boşarğa
/boʃarʁa/
1. finish, complete, see something through; end something with something — Often follows another verb in its converb form and means finish doing it, as in aytıb boşarğa "say all one has to say" and oqub boşarğa "read through". With bla it means end something with something: söznü alğış bla boşarğa "end a speech with a greeting".
- işni boşarğa — to finish the work
- hapar aytıb boşarğa — to finish telling a story
- oqub boşarğa — to read through
- tetradnı jazıb boşarğa — to fill a notebook with writing
- ol sözün boşağanlay — as soon as he finished his speech
- sözüŋü boşarğa — to finish having your say
- biz boşadıq — we finished
2. finish school or college, graduate
- şkolnu boşarğa — to finish school
- institutnu boşağandan sora — after finishing the institute
- şkolnu bıyıl boşarıqla — those who will finish school this year
3. use up, spend, exhaust a supply
- açhanı joyub boşadım — I spent all the money
- açhasın boşadı — he used up his money
- bütew suwnu boşadıla — they used up all the water
- zamanımı boşağanma — I have used up my time
4. have time to do something, find time for something
- top oynarğa boşamadıq — we didn't have time to play ball
- aşıq oynarğa boşarıq tülme — I won't have time to play knucklebones
- başımı qaşırğa boşamayma — I don't have time to scratch my head
5. get free of, be done with work or duties
- işden boşarğa — to get free of the work
- işden boşasam kelirme — when I am free of work I will come
- boşasam barırma — when I am free I will go
- dersleden boşarğa — to be done with the lessons
6. lose someone or something, be deprived of
- iynekden boşadıq — we lost the cow
- ol sawluğundan boşağandı — he has lost his health
- jarlı jaŋız eçkisinden boşadı — the poor man lost his only goat
7. wear out, exhaust, wear down a person
- kesiŋi boşarğa — to wear yourself out
- qarıwuŋu boşarğa — to exhaust your strength
- adamdan boşarğa — to wear a person down
- kesinden boşarğa tebregendi — he has started wearing himself out
Expressions
- menden boşa — may I die
- közlerinden boşarğa — ruin one's eyesight
Conjugation
Common forms
- boşaydıhe is finishing
- boşadıhe finished
- boşağandıhe has finished
- boşarhe will finish
- boşarıqdıhe is going to finish
- boşay edihe was finishing
- boşasaif he finishes
- boşa!finish!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menboşaymaI am finishing | senboşaysayou are finishing | olboşaydıhe is finishing | bizboşaybızwe are finishing | sizboşaysızyou all are finishing | alaboşaydılathey are finishing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menboşamaymaI am not finishing | senboşamaysayou are not finishing | olboşamaydıhe is not finishing | bizboşamaybızwe are not finishing | sizboşamaysızyou all are not finishing | alaboşamaydılathey are not finishing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menboşaymamı? boşaymıma?am I finishing? | senboşaymısa?are you finishing? | olboşaymıdı?is he finishing? | bizboşaybızmı? boşaymıbız?are we finishing? | sizboşaymısız?are you all finishing? | alaboşaymıdıla?are they finishing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menboşamaymamı? boşamaymıma?aren't I finishing? | senboşamaymısa?aren't you finishing? | olboşamaymıdı?isn't he finishing? | bizboşamaybızmı? boşamaymıbız?aren't we finishing? | sizboşamaymısız?aren't you all finishing? | alaboşamaymıdıla?aren't they finishing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menboşawçanmaI usually finish | senboşawçansayou usually finish | olboşawçandıhe usually finishes | bizboşawçanbızwe usually finish | sizboşawçansızyou all usually finish | alaboşawçandılathey usually finish |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menboşamawçanmaI usually don't finish | senboşamawçansayou usually don't finish | olboşamawçandıhe usually doesn't finish | bizboşamawçanbızwe usually don't finish | sizboşamawçansızyou all usually don't finish | alaboşamawçandılathey usually don't finish |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menboşawçanmamı? boşawçanmıma?do I usually finish? | senboşawçanmısa?do you usually finish? | olboşawçanmıdı?does he usually finish? | bizboşawçanbızmı? boşawçanmıbız?do we usually finish? | sizboşawçanmısız?do you all usually finish? | alaboşawçanmıdıla?do they usually finish? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menboşamawçanmamı? boşamawçanmıma?do I usually not finish? | senboşamawçanmısa?do you usually not finish? | olboşamawçanmıdı?does he usually not finish? | bizboşamawçanbızmı? boşamawçanmıbız?do we usually not finish? | sizboşamawçanmısız?do you all usually not finish? | alaboşamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not finish? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olboşabdıhe has finished and remains so | alaboşabdılathey have finished and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olboşabmıdı?has he finished? | alaboşabmıdıla?have they finished? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menboşab turamaI keep finishing | senboşab turasayou keep finishing | olboşab turadıhe keeps finishing | bizboşab turabızwe keep finishing | sizboşab turasızyou all keep finishing | alaboşab turadılathey keep finishing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menboşab turmaymaI don't keep finishing | senboşab turmaysayou don't keep finishing | olboşab turmaydıhe doesn't keep finishing | bizboşab turmaybızwe don't keep finishing | sizboşab turmaysızyou all don't keep finishing | alaboşab turmaydılathey don't keep finishing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menboşab turamamı? boşab turamıma?do I keep finishing? | senboşab turamısa?do you keep finishing? | olboşab turamıdı?does he keep finishing? | bizboşab turabızmı? boşab turamıbız?do we keep finishing? | sizboşab turamısız?do you all keep finishing? | alaboşab turamıdıla?do they keep finishing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menboşab turmaymamı? boşab turmaymıma?don't I keep finishing? | senboşab turmaymısa?don't you keep finishing? | olboşab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep finishing? | bizboşab turmaybızmı? boşab turmaymıbız?don't we keep finishing? | sizboşab turmaymısız?don't you all keep finishing? | alaboşab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep finishing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menboşay turamaI am in the middle of finishing | senboşay turasayou are in the middle of finishing | olboşay turadıhe is in the middle of finishing | bizboşay turabızwe are in the middle of finishing | sizboşay turasızyou all are in the middle of finishing | alaboşay turadılathey are in the middle of finishing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menboşay turmaymaI am not in the middle of finishing | senboşay turmaysayou are not in the middle of finishing | olboşay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of finishing | bizboşay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of finishing | sizboşay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of finishing | alaboşay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of finishing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menboşay turamamı? boşay turamıma?am I in the middle of finishing? | senboşay turamısa?are you in the middle of finishing? | olboşay turamıdı?is he in the middle of finishing? | bizboşay turabızmı? boşay turamıbız?are we in the middle of finishing? | sizboşay turamısız?are you all in the middle of finishing? | alaboşay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of finishing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menboşay turmaymamı? boşay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of finishing? | senboşay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of finishing? | olboşay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of finishing? | bizboşay turmaybızmı? boşay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of finishing? | sizboşay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of finishing? | alaboşay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of finishing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menboşadımI finished | senboşadıŋyou finished | olboşadıhe finished | bizboşadıqwe finished | sizboşadığızyou all finished | alaboşadılathey finished |
| Simple past (definite) | menboşamadımI didn't finish | senboşamadıŋyou didn't finish | olboşamadıhe didn't finish | bizboşamadıqwe didn't finish | sizboşamadığızyou all didn't finish | alaboşamadılathey didn't finish |
