asarğa
/asarʁa/
1. hang, hang up, suspend
- sawutların şaptal tereklege sora asdıla — then they hung their weapons on the peach trees
- suratnı qabırğağa asdı — he hung the picture on the wall
- kiyimlerimi asdım — I hung up my clothes
- kiyimni asarğa — to hang up the clothes
- artmaqnı asarğa — to hang up the saddlebag
2. hang over the fire, put on to cook — Usually said of a pot or cauldron: çoyun asarğa, otha qazan asarğa.
- çoyun asarğa — to hang the cauldron over the fire
- otha asarğa — to hang it over the fire
- otha et qazan asdıla — they hung the meat pot over the fire
- otha suw as — put water on the fire
- qazannı otha asdım — I hung the pot over the fire
- qazan asdıla — they hung the pot over the fire
3. hang someone, execute by hanging
- asmaqğa asarğa — to hang someone on the gallows
- anı asmaqğa asdıla — they hanged him on the gallows
- bir jarım sağatdan meni asarıqdıla — they will hang me in an hour and a half
- kesiŋi asarğa — to hang oneself
- kesin ashan — one who has hanged himself
Expressions
- asmağından asarğa — coerce someone
- suwsuz qazan asarğa — light a pipe
Conjugation
Common forms
- asadıhe is hanging
- asdıhe hung
- ashandıhe has hung
- asarhe will hang
- asarıqdıhe is going to hang
- asa edihe was hanging
- assaif he hangs
- as!hang!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menasamaI am hanging | senasasayou are hanging | olasadıhe is hanging | bizasabızwe are hanging | sizasasızyou all are hanging | alaasadılathey are hanging |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menasmaymaI am not hanging | senasmaysayou are not hanging | olasmaydıhe is not hanging | bizasmaybızwe are not hanging | sizasmaysızyou all are not hanging | alaasmaydılathey are not hanging |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menasamamı? asamıma?am I hanging? | senasamısa?are you hanging? | olasamıdı?is he hanging? | bizasabızmı? asamıbız?are we hanging? | sizasamısız?are you all hanging? | alaasamıdıla?are they hanging? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menasmaymamı? asmaymıma?aren't I hanging? | senasmaymısa?aren't you hanging? | olasmaymıdı?isn't he hanging? | bizasmaybızmı? asmaymıbız?aren't we hanging? | sizasmaymısız?aren't you all hanging? | alaasmaymıdıla?aren't they hanging? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menasıwçanmaI usually hang | senasıwçansayou usually hang | olasıwçandıhe usually hangs | bizasıwçanbızwe usually hang | sizasıwçansızyou all usually hang | alaasıwçandılathey usually hang |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menasmawçanmaI usually don't hang | senasmawçansayou usually don't hang | olasmawçandıhe usually doesn't hang | bizasmawçanbızwe usually don't hang | sizasmawçansızyou all usually don't hang | alaasmawçandılathey usually don't hang |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menasıwçanmamı? asıwçanmıma?do I usually hang? | senasıwçanmısa?do you usually hang? | olasıwçanmıdı?does he usually hang? | bizasıwçanbızmı? asıwçanmıbız?do we usually hang? | sizasıwçanmısız?do you all usually hang? | alaasıwçanmıdıla?do they usually hang? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menasmawçanmamı? asmawçanmıma?do I usually not hang? | senasmawçanmısa?do you usually not hang? | olasmawçanmıdı?does he usually not hang? | bizasmawçanbızmı? asmawçanmıbız?do we usually not hang? | sizasmawçanmısız?do you all usually not hang? | alaasmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not hang? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olasıbdıhe has hung and remains so | alaasıbdılathey have hung and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olasıbmıdı?has he hung? | alaasıbmıdıla?have they hung? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menasıb turamaI keep hanging | senasıb turasayou keep hanging | olasıb turadıhe keeps hanging | bizasıb turabızwe keep hanging | sizasıb turasızyou all keep hanging | alaasıb turadılathey keep hanging |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menasıb turmaymaI don't keep hanging | senasıb turmaysayou don't keep hanging | olasıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep hanging | bizasıb turmaybızwe don't keep hanging | sizasıb turmaysızyou all don't keep hanging | alaasıb turmaydılathey don't keep hanging |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menasıb turamamı? asıb turamıma?do I keep hanging? | senasıb turamısa?do you keep hanging? | olasıb turamıdı?does he keep hanging? | bizasıb turabızmı? asıb turamıbız?do we keep hanging? | sizasıb turamısız?do you all keep hanging? | alaasıb turamıdıla?do they keep hanging? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menasıb turmaymamı? asıb turmaymıma?don't I keep hanging? | senasıb turmaymısa?don't you keep hanging? | olasıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep hanging? | bizasıb turmaybızmı? asıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep hanging? | sizasıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep hanging? | alaasıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep hanging? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menasa turamaI am in the middle of hanging | senasa turasayou are in the middle of hanging | olasa turadıhe is in the middle of hanging | bizasa turabızwe are in the middle of hanging | sizasa turasızyou all are in the middle of hanging | alaasa turadılathey are in the middle of hanging |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menasa turmaymaI am not in the middle of hanging | senasa turmaysayou are not in the middle of hanging | olasa turmaydıhe is not in the middle of hanging | bizasa turmaybızwe are not in the middle of hanging | sizasa turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of hanging | alaasa turmaydılathey are not in the middle of hanging |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menasa turamamı? asa turamıma?am I in the middle of hanging? | senasa turamısa?are you in the middle of hanging? | olasa turamıdı?is he in the middle of hanging? | bizasa turabızmı? asa turamıbız?are we in the middle of hanging? | sizasa turamısız?are you all in the middle of hanging? | alaasa turamıdıla?are they in the middle of hanging? