋmegenekwe hadn't defeated | sizjeŋmegen edigizjeŋmegenegizyou all hadn't defeated | alajeŋmegen edilejeŋmegenellethey hadn't defeated |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjeŋe edimjeŋemI was defeating | senjeŋe ediŋjeŋeŋyou were defeating | oljeŋe edijeŋedhe was defeating | bizjeŋe edikjeŋekwe were defeating | sizjeŋe edigizjeŋegizyou all were defeating | alajeŋe edilejeŋellethey were defeating |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjeŋmey edimjeŋmeyemI wasn't defeating | senjeŋmey ediŋjeŋmeyeŋyou weren't defeating | oljeŋmey edijeŋmeyedhe wasn't defeating | bizjeŋmey edikjeŋmeyekwe weren't defeating | sizjeŋmey edigizjeŋmeyegizyou all weren't defeating | alajeŋmey edilejeŋmeyellethey weren't defeating |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjeŋiwçen edimjeŋiwçenemI used to defeat | senjeŋiwçen ediŋjeŋiwçeneŋyou used to defeat | oljeŋiwçen edijeŋiwçenedhe used to defeat | bizjeŋiwçen edikjeŋiwçenekwe used to defeat | sizjeŋiwçen edigizjeŋiwçenegizyou all used to defeat | alajeŋiwçen edilejeŋiwçenellethey used to defeat |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjeŋmewçen edimjeŋmewçenemI didn't use to defeat | senjeŋmewçen ediŋjeŋmewçeneŋyou didn't use to defeat | oljeŋmewçen edijeŋmewçenedhe didn't use to defeat | bizjeŋmewçen edikjeŋmewçenekwe didn't use to defeat | sizjeŋmewçen edigizjeŋmewçenegizyou all didn't use to defeat | alajeŋmewçen edilejeŋmewçenellethey didn't use to defeat |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljeŋib edihe had defeated and remained so | alajeŋib edilethey had defeated and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljeŋib tül edihe hadn't defeated | alajeŋib tül edilethey hadn't defeated | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjeŋib tura edimjeŋib turaemI had kept defeating | senjeŋib tura ediŋjeŋib turaeŋyou had kept defeating | oljeŋib tura edijeŋib turaedhe had kept defeating | bizjeŋib tura edikjeŋib turaekwe had kept defeating | sizjeŋib tura edigizjeŋib turaegizyou all had kept defeating | alajeŋib tura edilejeŋib turaellethey had kept defeating |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjeŋib turmay edimjeŋib turmayemI hadn't kept defeating | senjeŋib turmay ediŋjeŋib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept defeating | oljeŋib turmay edijeŋib turmayedhe hadn't kept defeating | bizjeŋib turmay edikjeŋib turmayekwe hadn't kept defeating | sizjeŋib turmay edigizjeŋib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept defeating | alajeŋib turmay edilejeŋib turmayellethey hadn't kept defeating |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjeŋe tura edimjeŋe turaemI was in the middle of defeating | senjeŋe tura ediŋjeŋe turaeŋyou were in the middle of defeating | oljeŋe tura edijeŋe turaedhe was in the middle of defeating | bizjeŋe tura edikjeŋe turaekwe were in the middle of defeating | sizjeŋe tura edigizjeŋe turaegizyou all were in the middle of defeating | alajeŋe tura edilejeŋe turaellethey were in the middle of defeating |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjeŋe turmay edimjeŋe turmayemI wasn't in the middle of defeating | senjeŋe turmay ediŋjeŋe turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of defeating | oljeŋe turmay edijeŋe turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of defeating | bizjeŋe turmay edikjeŋe turmayekwe weren't in the middle of defeating | sizjeŋe turmay edigizjeŋe turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of defeating | alajeŋe turmay edilejeŋe turmayellethey weren't in the middle of defeating |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjeŋer edimjeŋer emI would defeat | senjeŋer ediŋjeŋer eŋyou would defeat | oljeŋer edijeŋer edhe would defeat | bizjeŋer edikjeŋer ekwe would defeat | sizjeŋer edigizjeŋer egizyou all would defeat | alajeŋer edilejeŋer ellethey would defeat |
| Conditional result (would) | menjeŋmez edimjeŋmez emI wouldn't defeat | senjeŋmez ediŋjeŋmez eŋyou wouldn't defeat | oljeŋmez edijeŋmez edhe wouldn't defeat | bizjeŋmez edikjeŋmez ekwe wouldn't defeat | sizjeŋmez edigizjeŋmez egizyou all wouldn't defeat | alajeŋmez edilejeŋmez ellethey wouldn't defeat |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjeŋerik edimjeŋerik emI would have defeated | senjeŋerik ediŋjeŋerik eŋyou would have defeated | oljeŋerik edijeŋerik edhe would have defeated | bizjeŋerik edikjeŋerik ekwe would have defeated | sizjeŋerik edigizjeŋerik egizyou all would have defeated | alajeŋerik edilejeŋerik ellethey would have defeated |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjeŋerik tül edimjeŋerik tül emI wouldn't have defeated | senjeŋerik tül ediŋjeŋerik tül eŋyou wouldn't have defeated | oljeŋerik tül edijeŋerik tül edhe wouldn't have defeated | bizjeŋerik tül edikjeŋerik tül ekwe wouldn't have defeated | sizjeŋerik tül edigizjeŋerik tül egizyou all wouldn't have defeated | alajeŋerik tül edilejeŋerik tül ellethey wouldn't have defeated |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjeŋsemif I defeat | senjeŋseŋif you defeat | oljeŋseif he defeats | bizjeŋsekif we defeat | sizjeŋsegizif you all defeat | alajeŋseleif they defeat |
| Conditional | menjeŋmesemif I don't defeat | senjeŋmeseŋif you don't defeat | oljeŋmeseif he doesn't defeat | bizjeŋmesekif we don't defeat | sizjeŋmesegizif you all don't defeat | alajeŋmeseleif they don't defeat |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjeŋe esemif I am defeating | senjeŋe eseŋif you are defeating | oljeŋe eseif he is defeating | bizjeŋe esekif we are defeating | sizjeŋe esegizif you all are defeating | alajeŋe eseleif they are defeating |
| Conditional, present real | menjeŋmey esemif I am not defeating | senjeŋmey eseŋif you are not defeating | oljeŋmey eseif he is not defeating | bizjeŋmey esekif we are not defeating | sizjeŋmey esegizif you all are not defeating | alajeŋmey eseleif they are not defeating |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjeŋsem edijeŋsem edif only I defeated | senjeŋseŋ edijeŋseŋ edif only you defeated | oljeŋse edijeŋsedif only he defeated | bizjeŋsek edijeŋsek edif only we defeated | sizjeŋsegiz edijeŋsegiz edif only you all defeated | alajeŋsele edijeŋseledif only they defeated |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjeŋmesem edijeŋmesem edif only I didn't defeat | senjeŋmeseŋ edijeŋmeseŋ edif only you didn't defeat | oljeŋmese edijeŋmesedif only he didn't defeat | bizjeŋmesek edijeŋmesek edif only we didn't defeat | sizjeŋmesegiz edijeŋmesegiz edif only you all didn't defeat | alajeŋmesele edijeŋmeseledif only they didn't defeat |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjeŋib tursamif I carry on defeating | senjeŋib tursaŋif you carry on defeating | oljeŋib tursaif he carries on defeating | bizjeŋib tursaqif we carry on defeating | sizjeŋib tursağızif you all carry on defeating | alajeŋib tursalaif they carry on defeating |