| Simple past (definite) | menboşadımmı?did I finish? | senboşadıŋmı?did you finish? | olboşadımı?did he finish? | bizboşadıqmı?did we finish? | sizboşadığızmı?did you all finish? | alaboşadılamı?did they finish? |
| Simple past (definite) | menboşamadımmı?didn't I finish? | senboşamadıŋmı?didn't you finish? | olboşamadımı?didn't he finish? | bizboşamadıqmı?didn't we finish? | sizboşamadığızmı?didn't you all finish? | alaboşamadılamı?didn't they finish? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menboşağanmaI have finished | senboşağansayou have finished | olboşağandıhe has finished | bizboşağanbızwe have finished | sizboşağansızyou all have finished | alaboşağandılathey have finished |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menboşamağanmaI haven't finished | senboşamağansayou haven't finished | olboşamağandıhe hasn't finished | bizboşamağanbızwe haven't finished | sizboşamağansızyou all haven't finished | alaboşamağandılathey haven't finished |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menboşağanmamı? boşağanmıma?have I finished? | senboşağanmısa?have you finished? | olboşağanmıdı?has he finished? | bizboşağanbızmı? boşağanmıbız?have we finished? | sizboşağanmısız?have you all finished? | alaboşağanmıdıla?have they finished? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menboşamağanmamı? boşamağanmıma?haven't I finished? | senboşamağanmısa?haven't you finished? | olboşamağanmıdı?hasn't he finished? | bizboşamağanbızmı? boşamağanmıbız?haven't we finished? | sizboşamağanmısız?haven't you all finished? | alaboşamağanmıdıla?haven't they finished? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menboşab turdumI kept finishing | senboşab turduŋyou kept finishing | olboşab turduhe kept finishing | bizboşab turduqwe kept finishing | sizboşab turduğuzyou all kept finishing | alaboşab turdulathey kept finishing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menboşab turmadımI didn't keep finishing | senboşab turmadıŋyou didn't keep finishing | olboşab turmadıhe didn't keep finishing | bizboşab turmadıqwe didn't keep finishing | sizboşab turmadığızyou all didn't keep finishing | alaboşab turmadılathey didn't keep finishing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menboşarmaI will finish | senboşarsayou will finish | olboşarhe will finish | bizboşarbızwe will finish | sizboşarsızyou all will finish | alaboşarlathey will finish |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menboşamazmaI won't finish | senboşamazsayou won't finish | olboşamazhe won't finish | bizboşamazbızwe won't finish | sizboşamazsızyou all won't finish | alaboşamazlathey won't finish |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menboşarmamı? boşarmıma?will I finish? | senboşarmısa?will you finish? | olboşarmı?will he finish? | bizboşarbızmı? boşarmıbız?will we finish? | sizboşarmısız?will you all finish? | alaboşarlamı? boşarmıla?will they finish? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menboşamazmamı? boşamazmıma?won't I finish? | senboşamazmısa?won't you finish? | olboşamazmı?won't he finish? | bizboşamazbızmı? boşamazmıbız?won't we finish? | sizboşamazmısız?won't you all finish? | alaboşamazlamı? boşamazmıla?won't they finish? |
| Definite future (future II) | menboşarıqmaI am going to finish | senboşarıqsayou are going to finish | olboşarıqdıhe is going to finish | bizboşarıqbızwe are going to finish | sizboşarıqsızyou all are going to finish | alaboşarıqdılathey are going to finish |
| Definite future (future II) | menboşarıq tülmeI am not going to finish | senboşarıq tülseyou are not going to finish | olboşarıq tüldühe is not going to finish | bizboşarıq tülbüzwe are not going to finish | sizboşarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to finish | alaboşarıq tüldülethey are not going to finish |
| Definite future (future II) | menboşarıqmamı? boşarıqmıma?am I going to finish? | senboşarıqmısa?are you going to finish? | olboşarıqmıdı?is he going to finish? | bizboşarıqbızmı? boşarıqmıbız?are we going to finish? | sizboşarıqmısız?are you all going to finish? | alaboşarıqmıdıla?are they going to finish? |
| Definite future (future II) | menboşarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to finish? | senboşarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to finish? | olboşarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to finish? | bizboşarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to finish? | sizboşarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to finish? | alaboşarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to finish? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menboşağan edimboşağanemI had finished | senboşağan ediŋboşağaneŋyou had finished | olboşağan ediboşağanedhe had finished | bizboşağan edikboşağanekwe had finished | sizboşağan edigizboşağanegizyou all had finished | alaboşağan edileboşağanellethey had finished |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menboşamağan edimboşamağanemI hadn't finished | senboşamağan ediŋboşamağaneŋyou hadn't finished | olboşamağan ediboşamağanedhe hadn't finished | bizboşamağan edikboşamağanekwe hadn't finished | sizboşamağan edigizboşamağanegizyou all hadn't finished | alaboşamağan edileboşamağanellethey hadn't finished |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menboşay edimboşayemI was finishing | senboşay ediŋboşayeŋyou were finishing | olboşay ediboşayedhe was finishing | bizboşay edikboşayekwe were finishing | sizboşay edigizboşayegizyou all were finishing | alaboşay edileboşayellethey were finishing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menboşamay edimboşamayemI wasn't finishing | senboşamay ediŋboşamayeŋyou weren't finishing | olboşamay ediboşamayedhe wasn't finishing | bizboşamay edikboşamayekwe weren't finishing | sizboşamay edigizboşamayegizyou all weren't finishing | alaboşamay edileboşamayellethey weren't finishing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menboşawçan edimboşawçanemI used to finish | senboşawçan ediŋboşawçaneŋyou used to finish | olboşawçan ediboşawçanedhe used to finish | bizboşawçan edikboşawçanekwe used to finish | sizboşawçan edigizboşawçanegizyou all used to finish | alaboşawçan edileboşawçanellethey used to finish |
| Habitual past (used to) | menboşamawçan edimboşamawçanemI didn't use to finish | senboşamawçan ediŋboşamawçaneŋyou didn't use to finish | olboşamawçan ediboşamawçanedhe didn't use to finish | bizboşamawçan edikboşamawçanekwe didn't use to finish | sizboşamawçan edigizboşamawçanegizyou all didn't use to finish | alaboşamawçan edileboşamawçanellethey didn't use to finish |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olboşab edihe had finished and remained so | alaboşab edilethey had finished and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olboşab tül edihe hadn't finished | alaboşab tül edilethey hadn't finished | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menboşab tura edimboşab turaemI had kept finishing | senboşab tura ediŋboşab turaeŋyou had kept finishing | olboşab tura ediboşab turaedhe had kept finishing | bizboşab tura edikboşab turaekwe had kept finishing | sizboşab tura edigizboşab turaegizyou all had kept finishing | alaboşab tura edileboşab turaellethey had kept finishing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menboşab turmay edimboşab turmayemI hadn't kept finishing | senboşab turmay ediŋboşab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept finishing | olboşab turmay ediboşab turmayedhe hadn't kept finishing | bizboşab turmay edikboşab turmayekwe hadn't kept finishing | sizboşab turmay edigizboşab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept finishing | alaboşab turmay edileboşab turmayellethey hadn't kept finishing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menboşay tura edimboşay turaemI was in the middle of finishing | senboşay tura ediŋboşay turaeŋyou were in the middle of finishing | olboşay tura ediboşay turaedhe was in the middle of finishing | bizboşay tura edikboşay turaekwe were in the middle of finishing | sizboşay tura edigizboşay turaegizyou all were in the middle of finishing | alaboşay tura edileboşay turaellethey were in the middle of finishing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menboşay turmay edimboşay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of finishing | senboşay turmay ediŋboşay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of finishing | olboşay turmay ediboşay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of finishing | bizboşay turmay edikboşay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of finishing | sizboşay turmay edigizboşay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of finishing | alaboşay turmay edileboşay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of finishing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menboşar edimboşar emI would finish | senboşar ediŋboşar eŋyou would finish | olboşar ediboşar edhe would finish | bizboşar edikboşar ekwe would finish | sizboşar edigizboşar egizyou all would finish | alaboşar edileboşar ellethey would finish |
