jabarğa
/dʒabarʁa/
1. close, shut
- eşikni jab — close the door
- terezeni jab! — close the window!
- eşikni jabdım — I closed the door
- közleriŋi jabarğa — to shut your eyes
- krannı burub jabarğa — to turn the tap off
- teşikni jabarğa — to seal up the hole
2. cover, cover over, screen; roof, put a roof on
- jolnu qar jabhandı — the snow has covered the road
- köknü bulutla jabdıla — the clouds covered the sky
- üsün jabarğa — to cover it over
- üynü başın jabarğa — to roof the house
- jaŋıdan jabarğa — to re-roof it
- qamiş bla jabarğa — to roof it with reeds
3. close down, shut down, abolish, bring to a close
- tükenni jabarğa — to close the shop down
- zavodnu jabarğa — to shut down the factory
- şkolnu jabdıla — they closed the school down
- jıyılıwnu jabarğa — to close the meeting
4. hush up, cover up, conceal; smooth over, gloss over
- amanlıqnı başın jabarğa — to hush up the crime
- işni jabarğa — to hush up the matter
5. cover (a card)
- kartnı jabarğa — to cover the card
- bu kartnı jab — cover this card
- jaş patçahnı tuz bla jabhandı — the jack covered the king with the ace
Expressions
- awuzun açıb jabhınçı — in an instant
- awuzun jabarğa — silence someone
- eşigin jabarğa — bring ruin on; kill
Conjugation
Common forms
- jabadıhe is closing
- jabdıhe closed
- jabhandıhe has closed
- jabarhe will close
- jabarıqdıhe is going to close
- jaba edihe was closing
- jabsaif he closes
- jab!close!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjabamaI am closing | senjabasayou are closing | oljabadıhe is closing | bizjababızwe are closing | sizjabasızyou all are closing | alajabadılathey are closing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjabmaymaI am not closing | senjabmaysayou are not closing | oljabmaydıhe is not closing | bizjabmaybızwe are not closing | sizjabmaysızyou all are not closing | alajabmaydılathey are not closing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjabamamı? jabamıma?am I closing? | senjabamısa?are you closing? | oljabamıdı?is he closing? | bizjababızmı? jabamıbız?are we closing? | sizjabamısız?are you all closing? | alajabamıdıla?are they closing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjabmaymamı? jabmaymıma?aren't I closing? | senjabmaymısa?aren't you closing? | oljabmaymıdı?isn't he closing? | bizjabmaybızmı? jabmaymıbız?aren't we closing? | sizjabmaymısız?aren't you all closing? | alajabmaymıdıla?aren't they closing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjabıwçanmaI usually close | senjabıwçansayou usually close | oljabıwçandıhe usually closes | bizjabıwçanbızwe usually close | sizjabıwçansızyou all usually close | alajabıwçandılathey usually close |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjabmawçanmaI usually don't close | senjabmawçansayou usually don't close | oljabmawçandıhe usually doesn't close | bizjabmawçanbızwe usually don't close | sizjabmawçansızyou all usually don't close | alajabmawçandılathey usually don't close |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjabıwçanmamı? jabıwçanmıma?do I usually close? | senjabıwçanmısa?do you usually close? | oljabıwçanmıdı?does he usually close? | bizjabıwçanbızmı? jabıwçanmıbız?do we usually close? | sizjabıwçanmısız?do you all usually close? | alajabıwçanmıdıla?do they usually close? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjabmawçanmamı? jabmawçanmıma?do I usually not close? | senjabmawçanmısa?do you usually not close? | oljabmawçanmıdı?does he usually not close? | bizjabmawçanbızmı? jabmawçanmıbız?do we usually not close? | sizjabmawçanmısız?do you all usually not close? | alajabmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not close? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljabıbdıhe has closed and remains so | alajabıbdılathey have closed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljabıbmıdı?has he closed? | alajabıbmıdıla?have they closed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjabıb turamaI keep closing | senjabıb turasayou keep closing | oljabıb turadıhe keeps closing | bizjabıb turabızwe keep closing | sizjabıb turasızyou all keep closing | alajabıb turadılathey keep closing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjabıb turmaymaI don't keep closing | senjabıb turmaysayou don't keep closing | oljabıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep closing | bizjabıb turmaybızwe don't keep closing | sizjabıb turmaysızyou all don't keep closing | alajabıb turmaydılathey don't keep closing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjabıb turamamı? jabıb turamıma?do I keep closing? | senjabıb turamısa?do you keep closing? | oljabıb turamıdı?does he keep closing? | bizjabıb turabızmı? jabıb turamıbız?do we keep closing? | sizjabıb turamısız?do you all keep closing? | alajabıb turamıdıla?do they keep closing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjabıb turmaymamı? jabıb turmaymıma?don't I keep closing? | senjabıb turmaymısa?don't you keep closing? | oljabıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep closing? | bizjabıb turmaybızmı? jabıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep closing? | sizjabıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep closing? | alajabıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep closing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjaba turamaI am in the middle of closing | senjaba turasayou are in the middle of closing | oljaba turadıhe is in the middle of closing | bizjaba turabızwe are in the middle of closing | sizjaba turasızyou all are in the middle of closing | alajaba turadılathey are in the middle of closing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjaba turmaymaI am not in the middle of closing | senjaba turmaysayou are not in the middle of closing | oljaba turmaydıhe is not in the middle of closing | bizjaba turmaybızwe are not in the middle of closing | sizjaba turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of closing | alajaba turmaydılathey are not in the middle of closing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjaba turamamı? jaba turamıma?am I in the middle of closing? | senjaba turamısa?are you in the middle of closing? | oljaba turamıdı?is he in the middle of closing? | bizjaba turabızmı? jaba turamıbız?are we in the middle of closing? | sizjaba turamısız?are you all in the middle of closing? | alajaba turamıdıla?are they in the middle of closing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjaba turmaymamı? jaba turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of closing? | senjaba turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of closing? | oljaba turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of closing? | bizjaba turmaybızmı? jaba turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of closing? | sizjaba turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of closing? | alajaba turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of closing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjabdımI closed | senjabdıŋyou closed | oljabdıhe closed | bizjabdıqwe closed | sizjabdığızyou all closed | alajabdılathey closed |
| Simple past (definite) | menjabmadımI didn't close | senjabmadıŋyou didn't close | oljabmadıhe didn't close | bizjabmadıqwe didn't close | sizjabmadığızyou all didn't close | alajabmadılathey didn't close |