| Durative conditional | menjeŋib turmasamif I don't carry on defeating | senjeŋib turmasaŋif you don't carry on defeating | oljeŋib turmasaif he doesn't carry on defeating | bizjeŋib turmasaqif we don't carry on defeating | sizjeŋib turmasağızif you all don't carry on defeating | alajeŋib turmasalaif they don't carry on defeating |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjeŋib tura esemif I have kept defeating | senjeŋib tura eseŋif you have kept defeating | oljeŋib tura eseif he has kept defeating | bizjeŋib tura esekif we have kept defeating | sizjeŋib tura esegizif you all have kept defeating | alajeŋib tura eseleif they have kept defeating |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjeŋib turmay esemif I haven't kept defeating | senjeŋib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept defeating | oljeŋib turmay eseif he hasn't kept defeating | bizjeŋib turmay esekif we haven't kept defeating | sizjeŋib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept defeating | alajeŋib turmay eseleif they haven't kept defeating |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjeŋe tursamif I keep defeating | senjeŋe tursaŋif you keep defeating | oljeŋe tursaif he keeps defeating | bizjeŋe tursaqif we keep defeating | sizjeŋe tursağızif you all keep defeating | alajeŋe tursalaif they keep defeating |
| Progressive conditional | menjeŋmey tursamif I keep on not defeating | senjeŋmey tursaŋif you keep on not defeating | oljeŋmey tursaif he keeps on not defeating | bizjeŋmey tursaqif we keep on not defeating | sizjeŋmey tursağızif you all keep on not defeating | alajeŋmey tursalaif they keep on not defeating |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjeŋe tura esemif I am in the middle of defeating | senjeŋe tura eseŋif you are in the middle of defeating | oljeŋe tura eseif he is in the middle of defeating | bizjeŋe tura esekif we are in the middle of defeating | sizjeŋe tura esegizif you all are in the middle of defeating | alajeŋe tura eseleif they are in the middle of defeating |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjeŋmey tura esemif I keep on not defeating | senjeŋmey tura eseŋif you keep on not defeating | oljeŋmey tura eseif he keeps on not defeating | bizjeŋmey tura esekif we keep on not defeating | sizjeŋmey tura esegizif you all keep on not defeating | alajeŋmey tura eseleif they keep on not defeating |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjeŋdim esemif I defeated | senjeŋdiŋ eseŋif you defeated | oljeŋdi eseif he defeated | bizjeŋdik esekif we defeated | sizjeŋdigiz esegizif you all defeated | alajeŋdile eseleif they defeated |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjeŋmedim esemif I didn't defeat | senjeŋmediŋ eseŋif you didn't defeat | oljeŋmedi eseif he didn't defeat | bizjeŋmedik esekif we didn't defeat | sizjeŋmedigiz esegizif you all didn't defeat | alajeŋmedile eseleif they didn't defeat |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjeŋŋen esemif I did defeat (indeed) | senjeŋŋen eseŋif you did defeat (indeed) | oljeŋŋen eseif he did defeat (indeed) | bizjeŋŋen esekif we did defeat (indeed) | sizjeŋŋen esegizif you all did defeat (indeed) | alajeŋŋen eseleif they did defeat (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjeŋmegen esemif I didn't defeat (indeed) | senjeŋmegen eseŋif you didn't defeat (indeed) | oljeŋmegen eseif he didn't defeat (indeed) | bizjeŋmegen esekif we didn't defeat (indeed) | sizjeŋmegen esegizif you all didn't defeat (indeed) | alajeŋmegen eseleif they didn't defeat (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjeŋŋen bolsamif I had defeated | senjeŋŋen bolsaŋif you had defeated | oljeŋŋen bolsaif he had defeated | bizjeŋŋen bolsaqif we had defeated | sizjeŋŋen bolsağızif you all had defeated | alajeŋŋen bolsalaif they had defeated |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjeŋmegen bolsamif I hadn't defeated | senjeŋmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't defeated | oljeŋmegen bolsaif he hadn't defeated | bizjeŋmegen bolsaqif we hadn't defeated | sizjeŋmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't defeated | alajeŋmegen bolsalaif they hadn't defeated |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjeŋŋen bolsam edijeŋŋen bolsam edif only I had defeated | senjeŋŋen bolsaŋ edijeŋŋen bolsaŋ edif only you had defeated | oljeŋŋen bolsa edijeŋŋen bolsaedif only he had defeated | bizjeŋŋen bolsaq edijeŋŋen bolsaq edif only we had defeated | sizjeŋŋen bolsağız edijeŋŋen bolsağız edif only you all had defeated | alajeŋŋen bolsala edijeŋŋen bolsalaedif only they had defeated |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjeŋmegen bolsam edijeŋmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't defeated | senjeŋmegen bolsaŋ edijeŋmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't defeated | oljeŋmegen bolsa edijeŋmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't defeated | bizjeŋmegen bolsaq edijeŋmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't defeated | sizjeŋmegen bolsağız edijeŋmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't defeated | alajeŋmegen bolsala edijeŋmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't defeated |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjeŋer esemif I will defeat | senjeŋer eseŋif you will defeat | oljeŋer eseif he will defeat | bizjeŋer esekif we will defeat | sizjeŋer esegizif you all will defeat | alajeŋer eseleif they will defeat |
| Conditional, aorist | menjeŋmez esemif I won't defeat | senjeŋmez eseŋif you won't defeat | oljeŋmez eseif he won't defeat | bizjeŋmez esekif we won't defeat | sizjeŋmez esegizif you all won't defeat | alajeŋmez eseleif they won't defeat |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjeŋerik esemif I am going to defeat | senjeŋerik eseŋif you are going to defeat | oljeŋerik eseif he is going to defeat | bizjeŋerik esekif we are going to defeat | sizjeŋerik esegizif you all are going to defeat | alajeŋerik eseleif they are going to defeat |