| Conditional result (would) | menboşamaz edimboşamaz emI wouldn't finish | senboşamaz ediŋboşamaz eŋyou wouldn't finish | olboşamaz ediboşamaz edhe wouldn't finish | bizboşamaz edikboşamaz ekwe wouldn't finish | sizboşamaz edigizboşamaz egizyou all wouldn't finish | alaboşamaz edileboşamaz ellethey wouldn't finish |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menboşarıq edimboşarıq emI would have finished | senboşarıq ediŋboşarıq eŋyou would have finished | olboşarıq ediboşarıq edhe would have finished | bizboşarıq edikboşarıq ekwe would have finished | sizboşarıq edigizboşarıq egizyou all would have finished | alaboşarıq edileboşarıq ellethey would have finished |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menboşarıq tül edimboşarıq tül emI wouldn't have finished | senboşarıq tül ediŋboşarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have finished | olboşarıq tül ediboşarıq tül edhe wouldn't have finished | bizboşarıq tül edikboşarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have finished | sizboşarıq tül edigizboşarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have finished | alaboşarıq tül edileboşarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have finished |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menboşasamif I finish | senboşasaŋif you finish | olboşasaif he finishes | bizboşasaqif we finish | sizboşasağızif you all finish | alaboşasalaif they finish |
| Conditional | menboşamasamif I don't finish | senboşamasaŋif you don't finish | olboşamasaif he doesn't finish | bizboşamasaqif we don't finish | sizboşamasağızif you all don't finish | alaboşamasalaif they don't finish |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menboşay esemif I am finishing | senboşay eseŋif you are finishing | olboşay eseif he is finishing | bizboşay esekif we are finishing | sizboşay esegizif you all are finishing | alaboşay eseleif they are finishing |
| Conditional, present real | menboşamay esemif I am not finishing | senboşamay eseŋif you are not finishing | olboşamay eseif he is not finishing | bizboşamay esekif we are not finishing | sizboşamay esegizif you all are not finishing | alaboşamay eseleif they are not finishing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menboşasam ediboşasam edif only I finished | senboşasaŋ ediboşasaŋ edif only you finished | olboşasa ediboşasaedif only he finished | bizboşasaq ediboşasaq edif only we finished | sizboşasağız ediboşasağız edif only you all finished | alaboşasala ediboşasalaedif only they finished |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menboşamasam ediboşamasam edif only I didn't finish | senboşamasaŋ ediboşamasaŋ edif only you didn't finish | olboşamasa ediboşamasaedif only he didn't finish | bizboşamasaq ediboşamasaq edif only we didn't finish | sizboşamasağız ediboşamasağız edif only you all didn't finish | alaboşamasala ediboşamasalaedif only they didn't finish |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menboşab tursamif I carry on finishing | senboşab tursaŋif you carry on finishing | olboşab tursaif he carries on finishing | bizboşab tursaqif we carry on finishing | sizboşab tursağızif you all carry on finishing | alaboşab tursalaif they carry on finishing |
| Durative conditional | menboşab turmasamif I don't carry on finishing | senboşab turmasaŋif you don't carry on finishing | olboşab turmasaif he doesn't carry on finishing | bizboşab turmasaqif we don't carry on finishing | sizboşab turmasağızif you all don't carry on finishing | alaboşab turmasalaif they don't carry on finishing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menboşab tura esemif I have kept finishing | senboşab tura eseŋif you have kept finishing | olboşab tura eseif he has kept finishing | bizboşab tura esekif we have kept finishing | sizboşab tura esegizif you all have kept finishing | alaboşab tura eseleif they have kept finishing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menboşab turmay esemif I haven't kept finishing | senboşab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept finishing | olboşab turmay eseif he hasn't kept finishing | bizboşab turmay esekif we haven't kept finishing | sizboşab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept finishing | alaboşab turmay eseleif they haven't kept finishing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menboşay tursamif I keep finishing | senboşay tursaŋif you keep finishing | olboşay tursaif he keeps finishing | bizboşay tursaqif we keep finishing | sizboşay tursağızif you all keep finishing | alaboşay tursalaif they keep finishing |
| Progressive conditional | menboşamay tursamif I keep on not finishing | senboşamay tursaŋif you keep on not finishing | olboşamay tursaif he keeps on not finishing | bizboşamay tursaqif we keep on not finishing | sizboşamay tursağızif you all keep on not finishing | alaboşamay tursalaif they keep on not finishing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menboşay tura esemif I am in the middle of finishing | senboşay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of finishing | olboşay tura eseif he is in the middle of finishing | bizboşay tura esekif we are in the middle of finishing | sizboşay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of finishing | alaboşay tura eseleif they are in the middle of finishing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menboşamay tura esemif I keep on not finishing | senboşamay tura eseŋif you keep on not finishing | olboşamay tura eseif he keeps on not finishing | bizboşamay tura esekif we keep on not finishing | sizboşamay tura esegizif you all keep on not finishing | alaboşamay tura eseleif they keep on not finishing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menboşadım esemif I finished | senboşadıŋ eseŋif you finished | olboşadı eseif he finished | bizboşadıq esekif we finished | sizboşadığız esegizif you all finished | alaboşadıla eseleif they finished |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menboşamadım esemif I didn't finish | senboşamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't finish | olboşamadı eseif he didn't finish | bizboşamadıq esekif we didn't finish | sizboşamadığız esegizif you all didn't finish | alaboşamadıla eseleif they didn't finish |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menboşağan esemif I did finish (indeed) | senboşağan eseŋif you did finish (indeed) | olboşağan eseif he did finish (indeed) | bizboşağan esekif we did finish (indeed) | sizboşağan esegizif you all did finish (indeed) | alaboşağan eseleif they did finish (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menboşamağan esemif I didn't finish (indeed) | senboşamağan eseŋif you didn't finish (indeed) | olboşamağan eseif he didn't finish (indeed) | bizboşamağan esekif we didn't finish (indeed) | sizboşamağan esegizif you all didn't finish (indeed) | alaboşamağan eseleif they didn't finish (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menboşağan bolsamif I had finished | senboşağan bolsaŋif you had finished | olboşağan bolsaif he had finished | bizboşağan bolsaqif we had finished | sizboşağan bolsağızif you all had finished | alaboşağan bolsalaif they had finished |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menboşamağan bolsamif I hadn't finished | senboşamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't finished | olboşamağan bolsaif he hadn't finished | bizboşamağan bolsaqif we hadn't finished | sizboşamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't finished | alaboşamağan bolsalaif they hadn't finished |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menboşağan bolsam ediboşağan bolsam edif only I had finished | senboşağan bolsaŋ ediboşağan bolsaŋ edif only you had finished | olboşağan bolsa ediboşağan bolsaedif only he had finished | bizboşağan bolsaq ediboşağan bolsaq edif only we had finished | sizboşağan bolsağız ediboşağan bolsağız edif only you all had finished | alaboşağan bolsala ediboşağan bolsalaedif only they had finished |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menboşamağan bolsam ediboşamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't finished | senboşamağan bolsaŋ ediboşamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't finished | olboşamağan bolsa ediboşamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't finished | bizboşamağan bolsaq ediboşamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't finished | sizboşamağan bolsağız ediboşamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't finished | alaboşamağan bolsala ediboşamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't finished |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menboşar esemif I will finish | senboşar eseŋif you will finish | olboşar eseif he will finish | bizboşar esekif we will finish | sizboşar esegizif you all will finish | alaboşar eseleif they will finish |