| Simple past (definite) | menjabdımmı?did I close? | senjabdıŋmı?did you close? | oljabdımı?did he close? | bizjabdıqmı?did we close? | sizjabdığızmı?did you all close? | alajabdılamı?did they close? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjabmadımmı?didn't I close? | senjabmadıŋmı?didn't you close? | oljabmadımı?didn't he close? | bizjabmadıqmı?didn't we close? | sizjabmadığızmı?didn't you all close? | alajabmadılamı?didn't they close? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjabhanmaI have closed | senjabhansayou have closed | oljabhandıhe has closed | bizjabhanbızwe have closed | sizjabhansızyou all have closed | alajabhandılathey have closed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjabmağanmaI haven't closed | senjabmağansayou haven't closed | oljabmağandıhe hasn't closed | bizjabmağanbızwe haven't closed | sizjabmağansızyou all haven't closed | alajabmağandılathey haven't closed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjabhanmamı? jabhanmıma?have I closed? | senjabhanmısa?have you closed? | oljabhanmıdı?has he closed? | bizjabhanbızmı? jabhanmıbız?have we closed? | sizjabhanmısız?have you all closed? | alajabhanmıdıla?have they closed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjabmağanmamı? jabmağanmıma?haven't I closed? | senjabmağanmısa?haven't you closed? | oljabmağanmıdı?hasn't he closed? | bizjabmağanbızmı? jabmağanmıbız?haven't we closed? | sizjabmağanmısız?haven't you all closed? | alajabmağanmıdıla?haven't they closed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjabıb turdumI kept closing | senjabıb turduŋyou kept closing | oljabıb turduhe kept closing | bizjabıb turduqwe kept closing | sizjabıb turduğuzyou all kept closing | alajabıb turdulathey kept closing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjabıb turmadımI didn't keep closing | senjabıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep closing | oljabıb turmadıhe didn't keep closing | bizjabıb turmadıqwe didn't keep closing | sizjabıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep closing | alajabıb turmadılathey didn't keep closing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjabarmaI will close | senjabarsayou will close | oljabarhe will close | bizjabarbızwe will close | sizjabarsızyou all will close | alajabarlathey will close |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjabmazmaI won't close | senjabmazsayou won't close | oljabmazhe won't close | bizjabmazbızwe won't close | sizjabmazsızyou all won't close | alajabmazlathey won't close |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjabarmamı? jabarmıma?will I close? | senjabarmısa?will you close? | oljabarmı?will he close? | bizjabarbızmı? jabarmıbız?will we close? | sizjabarmısız?will you all close? | alajabarlamı? jabarmıla?will they close? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjabmazmamı? jabmazmıma?won't I close? | senjabmazmısa?won't you close? | oljabmazmı?won't he close? | bizjabmazbızmı? jabmazmıbız?won't we close? | sizjabmazmısız?won't you all close? | alajabmazlamı? jabmazmıla?won't they close? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjabarıqmaI am going to close | senjabarıqsayou are going to close | oljabarıqdıhe is going to close | bizjabarıqbızwe are going to close | sizjabarıqsızyou all are going to close | alajabarıqdılathey are going to close |
| Definite future (future II) | menjabarıq tülmeI am not going to close | senjabarıq tülseyou are not going to close | oljabarıq tüldühe is not going to close | bizjabarıq tülbüzwe are not going to close | sizjabarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to close | alajabarıq tüldülethey are not going to close |
| Definite future (future II) | menjabarıqmamı? jabarıqmıma?am I going to close? | senjabarıqmısa?are you going to close? | oljabarıqmıdı?is he going to close? | bizjabarıqbızmı? jabarıqmıbız?are we going to close? | sizjabarıqmısız?are you all going to close? | alajabarıqmıdıla?are they going to close? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjabarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to close? | senjabarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to close? | oljabarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to close? | bizjabarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to close? | sizjabarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to close? | alajabarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to close? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjabhan edimjabhanemI had closed | senjabhan ediŋjabhaneŋyou had closed | oljabhan edijabhanedhe had closed | bizjabhan edikjabhanekwe had closed | sizjabhan edigizjabhanegizyou all had closed | alajabhan edilejabhanellethey had closed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjabmağan edimjabmağanemI hadn't closed | senjabmağan ediŋjabmağaneŋyou hadn't closed | oljabmağan edijabmağanedhe hadn't closed | bizjabmağan edikjabmağanekwe hadn't closed | sizjabmağan edigizjabmağanegizyou all hadn't closed | alajabmağan edilejabmağanellethey hadn't closed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjaba edimjabaemI was closing | senjaba ediŋjabaeŋyou were closing | oljaba edijabaedhe was closing | bizjaba edikjabaekwe were closing | sizjaba edigizjabaegizyou all were closing | alajaba edilejabaellethey were closing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjabmay edimjabmayemI wasn't closing | senjabmay ediŋjabmayeŋyou weren't closing | oljabmay edijabmayedhe wasn't closing | bizjabmay edikjabmayekwe weren't closing | sizjabmay edigizjabmayegizyou all weren't closing | alajabmay edilejabmayellethey weren't closing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjabıwçan edimjabıwçanemI used to close | senjabıwçan ediŋjabıwçaneŋyou used to close | oljabıwçan edijabıwçanedhe used to close | bizjabıwçan edikjabıwçanekwe used to close | sizjabıwçan edigizjabıwçanegizyou all used to close | alajabıwçan edilejabıwçanellethey used to close |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjabmawçan edimjabmawçanemI didn't use to close | senjabmawçan ediŋjabmawçaneŋyou didn't use to close | oljabmawçan edijabmawçanedhe didn't use to close | bizjabmawçan edikjabmawçanekwe didn't use to close | sizjabmawçan edigizjabmawçanegizyou all didn't use to close | alajabmawçan edilejabmawçanellethey didn't use to close |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljabıb edihe had closed and remained so | alajabıb edilethey had closed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljabıb tül edihe hadn't closed | alajabıb tül edilethey hadn't closed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjabıb tura edimjabıb turaemI had kept closing | senjabıb tura ediŋjabıb turaeŋyou had kept closing | oljabıb tura edijabıb turaedhe had kept closing | bizjabıb tura edikjabıb turaekwe had kept closing | sizjabıb tura edigizjabıb turaegizyou all had kept closing | alajabıb tura edilejabıb turaellethey had kept closing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjabıb turmay edimjabıb turmayemI hadn't kept closing | senjabıb turmay ediŋjabıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept closing | oljabıb turmay edijabıb turmayedhe hadn't kept closing | bizjabıb turmay edikjabıb turmayekwe hadn't kept closing | sizjabıb turmay edigizjabıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept closing | alajabıb turmay edilejabıb turmayellethey hadn't kept closing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjaba tura edimjaba turaemI was in the middle of closing | senjaba tura ediŋjaba turaeŋyou were in the middle of closing | oljaba tura edijaba turaedhe was in the middle of closing | bizjaba tura edikjaba turaekwe were in the middle of closing | sizjaba tura edigizjaba turaegizyou all were in the middle of closing | alajaba tura edilejaba turaellethey were in the middle of closing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjaba turmay edimjaba turmayemI wasn't in the middle of closing | senjaba turmay ediŋjaba turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of closing | oljaba turmay edijaba turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of closing | bizjaba turmay edikjaba turmayekwe weren't in the middle of closing | sizjaba turmay edigizjaba turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of closing | alajaba turmay edilejaba turmayellethey weren't in the middle of closing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjabar edimjabar emI would close | senjabar ediŋjabar eŋyou would close | oljabar edijabar edhe would close | bizjabar edikjabar ekwe would close | sizjabar edigizjabar egizyou all would close | alajabar edilejabar ellethey would close |