| Conditional, future | menjeŋerik tül esemif I am not going to defeat | senjeŋerik tül eseŋif you are not going to defeat | oljeŋerik tül eseif he is not going to defeat | bizjeŋerik tül esekif we are not going to defeat | sizjeŋerik tül esegizif you all are not going to defeat | alajeŋerik tül eseleif they are not going to defeat |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjeŋerik bolsamif I were going to defeat | senjeŋerik bolsaŋif you were going to defeat | oljeŋerik bolsaif he were going to defeat | bizjeŋerik bolsaqif we were going to defeat | sizjeŋerik bolsağızif you all were going to defeat | alajeŋerik bolsalaif they were going to defeat |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjeŋmezlik bolsamif I were not going to defeat | senjeŋmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to defeat | oljeŋmezlik bolsaif he were not going to defeat | bizjeŋmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to defeat | sizjeŋmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to defeat | alajeŋmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to defeat |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso jeŋdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjeŋe bolurmaI must be defeating | senjeŋe bolursayou must be defeating | oljeŋe bolurhe must be defeating | bizjeŋe bolurbuzwe must be defeating | sizjeŋe bolursuzyou all must be defeating | alajeŋe bolurlathey must be defeating |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjeŋmey bolurmaI must not be defeating | senjeŋmey bolursayou must not be defeating | oljeŋmey bolurhe must not be defeating | bizjeŋmey bolurbuzwe must not be defeating | sizjeŋmey bolursuzyou all must not be defeating | alajeŋmey bolurlathey must not be defeating |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjeŋe tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of defeating | senjeŋe tura bolursayou must be in the middle of defeating | oljeŋe tura bolurhe must be in the middle of defeating | bizjeŋe tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of defeating | sizjeŋe tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of defeating | alajeŋe tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of defeating |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjeŋmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not defeating | senjeŋmey tura bolursayou must keep on not defeating | oljeŋmey tura bolurhe must keep on not defeating | bizjeŋmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not defeating | sizjeŋmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not defeating | alajeŋmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not defeating |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjeŋŋen bolurmaI must have defeated | senjeŋŋen bolursayou must have defeated | oljeŋŋen bolurhe must have defeated | bizjeŋŋen bolurbuzwe must have defeated | sizjeŋŋen bolursuzyou all must have defeated | alajeŋŋen bolurlathey must have defeated |
| Inference (must have) | menjeŋmegen bolurmaI must not have defeated | senjeŋmegen bolursayou must not have defeated | oljeŋmegen bolurhe must not have defeated | bizjeŋmegen bolurbuzwe must not have defeated | sizjeŋmegen bolursuzyou all must not have defeated | alajeŋmegen bolurlathey must not have defeated |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjeŋerik bolurmaI must be going to defeat | senjeŋerik bolursayou must be going to defeat | oljeŋerik bolurhe must be going to defeat | bizjeŋerik bolurbuzwe must be going to defeat | sizjeŋerik bolursuzyou all must be going to defeat | alajeŋerik bolurlathey must be going to defeat |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjeŋmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to defeat | senjeŋmezlik bolursayou must not be going to defeat | oljeŋmezlik bolurhe must not be going to defeat | bizjeŋmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to defeat | sizjeŋmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to defeat | alajeŋmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to defeat |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjeŋeyimlet me defeat | senjeŋ!defeat! | oljeŋsinlet him defeat | bizjeŋeyiklet's defeat | sizjeŋigiz!defeat, you all! | alajeŋsinlelet them defeat |
| Commands & suggestions | menjeŋmeyimlet me not defeat | senjeŋme!don't defeat! | oljeŋmesinlet him not defeat | bizjeŋmeyiklet's not defeat | sizjeŋmegiz!don't defeat, you all! | alajeŋmesinlelet them not defeat |
| Commands & suggestions | menjeŋeyimmi?shall I defeat? | oljeŋsinmi?should he defeat? | bizjeŋeyikmi?shall we defeat? | alajeŋsinlemi?should they defeat? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjeŋmeyimmi?shall I not defeat? | oljeŋmesinmi?should he not defeat? | bizjeŋmeyikmi?shall we not defeat? | alajeŋmesinlemi?should they not defeat? | ||
| Requests | senjeŋçi2jeŋçinplease defeat | oljeŋsinçido let him defeat | sizjeŋçigizplease defeat (plural/polite) | alajeŋsinleçido let them defeat | ||
| Requests | senjeŋmeçi2jeŋmeçinplease don't defeat | oljeŋmesinçido let him not defeat | sizjeŋmeçigizplease don't defeat (plural/polite) | alajeŋmesinleçido let them not defeat | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjeŋŋinjeŋŋimay you defeat | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjeŋmeginjeŋmegimay you not defeat | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjeŋŋey edim jeŋŋe edimwould that I defeated | senjeŋŋey ediŋ jeŋŋe ediŋwould that you defeated | oljeŋŋey edi jeŋŋe ediwould that he defeated | bizjeŋŋey edik jeŋŋe edikwould that we defeated | sizjeŋŋey edigiz jeŋŋe edigizwould that you all defeated | alajeŋŋey edile jeŋŋe edilewould that they defeated |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjeŋmegey edim jeŋmege edimwould that I did not defeat | senjeŋmegey ediŋ jeŋmege ediŋwould that you did not defeat | oljeŋmegey edi jeŋmege ediwould that he did not defeat | bizjeŋmegey edik jeŋmege edikwould that we did not defeat | sizjeŋmegey edigiz jeŋmege edigizwould that you all did not defeat | alajeŋmegey edile jeŋmege edilewould that they did not defeat |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjeŋmege qoyayımjeŋme qoyayımlet me allow someone to defeat | senjeŋmege qoy!jeŋme qoy!let someone defeat! | oljeŋmege qoysunjeŋme qoysunlet him allow someone to defeat | bizjeŋmege qoyayıqjeŋme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to defeat | sizjeŋmege qoyuğuz!jeŋme qoyuğuz!let someone defeat, you all! | alajeŋmege qoysunlajeŋme qoysunlalet them allow someone to defeat |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjeŋmege qoymayımjeŋme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to defeat | senjeŋmege qoyma!jeŋme qoyma!don't let someone defeat! | oljeŋmege qoymasınjeŋme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to defeat | bizjeŋmege qoymayıqjeŋme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to defeat | sizjeŋmege qoymağız!jeŋme qoymağız!don't let someone defeat, you all! | alajeŋmege qoymasınlajeŋme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to defeat |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjeŋmege qoyayımmı?jeŋme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to defeat? | oljeŋmege qoysunmu?jeŋme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to defeat? | bizjeŋmege qoyayıqmı?jeŋme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to defeat? | alajeŋmege qoysunlamı?jeŋme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to defeat? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjeŋmege qoymayımmı?jeŋme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to defeat? | oljeŋmege qoymasınmı?jeŋme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to defeat? | bizjeŋmege qoymayıqmı?jeŋme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to defeat? | alajeŋmege qoymasınlamı?jeŋme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to defeat? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjeŋmege qoyamajeŋme qoyamaI allow someone to defeat | senjeŋmege qoyasajeŋme qoyasayou allow someone to defeat | oljeŋmege qoyadıjeŋme qoyadıhe allows someone to defeat | bizjeŋmege qoyabızjeŋme qoyabızwe allow someone to defeat | sizjeŋmege qoyasızjeŋme qoyasızyou all allow someone to defeat | alajeŋmege qoyadılajeŋme qoyadılathey allow someone to defeat |
| Let someone… (present) | menjeŋmege qoymaymajeŋme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to defeat | senjeŋmege qoymaysajeŋme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to defeat | oljeŋmege qoymaydıjeŋme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to defeat | bizjeŋmege qoymaybızjeŋme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to defeat | sizjeŋmege qoymaysızjeŋme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to defeat | alajeŋmege qoymaydılajeŋme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to defeat |
| Let someone… (present) | menjeŋmege qoyamamı?jeŋme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to defeat? | senjeŋmege qoyamısa?jeŋme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to defeat? | oljeŋmege qoyamıdı?jeŋme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to defeat? | bizjeŋmege qoyabızmı?jeŋme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to defeat? | sizjeŋmege qoyamısız?jeŋme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to defeat? | alajeŋmege qoyamıdıla?jeŋme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to defeat? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjeŋmege qoymaymamı?jeŋme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to defeat? | senjeŋmege qoymaymısa?jeŋme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to defeat? | oljeŋmege qoymaymıdı?jeŋme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to defeat? | bizjeŋmege qoymaybızmı?jeŋme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to defeat? | sizjeŋmege qoymaymısız?jeŋme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to defeat? | alajeŋmege qoymaymıdıla?jeŋme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to defeat? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjeŋmege qoydumjeŋme qoydumI allowed someone to defeat | senjeŋmege qoyduŋjeŋme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to defeat | oljeŋmege qoydujeŋme qoyduhe allowed someone to defeat | bizjeŋmege qoyduqjeŋme qoyduqwe allowed someone to defeat | sizjeŋmege qoyduğuzjeŋme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to defeat | alajeŋmege qoydulajeŋme qoydulathey allowed someone to defeat |
| Let someone… (past) | menjeŋmege qoymadımjeŋme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to defeat | senjeŋmege qoymadıŋjeŋme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to defeat | oljeŋmege qoymadıjeŋme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to defeat | bizjeŋmege qoymadıqjeŋme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to defeat | sizjeŋmege qoymadığızjeŋme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to defeat | alajeŋmege qoymadılajeŋme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to defeat |
| Let someone… (past) | menjeŋmege qoydummu?jeŋme qoydummu?did I allow someone to defeat? | senjeŋmege qoyduŋmu?jeŋme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to defeat? | oljeŋmege qoydumu?jeŋme qoydumu?did he allow someone to defeat? | bizjeŋmege qoyduqmu?jeŋme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to defeat? | sizjeŋmege qoyduğuzmu?jeŋme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to defeat? | alajeŋmege qoydulamı?jeŋme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to defeat? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjeŋmege qoymadımmı?jeŋme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to defeat? | senjeŋmege qoymadıŋmı?jeŋme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to defeat? | oljeŋmege qoymadımı?jeŋme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to defeat? | bizjeŋmege qoymadıqmı?jeŋme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to defeat? | sizjeŋmege qoymadığızmı?jeŋme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to defeat? | alajeŋmege qoymadılamı?jeŋme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to defeat? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjeŋalamaI can defeat | senjeŋalasayou can defeat | oljeŋaladıhe can defeat | bizjeŋalabızwe can defeat | sizjeŋalasızyou all can defeat | alajeŋaladılathey can defeat |
| Ability — present | menjeŋalmaymaI can't defeat | senjeŋalmaysayou can't defeat | oljeŋalmaydıhe can't defeat | bizjeŋalmaybızwe can't defeat | sizjeŋalmaysızyou all can't defeat | alajeŋalmaydılathey can't defeat |
| Ability — present | menjeŋalamamı? jeŋalamıma?can I defeat? | senjeŋalamısa?can you defeat? | oljeŋalamıdı?can he defeat? | bizjeŋalabızmı? jeŋalamıbız?can we defeat? | sizjeŋalamısız?can you all defeat? | alajeŋalamıdıla?can they defeat? |
| Ability — present | menjeŋalmaymamı? jeŋalmaymıma?can't I defeat? | senjeŋalmaymısa?can't you defeat? | oljeŋalmaymıdı?can't he defeat? | bizjeŋalmaybızmı? jeŋalmaymıbız?can't we defeat? | sizjeŋalmaymısız?can't you all defeat? | alajeŋalmaymıdıla?can't they defeat? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjeŋalsamif I can defeat | senjeŋalsaŋif you can defeat | oljeŋalsaif he can defeat | bizjeŋalsaqif we can defeat | sizjeŋalsağızif you all can defeat | alajeŋalsalaif they can defeat |
