iyirirge
/ijirirɡe/
1. spin (wool, thread)
- jün iyirirge — to spin wool
- urçuq bla iyirirge — to spin with a spindle
- anam jün iyiredi — my mother is spinning wool
- urçuq iyiredile — they spin with a spindle
- jünnü ınna qızlağa iyirirge berdi — grandma gave the wool to the girls to spin
- iyirib boşarğa — to finish spinning
- iyirib, qatlab da boşarğa — to finish spinning and twisting
- qol bla iyirirge — to spin by hand
2. rage, be fierce, cut through, pierce (of wind, frost, disease)
- jel iyiredi — the wind is piercing
- iyirgen suwuq — a fierce frost
- bügün suwuq iyiredi — today the cold is fierce
- suwuq ayaz iyiredi — a cold frost is raging
- teli awruw halqnı iyire edi — typhus was raging among the people
3. whirl, twist round
- jel qarnı iyiredi — the wind whirls the snow
- kökde buqu iyiredi — it whirls dust in the sky
- bulutlanı quwadı, iyirib, burub — it drives the clouds, whirling and twisting them
- suw taşlanı iyiredi — the water spins the stones around
- iyirib atarğa — to whirl it around and throw it
Conjugation
Common forms
- iyiredihe is spinning
- iyirdihe spun
- iyirgendihe has spun
- iyirirhe will spin
- iyirlikdihe is going to spin
- iyire edihe was spinning
- iyirseif he spins
- iyir!spin!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | meniyiremeI am spinning | seniyireseyou are spinning | oliyiredihe is spinning | biziyirebizwe are spinning | siziyiresizyou all are spinning | alaiyiredilethey are spinning |
| Present (simple & continuous) | meniyirmeymeI am not spinning | seniyirmeyseyou are not spinning | oliyirmeydihe is not spinning | biziyirmeybizwe are not spinning | siziyirmeysizyou all are not spinning | alaiyirmeydilethey are not spinning |
| Present (simple & continuous) | meniyirememi? iyiremime?am I spinning? | seniyiremise?are you spinning? | oliyiremidi?is he spinning? | biziyirebizmi? iyiremibiz?are we spinning? | siziyiremisiz?are you all spinning? | alaiyiremidile?are they spinning? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | meniyirmeymemi? iyirmeymime?aren't I spinning? | seniyirmeymise?aren't you spinning? | oliyirmeymidi?isn't he spinning? | biziyirmeybizmi? iyirmeymibiz?aren't we spinning? | siziyirmeymisiz?aren't you all spinning? | alaiyirmeymidile?aren't they spinning? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | meniyiriwçenmeI usually spin | seniyiriwçenseyou usually spin | oliyiriwçendihe usually spins | biziyiriwçenbizwe usually spin | siziyiriwçensizyou all usually spin | alaiyiriwçendilethey usually spin |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | meniyirmewçenmeI usually don't spin | seniyirmewçenseyou usually don't spin | oliyirmewçendihe usually doesn't spin | biziyirmewçenbizwe usually don't spin | siziyirmewçensizyou all usually don't spin | alaiyirmewçendilethey usually don't spin |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | meniyiriwçenmemi? iyiriwçenmime?do I usually spin? | seniyiriwçenmise?do you usually spin? | oliyiriwçenmidi?does he usually spin? | biziyiriwçenbizmi? iyiriwçenmibiz?do we usually spin? | siziyiriwçenmisiz?do you all usually spin? | alaiyiriwçenmidile?do they usually spin? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | meniyirmewçenmemi? iyirmewçenmime?do I usually not spin? | seniyirmewçenmise?do you usually not spin? | oliyirmewçenmidi?does he usually not spin? | biziyirmewçenbizmi? iyirmewçenmibiz?do we usually not spin? | siziyirmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not spin? | alaiyirmewçenmidile?do they usually not spin? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oliyiribdihe has spun and remains so | alaiyiribdilethey have spun and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oliyiribmidi?has he spun? | alaiyiribmidile?have they spun? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | meniyirib turamaI keep spinning | seniyirib turasayou keep spinning | oliyirib turadıhe keeps spinning | biziyirib turabızwe keep spinning | siziyirib turasızyou all keep spinning | alaiyirib turadılathey keep spinning |
| Durative (keeps doing) | meniyirib turmaymaI don't keep spinning | seniyirib turmaysayou don't keep spinning | oliyirib turmaydıhe doesn't keep spinning | biziyirib turmaybızwe don't keep spinning | siziyirib turmaysızyou all don't keep spinning | alaiyirib turmaydılathey don't keep spinning |
| Durative (keeps doing) | meniyirib turamamı? iyirib turamıma?do I keep spinning? | seniyirib turamısa?do you keep spinning? | oliyirib turamıdı?does he keep spinning? | biziyirib turabızmı? iyirib turamıbız?do we keep spinning? | siziyirib turamısız?do you all keep spinning? | alaiyirib turamıdıla?do they keep spinning? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | meniyirib turmaymamı? iyirib turmaymıma?don't I keep spinning? | seniyirib turmaymısa?don't you keep spinning? | oliyirib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep spinning? | biziyirib turmaybızmı? iyirib turmaymıbız?don't we keep spinning? | siziyirib turmaymısız?don't you all keep spinning? | alaiyirib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep spinning? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | meniyire turamaI am in the middle of spinning | seniyire turasayou are in the middle of spinning | oliyire turadıhe is in the middle of spinning | biziyire turabızwe are in the middle of spinning | siziyire turasızyou all are in the middle of spinning | alaiyire turadılathey are in the middle of spinning |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | meniyire turmaymaI am not in the middle of spinning | seniyire turmaysayou are not in the middle of spinning | oliyire turmaydıhe is not in the middle of spinning | biziyire turmaybızwe are not in the middle of spinning | siziyire turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of spinning | alaiyire turmaydılathey are not in the middle of spinning |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | meniyire turamamı? iyire turamıma?am I in the middle of spinning? | seniyire turamısa?are you in the middle of spinning? | oliyire turamıdı?is he in the middle of spinning? | biziyire turabızmı? iyire turamıbız?are we in the middle of spinning? | siziyire turamısız?are you all in the middle of spinning? | alaiyire turamıdıla?are they in the middle of spinning? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | meniyire turmaymamı? iyire turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of spinning? | seniyire turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of spinning? | oliyire turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of spinning? | biziyire turmaybızmı? iyire turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of spinning? | siziyire turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of spinning? | alaiyire turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of spinning? |
| Simple past (definite) | meniyirdimI spun | seniyirdiŋyou spun | oliyirdihe spun | biziyirdikwe spun | siziyirdigizyou all spun | alaiyirdilethey spun |
| Simple past (definite) | meniyirmedimI didn't spin | seniyirmediŋyou didn't spin | oliyirmedihe didn't spin | biziyirmedikwe didn't spin | siziyirmedigizyou all didn't spin | alaiyirmedilethey didn't spin |
| Simple past (definite) | meniyirdimmi?did I spin? | seniyirdiŋmi?did you spin? | oliyirdimi?did he spin? | biziyirdikmi?did we spin? | siziyirdigizmi?did you all spin? | alaiyirdilemi?did they spin? |