| Conditional, aorist | menboşamaz esemif I won't finish | senboşamaz eseŋif you won't finish | olboşamaz eseif he won't finish | bizboşamaz esekif we won't finish | sizboşamaz esegizif you all won't finish | alaboşamaz eseleif they won't finish |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menboşarıq esemif I am going to finish | senboşarıq eseŋif you are going to finish | olboşarıq eseif he is going to finish | bizboşarıq esekif we are going to finish | sizboşarıq esegizif you all are going to finish | alaboşarıq eseleif they are going to finish |
| Conditional, future | menboşarıq tül esemif I am not going to finish | senboşarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to finish | olboşarıq tül eseif he is not going to finish | bizboşarıq tül esekif we are not going to finish | sizboşarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to finish | alaboşarıq tül eseleif they are not going to finish |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menboşarıq bolsamif I were going to finish | senboşarıq bolsaŋif you were going to finish | olboşarıq bolsaif he were going to finish | bizboşarıq bolsaqif we were going to finish | sizboşarıq bolsağızif you all were going to finish | alaboşarıq bolsalaif they were going to finish |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menboşamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to finish | senboşamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to finish | olboşamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to finish | bizboşamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to finish | sizboşamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to finish | alaboşamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to finish |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso boşadıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menboşay bolurmaI must be finishing | senboşay bolursayou must be finishing | olboşay bolurhe must be finishing | bizboşay bolurbuzwe must be finishing | sizboşay bolursuzyou all must be finishing | alaboşay bolurlathey must be finishing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menboşamay bolurmaI must not be finishing | senboşamay bolursayou must not be finishing | olboşamay bolurhe must not be finishing | bizboşamay bolurbuzwe must not be finishing | sizboşamay bolursuzyou all must not be finishing | alaboşamay bolurlathey must not be finishing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menboşay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of finishing | senboşay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of finishing | olboşay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of finishing | bizboşay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of finishing | sizboşay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of finishing | alaboşay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of finishing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menboşamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not finishing | senboşamay tura bolursayou must keep on not finishing | olboşamay tura bolurhe must keep on not finishing | bizboşamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not finishing | sizboşamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not finishing | alaboşamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not finishing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menboşağan bolurmaI must have finished | senboşağan bolursayou must have finished | olboşağan bolurhe must have finished | bizboşağan bolurbuzwe must have finished | sizboşağan bolursuzyou all must have finished | alaboşağan bolurlathey must have finished |
| Inference (must have) | menboşamağan bolurmaI must not have finished | senboşamağan bolursayou must not have finished | olboşamağan bolurhe must not have finished | bizboşamağan bolurbuzwe must not have finished | sizboşamağan bolursuzyou all must not have finished | alaboşamağan bolurlathey must not have finished |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menboşarıq bolurmaI must be going to finish | senboşarıq bolursayou must be going to finish | olboşarıq bolurhe must be going to finish | bizboşarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to finish | sizboşarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to finish | alaboşarıq bolurlathey must be going to finish |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menboşamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to finish | senboşamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to finish | olboşamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to finish | bizboşamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to finish | sizboşamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to finish | alaboşamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to finish |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menboşayımlet me finish | senboşa!finish! | olboşasınlet him finish | bizboşayıqlet's finish | sizboşağız!finish, you all! | alaboşasınlalet them finish |
| Commands & suggestions | menboşamayımlet me not finish | senboşama!don't finish! | olboşamasınlet him not finish | bizboşamayıqlet's not finish | sizboşamağız!don't finish, you all! | alaboşamasınlalet them not finish |
| Commands & suggestions | menboşayımmı?shall I finish? | olboşasınmı?should he finish? | bizboşayıqmı?shall we finish? | alaboşasınlamı?should they finish? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menboşamayımmı?shall I not finish? | olboşamasınmı?should he not finish? | bizboşamayıqmı?shall we not finish? | alaboşamasınlamı?should they not finish? | ||
| Requests | senboşaçı2boşaçınplease finish | olboşasınçıdo let him finish | sizboşaçığızplease finish (plural/polite) | alaboşasınlaçıdo let them finish | ||
| Requests | senboşamaçı2boşamaçınplease don't finish | olboşamasınçıdo let him not finish | sizboşamaçığızplease don't finish (plural/polite) | alaboşamasınlaçıdo let them not finish | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senboşağınboşağımay you finish | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senboşamağınboşamağımay you not finish | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menboşağay edim boşağa edimwould that I finished | senboşağay ediŋ boşağa ediŋwould that you finished | olboşağay edi boşağa ediwould that he finished | bizboşağay edik boşağa edikwould that we finished | sizboşağay edigiz boşağa edigizwould that you all finished | alaboşağay edile boşağa edilewould that they finished |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menboşamağay edim boşamağa edimwould that I did not finish | senboşamağay ediŋ boşamağa ediŋwould that you did not finish | olboşamağay edi boşamağa ediwould that he did not finish | bizboşamağay edik boşamağa edikwould that we did not finish | sizboşamağay edigiz boşamağa edigizwould that you all did not finish | alaboşamağay edile boşamağa edilewould that they did not finish |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menboşamağa qoyayımboşama qoyayımlet me allow someone to finish | senboşamağa qoy!boşama qoy!let someone finish! | olboşamağa qoysunboşama qoysunlet him allow someone to finish | bizboşamağa qoyayıqboşama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to finish | sizboşamağa qoyuğuz!boşama qoyuğuz!let someone finish, you all! | alaboşamağa qoysunlaboşama qoysunlalet them allow someone to finish |
| Let someone… (commands) | menboşamağa qoymayımboşama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to finish | senboşamağa qoyma!boşama qoyma!don't let someone finish! | olboşamağa qoymasınboşama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to finish | bizboşamağa qoymayıqboşama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to finish | sizboşamağa qoymağız!boşama qoymağız!don't let someone finish, you all! | alaboşamağa qoymasınlaboşama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to finish |