| Conditional result (would) | menjabmaz edimjabmaz emI wouldn't close | senjabmaz ediŋjabmaz eŋyou wouldn't close | oljabmaz edijabmaz edhe wouldn't close | bizjabmaz edikjabmaz ekwe wouldn't close | sizjabmaz edigizjabmaz egizyou all wouldn't close | alajabmaz edilejabmaz ellethey wouldn't close |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjabarıq edimjabarıq emI would have closed | senjabarıq ediŋjabarıq eŋyou would have closed | oljabarıq edijabarıq edhe would have closed | bizjabarıq edikjabarıq ekwe would have closed | sizjabarıq edigizjabarıq egizyou all would have closed | alajabarıq edilejabarıq ellethey would have closed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjabarıq tül edimjabarıq tül emI wouldn't have closed | senjabarıq tül ediŋjabarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have closed | oljabarıq tül edijabarıq tül edhe wouldn't have closed | bizjabarıq tül edikjabarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have closed | sizjabarıq tül edigizjabarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have closed | alajabarıq tül edilejabarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have closed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjabsamif I close | senjabsaŋif you close | oljabsaif he closes | bizjabsaqif we close | sizjabsağızif you all close | alajabsalaif they close |
| Conditional | menjabmasamif I don't close | senjabmasaŋif you don't close | oljabmasaif he doesn't close | bizjabmasaqif we don't close | sizjabmasağızif you all don't close | alajabmasalaif they don't close |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjaba esemif I am closing | senjaba eseŋif you are closing | oljaba eseif he is closing | bizjaba esekif we are closing | sizjaba esegizif you all are closing | alajaba eseleif they are closing |
| Conditional, present real | menjabmay esemif I am not closing | senjabmay eseŋif you are not closing | oljabmay eseif he is not closing | bizjabmay esekif we are not closing | sizjabmay esegizif you all are not closing | alajabmay eseleif they are not closing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjabsam edijabsam edif only I closed | senjabsaŋ edijabsaŋ edif only you closed | oljabsa edijabsaedif only he closed | bizjabsaq edijabsaq edif only we closed | sizjabsağız edijabsağız edif only you all closed | alajabsala edijabsalaedif only they closed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjabmasam edijabmasam edif only I didn't close | senjabmasaŋ edijabmasaŋ edif only you didn't close | oljabmasa edijabmasaedif only he didn't close | bizjabmasaq edijabmasaq edif only we didn't close | sizjabmasağız edijabmasağız edif only you all didn't close | alajabmasala edijabmasalaedif only they didn't close |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjabıb tursamif I carry on closing | senjabıb tursaŋif you carry on closing | oljabıb tursaif he carries on closing | bizjabıb tursaqif we carry on closing | sizjabıb tursağızif you all carry on closing | alajabıb tursalaif they carry on closing |
| Durative conditional | menjabıb turmasamif I don't carry on closing | senjabıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on closing | oljabıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on closing | bizjabıb turmasaqif we don't carry on closing | sizjabıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on closing | alajabıb turmasalaif they don't carry on closing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjabıb tura esemif I have kept closing | senjabıb tura eseŋif you have kept closing | oljabıb tura eseif he has kept closing | bizjabıb tura esekif we have kept closing | sizjabıb tura esegizif you all have kept closing | alajabıb tura eseleif they have kept closing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjabıb turmay esemif I haven't kept closing | senjabıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept closing | oljabıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept closing | bizjabıb turmay esekif we haven't kept closing | sizjabıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept closing | alajabıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept closing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjaba tursamif I keep closing | senjaba tursaŋif you keep closing | oljaba tursaif he keeps closing | bizjaba tursaqif we keep closing | sizjaba tursağızif you all keep closing | alajaba tursalaif they keep closing |
| Progressive conditional | menjabmay tursamif I keep on not closing | senjabmay tursaŋif you keep on not closing | oljabmay tursaif he keeps on not closing | bizjabmay tursaqif we keep on not closing | sizjabmay tursağızif you all keep on not closing | alajabmay tursalaif they keep on not closing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjaba tura esemif I am in the middle of closing | senjaba tura eseŋif you are in the middle of closing | oljaba tura eseif he is in the middle of closing | bizjaba tura esekif we are in the middle of closing | sizjaba tura esegizif you all are in the middle of closing | alajaba tura eseleif they are in the middle of closing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjabmay tura esemif I keep on not closing | senjabmay tura eseŋif you keep on not closing | oljabmay tura eseif he keeps on not closing | bizjabmay tura esekif we keep on not closing | sizjabmay tura esegizif you all keep on not closing | alajabmay tura eseleif they keep on not closing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjabdım esemif I closed | senjabdıŋ eseŋif you closed | oljabdı eseif he closed | bizjabdıq esekif we closed | sizjabdığız esegizif you all closed | alajabdıla eseleif they closed |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjabmadım esemif I didn't close | senjabmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't close | oljabmadı eseif he didn't close | bizjabmadıq esekif we didn't close | sizjabmadığız esegizif you all didn't close | alajabmadıla eseleif they didn't close |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjabhan esemif I did close (indeed) | senjabhan eseŋif you did close (indeed) | oljabhan eseif he did close (indeed) | bizjabhan esekif we did close (indeed) | sizjabhan esegizif you all did close (indeed) | alajabhan eseleif they did close (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjabmağan esemif I didn't close (indeed) | senjabmağan eseŋif you didn't close (indeed) | oljabmağan eseif he didn't close (indeed) | bizjabmağan esekif we didn't close (indeed) | sizjabmağan esegizif you all didn't close (indeed) | alajabmağan eseleif they didn't close (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjabhan bolsamif I had closed | senjabhan bolsaŋif you had closed | oljabhan bolsaif he had closed | bizjabhan bolsaqif we had closed | sizjabhan bolsağızif you all had closed | alajabhan bolsalaif they had closed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjabmağan bolsamif I hadn't closed | senjabmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't closed | oljabmağan bolsaif he hadn't closed | bizjabmağan bolsaqif we hadn't closed | sizjabmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't closed | alajabmağan bolsalaif they hadn't closed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjabhan bolsam edijabhan bolsam edif only I had closed | senjabhan bolsaŋ edijabhan bolsaŋ edif only you had closed | oljabhan bolsa edijabhan bolsaedif only he had closed | bizjabhan bolsaq edijabhan bolsaq edif only we had closed | sizjabhan bolsağız edijabhan bolsağız edif only you all had closed | alajabhan bolsala edijabhan bolsalaedif only they had closed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjabmağan bolsam edijabmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't closed | senjabmağan bolsaŋ edijabmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't closed | oljabmağan bolsa edijabmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't closed | bizjabmağan bolsaq edijabmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't closed | sizjabmağan bolsağız edijabmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't closed | alajabmağan bolsala edijabmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't closed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjabar esemif I will close | senjabar eseŋif you will close | oljabar eseif he will close | bizjabar esekif we will close | sizjabar esegizif you all will close | alajabar eseleif they will close |
