başlarğa
/baʃlarʁa/
1. begin, start, set about, take up
- iş başlarğa — to begin a piece of work
- söz başlarğa — to start a conversation
- oyun başlarğa — to start a game
- jaŋıdan başlarğa — to start over
- neden başlarğa bilmeyme — I don't know where to begin
- jıyılıwnu başlarğa — to open the meeting
- jaŋı başlağan jazıwçu — a beginning writer
- biz başlaybız — we are beginning
2. start using, start on, broach
- gardoş maşoknu başlarğa — to start on a sack of potatoes
- bal bankanı başladıq — we started on the jar of honey
- başlanŋan maşok un — a sack of flour already broached
- jaŋı kitabnı başlarğa — to start a new book
3. begin to do something, start doing something — Used as an auxiliary after a converb or the infinitive of another verb, as in oqub başladı "began to read" and qaraŋı bola başladı "it began to get dark". With the converb ending in a vowel it can also mean being about to start an action.
- oqub başlarğa — to begin to read
- külüb başladı — he began to laugh
- men jazıb başladım — I began to write
- ala kele başladıla — they began to arrive
- gokka hansla çağıb başladıla — the flowers began to bloom
- qaray başladı — he began to examine
- söleşe başlarğa — to begin to speak
- aytırğa başladı — he began to say
4. start from, begin from — Used as the converb başlab after a noun in the ablative, as in bügünden başlab "from today on".
- bügünden başlab — starting from today
- tambladan başlab — starting from tomorrow
- ol künden başlab — from that day on
- bu aydan başlab — from this month on
- ertdenden başlab — from the morning on
- haparnı allından başlab — from the beginning of the story
Conjugation
Common forms
- başlaydıhe is beginning
- başladıhe began
- başlağandıhe has begun
- başlarhe will begin
- başlarıqdıhe is going to begin
- başlay edihe was beginning
- başlasaif he begins
- başla!begin!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbaşlaymaI am beginning | senbaşlaysayou are beginning | olbaşlaydıhe is beginning | bizbaşlaybızwe are beginning | sizbaşlaysızyou all are beginning | alabaşlaydılathey are beginning |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbaşlamaymaI am not beginning | senbaşlamaysayou are not beginning | olbaşlamaydıhe is not beginning | bizbaşlamaybızwe are not beginning | sizbaşlamaysızyou all are not beginning | alabaşlamaydılathey are not beginning |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbaşlaymamı? başlaymıma?am I beginning? | senbaşlaymısa?are you beginning? | olbaşlaymıdı?is he beginning? | bizbaşlaybızmı? başlaymıbız?are we beginning? | sizbaşlaymısız?are you all beginning? | alabaşlaymıdıla?are they beginning? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbaşlamaymamı? başlamaymıma?aren't I beginning? | senbaşlamaymısa?aren't you beginning? | olbaşlamaymıdı?isn't he beginning? | bizbaşlamaybızmı? başlamaymıbız?aren't we beginning? | sizbaşlamaymısız?aren't you all beginning? | alabaşlamaymıdıla?aren't they beginning? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbaşlawçanmaI usually begin | senbaşlawçansayou usually begin | olbaşlawçandıhe usually begins | bizbaşlawçanbızwe usually begin | sizbaşlawçansızyou all usually begin | alabaşlawçandılathey usually begin |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbaşlamawçanmaI usually don't begin | senbaşlamawçansayou usually don't begin | olbaşlamawçandıhe usually doesn't begin | bizbaşlamawçanbızwe usually don't begin | sizbaşlamawçansızyou all usually don't begin | alabaşlamawçandılathey usually don't begin |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbaşlawçanmamı? başlawçanmıma?do I usually begin? | senbaşlawçanmısa?do you usually begin? | olbaşlawçanmıdı?does he usually begin? | bizbaşlawçanbızmı? başlawçanmıbız?do we usually begin? | sizbaşlawçanmısız?do you all usually begin? | alabaşlawçanmıdıla?do they usually begin? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbaşlamawçanmamı? başlamawçanmıma?do I usually not begin? | senbaşlamawçanmısa?do you usually not begin? | olbaşlamawçanmıdı?does he usually not begin? | bizbaşlamawçanbızmı? başlamawçanmıbız?do we usually not begin? | sizbaşlamawçanmısız?do you all usually not begin? | alabaşlamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not begin? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olbaşlabdıhe has begun and remains so | alabaşlabdılathey have begun and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olbaşlabmıdı?has he begun? | alabaşlabmıdıla?have they begun? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbaşlab turamaI keep beginning | senbaşlab turasayou keep beginning | olbaşlab turadıhe keeps beginning | bizbaşlab turabızwe keep beginning | sizbaşlab turasızyou all keep beginning | alabaşlab turadılathey keep beginning |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbaşlab turmaymaI don't keep beginning | senbaşlab turmaysayou don't keep beginning | olbaşlab turmaydıhe doesn't keep beginning | bizbaşlab turmaybızwe don't keep beginning | sizbaşlab turmaysızyou all don't keep beginning | alabaşlab turmaydılathey don't keep beginning |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbaşlab turamamı? başlab turamıma?do I keep beginning? | senbaşlab turamısa?do you keep beginning? | olbaşlab turamıdı?does he keep beginning? | bizbaşlab turabızmı? başlab turamıbız?do we keep beginning? | sizbaşlab turamısız?do you all keep beginning? | alabaşlab turamıdıla?do they keep beginning? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbaşlab turmaymamı? başlab turmaymıma?don't I keep beginning? | senbaşlab turmaymısa?don't you keep beginning? | olbaşlab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep beginning? | bizbaşlab turmaybızmı? başlab turmaymıbız?don't we keep beginning? | sizbaşlab turmaymısız?don't you all keep beginning? | alabaşlab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep beginning? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbaşlay turamaI am in the middle of beginning | senbaşlay turasayou are in the middle of beginning | olbaşlay turadıhe is in the middle of beginning | bizbaşlay turabızwe are in the middle of beginning | sizbaşlay turasızyou all are in the middle of beginning | alabaşlay turadılathey are in the middle of beginning |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbaşlay turmaymaI am not in the middle of beginning | senbaşlay turmaysayou are not in the middle of beginning | olbaşlay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of beginning | bizbaşlay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of beginning | sizbaşlay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of beginning | alabaşlay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of beginning |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbaşlay turamamı? başlay turamıma?am I in the middle of beginning? | senbaşlay turamısa?are you in the middle of beginning? | olbaşlay turamıdı?is he in the middle of beginning? | bizbaşlay turabızmı? başlay turamıbız?are we in the middle of beginning? | sizbaşlay turamısız?are you all in the middle of beginning? | alabaşlay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of beginning? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbaşlay turmaymamı? başlay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of beginning? | senbaşlay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of beginning? | olbaşlay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of beginning? | bizbaşlay turmaybızmı? başlay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of beginning? | sizbaşlay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of beginning? | alabaşlay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of beginning? |
| Simple past (definite) | menbaşladımI began | senbaşladıŋyou began | olbaşladıhe began | bizbaşladıqwe began | sizbaşladığızyou all began | alabaşladılathey began |
| Simple past (definite) | menbaşlamadımI didn't begin | senbaşlamadıŋyou didn't begin | olbaşlamadıhe didn't begin | bizbaşlamadıqwe didn't begin | sizbaşlamadığızyou all didn't begin | alabaşlamadılathey didn't begin |
| Simple past (definite) | menbaşladımmı?did I begin? | senbaşladıŋmı?did you begin? | olbaşladımı?did he begin? | bizbaşladıqmı?did we begin? | sizbaşladığızmı?did you all begin? | alabaşladılamı?did they begin? |