| Simple past (definite) | meniyirmedimmi?didn't I spin? | seniyirmediŋmi?didn't you spin? | oliyirmedimi?didn't he spin? | biziyirmedikmi?didn't we spin? | siziyirmedigizmi?didn't you all spin? | alaiyirmedilemi?didn't they spin? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | meniyirgenmeI have spun | seniyirgenseyou have spun | oliyirgendihe has spun | biziyirgenbizwe have spun | siziyirgensizyou all have spun | alaiyirgendilethey have spun |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | meniyirmegenmeI haven't spun | seniyirmegenseyou haven't spun | oliyirmegendihe hasn't spun | biziyirmegenbizwe haven't spun | siziyirmegensizyou all haven't spun | alaiyirmegendilethey haven't spun |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | meniyirgenmemi? iyirgenmime?have I spun? | seniyirgenmise?have you spun? | oliyirgenmidi?has he spun? | biziyirgenbizmi? iyirgenmibiz?have we spun? | siziyirgenmisiz?have you all spun? | alaiyirgenmidile?have they spun? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | meniyirmegenmemi? iyirmegenmime?haven't I spun? | seniyirmegenmise?haven't you spun? | oliyirmegenmidi?hasn't he spun? | biziyirmegenbizmi? iyirmegenmibiz?haven't we spun? | siziyirmegenmisiz?haven't you all spun? | alaiyirmegenmidile?haven't they spun? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | meniyirib turdumI kept spinning | seniyirib turduŋyou kept spinning | oliyirib turduhe kept spinning | biziyirib turduqwe kept spinning | siziyirib turduğuzyou all kept spinning | alaiyirib turdulathey kept spinning |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | meniyirib turmadımI didn't keep spinning | seniyirib turmadıŋyou didn't keep spinning | oliyirib turmadıhe didn't keep spinning | biziyirib turmadıqwe didn't keep spinning | siziyirib turmadığızyou all didn't keep spinning | alaiyirib turmadılathey didn't keep spinning |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | meniyirirmeI will spin | seniyirirseyou will spin | oliyirirhe will spin | biziyirirbizwe will spin | siziyirirsizyou all will spin | alaiyirirlethey will spin |
| Indefinite future (future I) | meniyirmezmeI won't spin | seniyirmezseyou won't spin | oliyirmezhe won't spin | biziyirmezbizwe won't spin | siziyirmezsizyou all won't spin | alaiyirmezlethey won't spin |
| Indefinite future (future I) | meniyirirmemi? iyirirmime?will I spin? | seniyirirmise?will you spin? | oliyirirmi?will he spin? | biziyirirbizmi? iyirirmibiz?will we spin? | siziyirirmisiz?will you all spin? | alaiyirirlemi? iyirirmile?will they spin? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | meniyirmezmemi? iyirmezmime?won't I spin? | seniyirmezmise?won't you spin? | oliyirmezmi?won't he spin? | biziyirmezbizmi? iyirmezmibiz?won't we spin? | siziyirmezmisiz?won't you all spin? | alaiyirmezlemi? iyirmezmile?won't they spin? |
| Definite future (future II) | meniyirlikme1iyirrikmeI am going to spin | seniyirlikse1iyirrikseyou are going to spin | oliyirlikdi1iyirrikdihe is going to spin | biziyirlikbiz1iyirrikbizwe are going to spin | siziyirliksiz1iyirriksizyou all are going to spin | alaiyirlikdile1iyirrikdilethey are going to spin |
| Definite future (future II) | meniyirlik tülme1iyirrik tülmeI am not going to spin | seniyirlik tülse1iyirrik tülseyou are not going to spin | oliyirlik tüldü1iyirrik tüldühe is not going to spin | biziyirlik tülbüz1iyirrik tülbüzwe are not going to spin | siziyirlik tülsüz1iyirrik tülsüzyou all are not going to spin | alaiyirlik tüldüle1iyirrik tüldülethey are not going to spin |
| Definite future (future II) | meniyirlikmemi?1 iyirlikmime?iyirrikmemi?am I going to spin? | seniyirlikmise?1iyirrikmise?are you going to spin? | oliyirlikmidi?1iyirrikmidi?is he going to spin? | biziyirlikbizmi?1 iyirlikmibiz?iyirrikbizmi?are we going to spin? | siziyirlikmisiz?1iyirrikmisiz?are you all going to spin? | alaiyirlikmidile?1iyirrikmidile?are they going to spin? |
| Definite future (future II) | meniyirlik tülmüme?1iyirrik tülmüme?aren't I going to spin? | seniyirlik tülmüse?1iyirrik tülmüse?aren't you going to spin? | oliyirlik tülmüdü?1iyirrik tülmüdü?isn't he going to spin? | biziyirlik tülmübüz?1iyirrik tülmübüz?aren't we going to spin? | siziyirlik tülmüsüz?1iyirrik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to spin? | alaiyirlik tülmüdüle?1iyirrik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to spin? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so iyirrikdi
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | meniyirgen edimiyirgenemI had spun | seniyirgen ediŋiyirgeneŋyou had spun | oliyirgen ediiyirgenedhe had spun | biziyirgen edikiyirgenekwe had spun | siziyirgen edigiziyirgenegizyou all had spun | alaiyirgen edileiyirgenellethey had spun |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | meniyirmegen edimiyirmegenemI hadn't spun | seniyirmegen ediŋiyirmegeneŋyou hadn't spun | oliyirmegen ediiyirmegenedhe hadn't spun | biziyirmegen edikiyirmegenekwe hadn't spun | siziyirmegen edigiziyirmegenegizyou all hadn't spun | alaiyirmegen edileiyirmegenellethey hadn't spun |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | meniyire edimiyiremI was spinning | seniyire ediŋiyireŋyou were spinning | oliyire ediiyiredhe was spinning | biziyire edikiyirekwe were spinning | siziyire edigiziyiregizyou all were spinning | alaiyire edileiyirellethey were spinning |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | meniyirmey edimiyirmeyemI wasn't spinning | seniyirmey ediŋiyirmeyeŋyou weren't spinning | oliyirmey ediiyirmeyedhe wasn't spinning | biziyirmey edikiyirmeyekwe weren't spinning | siziyirmey edigiziyirmeyegizyou all weren't spinning | alaiyirmey edileiyirmeyellethey weren't spinning |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | meniyiriwçen edimiyiriwçenemI used to spin | seniyiriwçen ediŋiyiriwçeneŋyou used to spin | oliyiriwçen ediiyiriwçenedhe used to spin | biziyiriwçen edikiyiriwçenekwe used to spin | siziyiriwçen edigiziyiriwçenegizyou all used to spin | alaiyiriwçen edileiyiriwçenellethey used to spin |
| Habitual past (used to) | meniyirmewçen edimiyirmewçenemI didn't use to spin | seniyirmewçen ediŋiyirmewçeneŋyou didn't use to spin | oliyirmewçen ediiyirmewçenedhe didn't use to spin | biziyirmewçen edikiyirmewçenekwe didn't use to spin | siziyirmewçen edigiziyirmewçenegizyou all didn't use to spin | alaiyirmewçen edileiyirmewçenellethey didn't use to spin |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oliyirib edihe had spun and remained so | alaiyirib edilethey had spun and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oliyirib tül edihe hadn't spun | alaiyirib tül edilethey hadn't spun | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | meniyirib tura edimiyirib turaemI had kept spinning | seniyirib tura ediŋiyirib turaeŋyou had kept spinning | oliyirib tura ediiyirib turaedhe had kept spinning | biziyirib tura edikiyirib turaekwe had kept spinning | siziyirib tura edigiziyirib turaegizyou all had kept spinning | alaiyirib tura edileiyirib turaellethey had kept spinning |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | meniyirib turmay edimiyirib turmayemI hadn't kept spinning | seniyirib turmay ediŋiyirib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept spinning | oliyirib turmay ediiyirib turmayedhe hadn't kept spinning | biziyirib turmay edikiyirib turmayekwe hadn't kept spinning | siziyirib turmay edigiziyirib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept spinning | alaiyirib turmay edileiyirib turmayellethey hadn't kept spinning |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | meniyire tura edimiyire turaemI was in the middle of spinning | seniyire tura ediŋiyire turaeŋyou were in the middle of spinning | oliyire tura ediiyire turaedhe was in the middle of spinning | biziyire tura edikiyire turaekwe were in the middle of spinning | siziyire tura edigiziyire turaegizyou all were in the middle of spinning | alaiyire tura edileiyire turaellethey were in the middle of spinning |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | meniyire turmay edimiyire turmayemI wasn't in the middle of spinning | seniyire turmay ediŋiyire turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of spinning | oliyire turmay ediiyire turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of spinning | biziyire turmay edikiyire turmayekwe weren't in the middle of spinning | siziyire turmay edigiziyire turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of spinning | alaiyire turmay edileiyire turmayellethey weren't in the middle of spinning |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | meniyirir edimiyirir emI would spin | seniyirir ediŋiyirir eŋyou would spin | oliyirir ediiyirir edhe would spin | biziyirir edikiyirir ekwe would spin | siziyirir edigiziyirir egizyou all would spin | alaiyirir edileiyirir ellethey would spin |