| Conditional, aorist | menjabmaz esemif I won't close | senjabmaz eseŋif you won't close | oljabmaz eseif he won't close | bizjabmaz esekif we won't close | sizjabmaz esegizif you all won't close | alajabmaz eseleif they won't close |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjabarıq esemif I am going to close | senjabarıq eseŋif you are going to close | oljabarıq eseif he is going to close | bizjabarıq esekif we are going to close | sizjabarıq esegizif you all are going to close | alajabarıq eseleif they are going to close |
| Conditional, future | menjabarıq tül esemif I am not going to close | senjabarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to close | oljabarıq tül eseif he is not going to close | bizjabarıq tül esekif we are not going to close | sizjabarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to close | alajabarıq tül eseleif they are not going to close |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjabarıq bolsamif I were going to close | senjabarıq bolsaŋif you were going to close | oljabarıq bolsaif he were going to close | bizjabarıq bolsaqif we were going to close | sizjabarıq bolsağızif you all were going to close | alajabarıq bolsalaif they were going to close |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjabmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to close | senjabmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to close | oljabmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to close | bizjabmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to close | sizjabmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to close | alajabmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to close |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso jabdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjaba bolurmaI must be closing | senjaba bolursayou must be closing | oljaba bolurhe must be closing | bizjaba bolurbuzwe must be closing | sizjaba bolursuzyou all must be closing | alajaba bolurlathey must be closing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjabmay bolurmaI must not be closing | senjabmay bolursayou must not be closing | oljabmay bolurhe must not be closing | bizjabmay bolurbuzwe must not be closing | sizjabmay bolursuzyou all must not be closing | alajabmay bolurlathey must not be closing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjaba tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of closing | senjaba tura bolursayou must be in the middle of closing | oljaba tura bolurhe must be in the middle of closing | bizjaba tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of closing | sizjaba tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of closing | alajaba tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of closing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjabmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not closing | senjabmay tura bolursayou must keep on not closing | oljabmay tura bolurhe must keep on not closing | bizjabmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not closing | sizjabmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not closing | alajabmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not closing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjabhan bolurmaI must have closed | senjabhan bolursayou must have closed | oljabhan bolurhe must have closed | bizjabhan bolurbuzwe must have closed | sizjabhan bolursuzyou all must have closed | alajabhan bolurlathey must have closed |
| Inference (must have) | menjabmağan bolurmaI must not have closed | senjabmağan bolursayou must not have closed | oljabmağan bolurhe must not have closed | bizjabmağan bolurbuzwe must not have closed | sizjabmağan bolursuzyou all must not have closed | alajabmağan bolurlathey must not have closed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjabarıq bolurmaI must be going to close | senjabarıq bolursayou must be going to close | oljabarıq bolurhe must be going to close | bizjabarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to close | sizjabarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to close | alajabarıq bolurlathey must be going to close |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjabmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to close | senjabmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to close | oljabmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to close | bizjabmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to close | sizjabmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to close | alajabmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to close |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjabayımlet me close | senjab!close! | oljabsınlet him close | bizjabayıqlet's close | sizjabığız!close, you all! | alajabsınlalet them close |
| Commands & suggestions | menjabmayımlet me not close | senjabma!don't close! | oljabmasınlet him not close | bizjabmayıqlet's not close | sizjabmağız!don't close, you all! | alajabmasınlalet them not close |
| Commands & suggestions | menjabayımmı?shall I close? | oljabsınmı?should he close? | bizjabayıqmı?shall we close? | alajabsınlamı?should they close? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjabmayımmı?shall I not close? | oljabmasınmı?should he not close? | bizjabmayıqmı?shall we not close? | alajabmasınlamı?should they not close? | ||
| Requests | senjabçı2jabçınplease close | oljabsınçıdo let him close | sizjabçığızplease close (plural/polite) | alajabsınlaçıdo let them close | ||
| Requests | senjabmaçı2jabmaçınplease don't close | oljabmasınçıdo let him not close | sizjabmaçığızplease don't close (plural/polite) | alajabmasınlaçıdo let them not close | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjabhınjabhımay you close | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjabmağınjabmağımay you not close | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjabhay edim jabha edimwould that I closed | senjabhay ediŋ jabha ediŋwould that you closed | oljabhay edi jabha ediwould that he closed | bizjabhay edik jabha edikwould that we closed | sizjabhay edigiz jabha edigizwould that you all closed | alajabhay edile jabha edilewould that they closed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjabmağay edim jabmağa edimwould that I did not close | senjabmağay ediŋ jabmağa ediŋwould that you did not close | oljabmağay edi jabmağa ediwould that he did not close | bizjabmağay edik jabmağa edikwould that we did not close | sizjabmağay edigiz jabmağa edigizwould that you all did not close | alajabmağay edile jabmağa edilewould that they did not close |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjabmağa qoyayımjabma qoyayımlet me allow someone to close | senjabmağa qoy!jabma qoy!let someone close! | oljabmağa qoysunjabma qoysunlet him allow someone to close | bizjabmağa qoyayıqjabma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to close | sizjabmağa qoyuğuz!jabma qoyuğuz!let someone close, you all! | alajabmağa qoysunlajabma qoysunlalet them allow someone to close |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjabmağa qoymayımjabma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to close | senjabmağa qoyma!jabma qoyma!don't let someone close! | oljabmağa qoymasınjabma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to close | bizjabmağa qoymayıqjabma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to close | sizjabmağa qoymağız!jabma qoymağız!don't let someone close, you all! | alajabmağa qoymasınlajabma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to close |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjabmağa qoyayımmı?jabma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to close? | oljabmağa qoysunmu?jabma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to close? | bizjabmağa qoyayıqmı?jabma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to close? | alajabmağa qoysunlamı?jabma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to close? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjabmağa qoymayımmı?jabma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to close? | oljabmağa qoymasınmı?jabma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to close? | bizjabmağa qoymayıqmı?jabma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to close? | alajabmağa qoymasınlamı?jabma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to close? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjabmağa qoyamajabma qoyamaI allow someone to close | senjabmağa qoyasajabma qoyasayou allow someone to close | oljabmağa qoyadıjabma qoyadıhe allows someone to close | bizjabmağa qoyabızjabma qoyabızwe allow someone to close | sizjabmağa qoyasızjabma qoyasızyou all allow someone to close | alajabmağa qoyadılajabma qoyadılathey allow someone to close |