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menasa turmaymamı? asa turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of hanging? | senasa turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of hanging? | olasa turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of hanging? | bizasa turmaybızmı? asa turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of hanging? | sizasa turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of hanging? | alaasa turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of hanging? |
| Simple past (definite) | menasdımI hung | senasdıŋyou hung | olasdıhe hung | bizasdıqwe hung | sizasdığızyou all hung | alaasdılathey hung |
| Simple past (definite) | menasmadımI didn't hang | senasmadıŋyou didn't hang | olasmadıhe didn't hang | bizasmadıqwe didn't hang | sizasmadığızyou all didn't hang | alaasmadılathey didn't hang |
| Simple past (definite) | menasdımmı?did I hang? | senasdıŋmı?did you hang? | olasdımı?did he hang? | bizasdıqmı?did we hang? | sizasdığızmı?did you all hang? | alaasdılamı?did they hang? |
| Simple past (definite) | menasmadımmı?didn't I hang? | senasmadıŋmı?didn't you hang? | olasmadımı?didn't he hang? | bizasmadıqmı?didn't we hang? | sizasmadığızmı?didn't you all hang? | alaasmadılamı?didn't they hang? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menashanmaI have hung | senashansayou have hung | olashandıhe has hung | bizashanbızwe have hung | sizashansızyou all have hung | alaashandılathey have hung |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menasmağanmaI haven't hung | senasmağansayou haven't hung | olasmağandıhe hasn't hung | bizasmağanbızwe haven't hung | sizasmağansızyou all haven't hung | alaasmağandılathey haven't hung |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menashanmamı? ashanmıma?have I hung? | senashanmısa?have you hung? | olashanmıdı?has he hung? | bizashanbızmı? ashanmıbız?have we hung? | sizashanmısız?have you all hung? | alaashanmıdıla?have they hung? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menasmağanmamı? asmağanmıma?haven't I hung? | senasmağanmısa?haven't you hung? | olasmağanmıdı?hasn't he hung? | bizasmağanbızmı? asmağanmıbız?haven't we hung? | sizasmağanmısız?haven't you all hung? | alaasmağanmıdıla?haven't they hung? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menasıb turdumI kept hanging | senasıb turduŋyou kept hanging | olasıb turduhe kept hanging | bizasıb turduqwe kept hanging | sizasıb turduğuzyou all kept hanging | alaasıb turdulathey kept hanging |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menasıb turmadımI didn't keep hanging | senasıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep hanging | olasıb turmadıhe didn't keep hanging | bizasıb turmadıqwe didn't keep hanging | sizasıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep hanging | alaasıb turmadılathey didn't keep hanging |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menasarmaI will hang | senasarsayou will hang | olasarhe will hang | bizasarbızwe will hang | sizasarsızyou all will hang | alaasarlathey will hang |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menasmazmaI won't hang | senasmazsayou won't hang | olasmazhe won't hang | bizasmazbızwe won't hang | sizasmazsızyou all won't hang | alaasmazlathey won't hang |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menasarmamı? asarmıma?will I hang? | senasarmısa?will you hang? | olasarmı?will he hang? | bizasarbızmı? asarmıbız?will we hang? | sizasarmısız?will you all hang? | alaasarlamı? asarmıla?will they hang? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menasmazmamı? asmazmıma?won't I hang? | senasmazmısa?won't you hang? | olasmazmı?won't he hang? | bizasmazbızmı? asmazmıbız?won't we hang? | sizasmazmısız?won't you all hang? | alaasmazlamı? asmazmıla?won't they hang? |
| Definite future (future II) | menasarıqmaI am going to hang | senasarıqsayou are going to hang | olasarıqdıhe is going to hang | bizasarıqbızwe are going to hang | sizasarıqsızyou all are going to hang | alaasarıqdılathey are going to hang |
| Definite future (future II) | menasarıq tülmeI am not going to hang | senasarıq tülseyou are not going to hang | olasarıq tüldühe is not going to hang | bizasarıq tülbüzwe are not going to hang | sizasarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to hang | alaasarıq tüldülethey are not going to hang |
| Definite future (future II) | menasarıqmamı? asarıqmıma?am I going to hang? | senasarıqmısa?are you going to hang? | olasarıqmıdı?is he going to hang? | bizasarıqbızmı? asarıqmıbız?are we going to hang? | sizasarıqmısız?are you all going to hang? | alaasarıqmıdıla?are they going to hang? |