| Conditional result (would) | meniyirmez edimiyirmez emI wouldn't spin | seniyirmez ediŋiyirmez eŋyou wouldn't spin | oliyirmez ediiyirmez edhe wouldn't spin | biziyirmez edikiyirmez ekwe wouldn't spin | siziyirmez edigiziyirmez egizyou all wouldn't spin | alaiyirmez edileiyirmez ellethey wouldn't spin |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | meniyirlik edim2iyirlik emiyirrik edimI would have spun | seniyirlik ediŋ2iyirlik eŋiyirrik ediŋyou would have spun | oliyirlik edi2iyirlik ediyirrik edihe would have spun | biziyirlik edik2iyirlik ekiyirrik edikwe would have spun | siziyirlik edigiz2iyirlik egiziyirrik edigizyou all would have spun | alaiyirlik edile2iyirlik elleiyirrik edilethey would have spun |
| Past conditional result (would have) | meniyirlik tül edim2iyirlik tül emiyirrik tül edimI wouldn't have spun | seniyirlik tül ediŋ2iyirlik tül eŋiyirrik tül ediŋyou wouldn't have spun | oliyirlik tül edi2iyirlik tül ediyirrik tül edihe wouldn't have spun | biziyirlik tül edik2iyirlik tül ekiyirrik tül edikwe wouldn't have spun | siziyirlik tül edigiz2iyirlik tül egiziyirrik tül edigizyou all wouldn't have spun | alaiyirlik tül edile2iyirlik tül elleiyirrik tül edilethey wouldn't have spun |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so iyirrik edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | meniyirsemif I spin | seniyirseŋif you spin | oliyirseif he spins | biziyirsekif we spin | siziyirsegizif you all spin | alaiyirseleif they spin |
| Conditional | meniyirmesemif I don't spin | seniyirmeseŋif you don't spin | oliyirmeseif he doesn't spin | biziyirmesekif we don't spin | siziyirmesegizif you all don't spin | alaiyirmeseleif they don't spin |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | meniyire esemif I am spinning | seniyire eseŋif you are spinning | oliyire eseif he is spinning | biziyire esekif we are spinning | siziyire esegizif you all are spinning | alaiyire eseleif they are spinning |
| Conditional, present real | meniyirmey esemif I am not spinning | seniyirmey eseŋif you are not spinning | oliyirmey eseif he is not spinning | biziyirmey esekif we are not spinning | siziyirmey esegizif you all are not spinning | alaiyirmey eseleif they are not spinning |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | meniyirsem ediiyirsem edif only I spun | seniyirseŋ ediiyirseŋ edif only you spun | oliyirse ediiyirsedif only he spun | biziyirsek ediiyirsek edif only we spun | siziyirsegiz ediiyirsegiz edif only you all spun | alaiyirsele ediiyirseledif only they spun |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | meniyirmesem ediiyirmesem edif only I didn't spin | seniyirmeseŋ ediiyirmeseŋ edif only you didn't spin | oliyirmese ediiyirmesedif only he didn't spin | biziyirmesek ediiyirmesek edif only we didn't spin | siziyirmesegiz ediiyirmesegiz edif only you all didn't spin | alaiyirmesele ediiyirmeseledif only they didn't spin |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | meniyirib tursamif I carry on spinning | seniyirib tursaŋif you carry on spinning | oliyirib tursaif he carries on spinning | biziyirib tursaqif we carry on spinning | siziyirib tursağızif you all carry on spinning | alaiyirib tursalaif they carry on spinning |
| Durative conditional | meniyirib turmasamif I don't carry on spinning | seniyirib turmasaŋif you don't carry on spinning | oliyirib turmasaif he doesn't carry on spinning | biziyirib turmasaqif we don't carry on spinning | siziyirib turmasağızif you all don't carry on spinning | alaiyirib turmasalaif they don't carry on spinning |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | meniyirib tura esemif I have kept spinning | seniyirib tura eseŋif you have kept spinning | oliyirib tura eseif he has kept spinning | biziyirib tura esekif we have kept spinning | siziyirib tura esegizif you all have kept spinning | alaiyirib tura eseleif they have kept spinning |
| Durative conditional, present real | meniyirib turmay esemif I haven't kept spinning | seniyirib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept spinning | oliyirib turmay eseif he hasn't kept spinning | biziyirib turmay esekif we haven't kept spinning | siziyirib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept spinning | alaiyirib turmay eseleif they haven't kept spinning |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | meniyire tursamif I keep spinning | seniyire tursaŋif you keep spinning | oliyire tursaif he keeps spinning | biziyire tursaqif we keep spinning | siziyire tursağızif you all keep spinning | alaiyire tursalaif they keep spinning |
| Progressive conditional | meniyirmey tursamif I keep on not spinning | seniyirmey tursaŋif you keep on not spinning | oliyirmey tursaif he keeps on not spinning | biziyirmey tursaqif we keep on not spinning | siziyirmey tursağızif you all keep on not spinning | alaiyirmey tursalaif they keep on not spinning |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | meniyire tura esemif I am in the middle of spinning | seniyire tura eseŋif you are in the middle of spinning | oliyire tura eseif he is in the middle of spinning | biziyire tura esekif we are in the middle of spinning | siziyire tura esegizif you all are in the middle of spinning | alaiyire tura eseleif they are in the middle of spinning |
| Progressive conditional, present real | meniyirmey tura esemif I keep on not spinning | seniyirmey tura eseŋif you keep on not spinning | oliyirmey tura eseif he keeps on not spinning | biziyirmey tura esekif we keep on not spinning | siziyirmey tura esegizif you all keep on not spinning | alaiyirmey tura eseleif they keep on not spinning |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | meniyirdim esemif I spun | seniyirdiŋ eseŋif you spun | oliyirdi eseif he spun | biziyirdik esekif we spun | siziyirdigiz esegizif you all spun | alaiyirdile eseleif they spun |
| Conditional, definite past3 | meniyirmedim esemif I didn't spin | seniyirmediŋ eseŋif you didn't spin | oliyirmedi eseif he didn't spin | biziyirmedik esekif we didn't spin | siziyirmedigiz esegizif you all didn't spin | alaiyirmedile eseleif they didn't spin |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | meniyirgen esemif I did spin (indeed) | seniyirgen eseŋif you did spin (indeed) | oliyirgen eseif he did spin (indeed) | biziyirgen esekif we did spin (indeed) | siziyirgen esegizif you all did spin (indeed) | alaiyirgen eseleif they did spin (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | meniyirmegen esemif I didn't spin (indeed) | seniyirmegen eseŋif you didn't spin (indeed) | oliyirmegen eseif he didn't spin (indeed) | biziyirmegen esekif we didn't spin (indeed) | siziyirmegen esegizif you all didn't spin (indeed) | alaiyirmegen eseleif they didn't spin (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | meniyirgen bolsamif I had spun | seniyirgen bolsaŋif you had spun | oliyirgen bolsaif he had spun | biziyirgen bolsaqif we had spun | siziyirgen bolsağızif you all had spun | alaiyirgen bolsalaif they had spun |
| Conditional, counterfactual | meniyirmegen bolsamif I hadn't spun | seniyirmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't spun | oliyirmegen bolsaif he hadn't spun | biziyirmegen bolsaqif we hadn't spun | siziyirmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't spun | alaiyirmegen bolsalaif they hadn't spun |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | meniyirgen bolsam ediiyirgen bolsam edif only I had spun | seniyirgen bolsaŋ ediiyirgen bolsaŋ edif only you had spun | oliyirgen bolsa ediiyirgen bolsaedif only he had spun | biziyirgen bolsaq ediiyirgen bolsaq edif only we had spun | siziyirgen bolsağız ediiyirgen bolsağız edif only you all had spun | alaiyirgen bolsala ediiyirgen bolsalaedif only they had spun |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | meniyirmegen bolsam ediiyirmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't spun | seniyirmegen bolsaŋ ediiyirmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't spun | oliyirmegen bolsa ediiyirmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't spun | biziyirmegen bolsaq ediiyirmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't spun | siziyirmegen bolsağız ediiyirmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't spun | alaiyirmegen bolsala ediiyirmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't spun |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | meniyirir esemif I will spin | seniyirir eseŋif you will spin | oliyirir eseif he will spin | biziyirir esekif we will spin | siziyirir esegizif you all will spin | alaiyirir eseleif they will spin |