| Let someone… (present) | menjabmağa qoymaymajabma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to close | senjabmağa qoymaysajabma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to close | oljabmağa qoymaydıjabma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to close | bizjabmağa qoymaybızjabma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to close | sizjabmağa qoymaysızjabma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to close | alajabmağa qoymaydılajabma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to close |
| Let someone… (present) | menjabmağa qoyamamı?jabma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to close? | senjabmağa qoyamısa?jabma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to close? | oljabmağa qoyamıdı?jabma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to close? | bizjabmağa qoyabızmı?jabma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to close? | sizjabmağa qoyamısız?jabma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to close? | alajabmağa qoyamıdıla?jabma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to close? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjabmağa qoymaymamı?jabma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to close? | senjabmağa qoymaymısa?jabma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to close? | oljabmağa qoymaymıdı?jabma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to close? | bizjabmağa qoymaybızmı?jabma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to close? | sizjabmağa qoymaymısız?jabma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to close? | alajabmağa qoymaymıdıla?jabma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to close? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjabmağa qoydumjabma qoydumI allowed someone to close | senjabmağa qoyduŋjabma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to close | oljabmağa qoydujabma qoyduhe allowed someone to close | bizjabmağa qoyduqjabma qoyduqwe allowed someone to close | sizjabmağa qoyduğuzjabma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to close | alajabmağa qoydulajabma qoydulathey allowed someone to close |
| Let someone… (past) | menjabmağa qoymadımjabma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to close | senjabmağa qoymadıŋjabma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to close | oljabmağa qoymadıjabma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to close | bizjabmağa qoymadıqjabma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to close | sizjabmağa qoymadığızjabma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to close | alajabmağa qoymadılajabma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to close |
| Let someone… (past) | menjabmağa qoydummu?jabma qoydummu?did I allow someone to close? | senjabmağa qoyduŋmu?jabma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to close? | oljabmağa qoydumu?jabma qoydumu?did he allow someone to close? | bizjabmağa qoyduqmu?jabma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to close? | sizjabmağa qoyduğuzmu?jabma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to close? | alajabmağa qoydulamı?jabma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to close? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjabmağa qoymadımmı?jabma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to close? | senjabmağa qoymadıŋmı?jabma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to close? | oljabmağa qoymadımı?jabma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to close? | bizjabmağa qoymadıqmı?jabma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to close? | sizjabmağa qoymadığızmı?jabma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to close? | alajabmağa qoymadılamı?jabma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to close? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
jabalırğa be able to close · jabalmazğa be unable to close
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjabalamaI can close | senjabalasayou can close | oljabaladıhe can close | bizjabalabızwe can close | sizjabalasızyou all can close | alajabaladılathey can close |
| Ability — present | menjabalmaymaI can't close | senjabalmaysayou can't close | oljabalmaydıhe can't close | bizjabalmaybızwe can't close | sizjabalmaysızyou all can't close | alajabalmaydılathey can't close |
| Ability — present | menjabalamamı? jabalamıma?can I close? | senjabalamısa?can you close? | oljabalamıdı?can he close? | bizjabalabızmı? jabalamıbız?can we close? | sizjabalamısız?can you all close? | alajabalamıdıla?can they close? |
| Ability — present | menjabalmaymamı? jabalmaymıma?can't I close? | senjabalmaymısa?can't you close? | oljabalmaymıdı?can't he close? | bizjabalmaybızmı? jabalmaymıbız?can't we close? | sizjabalmaymısız?can't you all close? | alajabalmaymıdıla?can't they close? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjabalsamif I can close | senjabalsaŋif you can close | oljabalsaif he can close | bizjabalsaqif we can close | sizjabalsağızif you all can close | alajabalsalaif they can close |
| Ability — if I can… | menjabalmasamif I can't close | senjabalmasaŋif you can't close | oljabalmasaif he can't close | bizjabalmasaqif we can't close | sizjabalmasağızif you all can't close | alajabalmasalaif they can't close |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjabaldımI was able to close | senjabaldıŋyou were able to close | oljabaldıhe was able to close | bizjabaldıqwe were able to close | sizjabaldığızyou all were able to close | alajabaldılathey were able to close |
| Ability — simple past | menjabalmadımI could not close | senjabalmadıŋyou could not close | oljabalmadıhe could not close | bizjabalmadıqwe could not close | sizjabalmadığızyou all could not close | alajabalmadılathey could not close |
| Ability — simple past | menjabaldımmı?was I able to close? | senjabaldıŋmı?were you able to close? | oljabaldımı?was he able to close? | bizjabaldıqmı?were we able to close? | sizjabaldığızmı?were you all able to close? | alajabaldılamı?were they able to close? |
| Ability — simple past | menjabalmadımmı?couldn't I close? | senjabalmadıŋmı?couldn't you close? | oljabalmadımı?couldn't he close? | bizjabalmadıqmı?couldn't we close? | sizjabalmadığızmı?couldn't you all close? | alajabalmadılamı?couldn't they close? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjabalğanmaI have been able to close | senjabalğansayou have been able to close | oljabalğandıhe has been able to close | bizjabalğanbızwe have been able to close | sizjabalğansızyou all have been able to close | alajabalğandılathey have been able to close |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjabalmağanmaI haven't been able to close | senjabalmağansayou haven't been able to close | oljabalmağandıhe hasn't been able to close | bizjabalmağanbızwe haven't been able to close | sizjabalmağansızyou all haven't been able to close | alajabalmağandılathey haven't been able to close |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjabalğanmamı? jabalğanmıma?have I been able to close? | senjabalğanmısa?have you been able to close? | oljabalğanmıdı?has he been able to close? | bizjabalğanbızmı? jabalğanmıbız?have we been able to close? | sizjabalğanmısız?have you all been able to close? | alajabalğanmıdıla?have they been able to close? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjabalmağanmamı? jabalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to close? | senjabalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to close? | oljabalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to close? | bizjabalmağanbızmı? jabalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to close? | sizjabalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to close? | alajabalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to close? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjabalğan edimjabalğanemI had been able to close | senjabalğan ediŋjabalğaneŋyou had been able to close | oljabalğan edijabalğanedhe had been able to close | bizjabalğan edikjabalğanekwe had been able to close | sizjabalğan edigizjabalğanegizyou all had been able to close | alajabalğan edilejabalğanellethey had been able to close |
