başharırğa
/baʃxarɯrʁa/
change, become different, be transformed, be altered — Said, for example, of a timetable or a way of life; alğından başharırğa means change compared with how things were before.
- alğından başharırğa — to change compared with before
- jaşaw başharğandı — life has changed
- ol endi başharğandı — he has changed now
- ol bek başharğandı — he has changed a great deal
- jaşaw terk başharadı — life changes quickly
- jurt başharğandı — the homeland has changed
- iş zamanı başharğandı — the working hours have changed
- dersle başharğandıla — the lessons have changed
- jaŋıdan başharırğa — to change again
Conjugation
Common forms
- başharadıhe is changing
- başhardıhe changed
- başharğandıhe has changed
- başharırhe will change
- başharlıqdıhe is going to change
- başhara edihe was changing
- başharsaif he changes
- başhar!change!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbaşharamaI am changing | senbaşharasayou are changing | olbaşharadıhe is changing | bizbaşharabızwe are changing | sizbaşharasızyou all are changing | alabaşharadılathey are changing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbaşharmaymaI am not changing | senbaşharmaysayou are not changing | olbaşharmaydıhe is not changing | bizbaşharmaybızwe are not changing | sizbaşharmaysızyou all are not changing | alabaşharmaydılathey are not changing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbaşharamamı? başharamıma?am I changing? | senbaşharamısa?are you changing? | olbaşharamıdı?is he changing? | bizbaşharabızmı? başharamıbız?are we changing? | sizbaşharamısız?are you all changing? | alabaşharamıdıla?are they changing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbaşharmaymamı? başharmaymıma?aren't I changing? | senbaşharmaymısa?aren't you changing? | olbaşharmaymıdı?isn't he changing? | bizbaşharmaybızmı? başharmaymıbız?aren't we changing? | sizbaşharmaymısız?aren't you all changing? | alabaşharmaymıdıla?aren't they changing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbaşharıwçanmaI usually change | senbaşharıwçansayou usually change | olbaşharıwçandıhe usually changes | bizbaşharıwçanbızwe usually change | sizbaşharıwçansızyou all usually change | alabaşharıwçandılathey usually change |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbaşharmawçanmaI usually don't change | senbaşharmawçansayou usually don't change | olbaşharmawçandıhe usually doesn't change | bizbaşharmawçanbızwe usually don't change | sizbaşharmawçansızyou all usually don't change | alabaşharmawçandılathey usually don't change |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbaşharıwçanmamı? başharıwçanmıma?do I usually change? | senbaşharıwçanmısa?do you usually change? | olbaşharıwçanmıdı?does he usually change? | bizbaşharıwçanbızmı? başharıwçanmıbız?do we usually change? | sizbaşharıwçanmısız?do you all usually change? | alabaşharıwçanmıdıla?do they usually change? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbaşharmawçanmamı? başharmawçanmıma?do I usually not change? | senbaşharmawçanmısa?do you usually not change? | olbaşharmawçanmıdı?does he usually not change? | bizbaşharmawçanbızmı? başharmawçanmıbız?do we usually not change? | sizbaşharmawçanmısız?do you all usually not change? | alabaşharmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not change? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olbaşharıbdıhe has changed and remains so | alabaşharıbdılathey have changed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olbaşharıbmıdı?has he changed? | alabaşharıbmıdıla?have they changed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbaşharıb turamaI keep changing | senbaşharıb turasayou keep changing | olbaşharıb turadıhe keeps changing | bizbaşharıb turabızwe keep changing | sizbaşharıb turasızyou all keep changing | alabaşharıb turadılathey keep changing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbaşharıb turmaymaI don't keep changing | senbaşharıb turmaysayou don't keep changing | olbaşharıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep changing | bizbaşharıb turmaybızwe don't keep changing | sizbaşharıb turmaysızyou all don't keep changing | alabaşharıb turmaydılathey don't keep changing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbaşharıb turamamı? başharıb turamıma?do I keep changing? | senbaşharıb turamısa?do you keep changing? | olbaşharıb turamıdı?does he keep changing? | bizbaşharıb turabızmı? başharıb turamıbız?do we keep changing? | sizbaşharıb turamısız?do you all keep changing? | alabaşharıb turamıdıla?do they keep changing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbaşharıb turmaymamı? başharıb turmaymıma?don't I keep changing? | senbaşharıb turmaymısa?don't you keep changing? | olbaşharıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep changing? | bizbaşharıb turmaybızmı? başharıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep changing? | sizbaşharıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep changing? | alabaşharıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep changing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbaşhara turamaI am in the middle of changing | senbaşhara turasayou are in the middle of changing | olbaşhara turadıhe is in the middle of changing | bizbaşhara turabızwe are in the middle of changing | sizbaşhara turasızyou all are in the middle of changing | alabaşhara turadılathey are in the middle of changing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbaşhara turmaymaI am not in the middle of changing | senbaşhara turmaysayou are not in the middle of changing | olbaşhara turmaydıhe is not in the middle of changing | bizbaşhara turmaybızwe are not in the middle of changing | sizbaşhara turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of changing | alabaşhara turmaydılathey are not in the middle of changing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbaşhara turamamı? başhara turamıma?am I in the middle of changing? | senbaşhara turamısa?are you in the middle of changing? | olbaşhara turamıdı?is he in the middle of changing? | bizbaşhara turabızmı? başhara turamıbız?are we in the middle of changing? | sizbaşhara turamısız?are you all in the middle of changing? | alabaşhara turamıdıla?are they in the middle of changing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbaşhara turmaymamı? başhara turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of changing? | senbaşhara turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of changing? | olbaşhara turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of changing? | bizbaşhara turmaybızmı? başhara turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of changing? | sizbaşhara turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of changing? | alabaşhara turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of changing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menbaşhardımI changed | senbaşhardıŋyou changed | olbaşhardıhe changed | bizbaşhardıqwe changed | sizbaşhardığızyou all changed | alabaşhardılathey changed |
| Simple past (definite) | menbaşharmadımI didn't change | senbaşharmadıŋyou didn't change | olbaşharmadıhe didn't change | bizbaşharmadıqwe didn't change | sizbaşharmadığızyou all didn't change | alabaşharmadılathey didn't change |
| Simple past (definite) | menbaşhardımmı?did I change? | senbaşhardıŋmı?did you change? | olbaşhardımı?did he change? | bizbaşhardıqmı?did we change? | sizbaşhardığızmı?did you all change? | alabaşhardılamı?did they change? |