| Definite future (future II) | menasarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to hang? | senasarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to hang? | olasarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to hang? | bizasarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to hang? | sizasarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to hang? | alaasarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to hang? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menashan edimashanemI had hung | senashan ediŋashaneŋyou had hung | olashan ediashanedhe had hung | bizashan edikashanekwe had hung | sizashan edigizashanegizyou all had hung | alaashan edileashanellethey had hung |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menasmağan edimasmağanemI hadn't hung | senasmağan ediŋasmağaneŋyou hadn't hung | olasmağan ediasmağanedhe hadn't hung | bizasmağan edikasmağanekwe hadn't hung | sizasmağan edigizasmağanegizyou all hadn't hung | alaasmağan edileasmağanellethey hadn't hung |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menasa edimasaemI was hanging | senasa ediŋasaeŋyou were hanging | olasa ediasaedhe was hanging | bizasa edikasaekwe were hanging | sizasa edigizasaegizyou all were hanging | alaasa edileasaellethey were hanging |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menasmay edimasmayemI wasn't hanging | senasmay ediŋasmayeŋyou weren't hanging | olasmay ediasmayedhe wasn't hanging | bizasmay edikasmayekwe weren't hanging | sizasmay edigizasmayegizyou all weren't hanging | alaasmay edileasmayellethey weren't hanging |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menasıwçan edimasıwçanemI used to hang | senasıwçan ediŋasıwçaneŋyou used to hang | olasıwçan ediasıwçanedhe used to hang | bizasıwçan edikasıwçanekwe used to hang | sizasıwçan edigizasıwçanegizyou all used to hang | alaasıwçan edileasıwçanellethey used to hang |
| Habitual past (used to) | menasmawçan edimasmawçanemI didn't use to hang | senasmawçan ediŋasmawçaneŋyou didn't use to hang | olasmawçan ediasmawçanedhe didn't use to hang | bizasmawçan edikasmawçanekwe didn't use to hang | sizasmawçan edigizasmawçanegizyou all didn't use to hang | alaasmawçan edileasmawçanellethey didn't use to hang |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olasıb edihe had hung and remained so | alaasıb edilethey had hung and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olasıb tül edihe hadn't hung | alaasıb tül edilethey hadn't hung | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menasıb tura edimasıb turaemI had kept hanging | senasıb tura ediŋasıb turaeŋyou had kept hanging | olasıb tura ediasıb turaedhe had kept hanging | bizasıb tura edikasıb turaekwe had kept hanging | sizasıb tura edigizasıb turaegizyou all had kept hanging | alaasıb tura edileasıb turaellethey had kept hanging |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menasıb turmay edimasıb turmayemI hadn't kept hanging | senasıb turmay ediŋasıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept hanging | olasıb turmay ediasıb turmayedhe hadn't kept hanging | bizasıb turmay edikasıb turmayekwe hadn't kept hanging | sizasıb turmay edigizasıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept hanging | alaasıb turmay edileasıb turmayellethey hadn't kept hanging |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menasa tura edimasa turaemI was in the middle of hanging | senasa tura ediŋasa turaeŋyou were in the middle of hanging | olasa tura ediasa turaedhe was in the middle of hanging | bizasa tura edikasa turaekwe were in the middle of hanging | sizasa tura edigizasa turaegizyou all were in the middle of hanging | alaasa tura edileasa turaellethey were in the middle of hanging |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menasa turmay edimasa turmayemI wasn't in the middle of hanging | senasa turmay ediŋasa turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of hanging | olasa turmay ediasa turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of hanging | bizasa turmay edikasa turmayekwe weren't in the middle of hanging | sizasa turmay edigizasa turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of hanging | alaasa turmay edileasa turmayellethey weren't in the middle of hanging |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menasar edimasar emI would hang | senasar ediŋasar eŋyou would hang | olasar ediasar edhe would hang | bizasar edikasar ekwe would hang | sizasar edigizasar egizyou all would hang | alaasar edileasar ellethey would hang |
| Conditional result (would) | menasmaz edimasmaz emI wouldn't hang | senasmaz ediŋasmaz eŋyou wouldn't hang | olasmaz ediasmaz edhe wouldn't hang | bizasmaz edikasmaz ekwe wouldn't hang | sizasmaz edigizasmaz egizyou all wouldn't hang | alaasmaz edileasmaz ellethey wouldn't hang |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menasarıq edimasarıq emI would have hung | senasarıq ediŋasarıq eŋyou would have hung | olasarıq ediasarıq edhe would have hung | bizasarıq edikasarıq ekwe would have hung | sizasarıq edigizasarıq egizyou all would have hung | alaasarıq edileasarıq ellethey would have hung |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menasarıq tül edimasarıq tül emI wouldn't have hung | senasarıq tül ediŋasarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have hung | olasarıq tül ediasarıq tül edhe wouldn't have hung | bizasarıq tül edikasarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have hung | sizasarıq tül edigizasarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have hung | alaasarıq tül edileasarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have hung |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menassamif I hang | senassaŋif you hang | olassaif he hangs | bizassaqif we hang | sizassağızif you all hang | alaassalaif they hang |
| Conditional | menasmasamif I don't hang | senasmasaŋif you don't hang | olasmasaif he doesn't hang | bizasmasaqif we don't hang | sizasmasağızif you all don't hang | alaasmasalaif they don't hang |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menasa esemif I am hanging | senasa eseŋif you are hanging | olasa eseif he is hanging | bizasa esekif we are hanging | sizasa esegizif you all are hanging | alaasa eseleif they are hanging |