| Ability — if I can… | menjeŋalmasamif I can't defeat | senjeŋalmasaŋif you can't defeat | oljeŋalmasaif he can't defeat | bizjeŋalmasaqif we can't defeat | sizjeŋalmasağızif you all can't defeat | alajeŋalmasalaif they can't defeat |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjeŋaldımI was able to defeat | senjeŋaldıŋyou were able to defeat | oljeŋaldıhe was able to defeat | bizjeŋaldıqwe were able to defeat | sizjeŋaldığızyou all were able to defeat | alajeŋaldılathey were able to defeat |
| Ability — simple past | menjeŋalmadımI could not defeat | senjeŋalmadıŋyou could not defeat | oljeŋalmadıhe could not defeat | bizjeŋalmadıqwe could not defeat | sizjeŋalmadığızyou all could not defeat | alajeŋalmadılathey could not defeat |
| Ability — simple past | menjeŋaldımmı?was I able to defeat? | senjeŋaldıŋmı?were you able to defeat? | oljeŋaldımı?was he able to defeat? | bizjeŋaldıqmı?were we able to defeat? | sizjeŋaldığızmı?were you all able to defeat? | alajeŋaldılamı?were they able to defeat? |
| Ability — simple past | menjeŋalmadımmı?couldn't I defeat? | senjeŋalmadıŋmı?couldn't you defeat? | oljeŋalmadımı?couldn't he defeat? | bizjeŋalmadıqmı?couldn't we defeat? | sizjeŋalmadığızmı?couldn't you all defeat? | alajeŋalmadılamı?couldn't they defeat? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjeŋalğanmaI have been able to defeat | senjeŋalğansayou have been able to defeat | oljeŋalğandıhe has been able to defeat | bizjeŋalğanbızwe have been able to defeat | sizjeŋalğansızyou all have been able to defeat | alajeŋalğandılathey have been able to defeat |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjeŋalmağanmaI haven't been able to defeat | senjeŋalmağansayou haven't been able to defeat | oljeŋalmağandıhe hasn't been able to defeat | bizjeŋalmağanbızwe haven't been able to defeat | sizjeŋalmağansızyou all haven't been able to defeat | alajeŋalmağandılathey haven't been able to defeat |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjeŋalğanmamı? jeŋalğanmıma?have I been able to defeat? | senjeŋalğanmısa?have you been able to defeat? | oljeŋalğanmıdı?has he been able to defeat? | bizjeŋalğanbızmı? jeŋalğanmıbız?have we been able to defeat? | sizjeŋalğanmısız?have you all been able to defeat? | alajeŋalğanmıdıla?have they been able to defeat? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjeŋalmağanmamı? jeŋalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to defeat? | senjeŋalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to defeat? | oljeŋalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to defeat? | bizjeŋalmağanbızmı? jeŋalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to defeat? | sizjeŋalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to defeat? | alajeŋalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to defeat? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjeŋalğan edimjeŋalğanemI had been able to defeat | senjeŋalğan ediŋjeŋalğaneŋyou had been able to defeat | oljeŋalğan edijeŋalğanedhe had been able to defeat | bizjeŋalğan edikjeŋalğanekwe had been able to defeat | sizjeŋalğan edigizjeŋalğanegizyou all had been able to defeat | alajeŋalğan edilejeŋalğanellethey had been able to defeat |
| Ability — past perfect | menjeŋalmağan edimjeŋalmağanemI hadn't been able to defeat | senjeŋalmağan ediŋjeŋalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to defeat | oljeŋalmağan edijeŋalmağanedhe hadn't been able to defeat | bizjeŋalmağan edikjeŋalmağanekwe hadn't been able to defeat | sizjeŋalmağan edigizjeŋalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to defeat | alajeŋalmağan edilejeŋalmağanellethey hadn't been able to defeat |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjeŋala edimjeŋalaemI could defeat | senjeŋala ediŋjeŋalaeŋyou could defeat | oljeŋala edijeŋalaedhe could defeat | bizjeŋala edikjeŋalaekwe could defeat | sizjeŋala edigizjeŋalaegizyou all could defeat | alajeŋala edilejeŋalaellethey could defeat |
| Ability — past background | menjeŋalmay edimjeŋalmayemI could not defeat | senjeŋalmay ediŋjeŋalmayeŋyou could not defeat | oljeŋalmay edijeŋalmayedhe could not defeat | bizjeŋalmay edikjeŋalmayekwe could not defeat | sizjeŋalmay edigizjeŋalmayegizyou all could not defeat | alajeŋalmay edilejeŋalmayellethey could not defeat |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjeŋalırmaI will be able to defeat | senjeŋalırsayou will be able to defeat | oljeŋalırhe will be able to defeat | bizjeŋalırbızwe will be able to defeat | sizjeŋalırsızyou all will be able to defeat | alajeŋalırlathey will be able to defeat |
| Ability — future I | menjeŋalmazmaI won't be able to defeat | senjeŋalmazsayou won't be able to defeat | oljeŋalmazhe won't be able to defeat | bizjeŋalmazbızwe won't be able to defeat | sizjeŋalmazsızyou all won't be able to defeat | alajeŋalmazlathey won't be able to defeat |
| Ability — future I | menjeŋalırmamı? jeŋalırmıma?will I be able to defeat? | senjeŋalırmısa?will you be able to defeat? | oljeŋalırmı?will he be able to defeat? | bizjeŋalırbızmı? jeŋalırmıbız?will we be able to defeat? | sizjeŋalırmısız?will you all be able to defeat? | alajeŋalırlamı? jeŋalırmıla?will they be able to defeat? |
| Ability — future I | menjeŋalmazmamı? jeŋalmazmıma?won't I be able to defeat? | senjeŋalmazmısa?won't you be able to defeat? | oljeŋalmazmı?won't he be able to defeat? | bizjeŋalmazbızmı? jeŋalmazmıbız?won't we be able to defeat? | sizjeŋalmazmısız?won't you all be able to defeat? | alajeŋalmazlamı? jeŋalmazmıla?won't they be able to defeat? |
| Ability — future II | menjeŋallıqmaI am going to be able to defeat | senjeŋallıqsayou are going to be able to defeat | oljeŋallıqdıhe is going to be able to defeat | bizjeŋallıqbızwe are going to be able to defeat | sizjeŋallıqsızyou all are going to be able to defeat | alajeŋallıqdılathey are going to be able to defeat |
| Ability — future II | menjeŋallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to defeat | senjeŋallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to defeat | oljeŋallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to defeat | bizjeŋallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to defeat | sizjeŋallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to defeat | alajeŋallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to defeat |