| Simple past (definite) | menbaşharmadımmı?didn't I change? | senbaşharmadıŋmı?didn't you change? | olbaşharmadımı?didn't he change? | bizbaşharmadıqmı?didn't we change? | sizbaşharmadığızmı?didn't you all change? | alabaşharmadılamı?didn't they change? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbaşharğanmaI have changed | senbaşharğansayou have changed | olbaşharğandıhe has changed | bizbaşharğanbızwe have changed | sizbaşharğansızyou all have changed | alabaşharğandılathey have changed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbaşharmağanmaI haven't changed | senbaşharmağansayou haven't changed | olbaşharmağandıhe hasn't changed | bizbaşharmağanbızwe haven't changed | sizbaşharmağansızyou all haven't changed | alabaşharmağandılathey haven't changed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbaşharğanmamı? başharğanmıma?have I changed? | senbaşharğanmısa?have you changed? | olbaşharğanmıdı?has he changed? | bizbaşharğanbızmı? başharğanmıbız?have we changed? | sizbaşharğanmısız?have you all changed? | alabaşharğanmıdıla?have they changed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbaşharmağanmamı? başharmağanmıma?haven't I changed? | senbaşharmağanmısa?haven't you changed? | olbaşharmağanmıdı?hasn't he changed? | bizbaşharmağanbızmı? başharmağanmıbız?haven't we changed? | sizbaşharmağanmısız?haven't you all changed? | alabaşharmağanmıdıla?haven't they changed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menbaşharıb turdumI kept changing | senbaşharıb turduŋyou kept changing | olbaşharıb turduhe kept changing | bizbaşharıb turduqwe kept changing | sizbaşharıb turduğuzyou all kept changing | alabaşharıb turdulathey kept changing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menbaşharıb turmadımI didn't keep changing | senbaşharıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep changing | olbaşharıb turmadıhe didn't keep changing | bizbaşharıb turmadıqwe didn't keep changing | sizbaşharıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep changing | alabaşharıb turmadılathey didn't keep changing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbaşharırmaI will change | senbaşharırsayou will change | olbaşharırhe will change | bizbaşharırbızwe will change | sizbaşharırsızyou all will change | alabaşharırlathey will change |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbaşharmazmaI won't change | senbaşharmazsayou won't change | olbaşharmazhe won't change | bizbaşharmazbızwe won't change | sizbaşharmazsızyou all won't change | alabaşharmazlathey won't change |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbaşharırmamı? başharırmıma?will I change? | senbaşharırmısa?will you change? | olbaşharırmı?will he change? | bizbaşharırbızmı? başharırmıbız?will we change? | sizbaşharırmısız?will you all change? | alabaşharırlamı? başharırmıla?will they change? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbaşharmazmamı? başharmazmıma?won't I change? | senbaşharmazmısa?won't you change? | olbaşharmazmı?won't he change? | bizbaşharmazbızmı? başharmazmıbız?won't we change? | sizbaşharmazmısız?won't you all change? | alabaşharmazlamı? başharmazmıla?won't they change? |
| Definite future (future II) | menbaşharlıqma1başharrıqmaI am going to change | senbaşharlıqsa1başharrıqsayou are going to change | olbaşharlıqdı1başharrıqdıhe is going to change | bizbaşharlıqbız1başharrıqbızwe are going to change | sizbaşharlıqsız1başharrıqsızyou all are going to change | alabaşharlıqdıla1başharrıqdılathey are going to change |
| Definite future (future II) | menbaşharlıq tülme1başharrıq tülmeI am not going to change | senbaşharlıq tülse1başharrıq tülseyou are not going to change | olbaşharlıq tüldü1başharrıq tüldühe is not going to change | bizbaşharlıq tülbüz1başharrıq tülbüzwe are not going to change | sizbaşharlıq tülsüz1başharrıq tülsüzyou all are not going to change | alabaşharlıq tüldüle1başharrıq tüldülethey are not going to change |
| Definite future (future II) | menbaşharlıqmamı?1 başharlıqmıma?başharrıqmamı?am I going to change? | senbaşharlıqmısa?1başharrıqmısa?are you going to change? | olbaşharlıqmıdı?1başharrıqmıdı?is he going to change? | bizbaşharlıqbızmı?1 başharlıqmıbız?başharrıqbızmı?are we going to change? | sizbaşharlıqmısız?1başharrıqmısız?are you all going to change? | alabaşharlıqmıdıla?1başharrıqmıdıla?are they going to change? |
| Definite future (future II) | menbaşharlıq tülmüme?1başharrıq tülmüme?aren't I going to change? | senbaşharlıq tülmüse?1başharrıq tülmüse?aren't you going to change? | olbaşharlıq tülmüdü?1başharrıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to change? | bizbaşharlıq tülmübüz?1başharrıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to change? | sizbaşharlıq tülmüsüz?1başharrıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to change? | alabaşharlıq tülmüdüle?1başharrıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to change? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so başharrıqdı
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbaşharğan edimbaşharğanemI had changed | senbaşharğan ediŋbaşharğaneŋyou had changed | olbaşharğan edibaşharğanedhe had changed | bizbaşharğan edikbaşharğanekwe had changed | sizbaşharğan edigizbaşharğanegizyou all had changed | alabaşharğan edilebaşharğanellethey had changed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbaşharmağan edimbaşharmağanemI hadn't changed | senbaşharmağan ediŋbaşharmağaneŋyou hadn't changed | olbaşharmağan edibaşharmağanedhe hadn't changed | bizbaşharmağan edikbaşharmağanekwe hadn't changed | sizbaşharmağan edigizbaşharmağanegizyou all hadn't changed | alabaşharmağan edilebaşharmağanellethey hadn't changed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbaşhara edimbaşharaemI was changing | senbaşhara ediŋbaşharaeŋyou were changing | olbaşhara edibaşharaedhe was changing | bizbaşhara edikbaşharaekwe were changing | sizbaşhara edigizbaşharaegizyou all were changing | alabaşhara edilebaşharaellethey were changing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbaşharmay edimbaşharmayemI wasn't changing | senbaşharmay ediŋbaşharmayeŋyou weren't changing | olbaşharmay edibaşharmayedhe wasn't changing | bizbaşharmay edikbaşharmayekwe weren't changing | sizbaşharmay edigizbaşharmayegizyou all weren't changing | alabaşharmay edilebaşharmayellethey weren't changing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menbaşharıwçan edimbaşharıwçanemI used to change | senbaşharıwçan ediŋbaşharıwçaneŋyou used to change | olbaşharıwçan edibaşharıwçanedhe used to change | bizbaşharıwçan edikbaşharıwçanekwe used to change | sizbaşharıwçan edigizbaşharıwçanegizyou all used to change | alabaşharıwçan edilebaşharıwçanellethey used to change |
| Habitual past (used to) | menbaşharmawçan edimbaşharmawçanemI didn't use to change | senbaşharmawçan ediŋbaşharmawçaneŋyou didn't use to change | olbaşharmawçan edibaşharmawçanedhe didn't use to change | bizbaşharmawçan edikbaşharmawçanekwe didn't use to change | sizbaşharmawçan edigizbaşharmawçanegizyou all didn't use to change | alabaşharmawçan edilebaşharmawçanellethey didn't use to change |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olbaşharıb edihe had changed and remained so | alabaşharıb edilethey had changed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olbaşharıb tül edihe hadn't changed | alabaşharıb tül edilethey hadn't changed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menbaşharıb tura edimbaşharıb turaemI had kept changing | senbaşharıb tura ediŋbaşharıb turaeŋyou had kept changing | olbaşharıb tura edibaşharıb turaedhe had kept changing | bizbaşharıb tura edikbaşharıb turaekwe had kept changing | sizbaşharıb tura edigizbaşharıb turaegizyou all had kept changing | alabaşharıb tura edilebaşharıb turaellethey had kept changing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menbaşharıb turmay edimbaşharıb turmayemI hadn't kept changing | senbaşharıb turmay ediŋbaşharıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept changing | olbaşharıb turmay edibaşharıb turmayedhe hadn't kept changing | bizbaşharıb turmay edikbaşharıb turmayekwe hadn't kept changing | sizbaşharıb turmay edigizbaşharıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept changing | alabaşharıb turmay edilebaşharıb turmayellethey hadn't kept changing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbaşhara tura edimbaşhara turaemI was in the middle of changing | senbaşhara tura ediŋbaşhara turaeŋyou were in the middle of changing | olbaşhara tura edibaşhara turaedhe was in the middle of changing | bizbaşhara tura edikbaşhara turaekwe were in the middle of changing | sizbaşhara tura edigizbaşhara turaegizyou all were in the middle of changing | alabaşhara tura edilebaşhara turaellethey were in the middle of changing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbaşhara turmay edimbaşhara turmayemI wasn't in the middle of changing | senbaşhara turmay ediŋbaşhara turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of changing | olbaşhara turmay edibaşhara turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of changing | bizbaşhara turmay edikbaşhara turmayekwe weren't in the middle of changing | sizbaşhara turmay edigizbaşhara turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of changing | alabaşhara turmay edilebaşhara turmayellethey weren't in the middle of changing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menbaşharır edimbaşharır emI would change | senbaşharır ediŋbaşharır eŋyou would change | olbaşharır edibaşharır edhe would change | bizbaşharır edikbaşharır ekwe would change | sizbaşharır edigizbaşharır egizyou all would change | alabaşharır edilebaşharır ellethey would change |