| Conditional, present real | menasmay esemif I am not hanging | senasmay eseŋif you are not hanging | olasmay eseif he is not hanging | bizasmay esekif we are not hanging | sizasmay esegizif you all are not hanging | alaasmay eseleif they are not hanging |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menassam ediassam edif only I hung | senassaŋ ediassaŋ edif only you hung | olassa ediassaedif only he hung | bizassaq ediassaq edif only we hung | sizassağız ediassağız edif only you all hung | alaassala ediassalaedif only they hung |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menasmasam ediasmasam edif only I didn't hang | senasmasaŋ ediasmasaŋ edif only you didn't hang | olasmasa ediasmasaedif only he didn't hang | bizasmasaq ediasmasaq edif only we didn't hang | sizasmasağız ediasmasağız edif only you all didn't hang | alaasmasala ediasmasalaedif only they didn't hang |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menasıb tursamif I carry on hanging | senasıb tursaŋif you carry on hanging | olasıb tursaif he carries on hanging | bizasıb tursaqif we carry on hanging | sizasıb tursağızif you all carry on hanging | alaasıb tursalaif they carry on hanging |
| Durative conditional | menasıb turmasamif I don't carry on hanging | senasıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on hanging | olasıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on hanging | bizasıb turmasaqif we don't carry on hanging | sizasıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on hanging | alaasıb turmasalaif they don't carry on hanging |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menasıb tura esemif I have kept hanging | senasıb tura eseŋif you have kept hanging | olasıb tura eseif he has kept hanging | bizasıb tura esekif we have kept hanging | sizasıb tura esegizif you all have kept hanging | alaasıb tura eseleif they have kept hanging |
| Durative conditional, present real | menasıb turmay esemif I haven't kept hanging | senasıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept hanging | olasıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept hanging | bizasıb turmay esekif we haven't kept hanging | sizasıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept hanging | alaasıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept hanging |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menasa tursamif I keep hanging | senasa tursaŋif you keep hanging | olasa tursaif he keeps hanging | bizasa tursaqif we keep hanging | sizasa tursağızif you all keep hanging | alaasa tursalaif they keep hanging |
| Progressive conditional | menasmay tursamif I keep on not hanging | senasmay tursaŋif you keep on not hanging | olasmay tursaif he keeps on not hanging | bizasmay tursaqif we keep on not hanging | sizasmay tursağızif you all keep on not hanging | alaasmay tursalaif they keep on not hanging |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menasa tura esemif I am in the middle of hanging | senasa tura eseŋif you are in the middle of hanging | olasa tura eseif he is in the middle of hanging | bizasa tura esekif we are in the middle of hanging | sizasa tura esegizif you all are in the middle of hanging | alaasa tura eseleif they are in the middle of hanging |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menasmay tura esemif I keep on not hanging | senasmay tura eseŋif you keep on not hanging | olasmay tura eseif he keeps on not hanging | bizasmay tura esekif we keep on not hanging | sizasmay tura esegizif you all keep on not hanging | alaasmay tura eseleif they keep on not hanging |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menasdım esemif I hung | senasdıŋ eseŋif you hung | olasdı eseif he hung | bizasdıq esekif we hung | sizasdığız esegizif you all hung | alaasdıla eseleif they hung |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menasmadım esemif I didn't hang | senasmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't hang | olasmadı eseif he didn't hang | bizasmadıq esekif we didn't hang | sizasmadığız esegizif you all didn't hang | alaasmadıla eseleif they didn't hang |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menashan esemif I did hang (indeed) | senashan eseŋif you did hang (indeed) | olashan eseif he did hang (indeed) | bizashan esekif we did hang (indeed) | sizashan esegizif you all did hang (indeed) | alaashan eseleif they did hang (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menasmağan esemif I didn't hang (indeed) | senasmağan eseŋif you didn't hang (indeed) | olasmağan eseif he didn't hang (indeed) | bizasmağan esekif we didn't hang (indeed) | sizasmağan esegizif you all didn't hang (indeed) | alaasmağan eseleif they didn't hang (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menashan bolsamif I had hung | senashan bolsaŋif you had hung | olashan bolsaif he had hung | bizashan bolsaqif we had hung | sizashan bolsağızif you all had hung | alaashan bolsalaif they had hung |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menasmağan bolsamif I hadn't hung | senasmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't hung | olasmağan bolsaif he hadn't hung | bizasmağan bolsaqif we hadn't hung | sizasmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't hung | alaasmağan bolsalaif they hadn't hung |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menashan bolsam ediashan bolsam edif only I had hung | senashan bolsaŋ ediashan bolsaŋ edif only you had hung | olashan bolsa ediashan bolsaedif only he had hung | bizashan bolsaq ediashan bolsaq edif only we had hung | sizashan bolsağız ediashan bolsağız edif only you all had hung | alaashan bolsala ediashan bolsalaedif only they had hung |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menasmağan bolsam ediasmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't hung | senasmağan bolsaŋ ediasmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't hung | olasmağan bolsa ediasmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't hung | bizasmağan bolsaq ediasmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't hung | sizasmağan bolsağız ediasmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't hung | alaasmağan bolsala ediasmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't hung |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menasar esemif I will hang | senasar eseŋif you will hang | olasar eseif he will hang | bizasar esekif we will hang | sizasar esegizif you all will hang | alaasar eseleif they will hang |