| Ability — future II | menjeŋallıqmamı? jeŋallıqmıma?am I going to be able to defeat? | senjeŋallıqmısa?are you going to be able to defeat? | oljeŋallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to defeat? | bizjeŋallıqbızmı? jeŋallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to defeat? | sizjeŋallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to defeat? | alajeŋallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to defeat? |
| Ability — future II | menjeŋallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to defeat? | senjeŋallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to defeat? | oljeŋallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to defeat? | bizjeŋallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to defeat? | sizjeŋallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to defeat? | alajeŋallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to defeat? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjeŋalır edimjeŋalır emI would be able to defeat | senjeŋalır ediŋjeŋalır eŋyou would be able to defeat | oljeŋalır edijeŋalır edhe would be able to defeat | bizjeŋalır edikjeŋalır ekwe would be able to defeat | sizjeŋalır edigizjeŋalır egizyou all would be able to defeat | alajeŋalır edilejeŋalır ellethey would be able to defeat |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjeŋalmaz edimjeŋalmaz emI wouldn't be able to defeat | senjeŋalmaz ediŋjeŋalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to defeat | oljeŋalmaz edijeŋalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to defeat | bizjeŋalmaz edikjeŋalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to defeat | sizjeŋalmaz edigizjeŋalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to defeat | alajeŋalmaz edilejeŋalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to defeat |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjeŋalğınjeŋalğımay you be able to defeat | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjeŋalmağınjeŋalmağımay you not be able to defeat | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjeŋerge izleymeI want to defeat | senjeŋerge izleyseyou want to defeat | oljeŋerge izleydihe wants to defeat | bizjeŋerge izleybizwe want to defeat | sizjeŋerge izleysizyou all want to defeat | alajeŋerge izleydilethey want to defeat |
| want to | menjeŋerge izlemeymeI do not want to defeat | senjeŋerge izlemeyseyou do not want to defeat | oljeŋerge izlemeydihe does not want to defeat | bizjeŋerge izlemeybizwe do not want to defeat | sizjeŋerge izlemeysizyou all do not want to defeat | alajeŋerge izlemeydilethey do not want to defeat |
| would like to | menjeŋerge süemeI would like to defeat | senjeŋerge süeseyou would like to defeat | oljeŋerge süedihe would like to defeat | bizjeŋerge süebizwe would like to defeat | sizjeŋerge süesizyou all would like to defeat | alajeŋerge süedilethey would like to defeat |
| would like to | menjeŋerge süymeymeI would not like to defeat | senjeŋerge süymeyseyou would not like to defeat | oljeŋerge süymeydihe would not like to defeat | bizjeŋerge süymeybizwe would not like to defeat | sizjeŋerge süymeysizyou all would not like to defeat | alajeŋerge süymeydilethey would not like to defeat |
| hope to | menjeŋerge umutlanamaI hope to defeat | senjeŋerge umutlanasayou hope to defeat | oljeŋerge umutlanadıhe hopes to defeat | bizjeŋerge umutlanabızwe hope to defeat | sizjeŋerge umutlanasızyou all hope to defeat | alajeŋerge umutlanadılathey hope to defeat |
| hope to | menjeŋerge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to defeat | senjeŋerge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to defeat | oljeŋerge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to defeat | bizjeŋerge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to defeat | sizjeŋerge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to defeat | alajeŋerge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to defeat |
| be about to | menjeŋerge deb turamaI am about to defeat | senjeŋerge deb turasayou are about to defeat | oljeŋerge deb turadıhe is about to defeat | bizjeŋerge deb turabızwe are about to defeat | sizjeŋerge deb turasızyou all are about to defeat | alajeŋerge deb turadılathey are about to defeat |
| be about to | menjeŋerge deb turmaymaI am not about to defeat | senjeŋerge deb turmaysayou are not about to defeat | oljeŋerge deb turmaydıhe is not about to defeat | bizjeŋerge deb turmaybızwe are not about to defeat | sizjeŋerge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to defeat | alajeŋerge deb turmaydılathey are not about to defeat |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjeŋerge kerekmeI need to defeat | senjeŋerge kerekseyou need to defeat | oljeŋerge kerekdihe needs to defeat | bizjeŋerge kerekbizwe need to defeat | sizjeŋerge kereksizyou all need to defeat | alajeŋerge kerekdilethey need to defeat |
| need to | menjeŋerge kerek tülmeI do not need to defeat | senjeŋerge kerek tülseyou do not need to defeat | oljeŋerge kerek tüldühe does not need to defeat | bizjeŋerge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to defeat | sizjeŋerge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to defeat | alajeŋerge kerek tüldülethey do not need to defeat |
| have to | menmenŋe jeŋerge tüşediI have to defeat | sensenŋe jeŋerge tüşediyou have to defeat | olaŋa jeŋerge tüşedihe has to defeat | bizbizge jeŋerge tüşediwe have to defeat | sizsizge jeŋerge tüşediyou all have to defeat | alaalağa jeŋerge tüşedithey have to defeat |
| have to | menmenŋe jeŋerge tüşmeydiI do not have to defeat | sensenŋe jeŋerge tüşmeydiyou do not have to defeat | olaŋa jeŋerge tüşmeydihe does not have to defeat | bizbizge jeŋerge tüşmeydiwe do not have to defeat | sizsizge jeŋerge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to defeat | alaalağa jeŋerge tüşmeydithey do not have to defeat |
| be obliged to | menjeŋerge borçlumaI am obliged to defeat | senjeŋerge borçlusayou are obliged to defeat | oljeŋerge borçluduhe is obliged to defeat | bizjeŋerge borçlubuzwe are obliged to defeat | sizjeŋerge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to defeat | alajeŋerge borçludulathey are obliged to defeat |