| Ability — past perfect | menjabalmağan edimjabalmağanemI hadn't been able to close | senjabalmağan ediŋjabalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to close | oljabalmağan edijabalmağanedhe hadn't been able to close | bizjabalmağan edikjabalmağanekwe hadn't been able to close | sizjabalmağan edigizjabalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to close | alajabalmağan edilejabalmağanellethey hadn't been able to close |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjabala edimjabalaemI could close | senjabala ediŋjabalaeŋyou could close | oljabala edijabalaedhe could close | bizjabala edikjabalaekwe could close | sizjabala edigizjabalaegizyou all could close | alajabala edilejabalaellethey could close |
| Ability — past background | menjabalmay edimjabalmayemI could not close | senjabalmay ediŋjabalmayeŋyou could not close | oljabalmay edijabalmayedhe could not close | bizjabalmay edikjabalmayekwe could not close | sizjabalmay edigizjabalmayegizyou all could not close | alajabalmay edilejabalmayellethey could not close |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjabalırmaI will be able to close | senjabalırsayou will be able to close | oljabalırhe will be able to close | bizjabalırbızwe will be able to close | sizjabalırsızyou all will be able to close | alajabalırlathey will be able to close |
| Ability — future I | menjabalmazmaI won't be able to close | senjabalmazsayou won't be able to close | oljabalmazhe won't be able to close | bizjabalmazbızwe won't be able to close | sizjabalmazsızyou all won't be able to close | alajabalmazlathey won't be able to close |
| Ability — future I | menjabalırmamı? jabalırmıma?will I be able to close? | senjabalırmısa?will you be able to close? | oljabalırmı?will he be able to close? | bizjabalırbızmı? jabalırmıbız?will we be able to close? | sizjabalırmısız?will you all be able to close? | alajabalırlamı? jabalırmıla?will they be able to close? |
| Ability — future I | menjabalmazmamı? jabalmazmıma?won't I be able to close? | senjabalmazmısa?won't you be able to close? | oljabalmazmı?won't he be able to close? | bizjabalmazbızmı? jabalmazmıbız?won't we be able to close? | sizjabalmazmısız?won't you all be able to close? | alajabalmazlamı? jabalmazmıla?won't they be able to close? |
| Ability — future II | menjaballıqmaI am going to be able to close | senjaballıqsayou are going to be able to close | oljaballıqdıhe is going to be able to close | bizjaballıqbızwe are going to be able to close | sizjaballıqsızyou all are going to be able to close | alajaballıqdılathey are going to be able to close |
| Ability — future II | menjaballıq tülmeI am not going to be able to close | senjaballıq tülseyou are not going to be able to close | oljaballıq tüldühe is not going to be able to close | bizjaballıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to close | sizjaballıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to close | alajaballıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to close |
| Ability — future II | menjaballıqmamı? jaballıqmıma?am I going to be able to close? | senjaballıqmısa?are you going to be able to close? | oljaballıqmıdı?is he going to be able to close? | bizjaballıqbızmı? jaballıqmıbız?are we going to be able to close? | sizjaballıqmısız?are you all going to be able to close? | alajaballıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to close? |
| Ability — future II | menjaballıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to close? | senjaballıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to close? | oljaballıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to close? | bizjaballıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to close? | sizjaballıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to close? | alajaballıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to close? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjabalır edimjabalır emI would be able to close | senjabalır ediŋjabalır eŋyou would be able to close | oljabalır edijabalır edhe would be able to close | bizjabalır edikjabalır ekwe would be able to close | sizjabalır edigizjabalır egizyou all would be able to close | alajabalır edilejabalır ellethey would be able to close |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjabalmaz edimjabalmaz emI wouldn't be able to close | senjabalmaz ediŋjabalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to close | oljabalmaz edijabalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to close | bizjabalmaz edikjabalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to close | sizjabalmaz edigizjabalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to close | alajabalmaz edilejabalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to close |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjabalğınjabalğımay you be able to close | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjabalmağınjabalmağımay you not be able to close | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjabarğa izleymeI want to close | senjabarğa izleyseyou want to close | oljabarğa izleydihe wants to close | bizjabarğa izleybizwe want to close | sizjabarğa izleysizyou all want to close | alajabarğa izleydilethey want to close |
| want to | menjabarğa izlemeymeI do not want to close | senjabarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to close | oljabarğa izlemeydihe does not want to close | bizjabarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to close | sizjabarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to close | alajabarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to close |
| would like to | menjabarğa süemeI would like to close | senjabarğa süeseyou would like to close | oljabarğa süedihe would like to close | bizjabarğa süebizwe would like to close | sizjabarğa süesizyou all would like to close | alajabarğa süedilethey would like to close |
| would like to | menjabarğa süymeymeI would not like to close | senjabarğa süymeyseyou would not like to close | oljabarğa süymeydihe would not like to close | bizjabarğa süymeybizwe would not like to close | sizjabarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to close | alajabarğa süymeydilethey would not like to close |
| hope to | menjabarğa umutlanamaI hope to close | senjabarğa umutlanasayou hope to close | oljabarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to close | bizjabarğa umutlanabızwe hope to close | sizjabarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to close | alajabarğa umutlanadılathey hope to close |
| hope to | menjabarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to close | senjabarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to close | oljabarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to close | bizjabarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to close | sizjabarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to close | alajabarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to close |