| Let someone… (commands) | menboşamağa qoyayımmı?boşama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to finish? | olboşamağa qoysunmu?boşama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to finish? | bizboşamağa qoyayıqmı?boşama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to finish? | alaboşamağa qoysunlamı?boşama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to finish? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menboşamağa qoymayımmı?boşama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to finish? | olboşamağa qoymasınmı?boşama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to finish? | bizboşamağa qoymayıqmı?boşama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to finish? | alaboşamağa qoymasınlamı?boşama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to finish? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menboşamağa qoyamaboşama qoyamaI allow someone to finish | senboşamağa qoyasaboşama qoyasayou allow someone to finish | olboşamağa qoyadıboşama qoyadıhe allows someone to finish | bizboşamağa qoyabızboşama qoyabızwe allow someone to finish | sizboşamağa qoyasızboşama qoyasızyou all allow someone to finish | alaboşamağa qoyadılaboşama qoyadılathey allow someone to finish |
| Let someone… (present) | menboşamağa qoymaymaboşama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to finish | senboşamağa qoymaysaboşama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to finish | olboşamağa qoymaydıboşama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to finish | bizboşamağa qoymaybızboşama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to finish | sizboşamağa qoymaysızboşama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to finish | alaboşamağa qoymaydılaboşama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to finish |
| Let someone… (present) | menboşamağa qoyamamı?boşama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to finish? | senboşamağa qoyamısa?boşama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to finish? | olboşamağa qoyamıdı?boşama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to finish? | bizboşamağa qoyabızmı?boşama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to finish? | sizboşamağa qoyamısız?boşama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to finish? | alaboşamağa qoyamıdıla?boşama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to finish? |
| Let someone… (present) | menboşamağa qoymaymamı?boşama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to finish? | senboşamağa qoymaymısa?boşama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to finish? | olboşamağa qoymaymıdı?boşama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to finish? | bizboşamağa qoymaybızmı?boşama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to finish? | sizboşamağa qoymaymısız?boşama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to finish? | alaboşamağa qoymaymıdıla?boşama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to finish? |
| Let someone… (past) | menboşamağa qoydumboşama qoydumI allowed someone to finish | senboşamağa qoyduŋboşama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to finish | olboşamağa qoyduboşama qoyduhe allowed someone to finish | bizboşamağa qoyduqboşama qoyduqwe allowed someone to finish | sizboşamağa qoyduğuzboşama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to finish | alaboşamağa qoydulaboşama qoydulathey allowed someone to finish |
| Let someone… (past) | menboşamağa qoymadımboşama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to finish | senboşamağa qoymadıŋboşama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to finish | olboşamağa qoymadıboşama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to finish | bizboşamağa qoymadıqboşama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to finish | sizboşamağa qoymadığızboşama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to finish | alaboşamağa qoymadılaboşama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to finish |
| Let someone… (past) | menboşamağa qoydummu?boşama qoydummu?did I allow someone to finish? | senboşamağa qoyduŋmu?boşama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to finish? | olboşamağa qoydumu?boşama qoydumu?did he allow someone to finish? | bizboşamağa qoyduqmu?boşama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to finish? | sizboşamağa qoyduğuzmu?boşama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to finish? | alaboşamağa qoydulamı?boşama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to finish? |
| Let someone… (past) | menboşamağa qoymadımmı?boşama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to finish? | senboşamağa qoymadıŋmı?boşama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to finish? | olboşamağa qoymadımı?boşama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to finish? | bizboşamağa qoymadıqmı?boşama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to finish? | sizboşamağa qoymadığızmı?boşama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to finish? | alaboşamağa qoymadılamı?boşama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to finish? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menboşayalamaI can finish | senboşayalasayou can finish | olboşayaladıhe can finish | bizboşayalabızwe can finish | sizboşayalasızyou all can finish | alaboşayaladılathey can finish |
| Ability — present | menboşayalmaymaI can't finish | senboşayalmaysayou can't finish | olboşayalmaydıhe can't finish | bizboşayalmaybızwe can't finish | sizboşayalmaysızyou all can't finish | alaboşayalmaydılathey can't finish |
| Ability — present | menboşayalamamı? boşayalamıma?can I finish? | senboşayalamısa?can you finish? | olboşayalamıdı?can he finish? | bizboşayalabızmı? boşayalamıbız?can we finish? | sizboşayalamısız?can you all finish? | alaboşayalamıdıla?can they finish? |
| Ability — present | menboşayalmaymamı? boşayalmaymıma?can't I finish? | senboşayalmaymısa?can't you finish? | olboşayalmaymıdı?can't he finish? | bizboşayalmaybızmı? boşayalmaymıbız?can't we finish? | sizboşayalmaymısız?can't you all finish? | alaboşayalmaymıdıla?can't they finish? |
| Ability — if I can… | menboşayalsamif I can finish | senboşayalsaŋif you can finish | olboşayalsaif he can finish | bizboşayalsaqif we can finish | sizboşayalsağızif you all can finish | alaboşayalsalaif they can finish |
| Ability — if I can… | menboşayalmasamif I can't finish | senboşayalmasaŋif you can't finish | olboşayalmasaif he can't finish | bizboşayalmasaqif we can't finish | sizboşayalmasağızif you all can't finish | alaboşayalmasalaif they can't finish |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menboşayaldımI was able to finish | senboşayaldıŋyou were able to finish | olboşayaldıhe was able to finish | bizboşayaldıqwe were able to finish | sizboşayaldığızyou all were able to finish | alaboşayaldılathey were able to finish |
| Ability — simple past | menboşayalmadımI could not finish | senboşayalmadıŋyou could not finish | olboşayalmadıhe could not finish | bizboşayalmadıqwe could not finish | sizboşayalmadığızyou all could not finish | alaboşayalmadılathey could not finish |
| Ability — simple past | menboşayaldımmı?was I able to finish? | senboşayaldıŋmı?were you able to finish? | olboşayaldımı?was he able to finish? | bizboşayaldıqmı?were we able to finish? | sizboşayaldığızmı?were you all able to finish? | alaboşayaldılamı?were they able to finish? |