| Conditional result (would) | menbaşharmaz edimbaşharmaz emI wouldn't change | senbaşharmaz ediŋbaşharmaz eŋyou wouldn't change | olbaşharmaz edibaşharmaz edhe wouldn't change | bizbaşharmaz edikbaşharmaz ekwe wouldn't change | sizbaşharmaz edigizbaşharmaz egizyou all wouldn't change | alabaşharmaz edilebaşharmaz ellethey wouldn't change |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menbaşharlıq edim2başharlıq embaşharrıq edimI would have changed | senbaşharlıq ediŋ2başharlıq eŋbaşharrıq ediŋyou would have changed | olbaşharlıq edi2başharlıq edbaşharrıq edihe would have changed | bizbaşharlıq edik2başharlıq ekbaşharrıq edikwe would have changed | sizbaşharlıq edigiz2başharlıq egizbaşharrıq edigizyou all would have changed | alabaşharlıq edile2başharlıq ellebaşharrıq edilethey would have changed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menbaşharlıq tül edim2başharlıq tül embaşharrıq tül edimI wouldn't have changed | senbaşharlıq tül ediŋ2başharlıq tül eŋbaşharrıq tül ediŋyou wouldn't have changed | olbaşharlıq tül edi2başharlıq tül edbaşharrıq tül edihe wouldn't have changed | bizbaşharlıq tül edik2başharlıq tül ekbaşharrıq tül edikwe wouldn't have changed | sizbaşharlıq tül edigiz2başharlıq tül egizbaşharrıq tül edigizyou all wouldn't have changed | alabaşharlıq tül edile2başharlıq tül ellebaşharrıq tül edilethey wouldn't have changed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so başharrıq edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menbaşharsamif I change | senbaşharsaŋif you change | olbaşharsaif he changes | bizbaşharsaqif we change | sizbaşharsağızif you all change | alabaşharsalaif they change |
| Conditional | menbaşharmasamif I don't change | senbaşharmasaŋif you don't change | olbaşharmasaif he doesn't change | bizbaşharmasaqif we don't change | sizbaşharmasağızif you all don't change | alabaşharmasalaif they don't change |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menbaşhara esemif I am changing | senbaşhara eseŋif you are changing | olbaşhara eseif he is changing | bizbaşhara esekif we are changing | sizbaşhara esegizif you all are changing | alabaşhara eseleif they are changing |
| Conditional, present real | menbaşharmay esemif I am not changing | senbaşharmay eseŋif you are not changing | olbaşharmay eseif he is not changing | bizbaşharmay esekif we are not changing | sizbaşharmay esegizif you all are not changing | alabaşharmay eseleif they are not changing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbaşharsam edibaşharsam edif only I changed | senbaşharsaŋ edibaşharsaŋ edif only you changed | olbaşharsa edibaşharsaedif only he changed | bizbaşharsaq edibaşharsaq edif only we changed | sizbaşharsağız edibaşharsağız edif only you all changed | alabaşharsala edibaşharsalaedif only they changed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbaşharmasam edibaşharmasam edif only I didn't change | senbaşharmasaŋ edibaşharmasaŋ edif only you didn't change | olbaşharmasa edibaşharmasaedif only he didn't change | bizbaşharmasaq edibaşharmasaq edif only we didn't change | sizbaşharmasağız edibaşharmasağız edif only you all didn't change | alabaşharmasala edibaşharmasalaedif only they didn't change |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menbaşharıb tursamif I carry on changing | senbaşharıb tursaŋif you carry on changing | olbaşharıb tursaif he carries on changing | bizbaşharıb tursaqif we carry on changing | sizbaşharıb tursağızif you all carry on changing | alabaşharıb tursalaif they carry on changing |
| Durative conditional | menbaşharıb turmasamif I don't carry on changing | senbaşharıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on changing | olbaşharıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on changing | bizbaşharıb turmasaqif we don't carry on changing | sizbaşharıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on changing | alabaşharıb turmasalaif they don't carry on changing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menbaşharıb tura esemif I have kept changing | senbaşharıb tura eseŋif you have kept changing | olbaşharıb tura eseif he has kept changing | bizbaşharıb tura esekif we have kept changing | sizbaşharıb tura esegizif you all have kept changing | alabaşharıb tura eseleif they have kept changing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menbaşharıb turmay esemif I haven't kept changing | senbaşharıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept changing | olbaşharıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept changing | bizbaşharıb turmay esekif we haven't kept changing | sizbaşharıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept changing | alabaşharıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept changing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menbaşhara tursamif I keep changing | senbaşhara tursaŋif you keep changing | olbaşhara tursaif he keeps changing | bizbaşhara tursaqif we keep changing | sizbaşhara tursağızif you all keep changing | alabaşhara tursalaif they keep changing |
| Progressive conditional | menbaşharmay tursamif I keep on not changing | senbaşharmay tursaŋif you keep on not changing | olbaşharmay tursaif he keeps on not changing | bizbaşharmay tursaqif we keep on not changing | sizbaşharmay tursağızif you all keep on not changing | alabaşharmay tursalaif they keep on not changing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbaşhara tura esemif I am in the middle of changing | senbaşhara tura eseŋif you are in the middle of changing | olbaşhara tura eseif he is in the middle of changing | bizbaşhara tura esekif we are in the middle of changing | sizbaşhara tura esegizif you all are in the middle of changing | alabaşhara tura eseleif they are in the middle of changing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbaşharmay tura esemif I keep on not changing | senbaşharmay tura eseŋif you keep on not changing | olbaşharmay tura eseif he keeps on not changing | bizbaşharmay tura esekif we keep on not changing | sizbaşharmay tura esegizif you all keep on not changing | alabaşharmay tura eseleif they keep on not changing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menbaşhardım esemif I changed | senbaşhardıŋ eseŋif you changed | olbaşhardı eseif he changed | bizbaşhardıq esekif we changed | sizbaşhardığız esegizif you all changed | alabaşhardıla eseleif they changed |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menbaşharmadım esemif I didn't change | senbaşharmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't change | olbaşharmadı eseif he didn't change | bizbaşharmadıq esekif we didn't change | sizbaşharmadığız esegizif you all didn't change | alabaşharmadıla eseleif they didn't change |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menbaşharğan esemif I did change (indeed) | senbaşharğan eseŋif you did change (indeed) | olbaşharğan eseif he did change (indeed) | bizbaşharğan esekif we did change (indeed) | sizbaşharğan esegizif you all did change (indeed) | alabaşharğan eseleif they did change (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menbaşharmağan esemif I didn't change (indeed) | senbaşharmağan eseŋif you didn't change (indeed) | olbaşharmağan eseif he didn't change (indeed) | bizbaşharmağan esekif we didn't change (indeed) | sizbaşharmağan esegizif you all didn't change (indeed) | alabaşharmağan eseleif they didn't change (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbaşharğan bolsamif I had changed | senbaşharğan bolsaŋif you had changed | olbaşharğan bolsaif he had changed | bizbaşharğan bolsaqif we had changed | sizbaşharğan bolsağızif you all had changed | alabaşharğan bolsalaif they had changed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbaşharmağan bolsamif I hadn't changed | senbaşharmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't changed | olbaşharmağan bolsaif he hadn't changed | bizbaşharmağan bolsaqif we hadn't changed | sizbaşharmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't changed | alabaşharmağan bolsalaif they hadn't changed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbaşharğan bolsam edibaşharğan bolsam edif only I had changed | senbaşharğan bolsaŋ edibaşharğan bolsaŋ edif only you had changed | olbaşharğan bolsa edibaşharğan bolsaedif only he had changed | bizbaşharğan bolsaq edibaşharğan bolsaq edif only we had changed | sizbaşharğan bolsağız edibaşharğan bolsağız edif only you all had changed | alabaşharğan bolsala edibaşharğan bolsalaedif only they had changed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbaşharmağan bolsam edibaşharmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't changed | senbaşharmağan bolsaŋ edibaşharmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't changed | olbaşharmağan bolsa edibaşharmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't changed | bizbaşharmağan bolsaq edibaşharmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't changed | sizbaşharmağan bolsağız edibaşharmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't changed | alabaşharmağan bolsala edibaşharmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't changed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menbaşharır esemif I will change | senbaşharır eseŋif you will change | olbaşharır eseif he will change | bizbaşharır esekif we will change | sizbaşharır esegizif you all will change | alabaşharır eseleif they will change |