| Simple past (definite) | menbaşlamadımmı?didn't I begin? | senbaşlamadıŋmı?didn't you begin? | olbaşlamadımı?didn't he begin? | bizbaşlamadıqmı?didn't we begin? | sizbaşlamadığızmı?didn't you all begin? | alabaşlamadılamı?didn't they begin? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbaşlağanmaI have begun | senbaşlağansayou have begun | olbaşlağandıhe has begun | bizbaşlağanbızwe have begun | sizbaşlağansızyou all have begun | alabaşlağandılathey have begun |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbaşlamağanmaI haven't begun | senbaşlamağansayou haven't begun | olbaşlamağandıhe hasn't begun | bizbaşlamağanbızwe haven't begun | sizbaşlamağansızyou all haven't begun | alabaşlamağandılathey haven't begun |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbaşlağanmamı? başlağanmıma?have I begun? | senbaşlağanmısa?have you begun? | olbaşlağanmıdı?has he begun? | bizbaşlağanbızmı? başlağanmıbız?have we begun? | sizbaşlağanmısız?have you all begun? | alabaşlağanmıdıla?have they begun? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbaşlamağanmamı? başlamağanmıma?haven't I begun? | senbaşlamağanmısa?haven't you begun? | olbaşlamağanmıdı?hasn't he begun? | bizbaşlamağanbızmı? başlamağanmıbız?haven't we begun? | sizbaşlamağanmısız?haven't you all begun? | alabaşlamağanmıdıla?haven't they begun? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menbaşlab turdumI kept beginning | senbaşlab turduŋyou kept beginning | olbaşlab turduhe kept beginning | bizbaşlab turduqwe kept beginning | sizbaşlab turduğuzyou all kept beginning | alabaşlab turdulathey kept beginning |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menbaşlab turmadımI didn't keep beginning | senbaşlab turmadıŋyou didn't keep beginning | olbaşlab turmadıhe didn't keep beginning | bizbaşlab turmadıqwe didn't keep beginning | sizbaşlab turmadığızyou all didn't keep beginning | alabaşlab turmadılathey didn't keep beginning |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbaşlarmaI will begin | senbaşlarsayou will begin | olbaşlarhe will begin | bizbaşlarbızwe will begin | sizbaşlarsızyou all will begin | alabaşlarlathey will begin |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbaşlamazmaI won't begin | senbaşlamazsayou won't begin | olbaşlamazhe won't begin | bizbaşlamazbızwe won't begin | sizbaşlamazsızyou all won't begin | alabaşlamazlathey won't begin |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbaşlarmamı? başlarmıma?will I begin? | senbaşlarmısa?will you begin? | olbaşlarmı?will he begin? | bizbaşlarbızmı? başlarmıbız?will we begin? | sizbaşlarmısız?will you all begin? | alabaşlarlamı? başlarmıla?will they begin? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbaşlamazmamı? başlamazmıma?won't I begin? | senbaşlamazmısa?won't you begin? | olbaşlamazmı?won't he begin? | bizbaşlamazbızmı? başlamazmıbız?won't we begin? | sizbaşlamazmısız?won't you all begin? | alabaşlamazlamı? başlamazmıla?won't they begin? |
| Definite future (future II) | menbaşlarıqmaI am going to begin | senbaşlarıqsayou are going to begin | olbaşlarıqdıhe is going to begin | bizbaşlarıqbızwe are going to begin | sizbaşlarıqsızyou all are going to begin | alabaşlarıqdılathey are going to begin |
| Definite future (future II) | menbaşlarıq tülmeI am not going to begin | senbaşlarıq tülseyou are not going to begin | olbaşlarıq tüldühe is not going to begin | bizbaşlarıq tülbüzwe are not going to begin | sizbaşlarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to begin | alabaşlarıq tüldülethey are not going to begin |
| Definite future (future II) | menbaşlarıqmamı? başlarıqmıma?am I going to begin? | senbaşlarıqmısa?are you going to begin? | olbaşlarıqmıdı?is he going to begin? | bizbaşlarıqbızmı? başlarıqmıbız?are we going to begin? | sizbaşlarıqmısız?are you all going to begin? | alabaşlarıqmıdıla?are they going to begin? |
| Definite future (future II) | menbaşlarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to begin? | senbaşlarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to begin? | olbaşlarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to begin? | bizbaşlarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to begin? | sizbaşlarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to begin? | alabaşlarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to begin? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbaşlağan edimbaşlağanemI had begun | senbaşlağan ediŋbaşlağaneŋyou had begun | olbaşlağan edibaşlağanedhe had begun | bizbaşlağan edikbaşlağanekwe had begun | sizbaşlağan edigizbaşlağanegizyou all had begun | alabaşlağan edilebaşlağanellethey had begun |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbaşlamağan edimbaşlamağanemI hadn't begun | senbaşlamağan ediŋbaşlamağaneŋyou hadn't begun | olbaşlamağan edibaşlamağanedhe hadn't begun | bizbaşlamağan edikbaşlamağanekwe hadn't begun | sizbaşlamağan edigizbaşlamağanegizyou all hadn't begun | alabaşlamağan edilebaşlamağanellethey hadn't begun |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbaşlay edimbaşlayemI was beginning | senbaşlay ediŋbaşlayeŋyou were beginning | olbaşlay edibaşlayedhe was beginning | bizbaşlay edikbaşlayekwe were beginning | sizbaşlay edigizbaşlayegizyou all were beginning | alabaşlay edilebaşlayellethey were beginning |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbaşlamay edimbaşlamayemI wasn't beginning | senbaşlamay ediŋbaşlamayeŋyou weren't beginning | olbaşlamay edibaşlamayedhe wasn't beginning | bizbaşlamay edikbaşlamayekwe weren't beginning | sizbaşlamay edigizbaşlamayegizyou all weren't beginning | alabaşlamay edilebaşlamayellethey weren't beginning |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menbaşlawçan edimbaşlawçanemI used to begin | senbaşlawçan ediŋbaşlawçaneŋyou used to begin | olbaşlawçan edibaşlawçanedhe used to begin | bizbaşlawçan edikbaşlawçanekwe used to begin | sizbaşlawçan edigizbaşlawçanegizyou all used to begin | alabaşlawçan edilebaşlawçanellethey used to begin |
| Habitual past (used to) | menbaşlamawçan edimbaşlamawçanemI didn't use to begin | senbaşlamawçan ediŋbaşlamawçaneŋyou didn't use to begin | olbaşlamawçan edibaşlamawçanedhe didn't use to begin | bizbaşlamawçan edikbaşlamawçanekwe didn't use to begin | sizbaşlamawçan edigizbaşlamawçanegizyou all didn't use to begin | alabaşlamawçan edilebaşlamawçanellethey didn't use to begin |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olbaşlab edihe had begun and remained so | alabaşlab edilethey had begun and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olbaşlab tül edihe hadn't begun | alabaşlab tül edilethey hadn't begun | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menbaşlab tura edimbaşlab turaemI had kept beginning | senbaşlab tura ediŋbaşlab turaeŋyou had kept beginning | olbaşlab tura edibaşlab turaedhe had kept beginning | bizbaşlab tura edikbaşlab turaekwe had kept beginning | sizbaşlab tura edigizbaşlab turaegizyou all had kept beginning | alabaşlab tura edilebaşlab turaellethey had kept beginning |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menbaşlab turmay edimbaşlab turmayemI hadn't kept beginning | senbaşlab turmay ediŋbaşlab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept beginning | olbaşlab turmay edibaşlab turmayedhe hadn't kept beginning | bizbaşlab turmay edikbaşlab turmayekwe hadn't kept beginning | sizbaşlab turmay edigizbaşlab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept beginning | alabaşlab turmay edilebaşlab turmayellethey hadn't kept beginning |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbaşlay tura edimbaşlay turaemI was in the middle of beginning | senbaşlay tura ediŋbaşlay turaeŋyou were in the middle of beginning | olbaşlay tura edibaşlay turaedhe was in the middle of beginning | bizbaşlay tura edikbaşlay turaekwe were in the middle of beginning | sizbaşlay tura edigizbaşlay turaegizyou all were in the middle of beginning | alabaşlay tura edilebaşlay turaellethey were in the middle of beginning |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbaşlay turmay edimbaşlay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of beginning | senbaşlay turmay ediŋbaşlay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of beginning | olbaşlay turmay edibaşlay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of beginning | bizbaşlay turmay edikbaşlay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of beginning | sizbaşlay turmay edigizbaşlay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of beginning | alabaşlay turmay edilebaşlay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of beginning |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menbaşlar edimbaşlar emI would begin | senbaşlar ediŋbaşlar eŋyou would begin | olbaşlar edibaşlar edhe would begin | bizbaşlar edikbaşlar ekwe would begin | sizbaşlar edigizbaşlar egizyou all would begin | alabaşlar edilebaşlar ellethey would begin |