| Conditional, aorist | menasmaz esemif I won't hang | senasmaz eseŋif you won't hang | olasmaz eseif he won't hang | bizasmaz esekif we won't hang | sizasmaz esegizif you all won't hang | alaasmaz eseleif they won't hang |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menasarıq esemif I am going to hang | senasarıq eseŋif you are going to hang | olasarıq eseif he is going to hang | bizasarıq esekif we are going to hang | sizasarıq esegizif you all are going to hang | alaasarıq eseleif they are going to hang |
| Conditional, future | menasarıq tül esemif I am not going to hang | senasarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to hang | olasarıq tül eseif he is not going to hang | bizasarıq tül esekif we are not going to hang | sizasarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to hang | alaasarıq tül eseleif they are not going to hang |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menasarıq bolsamif I were going to hang | senasarıq bolsaŋif you were going to hang | olasarıq bolsaif he were going to hang | bizasarıq bolsaqif we were going to hang | sizasarıq bolsağızif you all were going to hang | alaasarıq bolsalaif they were going to hang |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menasmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to hang | senasmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to hang | olasmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to hang | bizasmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to hang | sizasmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to hang | alaasmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to hang |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso asdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menasa bolurmaI must be hanging | senasa bolursayou must be hanging | olasa bolurhe must be hanging | bizasa bolurbuzwe must be hanging | sizasa bolursuzyou all must be hanging | alaasa bolurlathey must be hanging |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menasmay bolurmaI must not be hanging | senasmay bolursayou must not be hanging | olasmay bolurhe must not be hanging | bizasmay bolurbuzwe must not be hanging | sizasmay bolursuzyou all must not be hanging | alaasmay bolurlathey must not be hanging |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menasa tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of hanging | senasa tura bolursayou must be in the middle of hanging | olasa tura bolurhe must be in the middle of hanging | bizasa tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of hanging | sizasa tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of hanging | alaasa tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of hanging |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menasmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not hanging | senasmay tura bolursayou must keep on not hanging | olasmay tura bolurhe must keep on not hanging | bizasmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not hanging | sizasmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not hanging | alaasmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not hanging |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menashan bolurmaI must have hung | senashan bolursayou must have hung | olashan bolurhe must have hung | bizashan bolurbuzwe must have hung | sizashan bolursuzyou all must have hung | alaashan bolurlathey must have hung |
| Inference (must have) | menasmağan bolurmaI must not have hung | senasmağan bolursayou must not have hung | olasmağan bolurhe must not have hung | bizasmağan bolurbuzwe must not have hung | sizasmağan bolursuzyou all must not have hung | alaasmağan bolurlathey must not have hung |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menasarıq bolurmaI must be going to hang | senasarıq bolursayou must be going to hang | olasarıq bolurhe must be going to hang | bizasarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to hang | sizasarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to hang | alaasarıq bolurlathey must be going to hang |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menasmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to hang | senasmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to hang | olasmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to hang | bizasmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to hang | sizasmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to hang | alaasmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to hang |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menasayımlet me hang | senas!hang! | olassınlet him hang | bizasayıqlet's hang | sizasığız!hang, you all! | alaassınlalet them hang |
| Commands & suggestions | menasmayımlet me not hang | senasma!don't hang! | olasmasınlet him not hang | bizasmayıqlet's not hang | sizasmağız!don't hang, you all! | alaasmasınlalet them not hang |
| Commands & suggestions | menasayımmı?shall I hang? | olassınmı?should he hang? | bizasayıqmı?shall we hang? | alaassınlamı?should they hang? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menasmayımmı?shall I not hang? | olasmasınmı?should he not hang? | bizasmayıqmı?shall we not hang? | alaasmasınlamı?should they not hang? | ||
| Requests | senasçı2asçınplease hang | olassınçıdo let him hang | sizasçığızplease hang (plural/polite) | alaassınlaçıdo let them hang | ||
