jalan
/dʒalan/
1. naked, bare, unclothed — With ayaq it means barefoot; with baş it means bareheaded.
- jalan sabiy — a naked child
- sabiyni ayaqları jalandıla — the child's feet are bare
- jalan ayaq bla — with bare feet
- jalan baş — a bare head
- jalan bolurğa — to become naked
2. lightly dressed, thinly clad
- jalan çıqma — don't go out lightly dressed
- jalan aylanırğa — to go about lightly dressed
- jalan kölekley — in just a shirt
- jalan aylanŋan sabiyle — children going about lightly dressed
3. barren, bare (of land with nothing growing on it; of trees, leafless) — TSKBYa also applies it to anything without its natural covering of hair, fur or leaves.
- jalan jerle — barren lands
- jalan terekle — bare trees
- jalan tüz — an open bare plain
- jalan qaya — a bare cliff
- bir jalan sırtha çıqdı — he climbed onto a bare ridge
4. bare, uncovered (with nothing laid or spread on it)
- jalan qabırğa — a bare wall
- jalan jer — bare ground
- jalan orunduq — a bare bed
5. lonely, without family — Said of a person who has no household members or close relatives.
- ol jalan adamdı — he is a lonely man
- jalan qart — a lonely old man
- jalan tişirıw — a lonely woman
6. unmarried, single (of a young man)
- jalan jaş — an unmarried young man
- ol jalan jaşdı — he is an unmarried young man
- jalan jaşla — unmarried young men
Expressions
- jalan adam — unattached person
- jalan ayaq qalırğa — be left barefoot
- jalan ayaqlay qaçarça eterge — drive out
- jalan jürekli — kind-hearted; frank and open
Degrees and persons
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | jalanmaI am naked | jalansayou are naked | jalandıhe is naked | jalanbızwe are naked | jalansızyou all are naked | jalandılathey are naked |
| comparative — more | jalanıraqmaI am more naked | jalanıraqsayou are more naked | jalanıraqdıhe is more naked | jalanıraqbızwe are more naked | jalanıraqsızyou all are more naked | jalanıraqdılathey are more naked |
| intensifier — very | bek jalanmaI am very naked | bek jalansayou are very naked | bek jalandıhe is very naked | bek jalanbızwe are very naked | bek jalansızyou all are very naked | bek jalandılathey are very naked |
| superlative — most | em jalanmaI am the most naked | em jalansayou are the most naked | em jalandıhe is the most naked | em jalanbızwe are the most naked | em jalansızyou all are the most naked | em jalandılathey are the most naked |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden jalandı — "compared to me, he is naked."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki jalandımine is naked | seniki jalandıyours is naked | anıqı jalandıhis is naked | bizniki jalandıours is naked | sizniki jalandıyours (pl.) is naked | alanıqı jalandıtheirs is naked |
| comparative — more | meniki jalanıraqdımine is more naked | seniki jalanıraqdıyours is more naked | anıqı jalanıraqdıhis is more naked | bizniki jalanıraqdıours is more naked | sizniki jalanıraqdıyours (pl.) is more naked | alanıqı jalanıraqdıtheirs is more naked |
| intensifier — very | meniki bek jalandımine is very naked | seniki bek jalandıyours is very naked | anıqı bek jalandıhis is very naked | bizniki bek jalandıours is very naked | sizniki bek jalandıyours (pl.) is very naked | alanıqı bek jalandıtheirs is very naked |
| superlative — most | meniki em jalandımine is the most naked | seniki em jalandıyours is the most naked | anıqı em jalandıhis is the most naked | bizniki em jalandıours is the most naked | sizniki em jalandıyours (pl.) is the most naked | alanıqı em jalandıtheirs is the most naked |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile jalandılamine are naked | senikile jalandılayours are naked | anıqıla jalandılahis are naked | biznikile jalandılaours are naked | siznikile jalandılayours (pl.) are naked | alanıqıla jalandılatheirs are naked |
| comparative — more | menikile jalanıraqdılamine are more naked | senikile jalanıraqdılayours are more naked | anıqıla jalanıraqdılahis are more naked | biznikile jalanıraqdılaours are more naked | siznikile jalanıraqdılayours (pl.) are more naked | alanıqıla jalanıraqdılatheirs are more naked |
| intensifier — very | menikile bek jalandılamine are very naked | senikile bek jalandılayours are very naked | anıqıla bek jalandılahis are very naked | biznikile bek jalandılaours are very naked | siznikile bek jalandılayours (pl.) are very naked | alanıqıla bek jalandılatheirs are very naked |
| superlative — most | menikile em jalandılamine are the most naked | senikile em jalandılayours are the most naked | anıqıla em jalandılahis are the most naked | biznikile em jalandılaours are the most naked | siznikile em jalandılayours (pl.) are the most naked | alanıqıla em jalandılatheirs are the most naked |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu jalandı, bıla jalandıla. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".