| Conditional result (would) | menbaşlamaz edimbaşlamaz emI wouldn't begin | senbaşlamaz ediŋbaşlamaz eŋyou wouldn't begin | olbaşlamaz edibaşlamaz edhe wouldn't begin | bizbaşlamaz edikbaşlamaz ekwe wouldn't begin | sizbaşlamaz edigizbaşlamaz egizyou all wouldn't begin | alabaşlamaz edilebaşlamaz ellethey wouldn't begin |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menbaşlarıq edimbaşlarıq emI would have begun | senbaşlarıq ediŋbaşlarıq eŋyou would have begun | olbaşlarıq edibaşlarıq edhe would have begun | bizbaşlarıq edikbaşlarıq ekwe would have begun | sizbaşlarıq edigizbaşlarıq egizyou all would have begun | alabaşlarıq edilebaşlarıq ellethey would have begun |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menbaşlarıq tül edimbaşlarıq tül emI wouldn't have begun | senbaşlarıq tül ediŋbaşlarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have begun | olbaşlarıq tül edibaşlarıq tül edhe wouldn't have begun | bizbaşlarıq tül edikbaşlarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have begun | sizbaşlarıq tül edigizbaşlarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have begun | alabaşlarıq tül edilebaşlarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have begun |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menbaşlasamif I begin | senbaşlasaŋif you begin | olbaşlasaif he begins | bizbaşlasaqif we begin | sizbaşlasağızif you all begin | alabaşlasalaif they begin |
| Conditional | menbaşlamasamif I don't begin | senbaşlamasaŋif you don't begin | olbaşlamasaif he doesn't begin | bizbaşlamasaqif we don't begin | sizbaşlamasağızif you all don't begin | alabaşlamasalaif they don't begin |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menbaşlay esemif I am beginning | senbaşlay eseŋif you are beginning | olbaşlay eseif he is beginning | bizbaşlay esekif we are beginning | sizbaşlay esegizif you all are beginning | alabaşlay eseleif they are beginning |
| Conditional, present real | menbaşlamay esemif I am not beginning | senbaşlamay eseŋif you are not beginning | olbaşlamay eseif he is not beginning | bizbaşlamay esekif we are not beginning | sizbaşlamay esegizif you all are not beginning | alabaşlamay eseleif they are not beginning |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbaşlasam edibaşlasam edif only I began | senbaşlasaŋ edibaşlasaŋ edif only you began | olbaşlasa edibaşlasaedif only he began | bizbaşlasaq edibaşlasaq edif only we began | sizbaşlasağız edibaşlasağız edif only you all began | alabaşlasala edibaşlasalaedif only they began |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbaşlamasam edibaşlamasam edif only I didn't begin | senbaşlamasaŋ edibaşlamasaŋ edif only you didn't begin | olbaşlamasa edibaşlamasaedif only he didn't begin | bizbaşlamasaq edibaşlamasaq edif only we didn't begin | sizbaşlamasağız edibaşlamasağız edif only you all didn't begin | alabaşlamasala edibaşlamasalaedif only they didn't begin |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menbaşlab tursamif I carry on beginning | senbaşlab tursaŋif you carry on beginning | olbaşlab tursaif he carries on beginning | bizbaşlab tursaqif we carry on beginning | sizbaşlab tursağızif you all carry on beginning | alabaşlab tursalaif they carry on beginning |
| Durative conditional | menbaşlab turmasamif I don't carry on beginning | senbaşlab turmasaŋif you don't carry on beginning | olbaşlab turmasaif he doesn't carry on beginning | bizbaşlab turmasaqif we don't carry on beginning | sizbaşlab turmasağızif you all don't carry on beginning | alabaşlab turmasalaif they don't carry on beginning |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menbaşlab tura esemif I have kept beginning | senbaşlab tura eseŋif you have kept beginning | olbaşlab tura eseif he has kept beginning | bizbaşlab tura esekif we have kept beginning | sizbaşlab tura esegizif you all have kept beginning | alabaşlab tura eseleif they have kept beginning |
| Durative conditional, present real | menbaşlab turmay esemif I haven't kept beginning | senbaşlab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept beginning | olbaşlab turmay eseif he hasn't kept beginning | bizbaşlab turmay esekif we haven't kept beginning | sizbaşlab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept beginning | alabaşlab turmay eseleif they haven't kept beginning |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menbaşlay tursamif I keep beginning | senbaşlay tursaŋif you keep beginning | olbaşlay tursaif he keeps beginning | bizbaşlay tursaqif we keep beginning | sizbaşlay tursağızif you all keep beginning | alabaşlay tursalaif they keep beginning |
| Progressive conditional | menbaşlamay tursamif I keep on not beginning | senbaşlamay tursaŋif you keep on not beginning | olbaşlamay tursaif he keeps on not beginning | bizbaşlamay tursaqif we keep on not beginning | sizbaşlamay tursağızif you all keep on not beginning | alabaşlamay tursalaif they keep on not beginning |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbaşlay tura esemif I am in the middle of beginning | senbaşlay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of beginning | olbaşlay tura eseif he is in the middle of beginning | bizbaşlay tura esekif we are in the middle of beginning | sizbaşlay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of beginning | alabaşlay tura eseleif they are in the middle of beginning |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbaşlamay tura esemif I keep on not beginning | senbaşlamay tura eseŋif you keep on not beginning | olbaşlamay tura eseif he keeps on not beginning | bizbaşlamay tura esekif we keep on not beginning | sizbaşlamay tura esegizif you all keep on not beginning | alabaşlamay tura eseleif they keep on not beginning |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menbaşladım esemif I began | senbaşladıŋ eseŋif you began | olbaşladı eseif he began | bizbaşladıq esekif we began | sizbaşladığız esegizif you all began | alabaşladıla eseleif they began |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menbaşlamadım esemif I didn't begin | senbaşlamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't begin | olbaşlamadı eseif he didn't begin | bizbaşlamadıq esekif we didn't begin | sizbaşlamadığız esegizif you all didn't begin | alabaşlamadıla eseleif they didn't begin |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menbaşlağan esemif I did begin (indeed) | senbaşlağan eseŋif you did begin (indeed) | olbaşlağan eseif he did begin (indeed) | bizbaşlağan esekif we did begin (indeed) | sizbaşlağan esegizif you all did begin (indeed) | alabaşlağan eseleif they did begin (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menbaşlamağan esemif I didn't begin (indeed) | senbaşlamağan eseŋif you didn't begin (indeed) | olbaşlamağan eseif he didn't begin (indeed) | bizbaşlamağan esekif we didn't begin (indeed) | sizbaşlamağan esegizif you all didn't begin (indeed) | alabaşlamağan eseleif they didn't begin (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbaşlağan bolsamif I had begun | senbaşlağan bolsaŋif you had begun | olbaşlağan bolsaif he had begun | bizbaşlağan bolsaqif we had begun | sizbaşlağan bolsağızif you all had begun | alabaşlağan bolsalaif they had begun |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbaşlamağan bolsamif I hadn't begun | senbaşlamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't begun | olbaşlamağan bolsaif he hadn't begun | bizbaşlamağan bolsaqif we hadn't begun | sizbaşlamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't begun | alabaşlamağan bolsalaif they hadn't begun |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbaşlağan bolsam edibaşlağan bolsam edif only I had begun | senbaşlağan bolsaŋ edibaşlağan bolsaŋ edif only you had begun | olbaşlağan bolsa edibaşlağan bolsaedif only he had begun | bizbaşlağan bolsaq edibaşlağan bolsaq edif only we had begun | sizbaşlağan bolsağız edibaşlağan bolsağız edif only you all had begun | alabaşlağan bolsala edibaşlağan bolsalaedif only they had begun |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbaşlamağan bolsam edibaşlamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't begun | senbaşlamağan bolsaŋ edibaşlamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't begun | olbaşlamağan bolsa edibaşlamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't begun | bizbaşlamağan bolsaq edibaşlamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't begun | sizbaşlamağan bolsağız edibaşlamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't begun | alabaşlamağan bolsala edibaşlamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't begun |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menbaşlar esemif I will begin | senbaşlar eseŋif you will begin | olbaşlar eseif he will begin | bizbaşlar esekif we will begin | sizbaşlar esegizif you all will begin | alabaşlar eseleif they will begin |