| be obliged to | menjeŋerge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to defeat | senjeŋerge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to defeat | oljeŋerge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to defeat | bizjeŋerge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to defeat | sizjeŋerge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to defeat | alajeŋerge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to defeat |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjeŋerge madarım bardıI have a way to defeat | senjeŋerge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to defeat | oljeŋerge madarı bardıhe has a way to defeat | bizjeŋerge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to defeat | sizjeŋerge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to defeat | alajeŋerge madarları bardıthey have a way to defeat |
| have a way to | menjeŋerge madarım joqduI have no way to defeat | senjeŋerge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to defeat | oljeŋerge madarı joqduhe has no way to defeat | bizjeŋerge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to defeat | sizjeŋerge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to defeat | alajeŋerge madarları joqduthey have no way to defeat |
| be free to | menjeŋerge erkinligim bardıI am free to defeat | senjeŋerge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to defeat | oljeŋerge erkinligi bardıhe is free to defeat | bizjeŋerge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to defeat | sizjeŋerge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to defeat | alajeŋerge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to defeat |
| be free to | menjeŋerge erkinligim joqduI am not free to defeat | senjeŋerge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to defeat | oljeŋerge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to defeat | bizjeŋerge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to defeat | sizjeŋerge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to defeat | alajeŋerge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to defeat |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jeŋerge bolluqduit is possible for me to defeat | sensenŋe jeŋerge bolluqduit is possible for you to defeat | olaŋa jeŋerge bolluqduit is possible for him to defeat | bizbizge jeŋerge bolluqduit is possible for us to defeat | sizsizge jeŋerge bolluqduit is possible for you all to defeat | alaalağa jeŋerge bolluqduit is possible for them to defeat |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jeŋerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to defeat | sensenŋe jeŋerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to defeat | olaŋa jeŋerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to defeat | bizbizge jeŋerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to defeat | sizsizge jeŋerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to defeat | alaalağa jeŋerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to defeat |
| be ready to | menjeŋerge hazırmaI am ready to defeat | senjeŋerge hazırsayou are ready to defeat | oljeŋerge hazırdıhe is ready to defeat | bizjeŋerge hazırbızwe are ready to defeat | sizjeŋerge hazırsızyou all are ready to defeat | alajeŋerge hazırdılathey are ready to defeat |
| be ready to | menjeŋerge hazır tülmeI am not ready to defeat | senjeŋerge hazır tülseyou are not ready to defeat | oljeŋerge hazır tüldühe is not ready to defeat | bizjeŋerge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to defeat | sizjeŋerge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to defeat | alajeŋerge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to defeat |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjeŋerge küreşemeI am trying to defeat | senjeŋerge küreşeseyou are trying to defeat | oljeŋerge küreşedihe is trying to defeat | bizjeŋerge küreşebizwe are trying to defeat | sizjeŋerge küreşesizyou all are trying to defeat | alajeŋerge küreşedilethey are trying to defeat |
| try to | menjeŋerge küreşmeymeI am not trying to defeat | senjeŋerge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to defeat | oljeŋerge küreşmeydihe is not trying to defeat | bizjeŋerge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to defeat | sizjeŋerge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to defeat | alajeŋerge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to defeat |
| agree to | menjeŋerge unaymaI agree to defeat | senjeŋerge unaysayou agree to defeat | oljeŋerge unaydıhe agrees to defeat | bizjeŋerge unaybızwe agree to defeat | sizjeŋerge unaysızyou all agree to defeat | alajeŋerge unaydılathey agree to defeat |
| agree to | menjeŋerge unamaymaI refuse to defeat | senjeŋerge unamaysayou refuse to defeat | oljeŋerge unamaydıhe refuses to defeat | bizjeŋerge unamaybızwe refuse to defeat | sizjeŋerge unamaysızyou all refuse to defeat | alajeŋerge unamaydılathey refuse to defeat |
| hurry to | menjeŋerge aşığamaI am in a hurry to defeat | senjeŋerge aşığasayou are in a hurry to defeat | oljeŋerge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to defeat | bizjeŋerge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to defeat | sizjeŋerge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to defeat | alajeŋerge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to defeat |
| hurry to | menjeŋerge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to defeat | senjeŋerge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to defeat | oljeŋerge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to defeat | bizjeŋerge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to defeat | sizjeŋerge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to defeat | alajeŋerge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to defeat |
| be afraid to | menjeŋerge qorqamaI am afraid to defeat | senjeŋerge qorqasayou are afraid to defeat | oljeŋerge qorqadıhe is afraid to defeat | bizjeŋerge qorqabızwe are afraid to defeat | sizjeŋerge qorqasızyou all are afraid to defeat | alajeŋerge qorqadılathey are afraid to defeat |