| Conditional, aorist | menbaşharmaz esemif I won't change | senbaşharmaz eseŋif you won't change | olbaşharmaz eseif he won't change | bizbaşharmaz esekif we won't change | sizbaşharmaz esegizif you all won't change | alabaşharmaz eseleif they won't change |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menbaşharlıq esem4başharrıq esemif I am going to change | senbaşharlıq eseŋ4başharrıq eseŋif you are going to change | olbaşharlıq ese4başharrıq eseif he is going to change | bizbaşharlıq esek4başharrıq esekif we are going to change | sizbaşharlıq esegiz4başharrıq esegizif you all are going to change | alabaşharlıq esele4başharrıq eseleif they are going to change |
| Conditional, future | menbaşharlıq tül esem4başharrıq tül esemif I am not going to change | senbaşharlıq tül eseŋ4başharrıq tül eseŋif you are not going to change | olbaşharlıq tül ese4başharrıq tül eseif he is not going to change | bizbaşharlıq tül esek4başharrıq tül esekif we are not going to change | sizbaşharlıq tül esegiz4başharrıq tül esegizif you all are not going to change | alabaşharlıq tül esele4başharrıq tül eseleif they are not going to change |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menbaşharlıq bolsam5başharrıq bolsamif I were going to change | senbaşharlıq bolsaŋ5başharrıq bolsaŋif you were going to change | olbaşharlıq bolsa5başharrıq bolsaif he were going to change | bizbaşharlıq bolsaq5başharrıq bolsaqif we were going to change | sizbaşharlıq bolsağız5başharrıq bolsağızif you all were going to change | alabaşharlıq bolsala5başharrıq bolsalaif they were going to change |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menbaşharmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to change | senbaşharmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to change | olbaşharmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to change | bizbaşharmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to change | sizbaşharmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to change | alabaşharmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to change |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso başhardıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so başharrıq ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so başharrıq bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbaşhara bolurmaI must be changing | senbaşhara bolursayou must be changing | olbaşhara bolurhe must be changing | bizbaşhara bolurbuzwe must be changing | sizbaşhara bolursuzyou all must be changing | alabaşhara bolurlathey must be changing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbaşharmay bolurmaI must not be changing | senbaşharmay bolursayou must not be changing | olbaşharmay bolurhe must not be changing | bizbaşharmay bolurbuzwe must not be changing | sizbaşharmay bolursuzyou all must not be changing | alabaşharmay bolurlathey must not be changing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbaşhara tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of changing | senbaşhara tura bolursayou must be in the middle of changing | olbaşhara tura bolurhe must be in the middle of changing | bizbaşhara tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of changing | sizbaşhara tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of changing | alabaşhara tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of changing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbaşharmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not changing | senbaşharmay tura bolursayou must keep on not changing | olbaşharmay tura bolurhe must keep on not changing | bizbaşharmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not changing | sizbaşharmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not changing | alabaşharmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not changing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menbaşharğan bolurmaI must have changed | senbaşharğan bolursayou must have changed | olbaşharğan bolurhe must have changed | bizbaşharğan bolurbuzwe must have changed | sizbaşharğan bolursuzyou all must have changed | alabaşharğan bolurlathey must have changed |
| Inference (must have) | menbaşharmağan bolurmaI must not have changed | senbaşharmağan bolursayou must not have changed | olbaşharmağan bolurhe must not have changed | bizbaşharmağan bolurbuzwe must not have changed | sizbaşharmağan bolursuzyou all must not have changed | alabaşharmağan bolurlathey must not have changed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menbaşharlıq bolurma6başharrıq bolurmaI must be going to change | senbaşharlıq bolursa6başharrıq bolursayou must be going to change | olbaşharlıq bolur6başharrıq bolurhe must be going to change | bizbaşharlıq bolurbuz6başharrıq bolurbuzwe must be going to change | sizbaşharlıq bolursuz6başharrıq bolursuzyou all must be going to change | alabaşharlıq bolurla6başharrıq bolurlathey must be going to change |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menbaşharmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to change | senbaşharmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to change | olbaşharmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to change | bizbaşharmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to change | sizbaşharmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to change | alabaşharmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to change |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so başharrıq bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menbaşharayımlet me change | senbaşhar!change! | olbaşharsınlet him change | bizbaşharayıqlet's change | sizbaşharığız!change, you all! | alabaşharsınlalet them change |
| Commands & suggestions | menbaşharmayımlet me not change | senbaşharma!don't change! | olbaşharmasınlet him not change | bizbaşharmayıqlet's not change | sizbaşharmağız!don't change, you all! | alabaşharmasınlalet them not change |
| Commands & suggestions | menbaşharayımmı?shall I change? | olbaşharsınmı?should he change? | bizbaşharayıqmı?shall we change? | alabaşharsınlamı?should they change? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menbaşharmayımmı?shall I not change? | olbaşharmasınmı?should he not change? | bizbaşharmayıqmı?shall we not change? | alabaşharmasınlamı?should they not change? | ||
| Requests | senbaşharçı7başharçınplease change | olbaşharsınçıdo let him change | sizbaşharçığızplease change (plural/polite) | alabaşharsınlaçıdo let them change | ||
| Requests | senbaşharmaçı7başharmaçınplease don't change | olbaşharmasınçıdo let him not change | sizbaşharmaçığızplease don't change (plural/polite) | alabaşharmasınlaçıdo let them not change | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senbaşharğınbaşharğımay you change | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senbaşharmağınbaşharmağımay you not change | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbaşharğay edim başharğa edimwould that I changed | senbaşharğay ediŋ başharğa ediŋwould that you changed | olbaşharğay edi başharğa ediwould that he changed | bizbaşharğay edik başharğa edikwould that we changed | sizbaşharğay edigiz başharğa edigizwould that you all changed | alabaşharğay edile başharğa edilewould that they changed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbaşharmağay edim başharmağa edimwould that I did not change | senbaşharmağay ediŋ başharmağa ediŋwould that you did not change | olbaşharmağay edi başharmağa ediwould that he did not change | bizbaşharmağay edik başharmağa edikwould that we did not change | sizbaşharmağay edigiz başharmağa edigizwould that you all did not change | alabaşharmağay edile başharmağa edilewould that they did not change |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbaşharmağa qoyayımbaşharma qoyayımlet me allow someone to change | senbaşharmağa qoy!başharma qoy!let someone change! | olbaşharmağa qoysunbaşharma qoysunlet him allow someone to change | bizbaşharmağa qoyayıqbaşharma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to change | sizbaşharmağa qoyuğuz!başharma qoyuğuz!let someone change, you all! | alabaşharmağa qoysunlabaşharma qoysunlalet them allow someone to change |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbaşharmağa qoymayımbaşharma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to change | senbaşharmağa qoyma!başharma qoyma!don't let someone change! | olbaşharmağa qoymasınbaşharma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to change | bizbaşharmağa qoymayıqbaşharma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to change | sizbaşharmağa qoymağız!başharma qoymağız!don't let someone change, you all! | alabaşharmağa qoymasınlabaşharma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to change |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbaşharmağa qoyayımmı?başharma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to change? | olbaşharmağa qoysunmu?başharma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to change? | bizbaşharmağa qoyayıqmı?başharma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to change? | alabaşharmağa qoysunlamı?başharma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to change? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbaşharmağa qoymayımmı?başharma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to change? | olbaşharmağa qoymasınmı?başharma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to change? | bizbaşharmağa qoymayıqmı?başharma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to change? | alabaşharmağa qoymasınlamı?başharma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to change? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menbaşharmağa qoyamabaşharma qoyamaI allow someone to change | senbaşharmağa qoyasabaşharma qoyasayou allow someone to change | olbaşharmağa qoyadıbaşharma qoyadıhe allows someone to change | bizbaşharmağa qoyabızbaşharma qoyabızwe allow someone to change | sizbaşharmağa qoyasızbaşharma qoyasızyou all allow someone to change | alabaşharmağa qoyadılabaşharma qoyadılathey allow someone to change |
| Let someone… (present) | menbaşharmağa qoymaymabaşharma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to change | senbaşharmağa qoymaysabaşharma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to change | olbaşharmağa qoymaydıbaşharma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to change | bizbaşharmağa qoymaybızbaşharma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to change | sizbaşharmağa qoymaysızbaşharma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to change | alabaşharmağa qoymaydılabaşharma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to change |
| Let someone… (present) | menbaşharmağa qoyamamı?başharma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to change? | senbaşharmağa qoyamısa?başharma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to change? | olbaşharmağa qoyamıdı?başharma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to change? | bizbaşharmağa qoyabızmı?başharma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to change? | sizbaşharmağa qoyamısız?başharma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to change? | alabaşharmağa qoyamıdıla?başharma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to change? |
| Let someone… (present) | menbaşharmağa qoymaymamı?başharma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to change? | senbaşharmağa qoymaymısa?başharma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to change? | olbaşharmağa qoymaymıdı?başharma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to change? | bizbaşharmağa qoymaybızmı?başharma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to change? | sizbaşharmağa qoymaymısız?başharma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to change? | alabaşharmağa qoymaymıdıla?başharma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to change? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbaşharmağa qoydumbaşharma qoydumI allowed someone to change | senbaşharmağa qoyduŋbaşharma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to change | olbaşharmağa qoydubaşharma qoyduhe allowed someone to change | bizbaşharmağa qoyduqbaşharma qoyduqwe allowed someone to change | sizbaşharmağa qoyduğuzbaşharma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to change | alabaşharmağa qoydulabaşharma qoydulathey allowed someone to change |
| Let someone… (past) | menbaşharmağa qoymadımbaşharma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to change | senbaşharmağa qoymadıŋbaşharma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to change | olbaşharmağa qoymadıbaşharma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to change | bizbaşharmağa qoymadıqbaşharma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to change | sizbaşharmağa qoymadığızbaşharma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to change | alabaşharmağa qoymadılabaşharma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to change |
| Let someone… (past) | menbaşharmağa qoydummu?başharma qoydummu?did I allow someone to change? | senbaşharmağa qoyduŋmu?başharma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to change? | olbaşharmağa qoydumu?başharma qoydumu?did he allow someone to change? | bizbaşharmağa qoyduqmu?başharma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to change? | sizbaşharmağa qoyduğuzmu?başharma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to change? | alabaşharmağa qoydulamı?başharma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to change? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbaşharmağa qoymadımmı?başharma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to change? | senbaşharmağa qoymadıŋmı?başharma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to change? | olbaşharmağa qoymadımı?başharma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to change? | bizbaşharmağa qoymadıqmı?başharma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to change? | sizbaşharmağa qoymadığızmı?başharma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to change? | alabaşharmağa qoymadılamı?başharma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to change? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
başharalırğa be able to change · başharalmazğa be unable to change
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menbaşharalamaI can change | senbaşharalasayou can change | olbaşharaladıhe can change | bizbaşharalabızwe can change | sizbaşharalasızyou all can change | alabaşharaladılathey can change |
| Ability — present | menbaşharalmaymaI can't change | senbaşharalmaysayou can't change | olbaşharalmaydıhe can't change | bizbaşharalmaybızwe can't change | sizbaşharalmaysızyou all can't change | alabaşharalmaydılathey can't change |
| Ability — present | menbaşharalamamı? başharalamıma?can I change? | senbaşharalamısa?can you change? | olbaşharalamıdı?can he change? | bizbaşharalabızmı? başharalamıbız?can we change? | sizbaşharalamısız?can you all change? | alabaşharalamıdıla?can they change? |
| Ability — present | menbaşharalmaymamı? başharalmaymıma?can't I change? | senbaşharalmaymısa?can't you change? | olbaşharalmaymıdı?can't he change? | bizbaşharalmaybızmı? başharalmaymıbız?can't we change? | sizbaşharalmaymısız?can't you all change? | alabaşharalmaymıdıla?can't they change? |
| Ability — if I can… | menbaşharalsamif I can change | senbaşharalsaŋif you can change | olbaşharalsaif he can change | bizbaşharalsaqif we can change | sizbaşharalsağızif you all can change | alabaşharalsalaif they can change |
| Ability — if I can… | menbaşharalmasamif I can't change | senbaşharalmasaŋif you can't change | olbaşharalmasaif he can't change | bizbaşharalmasaqif we can't change | sizbaşharalmasağızif you all can't change | alabaşharalmasalaif they can't change |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menbaşharaldımI was able to change | senbaşharaldıŋyou were able to change | olbaşharaldıhe was able to change | bizbaşharaldıqwe were able to change | sizbaşharaldığızyou all were able to change | alabaşharaldılathey were able to change |
| Ability — simple past | menbaşharalmadımI could not change | senbaşharalmadıŋyou could not change | olbaşharalmadıhe could not change | bizbaşharalmadıqwe could not change | sizbaşharalmadığızyou all could not change | alabaşharalmadılathey could not change |
| Ability — simple past | menbaşharaldımmı?was I able to change? | senbaşharaldıŋmı?were you able to change? | olbaşharaldımı?was he able to change? | bizbaşharaldıqmı?were we able to change? | sizbaşharaldığızmı?were you all able to change? | alabaşharaldılamı?were they able to change? |
