buğow
/buʁow/ · plural buğowla
1. shackles, fetters, irons, hobbles, handcuffs, chains
- temir buğow — iron fetters
- buğow salırğa — to put someone in irons
- buğow kiydirirge — to put handcuffs on someone
- ayaqlarına buğow saldıla — they put shackles on his legs
- buğowdan ıçhınŋan itça — like a dog that has broken off its chain
- muzeyde buğow körgenbiz — we saw shackles in the museum
2. bonds, yoke, burden — Anything that takes away one's freedom, such as oppression or tyranny.
- buğowdan boşlarğa — to free someone from their fetters
- buğowdan ıçhınırğa — to break free of one's bonds
- halq buğowdan ıçhındı — the people broke free of their fetters
- zulmu buğownu halqım taşladı — my people threw off the yoke of tyranny
- buğownu atarğa — to throw off one's fetters
Expressions
- şamanlanı buğownu salırğa — shackle someone securely
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | buğowthe shackles | buğowummy shackles | buğowuŋyour shackles | buğowuhis shackles | buğowubuzour shackles | buğowuğuzyou all's shackles | buğowlarıtheir shackles |
| Genitive | buğownuthe shackles' | buğowumumy shackles' | buğowuŋuyour shackles' | buğowunuhis shackles' | buğowubuznuour shackles' | buğowuğuznuyou all's shackles' | buğowlarınıtheir shackles' |
| Accusative | buğownuthe shackles (as the object) | buğowumumy shackles (as the object) | buğowuŋuyour shackles (as the object) | buğowunhis shackles (as the object) | buğowubuznuour shackles (as the object) | buğowuğuznuyou all's shackles (as the object) | buğowlarıntheir shackles (as the object) |
| Dative | buğowğato the shackles | buğowumato my shackles | buğowuŋato your shackles | buğowunato his shackles | buğowubuzğato our shackles | buğowuğuzğato you all's shackles | buğowlarınato their shackles |
| Locative | buğowdain / at the shackles | buğowumdain / at my shackles | buğowuŋdain / at your shackles | buğowundain / at his shackles | buğowubuzdain / at our shackles | buğowuğuzdain / at you all's shackles | buğowlarındain / at their shackles |
| Ablative | buğowdanfrom the shackles | buğowumdanfrom my shackles | buğowuŋdanfrom your shackles | buğowundanfrom his shackles | buğowubuzdanfrom our shackles | buğowuğuzdanfrom you all's shackles | buğowlarındanfrom their shackles |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | buğowlathe shackles | buğowlarımmy shackles | buğowlarıŋyour shackles | buğowlarıhis shackles | buğowlarıbızour shackles | buğowlarığızyou all's shackles | buğowlarıtheir shackles |
| Genitive | buğowlanıthe shackles' | buğowlarımımy shackles' | buğowlarıŋıyour shackles' | buğowlarınıhis shackles' | buğowlarıbıznıour shackles' | buğowlarığıznıyou all's shackles' | buğowlarınıtheir shackles' |
| Accusative | buğowlanıthe shackles (as the object) | buğowlarımımy shackles (as the object) | buğowlarıŋıyour shackles (as the object) | buğowlarınhis shackles (as the object) | buğowlarıbıznıour shackles (as the object) | buğowlarığıznıyou all's shackles (as the object) | buğowlarıntheir shackles (as the object) |
| Dative | buğowlağato the shackles | buğowlarımato my shackles | buğowlarıŋato your shackles | buğowlarınato his shackles | buğowlarıbızğato our shackles | buğowlarığızğato you all's shackles | buğowlarınato their shackles |
| Locative | buğowladain / at the shackles | buğowlarımdain / at my shackles | buğowlarıŋdain / at your shackles | buğowlarındain / at his shackles | buğowlarıbızdain / at our shackles | buğowlarığızdain / at you all's shackles | buğowlarındain / at their shackles |
| Ablative | buğowladanfrom the shackles | buğowlarımdanfrom my shackles | buğowlarıŋdanfrom your shackles | buğowlarındanfrom his shackles | buğowlarıbızdanfrom our shackles | buğowlarığızdanfrom you all's shackles | buğowlarındanfrom their shackles |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: buğowları can mean "his / her shackles", "their shackles", or "their shackles" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.