| Conditional, aorist | menbaşlamaz esemif I won't begin | senbaşlamaz eseŋif you won't begin | olbaşlamaz eseif he won't begin | bizbaşlamaz esekif we won't begin | sizbaşlamaz esegizif you all won't begin | alabaşlamaz eseleif they won't begin |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menbaşlarıq esemif I am going to begin | senbaşlarıq eseŋif you are going to begin | olbaşlarıq eseif he is going to begin | bizbaşlarıq esekif we are going to begin | sizbaşlarıq esegizif you all are going to begin | alabaşlarıq eseleif they are going to begin |
| Conditional, future | menbaşlarıq tül esemif I am not going to begin | senbaşlarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to begin | olbaşlarıq tül eseif he is not going to begin | bizbaşlarıq tül esekif we are not going to begin | sizbaşlarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to begin | alabaşlarıq tül eseleif they are not going to begin |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menbaşlarıq bolsamif I were going to begin | senbaşlarıq bolsaŋif you were going to begin | olbaşlarıq bolsaif he were going to begin | bizbaşlarıq bolsaqif we were going to begin | sizbaşlarıq bolsağızif you all were going to begin | alabaşlarıq bolsalaif they were going to begin |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menbaşlamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to begin | senbaşlamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to begin | olbaşlamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to begin | bizbaşlamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to begin | sizbaşlamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to begin | alabaşlamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to begin |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso başladıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbaşlay bolurmaI must be beginning | senbaşlay bolursayou must be beginning | olbaşlay bolurhe must be beginning | bizbaşlay bolurbuzwe must be beginning | sizbaşlay bolursuzyou all must be beginning | alabaşlay bolurlathey must be beginning |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbaşlamay bolurmaI must not be beginning | senbaşlamay bolursayou must not be beginning | olbaşlamay bolurhe must not be beginning | bizbaşlamay bolurbuzwe must not be beginning | sizbaşlamay bolursuzyou all must not be beginning | alabaşlamay bolurlathey must not be beginning |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbaşlay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of beginning | senbaşlay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of beginning | olbaşlay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of beginning | bizbaşlay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of beginning | sizbaşlay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of beginning | alabaşlay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of beginning |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbaşlamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not beginning | senbaşlamay tura bolursayou must keep on not beginning | olbaşlamay tura bolurhe must keep on not beginning | bizbaşlamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not beginning | sizbaşlamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not beginning | alabaşlamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not beginning |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menbaşlağan bolurmaI must have begun | senbaşlağan bolursayou must have begun | olbaşlağan bolurhe must have begun | bizbaşlağan bolurbuzwe must have begun | sizbaşlağan bolursuzyou all must have begun | alabaşlağan bolurlathey must have begun |
| Inference (must have) | menbaşlamağan bolurmaI must not have begun | senbaşlamağan bolursayou must not have begun | olbaşlamağan bolurhe must not have begun | bizbaşlamağan bolurbuzwe must not have begun | sizbaşlamağan bolursuzyou all must not have begun | alabaşlamağan bolurlathey must not have begun |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menbaşlarıq bolurmaI must be going to begin | senbaşlarıq bolursayou must be going to begin | olbaşlarıq bolurhe must be going to begin | bizbaşlarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to begin | sizbaşlarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to begin | alabaşlarıq bolurlathey must be going to begin |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menbaşlamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to begin | senbaşlamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to begin | olbaşlamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to begin | bizbaşlamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to begin | sizbaşlamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to begin | alabaşlamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to begin |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menbaşlayımlet me begin | senbaşla!begin! | olbaşlasınlet him begin | bizbaşlayıqlet's begin | sizbaşlağız!begin, you all! | alabaşlasınlalet them begin |
| Commands & suggestions | menbaşlamayımlet me not begin | senbaşlama!don't begin! | olbaşlamasınlet him not begin | bizbaşlamayıqlet's not begin | sizbaşlamağız!don't begin, you all! | alabaşlamasınlalet them not begin |
| Commands & suggestions | menbaşlayımmı?shall I begin? | olbaşlasınmı?should he begin? | bizbaşlayıqmı?shall we begin? | alabaşlasınlamı?should they begin? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menbaşlamayımmı?shall I not begin? | olbaşlamasınmı?should he not begin? | bizbaşlamayıqmı?shall we not begin? | alabaşlamasınlamı?should they not begin? | ||
| Requests | senbaşlaçı2başlaçınplease begin | olbaşlasınçıdo let him begin | sizbaşlaçığızplease begin (plural/polite) | alabaşlasınlaçıdo let them begin | ||
| Requests | senbaşlamaçı2başlamaçınplease don't begin | olbaşlamasınçıdo let him not begin | sizbaşlamaçığızplease don't begin (plural/polite) | alabaşlamasınlaçıdo let them not begin | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senbaşlağınbaşlağımay you begin | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senbaşlamağınbaşlamağımay you not begin | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbaşlağay edim başlağa edimwould that I began | senbaşlağay ediŋ başlağa ediŋwould that you began | olbaşlağay edi başlağa ediwould that he began | bizbaşlağay edik başlağa edikwould that we began | sizbaşlağay edigiz başlağa edigizwould that you all began | alabaşlağay edile başlağa edilewould that they began |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbaşlamağay edim başlamağa edimwould that I did not begin | senbaşlamağay ediŋ başlamağa ediŋwould that you did not begin | olbaşlamağay edi başlamağa ediwould that he did not begin | bizbaşlamağay edik başlamağa edikwould that we did not begin | sizbaşlamağay edigiz başlamağa edigizwould that you all did not begin | alabaşlamağay edile başlamağa edilewould that they did not begin |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbaşlamağa qoyayımbaşlama qoyayımlet me allow someone to begin | senbaşlamağa qoy!başlama qoy!let someone begin! | olbaşlamağa qoysunbaşlama qoysunlet him allow someone to begin | bizbaşlamağa qoyayıqbaşlama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to begin | sizbaşlamağa qoyuğuz!başlama qoyuğuz!let someone begin, you all! | alabaşlamağa qoysunlabaşlama qoysunlalet them allow someone to begin |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbaşlamağa qoymayımbaşlama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to begin | senbaşlamağa qoyma!başlama qoyma!don't let someone begin! | olbaşlamağa qoymasınbaşlama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to begin | bizbaşlamağa qoymayıqbaşlama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to begin | sizbaşlamağa qoymağız!başlama qoymağız!don't let someone begin, you all! | alabaşlamağa qoymasınlabaşlama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to begin |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbaşlamağa qoyayımmı?başlama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to begin? | olbaşlamağa qoysunmu?başlama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to begin? | bizbaşlamağa qoyayıqmı?başlama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to begin? | alabaşlamağa qoysunlamı?başlama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to begin? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbaşlamağa qoymayımmı?başlama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to begin? | olbaşlamağa qoymasınmı?başlama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to begin? | bizbaşlamağa qoymayıqmı?başlama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to begin? | alabaşlamağa qoymasınlamı?başlama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to begin? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menbaşlamağa qoyamabaşlama qoyamaI allow someone to begin | senbaşlamağa qoyasabaşlama qoyasayou allow someone to begin | olbaşlamağa qoyadıbaşlama qoyadıhe allows someone to begin | bizbaşlamağa qoyabızbaşlama qoyabızwe allow someone to begin | sizbaşlamağa qoyasızbaşlama qoyasızyou all allow someone to begin | alabaşlamağa qoyadılabaşlama qoyadılathey allow someone to begin |