| Ability — simple past | menboşayalmadımmı?couldn't I finish? | senboşayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you finish? | olboşayalmadımı?couldn't he finish? | bizboşayalmadıqmı?couldn't we finish? | sizboşayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all finish? | alaboşayalmadılamı?couldn't they finish? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menboşayalğanmaI have been able to finish | senboşayalğansayou have been able to finish | olboşayalğandıhe has been able to finish | bizboşayalğanbızwe have been able to finish | sizboşayalğansızyou all have been able to finish | alaboşayalğandılathey have been able to finish |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menboşayalmağanmaI haven't been able to finish | senboşayalmağansayou haven't been able to finish | olboşayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to finish | bizboşayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to finish | sizboşayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to finish | alaboşayalmağandılathey haven't been able to finish |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menboşayalğanmamı? boşayalğanmıma?have I been able to finish? | senboşayalğanmısa?have you been able to finish? | olboşayalğanmıdı?has he been able to finish? | bizboşayalğanbızmı? boşayalğanmıbız?have we been able to finish? | sizboşayalğanmısız?have you all been able to finish? | alaboşayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to finish? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menboşayalmağanmamı? boşayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to finish? | senboşayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to finish? | olboşayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to finish? | bizboşayalmağanbızmı? boşayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to finish? | sizboşayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to finish? | alaboşayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to finish? |
| Ability — past perfect | menboşayalğan edimboşayalğanemI had been able to finish | senboşayalğan ediŋboşayalğaneŋyou had been able to finish | olboşayalğan ediboşayalğanedhe had been able to finish | bizboşayalğan edikboşayalğanekwe had been able to finish | sizboşayalğan edigizboşayalğanegizyou all had been able to finish | alaboşayalğan edileboşayalğanellethey had been able to finish |
| Ability — past perfect | menboşayalmağan edimboşayalmağanemI hadn't been able to finish | senboşayalmağan ediŋboşayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to finish | olboşayalmağan ediboşayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to finish | bizboşayalmağan edikboşayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to finish | sizboşayalmağan edigizboşayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to finish | alaboşayalmağan edileboşayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to finish |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menboşayala edimboşayalaemI could finish | senboşayala ediŋboşayalaeŋyou could finish | olboşayala ediboşayalaedhe could finish | bizboşayala edikboşayalaekwe could finish | sizboşayala edigizboşayalaegizyou all could finish | alaboşayala edileboşayalaellethey could finish |
| Ability — past background | menboşayalmay edimboşayalmayemI could not finish | senboşayalmay ediŋboşayalmayeŋyou could not finish | olboşayalmay ediboşayalmayedhe could not finish | bizboşayalmay edikboşayalmayekwe could not finish | sizboşayalmay edigizboşayalmayegizyou all could not finish | alaboşayalmay edileboşayalmayellethey could not finish |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menboşayalırmaI will be able to finish | senboşayalırsayou will be able to finish | olboşayalırhe will be able to finish | bizboşayalırbızwe will be able to finish | sizboşayalırsızyou all will be able to finish | alaboşayalırlathey will be able to finish |
| Ability — future I | menboşayalmazmaI won't be able to finish | senboşayalmazsayou won't be able to finish | olboşayalmazhe won't be able to finish | bizboşayalmazbızwe won't be able to finish | sizboşayalmazsızyou all won't be able to finish | alaboşayalmazlathey won't be able to finish |
| Ability — future I | menboşayalırmamı? boşayalırmıma?will I be able to finish? | senboşayalırmısa?will you be able to finish? | olboşayalırmı?will he be able to finish? | bizboşayalırbızmı? boşayalırmıbız?will we be able to finish? | sizboşayalırmısız?will you all be able to finish? | alaboşayalırlamı? boşayalırmıla?will they be able to finish? |
| Ability — future I | menboşayalmazmamı? boşayalmazmıma?won't I be able to finish? | senboşayalmazmısa?won't you be able to finish? | olboşayalmazmı?won't he be able to finish? | bizboşayalmazbızmı? boşayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to finish? | sizboşayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to finish? | alaboşayalmazlamı? boşayalmazmıla?won't they be able to finish? |
| Ability — future II | menboşayallıqmaI am going to be able to finish | senboşayallıqsayou are going to be able to finish | olboşayallıqdıhe is going to be able to finish | bizboşayallıqbızwe are going to be able to finish | sizboşayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to finish | alaboşayallıqdılathey are going to be able to finish |
| Ability — future II | menboşayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to finish | senboşayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to finish | olboşayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to finish | bizboşayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to finish | sizboşayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to finish | alaboşayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to finish |
| Ability — future II | menboşayallıqmamı? boşayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to finish? | senboşayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to finish? | olboşayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to finish? | bizboşayallıqbızmı? boşayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to finish? | sizboşayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to finish? | alaboşayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to finish? |
| Ability — future II | menboşayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to finish? | senboşayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to finish? | olboşayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to finish? | bizboşayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to finish? | sizboşayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to finish? | alaboşayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to finish? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menboşayalır edimboşayalır emI would be able to finish | senboşayalır ediŋboşayalır eŋyou would be able to finish | olboşayalır ediboşayalır edhe would be able to finish | bizboşayalır edikboşayalır ekwe would be able to finish | sizboşayalır edigizboşayalır egizyou all would be able to finish | alaboşayalır edileboşayalır ellethey would be able to finish |
| Ability — would be able to… | menboşayalmaz edimboşayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to finish | senboşayalmaz ediŋboşayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to finish | olboşayalmaz ediboşayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to finish | bizboşayalmaz edikboşayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to finish | sizboşayalmaz edigizboşayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to finish | alaboşayalmaz edileboşayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to finish |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senboşayalğınboşayalğımay you be able to finish | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senboşayalmağınboşayalmağımay you not be able to finish | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menboşarğa izleymeI want to finish | senboşarğa izleyseyou want to finish | olboşarğa izleydihe wants to finish | bizboşarğa izleybizwe want to finish | sizboşarğa izleysizyou all want to finish | alaboşarğa izleydilethey want to finish |
| want to | menboşarğa izlemeymeI do not want to finish | senboşarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to finish | olboşarğa izlemeydihe does not want to finish | bizboşarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to finish | sizboşarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to finish | alaboşarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to finish |
| would like to | menboşarğa süemeI would like to finish | senboşarğa süeseyou would like to finish | olboşarğa süedihe would like to finish | bizboşarğa süebizwe would like to finish | sizboşarğa süesizyou all would like to finish | alaboşarğa süedilethey would like to finish |
| would like to | menboşarğa süymeymeI would not like to finish | senboşarğa süymeyseyou would not like to finish | olboşarğa süymeydihe would not like to finish | bizboşarğa süymeybizwe would not like to finish | sizboşarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to finish | alaboşarğa süymeydilethey would not like to finish |
| hope to | menboşarğa umutlanamaI hope to finish | senboşarğa umutlanasayou hope to finish | olboşarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to finish | bizboşarğa umutlanabızwe hope to finish | sizboşarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to finish | alaboşarğa umutlanadılathey hope to finish |