| Ability — simple past | menbaşharalmadımmı?couldn't I change? | senbaşharalmadıŋmı?couldn't you change? | olbaşharalmadımı?couldn't he change? | bizbaşharalmadıqmı?couldn't we change? | sizbaşharalmadığızmı?couldn't you all change? | alabaşharalmadılamı?couldn't they change? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbaşharalğanmaI have been able to change | senbaşharalğansayou have been able to change | olbaşharalğandıhe has been able to change | bizbaşharalğanbızwe have been able to change | sizbaşharalğansızyou all have been able to change | alabaşharalğandılathey have been able to change |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbaşharalmağanmaI haven't been able to change | senbaşharalmağansayou haven't been able to change | olbaşharalmağandıhe hasn't been able to change | bizbaşharalmağanbızwe haven't been able to change | sizbaşharalmağansızyou all haven't been able to change | alabaşharalmağandılathey haven't been able to change |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbaşharalğanmamı? başharalğanmıma?have I been able to change? | senbaşharalğanmısa?have you been able to change? | olbaşharalğanmıdı?has he been able to change? | bizbaşharalğanbızmı? başharalğanmıbız?have we been able to change? | sizbaşharalğanmısız?have you all been able to change? | alabaşharalğanmıdıla?have they been able to change? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbaşharalmağanmamı? başharalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to change? | senbaşharalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to change? | olbaşharalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to change? | bizbaşharalmağanbızmı? başharalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to change? | sizbaşharalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to change? | alabaşharalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to change? |
| Ability — past perfect | menbaşharalğan edimbaşharalğanemI had been able to change | senbaşharalğan ediŋbaşharalğaneŋyou had been able to change | olbaşharalğan edibaşharalğanedhe had been able to change | bizbaşharalğan edikbaşharalğanekwe had been able to change | sizbaşharalğan edigizbaşharalğanegizyou all had been able to change | alabaşharalğan edilebaşharalğanellethey had been able to change |
| Ability — past perfect | menbaşharalmağan edimbaşharalmağanemI hadn't been able to change | senbaşharalmağan ediŋbaşharalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to change | olbaşharalmağan edibaşharalmağanedhe hadn't been able to change | bizbaşharalmağan edikbaşharalmağanekwe hadn't been able to change | sizbaşharalmağan edigizbaşharalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to change | alabaşharalmağan edilebaşharalmağanellethey hadn't been able to change |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menbaşharala edimbaşharalaemI could change | senbaşharala ediŋbaşharalaeŋyou could change | olbaşharala edibaşharalaedhe could change | bizbaşharala edikbaşharalaekwe could change | sizbaşharala edigizbaşharalaegizyou all could change | alabaşharala edilebaşharalaellethey could change |
| Ability — past background | menbaşharalmay edimbaşharalmayemI could not change | senbaşharalmay ediŋbaşharalmayeŋyou could not change | olbaşharalmay edibaşharalmayedhe could not change | bizbaşharalmay edikbaşharalmayekwe could not change | sizbaşharalmay edigizbaşharalmayegizyou all could not change | alabaşharalmay edilebaşharalmayellethey could not change |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menbaşharalırmaI will be able to change | senbaşharalırsayou will be able to change | olbaşharalırhe will be able to change | bizbaşharalırbızwe will be able to change | sizbaşharalırsızyou all will be able to change | alabaşharalırlathey will be able to change |
| Ability — future I | menbaşharalmazmaI won't be able to change | senbaşharalmazsayou won't be able to change | olbaşharalmazhe won't be able to change | bizbaşharalmazbızwe won't be able to change | sizbaşharalmazsızyou all won't be able to change | alabaşharalmazlathey won't be able to change |
| Ability — future I | menbaşharalırmamı? başharalırmıma?will I be able to change? | senbaşharalırmısa?will you be able to change? | olbaşharalırmı?will he be able to change? | bizbaşharalırbızmı? başharalırmıbız?will we be able to change? | sizbaşharalırmısız?will you all be able to change? | alabaşharalırlamı? başharalırmıla?will they be able to change? |
| Ability — future I | menbaşharalmazmamı? başharalmazmıma?won't I be able to change? | senbaşharalmazmısa?won't you be able to change? | olbaşharalmazmı?won't he be able to change? | bizbaşharalmazbızmı? başharalmazmıbız?won't we be able to change? | sizbaşharalmazmısız?won't you all be able to change? | alabaşharalmazlamı? başharalmazmıla?won't they be able to change? |
| Ability — future II | menbaşharallıqmaI am going to be able to change | senbaşharallıqsayou are going to be able to change | olbaşharallıqdıhe is going to be able to change | bizbaşharallıqbızwe are going to be able to change | sizbaşharallıqsızyou all are going to be able to change | alabaşharallıqdılathey are going to be able to change |
| Ability — future II | menbaşharallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to change | senbaşharallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to change | olbaşharallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to change | bizbaşharallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to change | sizbaşharallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to change | alabaşharallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to change |
| Ability — future II | menbaşharallıqmamı? başharallıqmıma?am I going to be able to change? | senbaşharallıqmısa?are you going to be able to change? | olbaşharallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to change? | bizbaşharallıqbızmı? başharallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to change? | sizbaşharallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to change? | alabaşharallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to change? |
| Ability — future II | menbaşharallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to change? | senbaşharallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to change? | olbaşharallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to change? | bizbaşharallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to change? | sizbaşharallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to change? | alabaşharallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to change? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menbaşharalır edimbaşharalır emI would be able to change | senbaşharalır ediŋbaşharalır eŋyou would be able to change | olbaşharalır edibaşharalır edhe would be able to change | bizbaşharalır edikbaşharalır ekwe would be able to change | sizbaşharalır edigizbaşharalır egizyou all would be able to change | alabaşharalır edilebaşharalır ellethey would be able to change |
| Ability — would be able to… | menbaşharalmaz edimbaşharalmaz emI wouldn't be able to change | senbaşharalmaz ediŋbaşharalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to change | olbaşharalmaz edibaşharalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to change | bizbaşharalmaz edikbaşharalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to change | sizbaşharalmaz edigizbaşharalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to change | alabaşharalmaz edilebaşharalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to change |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senbaşharalğınbaşharalğımay you be able to change | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senbaşharalmağınbaşharalmağımay you not be able to change | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menbaşharırğa izleymeI want to change | senbaşharırğa izleyseyou want to change | olbaşharırğa izleydihe wants to change | bizbaşharırğa izleybizwe want to change | sizbaşharırğa izleysizyou all want to change | alabaşharırğa izleydilethey want to change |
| want to | menbaşharırğa izlemeymeI do not want to change | senbaşharırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to change | olbaşharırğa izlemeydihe does not want to change | bizbaşharırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to change | sizbaşharırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to change | alabaşharırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to change |
| would like to | menbaşharırğa süemeI would like to change | senbaşharırğa süeseyou would like to change | olbaşharırğa süedihe would like to change | bizbaşharırğa süebizwe would like to change | sizbaşharırğa süesizyou all would like to change | alabaşharırğa süedilethey would like to change |
| would like to | menbaşharırğa süymeymeI would not like to change | senbaşharırğa süymeyseyou would not like to change | olbaşharırğa süymeydihe would not like to change | bizbaşharırğa süymeybizwe would not like to change | sizbaşharırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to change | alabaşharırğa süymeydilethey would not like to change |
| hope to | menbaşharırğa umutlanamaI hope to change | senbaşharırğa umutlanasayou hope to change | olbaşharırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to change | bizbaşharırğa umutlanabızwe hope to change | sizbaşharırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to change | alabaşharırğa umutlanadılathey hope to change |