| Conditional, aorist | meniyirmez esemif I won't spin | seniyirmez eseŋif you won't spin | oliyirmez eseif he won't spin | biziyirmez esekif we won't spin | siziyirmez esegizif you all won't spin | alaiyirmez eseleif they won't spin |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | meniyirlik esem4iyirrik esemif I am going to spin | seniyirlik eseŋ4iyirrik eseŋif you are going to spin | oliyirlik ese4iyirrik eseif he is going to spin | biziyirlik esek4iyirrik esekif we are going to spin | siziyirlik esegiz4iyirrik esegizif you all are going to spin | alaiyirlik esele4iyirrik eseleif they are going to spin |
| Conditional, future | meniyirlik tül esem4iyirrik tül esemif I am not going to spin | seniyirlik tül eseŋ4iyirrik tül eseŋif you are not going to spin | oliyirlik tül ese4iyirrik tül eseif he is not going to spin | biziyirlik tül esek4iyirrik tül esekif we are not going to spin | siziyirlik tül esegiz4iyirrik tül esegizif you all are not going to spin | alaiyirlik tül esele4iyirrik tül eseleif they are not going to spin |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | meniyirlik bolsam5iyirrik bolsamif I were going to spin | seniyirlik bolsaŋ5iyirrik bolsaŋif you were going to spin | oliyirlik bolsa5iyirrik bolsaif he were going to spin | biziyirlik bolsaq5iyirrik bolsaqif we were going to spin | siziyirlik bolsağız5iyirrik bolsağızif you all were going to spin | alaiyirlik bolsala5iyirrik bolsalaif they were going to spin |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | meniyirmezlik bolsamif I were not going to spin | seniyirmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to spin | oliyirmezlik bolsaif he were not going to spin | biziyirmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to spin | siziyirmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to spin | alaiyirmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to spin |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso iyirdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so iyirrik ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so iyirrik bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | meniyire bolurmaI must be spinning | seniyire bolursayou must be spinning | oliyire bolurhe must be spinning | biziyire bolurbuzwe must be spinning | siziyire bolursuzyou all must be spinning | alaiyire bolurlathey must be spinning |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | meniyirmey bolurmaI must not be spinning | seniyirmey bolursayou must not be spinning | oliyirmey bolurhe must not be spinning | biziyirmey bolurbuzwe must not be spinning | siziyirmey bolursuzyou all must not be spinning | alaiyirmey bolurlathey must not be spinning |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | meniyire tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of spinning | seniyire tura bolursayou must be in the middle of spinning | oliyire tura bolurhe must be in the middle of spinning | biziyire tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of spinning | siziyire tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of spinning | alaiyire tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of spinning |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | meniyirmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not spinning | seniyirmey tura bolursayou must keep on not spinning | oliyirmey tura bolurhe must keep on not spinning | biziyirmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not spinning | siziyirmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not spinning | alaiyirmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not spinning |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | meniyirgen bolurmaI must have spun | seniyirgen bolursayou must have spun | oliyirgen bolurhe must have spun | biziyirgen bolurbuzwe must have spun | siziyirgen bolursuzyou all must have spun | alaiyirgen bolurlathey must have spun |
| Inference (must have) | meniyirmegen bolurmaI must not have spun | seniyirmegen bolursayou must not have spun | oliyirmegen bolurhe must not have spun | biziyirmegen bolurbuzwe must not have spun | siziyirmegen bolursuzyou all must not have spun | alaiyirmegen bolurlathey must not have spun |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | meniyirlik bolurma6iyirrik bolurmaI must be going to spin | seniyirlik bolursa6iyirrik bolursayou must be going to spin | oliyirlik bolur6iyirrik bolurhe must be going to spin | biziyirlik bolurbuz6iyirrik bolurbuzwe must be going to spin | siziyirlik bolursuz6iyirrik bolursuzyou all must be going to spin | alaiyirlik bolurla6iyirrik bolurlathey must be going to spin |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | meniyirmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to spin | seniyirmezlik bolursayou must not be going to spin | oliyirmezlik bolurhe must not be going to spin | biziyirmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to spin | siziyirmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to spin | alaiyirmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to spin |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so iyirrik bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | meniyireyimlet me spin | seniyir!spin! | oliyirsinlet him spin | biziyireyiklet's spin | siziyirigiz!spin, you all! | alaiyirsinlelet them spin |
| Commands & suggestions | meniyirmeyimlet me not spin | seniyirme!don't spin! | oliyirmesinlet him not spin | biziyirmeyiklet's not spin | siziyirmegiz!don't spin, you all! | alaiyirmesinlelet them not spin |
| Commands & suggestions | meniyireyimmi?shall I spin? | oliyirsinmi?should he spin? | biziyireyikmi?shall we spin? | alaiyirsinlemi?should they spin? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | meniyirmeyimmi?shall I not spin? | oliyirmesinmi?should he not spin? | biziyirmeyikmi?shall we not spin? | alaiyirmesinlemi?should they not spin? | ||
| Requests | seniyirçi7iyirçinplease spin | oliyirsinçido let him spin | siziyirçigizplease spin (plural/polite) | alaiyirsinleçido let them spin | ||
| Requests | seniyirmeçi7iyirmeçinplease don't spin | oliyirmesinçido let him not spin | siziyirmeçigizplease don't spin (plural/polite) | alaiyirmesinleçido let them not spin | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | seniyirginiyirgimay you spin | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | seniyirmeginiyirmegimay you not spin | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | meniyirgey edim iyirge edimwould that I spun | seniyirgey ediŋ iyirge ediŋwould that you spun | oliyirgey edi iyirge ediwould that he spun | biziyirgey edik iyirge edikwould that we spun | siziyirgey edigiz iyirge edigizwould that you all spun | alaiyirgey edile iyirge edilewould that they spun |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | meniyirmegey edim iyirmege edimwould that I did not spin | seniyirmegey ediŋ iyirmege ediŋwould that you did not spin | oliyirmegey edi iyirmege ediwould that he did not spin | biziyirmegey edik iyirmege edikwould that we did not spin | siziyirmegey edigiz iyirmege edigizwould that you all did not spin | alaiyirmegey edile iyirmege edilewould that they did not spin |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | meniyirmege qoyayımiyirme qoyayımlet me allow someone to spin | seniyirmege qoy!iyirme qoy!let someone spin! | oliyirmege qoysuniyirme qoysunlet him allow someone to spin | biziyirmege qoyayıqiyirme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to spin | siziyirmege qoyuğuz!iyirme qoyuğuz!let someone spin, you all! | alaiyirmege qoysunlaiyirme qoysunlalet them allow someone to spin |