| hope to | menboşarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to finish | senboşarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to finish | olboşarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to finish | bizboşarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to finish | sizboşarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to finish | alaboşarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to finish |
| be about to | menboşarğa deb turamaI am about to finish | senboşarğa deb turasayou are about to finish | olboşarğa deb turadıhe is about to finish | bizboşarğa deb turabızwe are about to finish | sizboşarğa deb turasızyou all are about to finish | alaboşarğa deb turadılathey are about to finish |
| be about to | menboşarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to finish | senboşarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to finish | olboşarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to finish | bizboşarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to finish | sizboşarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to finish | alaboşarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to finish |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menboşarğa kerekmeI need to finish | senboşarğa kerekseyou need to finish | olboşarğa kerekdihe needs to finish | bizboşarğa kerekbizwe need to finish | sizboşarğa kereksizyou all need to finish | alaboşarğa kerekdilethey need to finish |
| need to | menboşarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to finish | senboşarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to finish | olboşarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to finish | bizboşarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to finish | sizboşarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to finish | alaboşarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to finish |
| have to | menmenŋe boşarğa tüşediI have to finish | sensenŋe boşarğa tüşediyou have to finish | olaŋa boşarğa tüşedihe has to finish | bizbizge boşarğa tüşediwe have to finish | sizsizge boşarğa tüşediyou all have to finish | alaalağa boşarğa tüşedithey have to finish |
| have to | menmenŋe boşarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to finish | sensenŋe boşarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to finish | olaŋa boşarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to finish | bizbizge boşarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to finish | sizsizge boşarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to finish | alaalağa boşarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to finish |
| be obliged to | menboşarğa borçlumaI am obliged to finish | senboşarğa borçlusayou are obliged to finish | olboşarğa borçluduhe is obliged to finish | bizboşarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to finish | sizboşarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to finish | alaboşarğa borçludulathey are obliged to finish |
| be obliged to | menboşarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to finish | senboşarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to finish | olboşarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to finish | bizboşarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to finish | sizboşarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to finish | alaboşarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to finish |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menboşarğa madarım bardıI have a way to finish | senboşarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to finish | olboşarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to finish | bizboşarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to finish | sizboşarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to finish | alaboşarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to finish |
| have a way to | menboşarğa madarım joqduI have no way to finish | senboşarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to finish | olboşarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to finish | bizboşarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to finish | sizboşarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to finish | alaboşarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to finish |
| be free to | menboşarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to finish | senboşarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to finish | olboşarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to finish | bizboşarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to finish | sizboşarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to finish | alaboşarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to finish |
| be free to | menboşarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to finish | senboşarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to finish | olboşarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to finish | bizboşarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to finish | sizboşarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to finish | alaboşarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to finish |
| be possible to | menmenŋe boşarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to finish | sensenŋe boşarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to finish | olaŋa boşarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to finish | bizbizge boşarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to finish | sizsizge boşarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to finish | alaalağa boşarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to finish |
| be possible to | menmenŋe boşarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to finish | sensenŋe boşarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to finish | olaŋa boşarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to finish | bizbizge boşarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to finish | sizsizge boşarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to finish | alaalağa boşarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to finish |
| be ready to | menboşarğa hazırmaI am ready to finish | senboşarğa hazırsayou are ready to finish | olboşarğa hazırdıhe is ready to finish | bizboşarğa hazırbızwe are ready to finish | sizboşarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to finish | alaboşarğa hazırdılathey are ready to finish |
| be ready to | menboşarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to finish | senboşarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to finish | olboşarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to finish | bizboşarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to finish | sizboşarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to finish | alaboşarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to finish |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menboşarğa küreşemeI am trying to finish | senboşarğa küreşeseyou are trying to finish | olboşarğa küreşedihe is trying to finish | bizboşarğa küreşebizwe are trying to finish | sizboşarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to finish | alaboşarğa küreşedilethey are trying to finish |
| try to | menboşarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to finish | senboşarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to finish | olboşarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to finish | bizboşarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to finish | sizboşarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to finish | alaboşarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to finish |
| agree to | menboşarğa unaymaI agree to finish | senboşarğa unaysayou agree to finish | olboşarğa unaydıhe agrees to finish | bizboşarğa unaybızwe agree to finish | sizboşarğa unaysızyou all agree to finish | alaboşarğa unaydılathey agree to finish |
| agree to | menboşarğa unamaymaI refuse to finish | senboşarğa unamaysayou refuse to finish | olboşarğa unamaydıhe refuses to finish | bizboşarğa unamaybızwe refuse to finish | sizboşarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to finish | alaboşarğa unamaydılathey refuse to finish |