| be about to | menjabarğa deb turamaI am about to close | senjabarğa deb turasayou are about to close | oljabarğa deb turadıhe is about to close | bizjabarğa deb turabızwe are about to close | sizjabarğa deb turasızyou all are about to close | alajabarğa deb turadılathey are about to close |
| be about to | menjabarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to close | senjabarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to close | oljabarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to close | bizjabarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to close | sizjabarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to close | alajabarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to close |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjabarğa kerekmeI need to close | senjabarğa kerekseyou need to close | oljabarğa kerekdihe needs to close | bizjabarğa kerekbizwe need to close | sizjabarğa kereksizyou all need to close | alajabarğa kerekdilethey need to close |
| need to | menjabarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to close | senjabarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to close | oljabarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to close | bizjabarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to close | sizjabarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to close | alajabarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to close |
| have to | menmenŋe jabarğa tüşediI have to close | sensenŋe jabarğa tüşediyou have to close | olaŋa jabarğa tüşedihe has to close | bizbizge jabarğa tüşediwe have to close | sizsizge jabarğa tüşediyou all have to close | alaalağa jabarğa tüşedithey have to close |
| have to | menmenŋe jabarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to close | sensenŋe jabarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to close | olaŋa jabarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to close | bizbizge jabarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to close | sizsizge jabarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to close | alaalağa jabarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to close |
| be obliged to | menjabarğa borçlumaI am obliged to close | senjabarğa borçlusayou are obliged to close | oljabarğa borçluduhe is obliged to close | bizjabarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to close | sizjabarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to close | alajabarğa borçludulathey are obliged to close |
| be obliged to | menjabarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to close | senjabarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to close | oljabarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to close | bizjabarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to close | sizjabarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to close | alajabarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to close |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjabarğa madarım bardıI have a way to close | senjabarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to close | oljabarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to close | bizjabarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to close | sizjabarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to close | alajabarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to close |
| have a way to | menjabarğa madarım joqduI have no way to close | senjabarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to close | oljabarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to close | bizjabarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to close | sizjabarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to close | alajabarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to close |
| be free to | menjabarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to close | senjabarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to close | oljabarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to close | bizjabarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to close | sizjabarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to close | alajabarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to close |
| be free to | menjabarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to close | senjabarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to close | oljabarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to close | bizjabarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to close | sizjabarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to close | alajabarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to close |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jabarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to close | sensenŋe jabarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to close | olaŋa jabarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to close | bizbizge jabarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to close | sizsizge jabarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to close | alaalağa jabarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to close |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jabarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to close | sensenŋe jabarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to close | olaŋa jabarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to close | bizbizge jabarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to close | sizsizge jabarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to close | alaalağa jabarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to close |
| be ready to | menjabarğa hazırmaI am ready to close | senjabarğa hazırsayou are ready to close | oljabarğa hazırdıhe is ready to close | bizjabarğa hazırbızwe are ready to close | sizjabarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to close | alajabarğa hazırdılathey are ready to close |
| be ready to | menjabarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to close | senjabarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to close | oljabarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to close | bizjabarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to close | sizjabarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to close | alajabarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to close |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjabarğa küreşemeI am trying to close | senjabarğa küreşeseyou are trying to close | oljabarğa küreşedihe is trying to close | bizjabarğa küreşebizwe are trying to close | sizjabarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to close | alajabarğa küreşedilethey are trying to close |
| try to | menjabarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to close | senjabarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to close | oljabarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to close | bizjabarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to close | sizjabarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to close | alajabarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to close |
| agree to | menjabarğa unaymaI agree to close | senjabarğa unaysayou agree to close | oljabarğa unaydıhe agrees to close | bizjabarğa unaybızwe agree to close | sizjabarğa unaysızyou all agree to close | alajabarğa unaydılathey agree to close |
| agree to | menjabarğa unamaymaI refuse to close | senjabarğa unamaysayou refuse to close | oljabarğa unamaydıhe refuses to close | bizjabarğa unamaybızwe refuse to close | sizjabarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to close | alajabarğa unamaydılathey refuse to close |
| hurry to | menjabarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to close | senjabarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to close | oljabarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to close | bizjabarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to close | sizjabarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to close | alajabarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to close |