| Let someone… (commands) | meniyirmege qoymayımiyirme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to spin | seniyirmege qoyma!iyirme qoyma!don't let someone spin! | oliyirmege qoymasıniyirme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to spin | biziyirmege qoymayıqiyirme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to spin | siziyirmege qoymağız!iyirme qoymağız!don't let someone spin, you all! | alaiyirmege qoymasınlaiyirme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to spin |
| Let someone… (commands) | meniyirmege qoyayımmı?iyirme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to spin? | oliyirmege qoysunmu?iyirme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to spin? | biziyirmege qoyayıqmı?iyirme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to spin? | alaiyirmege qoysunlamı?iyirme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to spin? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | meniyirmege qoymayımmı?iyirme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to spin? | oliyirmege qoymasınmı?iyirme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to spin? | biziyirmege qoymayıqmı?iyirme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to spin? | alaiyirmege qoymasınlamı?iyirme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to spin? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | meniyirmege qoyamaiyirme qoyamaI allow someone to spin | seniyirmege qoyasaiyirme qoyasayou allow someone to spin | oliyirmege qoyadıiyirme qoyadıhe allows someone to spin | biziyirmege qoyabıziyirme qoyabızwe allow someone to spin | siziyirmege qoyasıziyirme qoyasızyou all allow someone to spin | alaiyirmege qoyadılaiyirme qoyadılathey allow someone to spin |
| Let someone… (present) | meniyirmege qoymaymaiyirme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to spin | seniyirmege qoymaysaiyirme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to spin | oliyirmege qoymaydıiyirme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to spin | biziyirmege qoymaybıziyirme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to spin | siziyirmege qoymaysıziyirme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to spin | alaiyirmege qoymaydılaiyirme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to spin |
| Let someone… (present) | meniyirmege qoyamamı?iyirme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to spin? | seniyirmege qoyamısa?iyirme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to spin? | oliyirmege qoyamıdı?iyirme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to spin? | biziyirmege qoyabızmı?iyirme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to spin? | siziyirmege qoyamısız?iyirme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to spin? | alaiyirmege qoyamıdıla?iyirme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to spin? |
| Let someone… (present) | meniyirmege qoymaymamı?iyirme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to spin? | seniyirmege qoymaymısa?iyirme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to spin? | oliyirmege qoymaymıdı?iyirme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to spin? | biziyirmege qoymaybızmı?iyirme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to spin? | siziyirmege qoymaymısız?iyirme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to spin? | alaiyirmege qoymaymıdıla?iyirme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to spin? |
| Let someone… (past) | meniyirmege qoydumiyirme qoydumI allowed someone to spin | seniyirmege qoyduŋiyirme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to spin | oliyirmege qoyduiyirme qoyduhe allowed someone to spin | biziyirmege qoyduqiyirme qoyduqwe allowed someone to spin | siziyirmege qoyduğuziyirme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to spin | alaiyirmege qoydulaiyirme qoydulathey allowed someone to spin |
| Let someone… (past) | meniyirmege qoymadımiyirme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to spin | seniyirmege qoymadıŋiyirme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to spin | oliyirmege qoymadıiyirme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to spin | biziyirmege qoymadıqiyirme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to spin | siziyirmege qoymadığıziyirme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to spin | alaiyirmege qoymadılaiyirme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to spin |
| Let someone… (past) | meniyirmege qoydummu?iyirme qoydummu?did I allow someone to spin? | seniyirmege qoyduŋmu?iyirme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to spin? | oliyirmege qoydumu?iyirme qoydumu?did he allow someone to spin? | biziyirmege qoyduqmu?iyirme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to spin? | siziyirmege qoyduğuzmu?iyirme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to spin? | alaiyirmege qoydulamı?iyirme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to spin? |
| Let someone… (past) | meniyirmege qoymadımmı?iyirme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to spin? | seniyirmege qoymadıŋmı?iyirme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to spin? | oliyirmege qoymadımı?iyirme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to spin? | biziyirmege qoymadıqmı?iyirme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to spin? | siziyirmege qoymadığızmı?iyirme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to spin? | alaiyirmege qoymadılamı?iyirme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to spin? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | meniyiralamaI can spin | seniyiralasayou can spin | oliyiraladıhe can spin | biziyiralabızwe can spin | siziyiralasızyou all can spin | alaiyiraladılathey can spin |
| Ability — present | meniyiralmaymaI can't spin | seniyiralmaysayou can't spin | oliyiralmaydıhe can't spin | biziyiralmaybızwe can't spin | siziyiralmaysızyou all can't spin | alaiyiralmaydılathey can't spin |
| Ability — present | meniyiralamamı? iyiralamıma?can I spin? | seniyiralamısa?can you spin? | oliyiralamıdı?can he spin? | biziyiralabızmı? iyiralamıbız?can we spin? | siziyiralamısız?can you all spin? | alaiyiralamıdıla?can they spin? |
| Ability — present | meniyiralmaymamı? iyiralmaymıma?can't I spin? | seniyiralmaymısa?can't you spin? | oliyiralmaymıdı?can't he spin? | biziyiralmaybızmı? iyiralmaymıbız?can't we spin? | siziyiralmaymısız?can't you all spin? | alaiyiralmaymıdıla?can't they spin? |
| Ability — if I can… | meniyiralsamif I can spin | seniyiralsaŋif you can spin | oliyiralsaif he can spin | biziyiralsaqif we can spin | siziyiralsağızif you all can spin | alaiyiralsalaif they can spin |
| Ability — if I can… | meniyiralmasamif I can't spin | seniyiralmasaŋif you can't spin | oliyiralmasaif he can't spin | biziyiralmasaqif we can't spin | siziyiralmasağızif you all can't spin | alaiyiralmasalaif they can't spin |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | meniyiraldımI was able to spin | seniyiraldıŋyou were able to spin | oliyiraldıhe was able to spin | biziyiraldıqwe were able to spin | siziyiraldığızyou all were able to spin | alaiyiraldılathey were able to spin |
| Ability — simple past | meniyiralmadımI could not spin | seniyiralmadıŋyou could not spin | oliyiralmadıhe could not spin | biziyiralmadıqwe could not spin | siziyiralmadığızyou all could not spin | alaiyiralmadılathey could not spin |
| Ability — simple past | meniyiraldımmı?was I able to spin? | seniyiraldıŋmı?were you able to spin? | oliyiraldımı?was he able to spin? | biziyiraldıqmı?were we able to spin? | siziyiraldığızmı?were you all able to spin? | alaiyiraldılamı?were they able to spin? |