| Let someone… (present) | menbaşlamağa qoymaymabaşlama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to begin | senbaşlamağa qoymaysabaşlama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to begin | olbaşlamağa qoymaydıbaşlama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to begin | bizbaşlamağa qoymaybızbaşlama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to begin | sizbaşlamağa qoymaysızbaşlama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to begin | alabaşlamağa qoymaydılabaşlama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to begin |
| Let someone… (present) | menbaşlamağa qoyamamı?başlama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to begin? | senbaşlamağa qoyamısa?başlama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to begin? | olbaşlamağa qoyamıdı?başlama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to begin? | bizbaşlamağa qoyabızmı?başlama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to begin? | sizbaşlamağa qoyamısız?başlama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to begin? | alabaşlamağa qoyamıdıla?başlama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to begin? |
| Let someone… (present) | menbaşlamağa qoymaymamı?başlama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to begin? | senbaşlamağa qoymaymısa?başlama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to begin? | olbaşlamağa qoymaymıdı?başlama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to begin? | bizbaşlamağa qoymaybızmı?başlama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to begin? | sizbaşlamağa qoymaymısız?başlama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to begin? | alabaşlamağa qoymaymıdıla?başlama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to begin? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbaşlamağa qoydumbaşlama qoydumI allowed someone to begin | senbaşlamağa qoyduŋbaşlama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to begin | olbaşlamağa qoydubaşlama qoyduhe allowed someone to begin | bizbaşlamağa qoyduqbaşlama qoyduqwe allowed someone to begin | sizbaşlamağa qoyduğuzbaşlama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to begin | alabaşlamağa qoydulabaşlama qoydulathey allowed someone to begin |
| Let someone… (past) | menbaşlamağa qoymadımbaşlama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to begin | senbaşlamağa qoymadıŋbaşlama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to begin | olbaşlamağa qoymadıbaşlama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to begin | bizbaşlamağa qoymadıqbaşlama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to begin | sizbaşlamağa qoymadığızbaşlama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to begin | alabaşlamağa qoymadılabaşlama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to begin |
| Let someone… (past) | menbaşlamağa qoydummu?başlama qoydummu?did I allow someone to begin? | senbaşlamağa qoyduŋmu?başlama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to begin? | olbaşlamağa qoydumu?başlama qoydumu?did he allow someone to begin? | bizbaşlamağa qoyduqmu?başlama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to begin? | sizbaşlamağa qoyduğuzmu?başlama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to begin? | alabaşlamağa qoydulamı?başlama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to begin? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbaşlamağa qoymadımmı?başlama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to begin? | senbaşlamağa qoymadıŋmı?başlama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to begin? | olbaşlamağa qoymadımı?başlama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to begin? | bizbaşlamağa qoymadıqmı?başlama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to begin? | sizbaşlamağa qoymadığızmı?başlama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to begin? | alabaşlamağa qoymadılamı?başlama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to begin? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
başlayalırğa be able to begin · başlayalmazğa be unable to begin
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menbaşlayalamaI can begin | senbaşlayalasayou can begin | olbaşlayaladıhe can begin | bizbaşlayalabızwe can begin | sizbaşlayalasızyou all can begin | alabaşlayaladılathey can begin |
| Ability — present | menbaşlayalmaymaI can't begin | senbaşlayalmaysayou can't begin | olbaşlayalmaydıhe can't begin | bizbaşlayalmaybızwe can't begin | sizbaşlayalmaysızyou all can't begin | alabaşlayalmaydılathey can't begin |
| Ability — present | menbaşlayalamamı? başlayalamıma?can I begin? | senbaşlayalamısa?can you begin? | olbaşlayalamıdı?can he begin? | bizbaşlayalabızmı? başlayalamıbız?can we begin? | sizbaşlayalamısız?can you all begin? | alabaşlayalamıdıla?can they begin? |
| Ability — present | menbaşlayalmaymamı? başlayalmaymıma?can't I begin? | senbaşlayalmaymısa?can't you begin? | olbaşlayalmaymıdı?can't he begin? | bizbaşlayalmaybızmı? başlayalmaymıbız?can't we begin? | sizbaşlayalmaymısız?can't you all begin? | alabaşlayalmaymıdıla?can't they begin? |
| Ability — if I can… | menbaşlayalsamif I can begin | senbaşlayalsaŋif you can begin | olbaşlayalsaif he can begin | bizbaşlayalsaqif we can begin | sizbaşlayalsağızif you all can begin | alabaşlayalsalaif they can begin |
| Ability — if I can… | menbaşlayalmasamif I can't begin | senbaşlayalmasaŋif you can't begin | olbaşlayalmasaif he can't begin | bizbaşlayalmasaqif we can't begin | sizbaşlayalmasağızif you all can't begin | alabaşlayalmasalaif they can't begin |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menbaşlayaldımI was able to begin | senbaşlayaldıŋyou were able to begin | olbaşlayaldıhe was able to begin | bizbaşlayaldıqwe were able to begin | sizbaşlayaldığızyou all were able to begin | alabaşlayaldılathey were able to begin |
| Ability — simple past | menbaşlayalmadımI could not begin | senbaşlayalmadıŋyou could not begin | olbaşlayalmadıhe could not begin | bizbaşlayalmadıqwe could not begin | sizbaşlayalmadığızyou all could not begin | alabaşlayalmadılathey could not begin |
| Ability — simple past | menbaşlayaldımmı?was I able to begin? | senbaşlayaldıŋmı?were you able to begin? | olbaşlayaldımı?was he able to begin? | bizbaşlayaldıqmı?were we able to begin? | sizbaşlayaldığızmı?were you all able to begin? | alabaşlayaldılamı?were they able to begin? |
| Ability — simple past | menbaşlayalmadımmı?couldn't I begin? | senbaşlayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you begin? | olbaşlayalmadımı?couldn't he begin? | bizbaşlayalmadıqmı?couldn't we begin? | sizbaşlayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all begin? | alabaşlayalmadılamı?couldn't they begin? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbaşlayalğanmaI have been able to begin | senbaşlayalğansayou have been able to begin | olbaşlayalğandıhe has been able to begin | bizbaşlayalğanbızwe have been able to begin | sizbaşlayalğansızyou all have been able to begin | alabaşlayalğandılathey have been able to begin |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbaşlayalmağanmaI haven't been able to begin | senbaşlayalmağansayou haven't been able to begin | olbaşlayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to begin | bizbaşlayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to begin | sizbaşlayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to begin | alabaşlayalmağandılathey haven't been able to begin |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbaşlayalğanmamı? başlayalğanmıma?have I been able to begin? | senbaşlayalğanmısa?have you been able to begin? | olbaşlayalğanmıdı?has he been able to begin? | bizbaşlayalğanbızmı? başlayalğanmıbız?have we been able to begin? | sizbaşlayalğanmısız?have you all been able to begin? | alabaşlayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to begin? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbaşlayalmağanmamı? başlayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to begin? | senbaşlayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to begin? | olbaşlayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to begin? | bizbaşlayalmağanbızmı? başlayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to begin? | sizbaşlayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to begin? | alabaşlayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to begin? |