| hope to | menbaşharırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to change | senbaşharırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to change | olbaşharırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to change | bizbaşharırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to change | sizbaşharırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to change | alabaşharırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to change |
| be about to | menbaşharırğa deb turamaI am about to change | senbaşharırğa deb turasayou are about to change | olbaşharırğa deb turadıhe is about to change | bizbaşharırğa deb turabızwe are about to change | sizbaşharırğa deb turasızyou all are about to change | alabaşharırğa deb turadılathey are about to change |
| be about to | menbaşharırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to change | senbaşharırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to change | olbaşharırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to change | bizbaşharırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to change | sizbaşharırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to change | alabaşharırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to change |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menbaşharırğa kerekmeI need to change | senbaşharırğa kerekseyou need to change | olbaşharırğa kerekdihe needs to change | bizbaşharırğa kerekbizwe need to change | sizbaşharırğa kereksizyou all need to change | alabaşharırğa kerekdilethey need to change |
| need to | menbaşharırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to change | senbaşharırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to change | olbaşharırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to change | bizbaşharırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to change | sizbaşharırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to change | alabaşharırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to change |
| have to | menmenŋe başharırğa tüşediI have to change | sensenŋe başharırğa tüşediyou have to change | olaŋa başharırğa tüşedihe has to change | bizbizge başharırğa tüşediwe have to change | sizsizge başharırğa tüşediyou all have to change | alaalağa başharırğa tüşedithey have to change |
| have to | menmenŋe başharırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to change | sensenŋe başharırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to change | olaŋa başharırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to change | bizbizge başharırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to change | sizsizge başharırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to change | alaalağa başharırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to change |
| be obliged to | menbaşharırğa borçlumaI am obliged to change | senbaşharırğa borçlusayou are obliged to change | olbaşharırğa borçluduhe is obliged to change | bizbaşharırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to change | sizbaşharırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to change | alabaşharırğa borçludulathey are obliged to change |
| be obliged to | menbaşharırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to change | senbaşharırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to change | olbaşharırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to change | bizbaşharırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to change | sizbaşharırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to change | alabaşharırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to change |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menbaşharırğa madarım bardıI have a way to change | senbaşharırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to change | olbaşharırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to change | bizbaşharırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to change | sizbaşharırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to change | alabaşharırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to change |
| have a way to | menbaşharırğa madarım joqduI have no way to change | senbaşharırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to change | olbaşharırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to change | bizbaşharırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to change | sizbaşharırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to change | alabaşharırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to change |
| be free to | menbaşharırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to change | senbaşharırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to change | olbaşharırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to change | bizbaşharırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to change | sizbaşharırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to change | alabaşharırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to change |
| be free to | menbaşharırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to change | senbaşharırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to change | olbaşharırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to change | bizbaşharırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to change | sizbaşharırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to change | alabaşharırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to change |
| be possible to | menmenŋe başharırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to change | sensenŋe başharırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to change | olaŋa başharırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to change | bizbizge başharırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to change | sizsizge başharırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to change | alaalağa başharırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to change |
| be possible to | menmenŋe başharırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to change | sensenŋe başharırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to change | olaŋa başharırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to change | bizbizge başharırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to change | sizsizge başharırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to change | alaalağa başharırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to change |
| be ready to | menbaşharırğa hazırmaI am ready to change | senbaşharırğa hazırsayou are ready to change | olbaşharırğa hazırdıhe is ready to change | bizbaşharırğa hazırbızwe are ready to change | sizbaşharırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to change | alabaşharırğa hazırdılathey are ready to change |
| be ready to | menbaşharırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to change | senbaşharırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to change | olbaşharırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to change | bizbaşharırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to change | sizbaşharırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to change | alabaşharırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to change |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menbaşharırğa küreşemeI am trying to change | senbaşharırğa küreşeseyou are trying to change | olbaşharırğa küreşedihe is trying to change | bizbaşharırğa küreşebizwe are trying to change | sizbaşharırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to change | alabaşharırğa küreşedilethey are trying to change |
| try to | menbaşharırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to change | senbaşharırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to change | olbaşharırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to change | bizbaşharırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to change | sizbaşharırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to change | alabaşharırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to change |
| agree to | menbaşharırğa unaymaI agree to change | senbaşharırğa unaysayou agree to change | olbaşharırğa unaydıhe agrees to change | bizbaşharırğa unaybızwe agree to change | sizbaşharırğa unaysızyou all agree to change | alabaşharırğa unaydılathey agree to change |
| agree to | menbaşharırğa unamaymaI refuse to change | senbaşharırğa unamaysayou refuse to change | olbaşharırğa unamaydıhe refuses to change | bizbaşharırğa unamaybızwe refuse to change | sizbaşharırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to change | alabaşharırğa unamaydılathey refuse to change |