| Ability — simple past | meniyiralmadımmı?couldn't I spin? | seniyiralmadıŋmı?couldn't you spin? | oliyiralmadımı?couldn't he spin? | biziyiralmadıqmı?couldn't we spin? | siziyiralmadığızmı?couldn't you all spin? | alaiyiralmadılamı?couldn't they spin? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | meniyiralğanmaI have been able to spin | seniyiralğansayou have been able to spin | oliyiralğandıhe has been able to spin | biziyiralğanbızwe have been able to spin | siziyiralğansızyou all have been able to spin | alaiyiralğandılathey have been able to spin |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | meniyiralmağanmaI haven't been able to spin | seniyiralmağansayou haven't been able to spin | oliyiralmağandıhe hasn't been able to spin | biziyiralmağanbızwe haven't been able to spin | siziyiralmağansızyou all haven't been able to spin | alaiyiralmağandılathey haven't been able to spin |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | meniyiralğanmamı? iyiralğanmıma?have I been able to spin? | seniyiralğanmısa?have you been able to spin? | oliyiralğanmıdı?has he been able to spin? | biziyiralğanbızmı? iyiralğanmıbız?have we been able to spin? | siziyiralğanmısız?have you all been able to spin? | alaiyiralğanmıdıla?have they been able to spin? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | meniyiralmağanmamı? iyiralmağanmıma?haven't I been able to spin? | seniyiralmağanmısa?haven't you been able to spin? | oliyiralmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to spin? | biziyiralmağanbızmı? iyiralmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to spin? | siziyiralmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to spin? | alaiyiralmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to spin? |
| Ability — past perfect | meniyiralğan edimiyiralğanemI had been able to spin | seniyiralğan ediŋiyiralğaneŋyou had been able to spin | oliyiralğan ediiyiralğanedhe had been able to spin | biziyiralğan edikiyiralğanekwe had been able to spin | siziyiralğan edigiziyiralğanegizyou all had been able to spin | alaiyiralğan edileiyiralğanellethey had been able to spin |
| Ability — past perfect | meniyiralmağan edimiyiralmağanemI hadn't been able to spin | seniyiralmağan ediŋiyiralmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to spin | oliyiralmağan ediiyiralmağanedhe hadn't been able to spin | biziyiralmağan edikiyiralmağanekwe hadn't been able to spin | siziyiralmağan edigiziyiralmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to spin | alaiyiralmağan edileiyiralmağanellethey hadn't been able to spin |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | meniyirala edimiyiralaemI could spin | seniyirala ediŋiyiralaeŋyou could spin | oliyirala ediiyiralaedhe could spin | biziyirala edikiyiralaekwe could spin | siziyirala edigiziyiralaegizyou all could spin | alaiyirala edileiyiralaellethey could spin |
| Ability — past background | meniyiralmay edimiyiralmayemI could not spin | seniyiralmay ediŋiyiralmayeŋyou could not spin | oliyiralmay ediiyiralmayedhe could not spin | biziyiralmay edikiyiralmayekwe could not spin | siziyiralmay edigiziyiralmayegizyou all could not spin | alaiyiralmay edileiyiralmayellethey could not spin |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | meniyiralırmaI will be able to spin | seniyiralırsayou will be able to spin | oliyiralırhe will be able to spin | biziyiralırbızwe will be able to spin | siziyiralırsızyou all will be able to spin | alaiyiralırlathey will be able to spin |
| Ability — future I | meniyiralmazmaI won't be able to spin | seniyiralmazsayou won't be able to spin | oliyiralmazhe won't be able to spin | biziyiralmazbızwe won't be able to spin | siziyiralmazsızyou all won't be able to spin | alaiyiralmazlathey won't be able to spin |
| Ability — future I | meniyiralırmamı? iyiralırmıma?will I be able to spin? | seniyiralırmısa?will you be able to spin? | oliyiralırmı?will he be able to spin? | biziyiralırbızmı? iyiralırmıbız?will we be able to spin? | siziyiralırmısız?will you all be able to spin? | alaiyiralırlamı? iyiralırmıla?will they be able to spin? |
| Ability — future I | meniyiralmazmamı? iyiralmazmıma?won't I be able to spin? | seniyiralmazmısa?won't you be able to spin? | oliyiralmazmı?won't he be able to spin? | biziyiralmazbızmı? iyiralmazmıbız?won't we be able to spin? | siziyiralmazmısız?won't you all be able to spin? | alaiyiralmazlamı? iyiralmazmıla?won't they be able to spin? |
| Ability — future II | meniyirallıqmaI am going to be able to spin | seniyirallıqsayou are going to be able to spin | oliyirallıqdıhe is going to be able to spin | biziyirallıqbızwe are going to be able to spin | siziyirallıqsızyou all are going to be able to spin | alaiyirallıqdılathey are going to be able to spin |
| Ability — future II | meniyirallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to spin | seniyirallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to spin | oliyirallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to spin | biziyirallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to spin | siziyirallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to spin | alaiyirallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to spin |
| Ability — future II | meniyirallıqmamı? iyirallıqmıma?am I going to be able to spin? | seniyirallıqmısa?are you going to be able to spin? | oliyirallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to spin? | biziyirallıqbızmı? iyirallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to spin? | siziyirallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to spin? | alaiyirallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to spin? |
| Ability — future II | meniyirallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to spin? | seniyirallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to spin? | oliyirallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to spin? | biziyirallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to spin? | siziyirallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to spin? | alaiyirallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to spin? |
| Ability — would be able to… | meniyiralır edimiyiralır emI would be able to spin | seniyiralır ediŋiyiralır eŋyou would be able to spin | oliyiralır ediiyiralır edhe would be able to spin | biziyiralır edikiyiralır ekwe would be able to spin | siziyiralır edigiziyiralır egizyou all would be able to spin | alaiyiralır edileiyiralır ellethey would be able to spin |
| Ability — would be able to… | meniyiralmaz edimiyiralmaz emI wouldn't be able to spin | seniyiralmaz ediŋiyiralmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to spin | oliyiralmaz ediiyiralmaz edhe wouldn't be able to spin | biziyiralmaz edikiyiralmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to spin | siziyiralmaz edigiziyiralmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to spin | alaiyiralmaz edileiyiralmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to spin |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | seniyiralğıniyiralğımay you be able to spin | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | seniyiralmağıniyiralmağımay you not be able to spin | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | meniyirirge izleymeI want to spin | seniyirirge izleyseyou want to spin | oliyirirge izleydihe wants to spin | biziyirirge izleybizwe want to spin | siziyirirge izleysizyou all want to spin | alaiyirirge izleydilethey want to spin |
| want to | meniyirirge izlemeymeI do not want to spin | seniyirirge izlemeyseyou do not want to spin | oliyirirge izlemeydihe does not want to spin | biziyirirge izlemeybizwe do not want to spin | siziyirirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to spin | alaiyirirge izlemeydilethey do not want to spin |
| would like to | meniyirirge süemeI would like to spin | seniyirirge süeseyou would like to spin | oliyirirge süedihe would like to spin | biziyirirge süebizwe would like to spin | siziyirirge süesizyou all would like to spin | alaiyirirge süedilethey would like to spin |
| would like to | meniyirirge süymeymeI would not like to spin | seniyirirge süymeyseyou would not like to spin | oliyirirge süymeydihe would not like to spin | biziyirirge süymeybizwe would not like to spin | siziyirirge süymeysizyou all would not like to spin | alaiyirirge süymeydilethey would not like to spin |
| hope to | meniyirirge umutlanamaI hope to spin | seniyirirge umutlanasayou hope to spin | oliyirirge umutlanadıhe hopes to spin | biziyirirge umutlanabızwe hope to spin | siziyirirge umutlanasızyou all hope to spin | alaiyirirge umutlanadılathey hope to spin |