| Requests | senasmaçı2asmaçınplease don't hang | olasmasınçıdo let him not hang | sizasmaçığızplease don't hang (plural/polite) | alaasmasınlaçıdo let them not hang | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senashınashımay you hang | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senasmağınasmağımay you not hang | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menashay edim asha edimwould that I hung | senashay ediŋ asha ediŋwould that you hung | olashay edi asha ediwould that he hung | bizashay edik asha edikwould that we hung | sizashay edigiz asha edigizwould that you all hung | alaashay edile asha edilewould that they hung |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menasmağay edim asmağa edimwould that I did not hang | senasmağay ediŋ asmağa ediŋwould that you did not hang | olasmağay edi asmağa ediwould that he did not hang | bizasmağay edik asmağa edikwould that we did not hang | sizasmağay edigiz asmağa edigizwould that you all did not hang | alaasmağay edile asmağa edilewould that they did not hang |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menasmağa qoyayımasma qoyayımlet me allow someone to hang | senasmağa qoy!asma qoy!let someone hang! | olasmağa qoysunasma qoysunlet him allow someone to hang | bizasmağa qoyayıqasma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to hang | sizasmağa qoyuğuz!asma qoyuğuz!let someone hang, you all! | alaasmağa qoysunlaasma qoysunlalet them allow someone to hang |
| Let someone… (commands) | menasmağa qoymayımasma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to hang | senasmağa qoyma!asma qoyma!don't let someone hang! | olasmağa qoymasınasma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to hang | bizasmağa qoymayıqasma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to hang | sizasmağa qoymağız!asma qoymağız!don't let someone hang, you all! | alaasmağa qoymasınlaasma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to hang |
| Let someone… (commands) | menasmağa qoyayımmı?asma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to hang? | olasmağa qoysunmu?asma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to hang? | bizasmağa qoyayıqmı?asma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to hang? | alaasmağa qoysunlamı?asma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to hang? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menasmağa qoymayımmı?asma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to hang? | olasmağa qoymasınmı?asma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to hang? | bizasmağa qoymayıqmı?asma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to hang? | alaasmağa qoymasınlamı?asma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to hang? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menasmağa qoyamaasma qoyamaI allow someone to hang | senasmağa qoyasaasma qoyasayou allow someone to hang | olasmağa qoyadıasma qoyadıhe allows someone to hang | bizasmağa qoyabızasma qoyabızwe allow someone to hang | sizasmağa qoyasızasma qoyasızyou all allow someone to hang | alaasmağa qoyadılaasma qoyadılathey allow someone to hang |
| Let someone… (present) | menasmağa qoymaymaasma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to hang | senasmağa qoymaysaasma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to hang | olasmağa qoymaydıasma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to hang | bizasmağa qoymaybızasma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to hang | sizasmağa qoymaysızasma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to hang | alaasmağa qoymaydılaasma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to hang |
| Let someone… (present) | menasmağa qoyamamı?asma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to hang? | senasmağa qoyamısa?asma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to hang? | olasmağa qoyamıdı?asma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to hang? | bizasmağa qoyabızmı?asma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to hang? | sizasmağa qoyamısız?asma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to hang? | alaasmağa qoyamıdıla?asma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to hang? |
| Let someone… (present) | menasmağa qoymaymamı?asma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to hang? | senasmağa qoymaymısa?asma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to hang? | olasmağa qoymaymıdı?asma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to hang? | bizasmağa qoymaybızmı?asma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to hang? | sizasmağa qoymaymısız?asma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to hang? | alaasmağa qoymaymıdıla?asma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to hang? |
| Let someone… (past) | menasmağa qoydumasma qoydumI allowed someone to hang | senasmağa qoyduŋasma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to hang | olasmağa qoyduasma qoyduhe allowed someone to hang | bizasmağa qoyduqasma qoyduqwe allowed someone to hang | sizasmağa qoyduğuzasma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to hang | alaasmağa qoydulaasma qoydulathey allowed someone to hang |
| Let someone… (past) | menasmağa qoymadımasma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to hang | senasmağa qoymadıŋasma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to hang | olasmağa qoymadıasma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to hang | bizasmağa qoymadıqasma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to hang | sizasmağa qoymadığızasma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to hang | alaasmağa qoymadılaasma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to hang |
| Let someone… (past) | menasmağa qoydummu?asma qoydummu?did I allow someone to hang? | senasmağa qoyduŋmu?asma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to hang? | olasmağa qoydumu?asma qoydumu?did he allow someone to hang? | bizasmağa qoyduqmu?asma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to hang? | sizasmağa qoyduğuzmu?asma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to hang? | alaasmağa qoydulamı?asma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to hang? |