| hurry to | menjabarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to close | senjabarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to close | oljabarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to close | bizjabarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to close | sizjabarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to close | alajabarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to close |
| be afraid to | menjabarğa qorqamaI am afraid to close | senjabarğa qorqasayou are afraid to close | oljabarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to close | bizjabarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to close | sizjabarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to close | alajabarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to close |
| be afraid to | menjabarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to close | senjabarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to close | oljabarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to close | bizjabarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to close | sizjabarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to close | alajabarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to close |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjaba bolmazmaI can't be closing | senjaba bolmazsayou can't be closing | oljaba bolmazhe can't be closing | bizjaba bolmazbızwe can't be closing | sizjaba bolmazsızyou all can't be closing | alajaba bolmazlathey can't be closing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjabmay bolmazmaI must be closing (emphatic) | senjabmay bolmazsayou must be closing (emphatic) | oljabmay bolmazhe must be closing (emphatic) | bizjabmay bolmazbızwe must be closing (emphatic) | sizjabmay bolmazsızyou all must be closing (emphatic) | alajabmay bolmazlathey must be closing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjaba turmasamif I don't keep closing | senjaba turmasaŋif you don't keep closing | oljaba turmasaif he doesn't keep closing | bizjaba turmasaqif we don't keep closing | sizjaba turmasağızif you all don't keep closing | alajaba turmasalaif they don't keep closing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjaba tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of closing | senjaba tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of closing | oljaba tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of closing | bizjaba tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of closing | sizjaba tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of closing | alajaba tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of closing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjabmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not closing (emphatic) | senjabmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not closing (emphatic) | oljabmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not closing (emphatic) | bizjabmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not closing (emphatic) | sizjabmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not closing (emphatic) | alajabmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not closing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjabmay turamaI keep on not closing | senjabmay turasayou keep on not closing | oljabmay turadıhe keeps on not closing | bizjabmay turabızwe keep on not closing | sizjabmay turasızyou all keep on not closing | alajabmay turadılathey keep on not closing |
| Progressive — double negation | menjabmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not closing | senjabmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not closing | oljabmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not closing | bizjabmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not closing | sizjabmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not closing | alajabmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not closing |
| Progressive — double negation | menjabmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not closing? | senjabmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not closing? | oljabmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not closing? | bizjabmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not closing? | sizjabmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not closing? | alajabmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not closing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjabhan bolmazmaI can't have closed | senjabhan bolmazsayou can't have closed | oljabhan bolmazhe can't have closed | bizjabhan bolmazbızwe can't have closed | sizjabhan bolmazsızyou all can't have closed | alajabhan bolmazlathey can't have closed |
| Inference — double negation | menjabmağan bolmazmaI must have closed (emphatic) | senjabmağan bolmazsayou must have closed (emphatic) | oljabmağan bolmazhe must have closed (emphatic) | bizjabmağan bolmazbızwe must have closed (emphatic) | sizjabmağan bolmazsızyou all must have closed (emphatic) | alajabmağan bolmazlathey must have closed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjabhan bolmasamif it weren't that I had closed | senjabhan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had closed | oljabhan bolmasaif it weren't that he had closed | bizjabhan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had closed | sizjabhan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had closed | alajabhan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had closed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjabmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't closed | senjabmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't closed | oljabmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't closed | bizjabmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't closed | sizjabmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't closed | alajabmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't closed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjabarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to close | senjabarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to close | oljabarıq bolmazhe can't be going to close | bizjabarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to close | sizjabarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to close | alajabarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to close |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjabmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to close (emphatic) | senjabmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to close (emphatic) | oljabmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to close (emphatic) | bizjabmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to close (emphatic) | sizjabmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to close (emphatic) | alajabmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to close (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjabarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to close | senjabarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to close | oljabarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to close | bizjabarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to close | sizjabarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to close | alajabarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to close |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjabmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to close | senjabmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to close | oljabmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to close | bizjabmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to close | sizjabmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to close | alajabmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to close |