| hope to | meniyirirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to spin | seniyirirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to spin | oliyirirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to spin | biziyirirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to spin | siziyirirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to spin | alaiyirirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to spin |
| be about to | meniyirirge deb turamaI am about to spin | seniyirirge deb turasayou are about to spin | oliyirirge deb turadıhe is about to spin | biziyirirge deb turabızwe are about to spin | siziyirirge deb turasızyou all are about to spin | alaiyirirge deb turadılathey are about to spin |
| be about to | meniyirirge deb turmaymaI am not about to spin | seniyirirge deb turmaysayou are not about to spin | oliyirirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to spin | biziyirirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to spin | siziyirirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to spin | alaiyirirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to spin |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | meniyirirge kerekmeI need to spin | seniyirirge kerekseyou need to spin | oliyirirge kerekdihe needs to spin | biziyirirge kerekbizwe need to spin | siziyirirge kereksizyou all need to spin | alaiyirirge kerekdilethey need to spin |
| need to | meniyirirge kerek tülmeI do not need to spin | seniyirirge kerek tülseyou do not need to spin | oliyirirge kerek tüldühe does not need to spin | biziyirirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to spin | siziyirirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to spin | alaiyirirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to spin |
| have to | menmenŋe iyirirge tüşediI have to spin | sensenŋe iyirirge tüşediyou have to spin | olaŋa iyirirge tüşedihe has to spin | bizbizge iyirirge tüşediwe have to spin | sizsizge iyirirge tüşediyou all have to spin | alaalağa iyirirge tüşedithey have to spin |
| have to | menmenŋe iyirirge tüşmeydiI do not have to spin | sensenŋe iyirirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to spin | olaŋa iyirirge tüşmeydihe does not have to spin | bizbizge iyirirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to spin | sizsizge iyirirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to spin | alaalağa iyirirge tüşmeydithey do not have to spin |
| be obliged to | meniyirirge borçlumaI am obliged to spin | seniyirirge borçlusayou are obliged to spin | oliyirirge borçluduhe is obliged to spin | biziyirirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to spin | siziyirirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to spin | alaiyirirge borçludulathey are obliged to spin |
| be obliged to | meniyirirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to spin | seniyirirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to spin | oliyirirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to spin | biziyirirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to spin | siziyirirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to spin | alaiyirirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to spin |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | meniyirirge madarım bardıI have a way to spin | seniyirirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to spin | oliyirirge madarı bardıhe has a way to spin | biziyirirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to spin | siziyirirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to spin | alaiyirirge madarları bardıthey have a way to spin |
| have a way to | meniyirirge madarım joqduI have no way to spin | seniyirirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to spin | oliyirirge madarı joqduhe has no way to spin | biziyirirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to spin | siziyirirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to spin | alaiyirirge madarları joqduthey have no way to spin |
| be free to | meniyirirge erkinligim bardıI am free to spin | seniyirirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to spin | oliyirirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to spin | biziyirirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to spin | siziyirirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to spin | alaiyirirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to spin |
| be free to | meniyirirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to spin | seniyirirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to spin | oliyirirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to spin | biziyirirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to spin | siziyirirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to spin | alaiyirirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to spin |
| be possible to | menmenŋe iyirirge bolluqduit is possible for me to spin | sensenŋe iyirirge bolluqduit is possible for you to spin | olaŋa iyirirge bolluqduit is possible for him to spin | bizbizge iyirirge bolluqduit is possible for us to spin | sizsizge iyirirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to spin | alaalağa iyirirge bolluqduit is possible for them to spin |
| be possible to | menmenŋe iyirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to spin | sensenŋe iyirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to spin | olaŋa iyirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to spin | bizbizge iyirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to spin | sizsizge iyirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to spin | alaalağa iyirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to spin |
| be ready to | meniyirirge hazırmaI am ready to spin | seniyirirge hazırsayou are ready to spin | oliyirirge hazırdıhe is ready to spin | biziyirirge hazırbızwe are ready to spin | siziyirirge hazırsızyou all are ready to spin | alaiyirirge hazırdılathey are ready to spin |
| be ready to | meniyirirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to spin | seniyirirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to spin | oliyirirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to spin | biziyirirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to spin | siziyirirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to spin | alaiyirirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to spin |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | meniyirirge küreşemeI am trying to spin | seniyirirge küreşeseyou are trying to spin | oliyirirge küreşedihe is trying to spin | biziyirirge küreşebizwe are trying to spin | siziyirirge küreşesizyou all are trying to spin | alaiyirirge küreşedilethey are trying to spin |
| try to | meniyirirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to spin | seniyirirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to spin | oliyirirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to spin | biziyirirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to spin | siziyirirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to spin | alaiyirirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to spin |
| agree to | meniyirirge unaymaI agree to spin | seniyirirge unaysayou agree to spin | oliyirirge unaydıhe agrees to spin | biziyirirge unaybızwe agree to spin | siziyirirge unaysızyou all agree to spin | alaiyirirge unaydılathey agree to spin |
| agree to | meniyirirge unamaymaI refuse to spin | seniyirirge unamaysayou refuse to spin | oliyirirge unamaydıhe refuses to spin | biziyirirge unamaybızwe refuse to spin | siziyirirge unamaysızyou all refuse to spin | alaiyirirge unamaydılathey refuse to spin |
| hurry to | meniyirirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to spin | seniyirirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to spin | oliyirirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to spin | biziyirirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to spin | siziyirirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to spin | alaiyirirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to spin |