| be afraid to | menjeŋerge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to defeat | senjeŋerge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to defeat | oljeŋerge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to defeat | bizjeŋerge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to defeat | sizjeŋerge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to defeat | alajeŋerge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to defeat |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjeŋe bolmazmaI can't be defeating | senjeŋe bolmazsayou can't be defeating | oljeŋe bolmazhe can't be defeating | bizjeŋe bolmazbızwe can't be defeating | sizjeŋe bolmazsızyou all can't be defeating | alajeŋe bolmazlathey can't be defeating |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjeŋmey bolmazmaI must be defeating (emphatic) | senjeŋmey bolmazsayou must be defeating (emphatic) | oljeŋmey bolmazhe must be defeating (emphatic) | bizjeŋmey bolmazbızwe must be defeating (emphatic) | sizjeŋmey bolmazsızyou all must be defeating (emphatic) | alajeŋmey bolmazlathey must be defeating (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjeŋe turmasamif I don't keep defeating | senjeŋe turmasaŋif you don't keep defeating | oljeŋe turmasaif he doesn't keep defeating | bizjeŋe turmasaqif we don't keep defeating | sizjeŋe turmasağızif you all don't keep defeating | alajeŋe turmasalaif they don't keep defeating |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjeŋe tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of defeating | senjeŋe tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of defeating | oljeŋe tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of defeating | bizjeŋe tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of defeating | sizjeŋe tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of defeating | alajeŋe tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of defeating |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjeŋmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not defeating (emphatic) | senjeŋmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not defeating (emphatic) | oljeŋmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not defeating (emphatic) | bizjeŋmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not defeating (emphatic) | sizjeŋmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not defeating (emphatic) | alajeŋmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not defeating (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjeŋmey turamaI keep on not defeating | senjeŋmey turasayou keep on not defeating | oljeŋmey turadıhe keeps on not defeating | bizjeŋmey turabızwe keep on not defeating | sizjeŋmey turasızyou all keep on not defeating | alajeŋmey turadılathey keep on not defeating |
| Progressive — double negation | menjeŋmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not defeating | senjeŋmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not defeating | oljeŋmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not defeating | bizjeŋmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not defeating | sizjeŋmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not defeating | alajeŋmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not defeating |
| Progressive — double negation | menjeŋmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not defeating? | senjeŋmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not defeating? | oljeŋmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not defeating? | bizjeŋmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not defeating? | sizjeŋmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not defeating? | alajeŋmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not defeating? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjeŋŋen bolmazmaI can't have defeated | senjeŋŋen bolmazsayou can't have defeated | oljeŋŋen bolmazhe can't have defeated | bizjeŋŋen bolmazbızwe can't have defeated | sizjeŋŋen bolmazsızyou all can't have defeated | alajeŋŋen bolmazlathey can't have defeated |
| Inference — double negation | menjeŋmegen bolmazmaI must have defeated (emphatic) | senjeŋmegen bolmazsayou must have defeated (emphatic) | oljeŋmegen bolmazhe must have defeated (emphatic) | bizjeŋmegen bolmazbızwe must have defeated (emphatic) | sizjeŋmegen bolmazsızyou all must have defeated (emphatic) | alajeŋmegen bolmazlathey must have defeated (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjeŋŋen bolmasamif it weren't that I had defeated | senjeŋŋen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had defeated | oljeŋŋen bolmasaif it weren't that he had defeated | bizjeŋŋen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had defeated | sizjeŋŋen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had defeated | alajeŋŋen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had defeated |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjeŋmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't defeated | senjeŋmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't defeated | oljeŋmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't defeated | bizjeŋmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't defeated | sizjeŋmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't defeated | alajeŋmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't defeated |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjeŋerik bolmazmaI can't be going to defeat | senjeŋerik bolmazsayou can't be going to defeat | oljeŋerik bolmazhe can't be going to defeat | bizjeŋerik bolmazbızwe can't be going to defeat | sizjeŋerik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to defeat | alajeŋerik bolmazlathey can't be going to defeat |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjeŋmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to defeat (emphatic) | senjeŋmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to defeat (emphatic) | oljeŋmezlik bolmazhe must be going to defeat (emphatic) | bizjeŋmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to defeat (emphatic) | sizjeŋmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to defeat (emphatic) | alajeŋmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to defeat (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjeŋerik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to defeat | senjeŋerik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to defeat | oljeŋerik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to defeat | bizjeŋerik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to defeat | sizjeŋerik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to defeat | alajeŋerik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to defeat |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjeŋmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to defeat | senjeŋmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to defeat | oljeŋmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to defeat | bizjeŋmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to defeat | sizjeŋmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to defeat | alajeŋmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to defeat |