| hurry to | menboşarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to finish | senboşarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to finish | olboşarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to finish | bizboşarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to finish | sizboşarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to finish | alaboşarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to finish |
| hurry to | menboşarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to finish | senboşarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to finish | olboşarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to finish | bizboşarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to finish | sizboşarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to finish | alaboşarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to finish |
| be afraid to | menboşarğa qorqamaI am afraid to finish | senboşarğa qorqasayou are afraid to finish | olboşarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to finish | bizboşarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to finish | sizboşarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to finish | alaboşarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to finish |
| be afraid to | menboşarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to finish | senboşarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to finish | olboşarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to finish | bizboşarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to finish | sizboşarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to finish | alaboşarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to finish |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menboşay bolmazmaI can't be finishing | senboşay bolmazsayou can't be finishing | olboşay bolmazhe can't be finishing | bizboşay bolmazbızwe can't be finishing | sizboşay bolmazsızyou all can't be finishing | alaboşay bolmazlathey can't be finishing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menboşamay bolmazmaI must be finishing (emphatic) | senboşamay bolmazsayou must be finishing (emphatic) | olboşamay bolmazhe must be finishing (emphatic) | bizboşamay bolmazbızwe must be finishing (emphatic) | sizboşamay bolmazsızyou all must be finishing (emphatic) | alaboşamay bolmazlathey must be finishing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menboşay turmasamif I don't keep finishing | senboşay turmasaŋif you don't keep finishing | olboşay turmasaif he doesn't keep finishing | bizboşay turmasaqif we don't keep finishing | sizboşay turmasağızif you all don't keep finishing | alaboşay turmasalaif they don't keep finishing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menboşay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of finishing | senboşay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of finishing | olboşay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of finishing | bizboşay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of finishing | sizboşay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of finishing | alaboşay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of finishing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menboşamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not finishing (emphatic) | senboşamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not finishing (emphatic) | olboşamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not finishing (emphatic) | bizboşamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not finishing (emphatic) | sizboşamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not finishing (emphatic) | alaboşamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not finishing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menboşamay turamaI keep on not finishing | senboşamay turasayou keep on not finishing | olboşamay turadıhe keeps on not finishing | bizboşamay turabızwe keep on not finishing | sizboşamay turasızyou all keep on not finishing | alaboşamay turadılathey keep on not finishing |
| Progressive — double negation | menboşamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not finishing | senboşamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not finishing | olboşamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not finishing | bizboşamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not finishing | sizboşamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not finishing | alaboşamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not finishing |
| Progressive — double negation | menboşamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not finishing? | senboşamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not finishing? | olboşamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not finishing? | bizboşamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not finishing? | sizboşamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not finishing? | alaboşamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not finishing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menboşağan bolmazmaI can't have finished | senboşağan bolmazsayou can't have finished | olboşağan bolmazhe can't have finished | bizboşağan bolmazbızwe can't have finished | sizboşağan bolmazsızyou all can't have finished | alaboşağan bolmazlathey can't have finished |
| Inference — double negation | menboşamağan bolmazmaI must have finished (emphatic) | senboşamağan bolmazsayou must have finished (emphatic) | olboşamağan bolmazhe must have finished (emphatic) | bizboşamağan bolmazbızwe must have finished (emphatic) | sizboşamağan bolmazsızyou all must have finished (emphatic) | alaboşamağan bolmazlathey must have finished (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menboşağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had finished | senboşağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had finished | olboşağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had finished | bizboşağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had finished | sizboşağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had finished | alaboşağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had finished |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menboşamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't finished | senboşamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't finished | olboşamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't finished | bizboşamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't finished | sizboşamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't finished | alaboşamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't finished |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menboşarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to finish | senboşarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to finish | olboşarıq bolmazhe can't be going to finish | bizboşarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to finish | sizboşarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to finish | alaboşarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to finish |
| Inference, future — double negation | menboşamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to finish (emphatic) | senboşamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to finish (emphatic) | olboşamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to finish (emphatic) | bizboşamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to finish (emphatic) | sizboşamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to finish (emphatic) | alaboşamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to finish (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menboşarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to finish | senboşarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to finish | olboşarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to finish | bizboşarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to finish | sizboşarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to finish | alaboşarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to finish |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menboşamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to finish | senboşamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to finish | olboşamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to finish | bizboşamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to finish | sizboşamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to finish | alaboşamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to finish |