| hurry to | menbaşharırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to change | senbaşharırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to change | olbaşharırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to change | bizbaşharırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to change | sizbaşharırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to change | alabaşharırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to change |
| hurry to | menbaşharırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to change | senbaşharırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to change | olbaşharırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to change | bizbaşharırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to change | sizbaşharırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to change | alabaşharırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to change |
| be afraid to | menbaşharırğa qorqamaI am afraid to change | senbaşharırğa qorqasayou are afraid to change | olbaşharırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to change | bizbaşharırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to change | sizbaşharırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to change | alabaşharırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to change |
| be afraid to | menbaşharırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to change | senbaşharırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to change | olbaşharırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to change | bizbaşharırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to change | sizbaşharırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to change | alabaşharırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to change |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menbaşhara bolmazmaI can't be changing | senbaşhara bolmazsayou can't be changing | olbaşhara bolmazhe can't be changing | bizbaşhara bolmazbızwe can't be changing | sizbaşhara bolmazsızyou all can't be changing | alabaşhara bolmazlathey can't be changing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menbaşharmay bolmazmaI must be changing (emphatic) | senbaşharmay bolmazsayou must be changing (emphatic) | olbaşharmay bolmazhe must be changing (emphatic) | bizbaşharmay bolmazbızwe must be changing (emphatic) | sizbaşharmay bolmazsızyou all must be changing (emphatic) | alabaşharmay bolmazlathey must be changing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menbaşhara turmasamif I don't keep changing | senbaşhara turmasaŋif you don't keep changing | olbaşhara turmasaif he doesn't keep changing | bizbaşhara turmasaqif we don't keep changing | sizbaşhara turmasağızif you all don't keep changing | alabaşhara turmasalaif they don't keep changing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menbaşhara tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of changing | senbaşhara tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of changing | olbaşhara tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of changing | bizbaşhara tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of changing | sizbaşhara tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of changing | alabaşhara tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of changing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menbaşharmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not changing (emphatic) | senbaşharmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not changing (emphatic) | olbaşharmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not changing (emphatic) | bizbaşharmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not changing (emphatic) | sizbaşharmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not changing (emphatic) | alabaşharmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not changing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menbaşharmay turamaI keep on not changing | senbaşharmay turasayou keep on not changing | olbaşharmay turadıhe keeps on not changing | bizbaşharmay turabızwe keep on not changing | sizbaşharmay turasızyou all keep on not changing | alabaşharmay turadılathey keep on not changing |
| Progressive — double negation | menbaşharmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not changing | senbaşharmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not changing | olbaşharmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not changing | bizbaşharmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not changing | sizbaşharmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not changing | alabaşharmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not changing |
| Progressive — double negation | menbaşharmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not changing? | senbaşharmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not changing? | olbaşharmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not changing? | bizbaşharmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not changing? | sizbaşharmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not changing? | alabaşharmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not changing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menbaşharğan bolmazmaI can't have changed | senbaşharğan bolmazsayou can't have changed | olbaşharğan bolmazhe can't have changed | bizbaşharğan bolmazbızwe can't have changed | sizbaşharğan bolmazsızyou all can't have changed | alabaşharğan bolmazlathey can't have changed |
| Inference — double negation | menbaşharmağan bolmazmaI must have changed (emphatic) | senbaşharmağan bolmazsayou must have changed (emphatic) | olbaşharmağan bolmazhe must have changed (emphatic) | bizbaşharmağan bolmazbızwe must have changed (emphatic) | sizbaşharmağan bolmazsızyou all must have changed (emphatic) | alabaşharmağan bolmazlathey must have changed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menbaşharğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had changed | senbaşharğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had changed | olbaşharğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had changed | bizbaşharğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had changed | sizbaşharğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had changed | alabaşharğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had changed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menbaşharmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't changed | senbaşharmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't changed | olbaşharmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't changed | bizbaşharmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't changed | sizbaşharmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't changed | alabaşharmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't changed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menbaşharlıq bolmazmaI can't be going to change | senbaşharlıq bolmazsayou can't be going to change | olbaşharlıq bolmazhe can't be going to change | bizbaşharlıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to change | sizbaşharlıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to change | alabaşharlıq bolmazlathey can't be going to change |
| Inference, future — double negation | menbaşharmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to change (emphatic) | senbaşharmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to change (emphatic) | olbaşharmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to change (emphatic) | bizbaşharmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to change (emphatic) | sizbaşharmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to change (emphatic) | alabaşharmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to change (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menbaşharlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to change | senbaşharlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to change | olbaşharlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to change | bizbaşharlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to change | sizbaşharlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to change | alabaşharlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to change |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menbaşharmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to change | senbaşharmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to change | olbaşharmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to change | bizbaşharmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to change | sizbaşharmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to change | alabaşharmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to change |