| Ability — past perfect | menbaşlayalğan edimbaşlayalğanemI had been able to begin | senbaşlayalğan ediŋbaşlayalğaneŋyou had been able to begin | olbaşlayalğan edibaşlayalğanedhe had been able to begin | bizbaşlayalğan edikbaşlayalğanekwe had been able to begin | sizbaşlayalğan edigizbaşlayalğanegizyou all had been able to begin | alabaşlayalğan edilebaşlayalğanellethey had been able to begin |
| Ability — past perfect | menbaşlayalmağan edimbaşlayalmağanemI hadn't been able to begin | senbaşlayalmağan ediŋbaşlayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to begin | olbaşlayalmağan edibaşlayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to begin | bizbaşlayalmağan edikbaşlayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to begin | sizbaşlayalmağan edigizbaşlayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to begin | alabaşlayalmağan edilebaşlayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to begin |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menbaşlayala edimbaşlayalaemI could begin | senbaşlayala ediŋbaşlayalaeŋyou could begin | olbaşlayala edibaşlayalaedhe could begin | bizbaşlayala edikbaşlayalaekwe could begin | sizbaşlayala edigizbaşlayalaegizyou all could begin | alabaşlayala edilebaşlayalaellethey could begin |
| Ability — past background | menbaşlayalmay edimbaşlayalmayemI could not begin | senbaşlayalmay ediŋbaşlayalmayeŋyou could not begin | olbaşlayalmay edibaşlayalmayedhe could not begin | bizbaşlayalmay edikbaşlayalmayekwe could not begin | sizbaşlayalmay edigizbaşlayalmayegizyou all could not begin | alabaşlayalmay edilebaşlayalmayellethey could not begin |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menbaşlayalırmaI will be able to begin | senbaşlayalırsayou will be able to begin | olbaşlayalırhe will be able to begin | bizbaşlayalırbızwe will be able to begin | sizbaşlayalırsızyou all will be able to begin | alabaşlayalırlathey will be able to begin |
| Ability — future I | menbaşlayalmazmaI won't be able to begin | senbaşlayalmazsayou won't be able to begin | olbaşlayalmazhe won't be able to begin | bizbaşlayalmazbızwe won't be able to begin | sizbaşlayalmazsızyou all won't be able to begin | alabaşlayalmazlathey won't be able to begin |
| Ability — future I | menbaşlayalırmamı? başlayalırmıma?will I be able to begin? | senbaşlayalırmısa?will you be able to begin? | olbaşlayalırmı?will he be able to begin? | bizbaşlayalırbızmı? başlayalırmıbız?will we be able to begin? | sizbaşlayalırmısız?will you all be able to begin? | alabaşlayalırlamı? başlayalırmıla?will they be able to begin? |
| Ability — future I | menbaşlayalmazmamı? başlayalmazmıma?won't I be able to begin? | senbaşlayalmazmısa?won't you be able to begin? | olbaşlayalmazmı?won't he be able to begin? | bizbaşlayalmazbızmı? başlayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to begin? | sizbaşlayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to begin? | alabaşlayalmazlamı? başlayalmazmıla?won't they be able to begin? |
| Ability — future II | menbaşlayallıqmaI am going to be able to begin | senbaşlayallıqsayou are going to be able to begin | olbaşlayallıqdıhe is going to be able to begin | bizbaşlayallıqbızwe are going to be able to begin | sizbaşlayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to begin | alabaşlayallıqdılathey are going to be able to begin |
| Ability — future II | menbaşlayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to begin | senbaşlayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to begin | olbaşlayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to begin | bizbaşlayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to begin | sizbaşlayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to begin | alabaşlayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to begin |
| Ability — future II | menbaşlayallıqmamı? başlayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to begin? | senbaşlayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to begin? | olbaşlayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to begin? | bizbaşlayallıqbızmı? başlayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to begin? | sizbaşlayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to begin? | alabaşlayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to begin? |
| Ability — future II | menbaşlayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to begin? | senbaşlayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to begin? | olbaşlayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to begin? | bizbaşlayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to begin? | sizbaşlayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to begin? | alabaşlayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to begin? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menbaşlayalır edimbaşlayalır emI would be able to begin | senbaşlayalır ediŋbaşlayalır eŋyou would be able to begin | olbaşlayalır edibaşlayalır edhe would be able to begin | bizbaşlayalır edikbaşlayalır ekwe would be able to begin | sizbaşlayalır edigizbaşlayalır egizyou all would be able to begin | alabaşlayalır edilebaşlayalır ellethey would be able to begin |
| Ability — would be able to… | menbaşlayalmaz edimbaşlayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to begin | senbaşlayalmaz ediŋbaşlayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to begin | olbaşlayalmaz edibaşlayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to begin | bizbaşlayalmaz edikbaşlayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to begin | sizbaşlayalmaz edigizbaşlayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to begin | alabaşlayalmaz edilebaşlayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to begin |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senbaşlayalğınbaşlayalğımay you be able to begin | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senbaşlayalmağınbaşlayalmağımay you not be able to begin | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menbaşlarğa izleymeI want to begin | senbaşlarğa izleyseyou want to begin | olbaşlarğa izleydihe wants to begin | bizbaşlarğa izleybizwe want to begin | sizbaşlarğa izleysizyou all want to begin | alabaşlarğa izleydilethey want to begin |
| want to | menbaşlarğa izlemeymeI do not want to begin | senbaşlarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to begin | olbaşlarğa izlemeydihe does not want to begin | bizbaşlarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to begin | sizbaşlarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to begin | alabaşlarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to begin |
| would like to | menbaşlarğa süemeI would like to begin | senbaşlarğa süeseyou would like to begin | olbaşlarğa süedihe would like to begin | bizbaşlarğa süebizwe would like to begin | sizbaşlarğa süesizyou all would like to begin | alabaşlarğa süedilethey would like to begin |
| would like to | menbaşlarğa süymeymeI would not like to begin | senbaşlarğa süymeyseyou would not like to begin | olbaşlarğa süymeydihe would not like to begin | bizbaşlarğa süymeybizwe would not like to begin | sizbaşlarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to begin | alabaşlarğa süymeydilethey would not like to begin |
| hope to | menbaşlarğa umutlanamaI hope to begin | senbaşlarğa umutlanasayou hope to begin | olbaşlarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to begin | bizbaşlarğa umutlanabızwe hope to begin | sizbaşlarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to begin | alabaşlarğa umutlanadılathey hope to begin |