| hurry to | meniyirirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to spin | seniyirirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to spin | oliyirirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to spin | biziyirirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to spin | siziyirirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to spin | alaiyirirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to spin |
| be afraid to | meniyirirge qorqamaI am afraid to spin | seniyirirge qorqasayou are afraid to spin | oliyirirge qorqadıhe is afraid to spin | biziyirirge qorqabızwe are afraid to spin | siziyirirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to spin | alaiyirirge qorqadılathey are afraid to spin |
| be afraid to | meniyirirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to spin | seniyirirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to spin | oliyirirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to spin | biziyirirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to spin | siziyirirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to spin | alaiyirirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to spin |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | meniyire bolmazmaI can't be spinning | seniyire bolmazsayou can't be spinning | oliyire bolmazhe can't be spinning | biziyire bolmazbızwe can't be spinning | siziyire bolmazsızyou all can't be spinning | alaiyire bolmazlathey can't be spinning |
| Inference, present — double negation | meniyirmey bolmazmaI must be spinning (emphatic) | seniyirmey bolmazsayou must be spinning (emphatic) | oliyirmey bolmazhe must be spinning (emphatic) | biziyirmey bolmazbızwe must be spinning (emphatic) | siziyirmey bolmazsızyou all must be spinning (emphatic) | alaiyirmey bolmazlathey must be spinning (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | meniyire turmasamif I don't keep spinning | seniyire turmasaŋif you don't keep spinning | oliyire turmasaif he doesn't keep spinning | biziyire turmasaqif we don't keep spinning | siziyire turmasağızif you all don't keep spinning | alaiyire turmasalaif they don't keep spinning |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | meniyire tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of spinning | seniyire tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of spinning | oliyire tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of spinning | biziyire tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of spinning | siziyire tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of spinning | alaiyire tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of spinning |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | meniyirmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not spinning (emphatic) | seniyirmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not spinning (emphatic) | oliyirmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not spinning (emphatic) | biziyirmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not spinning (emphatic) | siziyirmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not spinning (emphatic) | alaiyirmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not spinning (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | meniyirmey turamaI keep on not spinning | seniyirmey turasayou keep on not spinning | oliyirmey turadıhe keeps on not spinning | biziyirmey turabızwe keep on not spinning | siziyirmey turasızyou all keep on not spinning | alaiyirmey turadılathey keep on not spinning |
| Progressive — double negation | meniyirmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not spinning | seniyirmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not spinning | oliyirmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not spinning | biziyirmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not spinning | siziyirmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not spinning | alaiyirmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not spinning |
| Progressive — double negation | meniyirmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not spinning? | seniyirmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not spinning? | oliyirmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not spinning? | biziyirmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not spinning? | siziyirmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not spinning? | alaiyirmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not spinning? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | meniyirgen bolmazmaI can't have spun | seniyirgen bolmazsayou can't have spun | oliyirgen bolmazhe can't have spun | biziyirgen bolmazbızwe can't have spun | siziyirgen bolmazsızyou all can't have spun | alaiyirgen bolmazlathey can't have spun |
| Inference — double negation | meniyirmegen bolmazmaI must have spun (emphatic) | seniyirmegen bolmazsayou must have spun (emphatic) | oliyirmegen bolmazhe must have spun (emphatic) | biziyirmegen bolmazbızwe must have spun (emphatic) | siziyirmegen bolmazsızyou all must have spun (emphatic) | alaiyirmegen bolmazlathey must have spun (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | meniyirgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had spun | seniyirgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had spun | oliyirgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had spun | biziyirgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had spun | siziyirgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had spun | alaiyirgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had spun |
| Counterfactual — double negation | meniyirmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't spun | seniyirmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't spun | oliyirmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't spun | biziyirmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't spun | siziyirmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't spun | alaiyirmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't spun |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | meniyirlik bolmazmaI can't be going to spin | seniyirlik bolmazsayou can't be going to spin | oliyirlik bolmazhe can't be going to spin | biziyirlik bolmazbızwe can't be going to spin | siziyirlik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to spin | alaiyirlik bolmazlathey can't be going to spin |
| Inference, future — double negation | meniyirmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to spin (emphatic) | seniyirmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to spin (emphatic) | oliyirmezlik bolmazhe must be going to spin (emphatic) | biziyirmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to spin (emphatic) | siziyirmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to spin (emphatic) | alaiyirmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to spin (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | meniyirlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to spin | seniyirlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to spin | oliyirlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to spin | biziyirlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to spin | siziyirlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to spin | alaiyirlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to spin |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | meniyirmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to spin | seniyirmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to spin | oliyirmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to spin | biziyirmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to spin | siziyirmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to spin | alaiyirmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to spin |