| Let someone… (past) | menasmağa qoymadımmı?asma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to hang? | senasmağa qoymadıŋmı?asma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to hang? | olasmağa qoymadımı?asma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to hang? | bizasmağa qoymadıqmı?asma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to hang? | sizasmağa qoymadığızmı?asma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to hang? | alaasmağa qoymadılamı?asma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to hang? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
asalırğa be able to hang · asalmazğa be unable to hang
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menasalamaI can hang | senasalasayou can hang | olasaladıhe can hang | bizasalabızwe can hang | sizasalasızyou all can hang | alaasaladılathey can hang |
| Ability — present | menasalmaymaI can't hang | senasalmaysayou can't hang | olasalmaydıhe can't hang | bizasalmaybızwe can't hang | sizasalmaysızyou all can't hang | alaasalmaydılathey can't hang |
| Ability — present | menasalamamı? asalamıma?can I hang? | senasalamısa?can you hang? | olasalamıdı?can he hang? | bizasalabızmı? asalamıbız?can we hang? | sizasalamısız?can you all hang? | alaasalamıdıla?can they hang? |
| Ability — present | menasalmaymamı? asalmaymıma?can't I hang? | senasalmaymısa?can't you hang? | olasalmaymıdı?can't he hang? | bizasalmaybızmı? asalmaymıbız?can't we hang? | sizasalmaymısız?can't you all hang? | alaasalmaymıdıla?can't they hang? |
| Ability — if I can… | menasalsamif I can hang | senasalsaŋif you can hang | olasalsaif he can hang | bizasalsaqif we can hang | sizasalsağızif you all can hang | alaasalsalaif they can hang |
| Ability — if I can… | menasalmasamif I can't hang | senasalmasaŋif you can't hang | olasalmasaif he can't hang | bizasalmasaqif we can't hang | sizasalmasağızif you all can't hang | alaasalmasalaif they can't hang |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menasaldımI was able to hang | senasaldıŋyou were able to hang | olasaldıhe was able to hang | bizasaldıqwe were able to hang | sizasaldığızyou all were able to hang | alaasaldılathey were able to hang |
| Ability — simple past | menasalmadımI could not hang | senasalmadıŋyou could not hang | olasalmadıhe could not hang | bizasalmadıqwe could not hang | sizasalmadığızyou all could not hang | alaasalmadılathey could not hang |
| Ability — simple past | menasaldımmı?was I able to hang? | senasaldıŋmı?were you able to hang? | olasaldımı?was he able to hang? | bizasaldıqmı?were we able to hang? | sizasaldığızmı?were you all able to hang? | alaasaldılamı?were they able to hang? |
| Ability — simple past | menasalmadımmı?couldn't I hang? | senasalmadıŋmı?couldn't you hang? | olasalmadımı?couldn't he hang? | bizasalmadıqmı?couldn't we hang? | sizasalmadığızmı?couldn't you all hang? | alaasalmadılamı?couldn't they hang? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menasalğanmaI have been able to hang | senasalğansayou have been able to hang | olasalğandıhe has been able to hang | bizasalğanbızwe have been able to hang | sizasalğansızyou all have been able to hang | alaasalğandılathey have been able to hang |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menasalmağanmaI haven't been able to hang | senasalmağansayou haven't been able to hang | olasalmağandıhe hasn't been able to hang | bizasalmağanbızwe haven't been able to hang | sizasalmağansızyou all haven't been able to hang | alaasalmağandılathey haven't been able to hang |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menasalğanmamı? asalğanmıma?have I been able to hang? | senasalğanmısa?have you been able to hang? | olasalğanmıdı?has he been able to hang? | bizasalğanbızmı? asalğanmıbız?have we been able to hang? | sizasalğanmısız?have you all been able to hang? | alaasalğanmıdıla?have they been able to hang? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menasalmağanmamı? asalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to hang? | senasalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to hang? | olasalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to hang? | bizasalmağanbızmı? asalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to hang? | sizasalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to hang? | alaasalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to hang? |
| Ability — past perfect | menasalğan edimasalğanemI had been able to hang | senasalğan ediŋasalğaneŋyou had been able to hang | olasalğan ediasalğanedhe had been able to hang | bizasalğan edikasalğanekwe had been able to hang | sizasalğan edigizasalğanegizyou all had been able to hang | alaasalğan edileasalğanellethey had been able to hang |
| Ability — past perfect | menasalmağan edimasalmağanemI hadn't been able to hang | senasalmağan ediŋasalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to hang | olasalmağan ediasalmağanedhe hadn't been able to hang | bizasalmağan edikasalmağanekwe hadn't been able to hang | sizasalmağan edigizasalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to hang | alaasalmağan edileasalmağanellethey hadn't been able to hang |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menasala edimasalaemI could hang | senasala ediŋasalaeŋyou could hang | olasala ediasalaedhe could hang | bizasala edikasalaekwe could hang | sizasala edigizasalaegizyou all could hang | alaasala edileasalaellethey could hang |