| hope to | menbaşlarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to begin | senbaşlarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to begin | olbaşlarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to begin | bizbaşlarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to begin | sizbaşlarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to begin | alabaşlarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to begin |
| be about to | menbaşlarğa deb turamaI am about to begin | senbaşlarğa deb turasayou are about to begin | olbaşlarğa deb turadıhe is about to begin | bizbaşlarğa deb turabızwe are about to begin | sizbaşlarğa deb turasızyou all are about to begin | alabaşlarğa deb turadılathey are about to begin |
| be about to | menbaşlarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to begin | senbaşlarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to begin | olbaşlarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to begin | bizbaşlarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to begin | sizbaşlarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to begin | alabaşlarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to begin |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menbaşlarğa kerekmeI need to begin | senbaşlarğa kerekseyou need to begin | olbaşlarğa kerekdihe needs to begin | bizbaşlarğa kerekbizwe need to begin | sizbaşlarğa kereksizyou all need to begin | alabaşlarğa kerekdilethey need to begin |
| need to | menbaşlarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to begin | senbaşlarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to begin | olbaşlarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to begin | bizbaşlarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to begin | sizbaşlarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to begin | alabaşlarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to begin |
| have to | menmenŋe başlarğa tüşediI have to begin | sensenŋe başlarğa tüşediyou have to begin | olaŋa başlarğa tüşedihe has to begin | bizbizge başlarğa tüşediwe have to begin | sizsizge başlarğa tüşediyou all have to begin | alaalağa başlarğa tüşedithey have to begin |
| have to | menmenŋe başlarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to begin | sensenŋe başlarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to begin | olaŋa başlarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to begin | bizbizge başlarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to begin | sizsizge başlarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to begin | alaalağa başlarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to begin |
| be obliged to | menbaşlarğa borçlumaI am obliged to begin | senbaşlarğa borçlusayou are obliged to begin | olbaşlarğa borçluduhe is obliged to begin | bizbaşlarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to begin | sizbaşlarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to begin | alabaşlarğa borçludulathey are obliged to begin |
| be obliged to | menbaşlarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to begin | senbaşlarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to begin | olbaşlarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to begin | bizbaşlarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to begin | sizbaşlarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to begin | alabaşlarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to begin |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menbaşlarğa madarım bardıI have a way to begin | senbaşlarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to begin | olbaşlarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to begin | bizbaşlarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to begin | sizbaşlarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to begin | alabaşlarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to begin |
| have a way to | menbaşlarğa madarım joqduI have no way to begin | senbaşlarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to begin | olbaşlarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to begin | bizbaşlarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to begin | sizbaşlarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to begin | alabaşlarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to begin |
| be free to | menbaşlarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to begin | senbaşlarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to begin | olbaşlarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to begin | bizbaşlarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to begin | sizbaşlarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to begin | alabaşlarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to begin |
| be free to | menbaşlarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to begin | senbaşlarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to begin | olbaşlarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to begin | bizbaşlarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to begin | sizbaşlarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to begin | alabaşlarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to begin |
| be possible to | menmenŋe başlarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to begin | sensenŋe başlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to begin | olaŋa başlarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to begin | bizbizge başlarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to begin | sizsizge başlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to begin | alaalağa başlarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to begin |
| be possible to | menmenŋe başlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to begin | sensenŋe başlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to begin | olaŋa başlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to begin | bizbizge başlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to begin | sizsizge başlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to begin | alaalağa başlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to begin |
| be ready to | menbaşlarğa hazırmaI am ready to begin | senbaşlarğa hazırsayou are ready to begin | olbaşlarğa hazırdıhe is ready to begin | bizbaşlarğa hazırbızwe are ready to begin | sizbaşlarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to begin | alabaşlarğa hazırdılathey are ready to begin |
| be ready to | menbaşlarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to begin | senbaşlarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to begin | olbaşlarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to begin | bizbaşlarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to begin | sizbaşlarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to begin | alabaşlarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to begin |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menbaşlarğa küreşemeI am trying to begin | senbaşlarğa küreşeseyou are trying to begin | olbaşlarğa küreşedihe is trying to begin | bizbaşlarğa küreşebizwe are trying to begin | sizbaşlarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to begin | alabaşlarğa küreşedilethey are trying to begin |
| try to | menbaşlarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to begin | senbaşlarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to begin | olbaşlarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to begin | bizbaşlarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to begin | sizbaşlarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to begin | alabaşlarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to begin |
| agree to | menbaşlarğa unaymaI agree to begin | senbaşlarğa unaysayou agree to begin | olbaşlarğa unaydıhe agrees to begin | bizbaşlarğa unaybızwe agree to begin | sizbaşlarğa unaysızyou all agree to begin | alabaşlarğa unaydılathey agree to begin |
| agree to | menbaşlarğa unamaymaI refuse to begin | senbaşlarğa unamaysayou refuse to begin | olbaşlarğa unamaydıhe refuses to begin | bizbaşlarğa unamaybızwe refuse to begin | sizbaşlarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to begin | alabaşlarğa unamaydılathey refuse to begin |
| hurry to | menbaşlarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to begin | senbaşlarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to begin | olbaşlarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to begin | bizbaşlarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to begin | sizbaşlarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to begin | alabaşlarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to begin |
| hurry to | menbaşlarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to begin | senbaşlarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to begin | olbaşlarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to begin | bizbaşlarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to begin | sizbaşlarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to begin | alabaşlarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to begin |
| be afraid to | menbaşlarğa qorqamaI am afraid to begin | senbaşlarğa qorqasayou are afraid to begin | olbaşlarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to begin | bizbaşlarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to begin | sizbaşlarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to begin | alabaşlarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to begin |
| be afraid to | menbaşlarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to begin | senbaşlarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to begin | olbaşlarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to begin | bizbaşlarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to begin | sizbaşlarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to begin | alabaşlarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to begin |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menbaşlay bolmazmaI can't be beginning | senbaşlay bolmazsayou can't be beginning | olbaşlay bolmazhe can't be beginning | bizbaşlay bolmazbızwe can't be beginning | sizbaşlay bolmazsızyou all can't be beginning | alabaşlay bolmazlathey can't be beginning |
| Inference, present — double negation | menbaşlamay bolmazmaI must be beginning (emphatic) | senbaşlamay bolmazsayou must be beginning (emphatic) | olbaşlamay bolmazhe must be beginning (emphatic) | bizbaşlamay bolmazbızwe must be beginning (emphatic) | sizbaşlamay bolmazsızyou all must be beginning (emphatic) | alabaşlamay bolmazlathey must be beginning (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menbaşlay turmasamif I don't keep beginning | senbaşlay turmasaŋif you don't keep beginning | olbaşlay turmasaif he doesn't keep beginning | bizbaşlay turmasaqif we don't keep beginning | sizbaşlay turmasağızif you all don't keep beginning | alabaşlay turmasalaif they don't keep beginning |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menbaşlay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of beginning | senbaşlay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of beginning | olbaşlay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of beginning | bizbaşlay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of beginning | sizbaşlay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of beginning | alabaşlay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of beginning |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menbaşlamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not beginning (emphatic) | senbaşlamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not beginning (emphatic) | olbaşlamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not beginning (emphatic) | bizbaşlamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not beginning (emphatic) | sizbaşlamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not beginning (emphatic) | alabaşlamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not beginning (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menbaşlamay turamaI keep on not beginning | senbaşlamay turasayou keep on not beginning | olbaşlamay turadıhe keeps on not beginning | bizbaşlamay turabızwe keep on not beginning | sizbaşlamay turasızyou all keep on not beginning | alabaşlamay turadılathey keep on not beginning |
| Progressive — double negation | menbaşlamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not beginning | senbaşlamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not beginning | olbaşlamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not beginning | bizbaşlamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not beginning | sizbaşlamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not beginning | alabaşlamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not beginning |
| Progressive — double negation | menbaşlamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not beginning? | senbaşlamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not beginning? | olbaşlamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not beginning? | bizbaşlamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not beginning? | sizbaşlamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not beginning? | alabaşlamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not beginning? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menbaşlağan bolmazmaI can't have begun | senbaşlağan bolmazsayou can't have begun | olbaşlağan bolmazhe can't have begun | bizbaşlağan bolmazbızwe can't have begun | sizbaşlağan bolmazsızyou all can't have begun | alabaşlağan bolmazlathey can't have begun |
| Inference — double negation | menbaşlamağan bolmazmaI must have begun (emphatic) | senbaşlamağan bolmazsayou must have begun (emphatic) | olbaşlamağan bolmazhe must have begun (emphatic) | bizbaşlamağan bolmazbızwe must have begun (emphatic) | sizbaşlamağan bolmazsızyou all must have begun (emphatic) | alabaşlamağan bolmazlathey must have begun (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menbaşlağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had begun | senbaşlağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had begun | olbaşlağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had begun | bizbaşlağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had begun | sizbaşlağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had begun | alabaşlağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had begun |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menbaşlamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't begun | senbaşlamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't begun | olbaşlamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't begun | bizbaşlamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't begun | sizbaşlamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't begun | alabaşlamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't begun |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menbaşlarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to begin | senbaşlarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to begin | olbaşlarıq bolmazhe can't be going to begin | bizbaşlarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to begin | sizbaşlarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to begin | alabaşlarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to begin |
| Inference, future — double negation | menbaşlamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to begin (emphatic) | senbaşlamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to begin (emphatic) | olbaşlamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to begin (emphatic) | bizbaşlamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to begin (emphatic) | sizbaşlamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to begin (emphatic) | alabaşlamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to begin (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menbaşlarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to begin | senbaşlarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to begin | olbaşlarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to begin | bizbaşlarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to begin | sizbaşlarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to begin | alabaşlarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to begin |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menbaşlamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to begin | senbaşlamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to begin | olbaşlamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to begin | bizbaşlamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to begin | sizbaşlamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to begin | alabaşlamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to begin |