| Ability — past background | menasalmay edimasalmayemI could not hang | senasalmay ediŋasalmayeŋyou could not hang | olasalmay ediasalmayedhe could not hang | bizasalmay edikasalmayekwe could not hang | sizasalmay edigizasalmayegizyou all could not hang | alaasalmay edileasalmayellethey could not hang |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menasalırmaI will be able to hang | senasalırsayou will be able to hang | olasalırhe will be able to hang | bizasalırbızwe will be able to hang | sizasalırsızyou all will be able to hang | alaasalırlathey will be able to hang |
| Ability — future I | menasalmazmaI won't be able to hang | senasalmazsayou won't be able to hang | olasalmazhe won't be able to hang | bizasalmazbızwe won't be able to hang | sizasalmazsızyou all won't be able to hang | alaasalmazlathey won't be able to hang |
| Ability — future I | menasalırmamı? asalırmıma?will I be able to hang? | senasalırmısa?will you be able to hang? | olasalırmı?will he be able to hang? | bizasalırbızmı? asalırmıbız?will we be able to hang? | sizasalırmısız?will you all be able to hang? | alaasalırlamı? asalırmıla?will they be able to hang? |
| Ability — future I | menasalmazmamı? asalmazmıma?won't I be able to hang? | senasalmazmısa?won't you be able to hang? | olasalmazmı?won't he be able to hang? | bizasalmazbızmı? asalmazmıbız?won't we be able to hang? | sizasalmazmısız?won't you all be able to hang? | alaasalmazlamı? asalmazmıla?won't they be able to hang? |
| Ability — future II | menasallıqmaI am going to be able to hang | senasallıqsayou are going to be able to hang | olasallıqdıhe is going to be able to hang | bizasallıqbızwe are going to be able to hang | sizasallıqsızyou all are going to be able to hang | alaasallıqdılathey are going to be able to hang |
| Ability — future II | menasallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to hang | senasallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to hang | olasallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to hang | bizasallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to hang | sizasallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to hang | alaasallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to hang |
| Ability — future II | menasallıqmamı? asallıqmıma?am I going to be able to hang? | senasallıqmısa?are you going to be able to hang? | olasallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to hang? | bizasallıqbızmı? asallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to hang? | sizasallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to hang? | alaasallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to hang? |
| Ability — future II | menasallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to hang? | senasallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to hang? | olasallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to hang? | bizasallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to hang? | sizasallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to hang? | alaasallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to hang? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menasalır edimasalır emI would be able to hang | senasalır ediŋasalır eŋyou would be able to hang | olasalır ediasalır edhe would be able to hang | bizasalır edikasalır ekwe would be able to hang | sizasalır edigizasalır egizyou all would be able to hang | alaasalır edileasalır ellethey would be able to hang |
| Ability — would be able to… | menasalmaz edimasalmaz emI wouldn't be able to hang | senasalmaz ediŋasalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to hang | olasalmaz ediasalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to hang | bizasalmaz edikasalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to hang | sizasalmaz edigizasalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to hang | alaasalmaz edileasalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to hang |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senasalğınasalğımay you be able to hang | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senasalmağınasalmağımay you not be able to hang | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menasarğa izleymeI want to hang | senasarğa izleyseyou want to hang | olasarğa izleydihe wants to hang | bizasarğa izleybizwe want to hang | sizasarğa izleysizyou all want to hang | alaasarğa izleydilethey want to hang |
| want to | menasarğa izlemeymeI do not want to hang | senasarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to hang | olasarğa izlemeydihe does not want to hang | bizasarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to hang | sizasarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to hang | alaasarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to hang |
| would like to | menasarğa süemeI would like to hang | senasarğa süeseyou would like to hang | olasarğa süedihe would like to hang | bizasarğa süebizwe would like to hang | sizasarğa süesizyou all would like to hang | alaasarğa süedilethey would like to hang |
| would like to | menasarğa süymeymeI would not like to hang | senasarğa süymeyseyou would not like to hang | olasarğa süymeydihe would not like to hang | bizasarğa süymeybizwe would not like to hang | sizasarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to hang | alaasarğa süymeydilethey would not like to hang |
| hope to | menasarğa umutlanamaI hope to hang | senasarğa umutlanasayou hope to hang | olasarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to hang | bizasarğa umutlanabızwe hope to hang | sizasarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to hang | alaasarğa umutlanadılathey hope to hang |
| hope to | menasarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to hang | senasarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to hang | olasarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to hang | bizasarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to hang | sizasarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to hang | alaasarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to hang |
| be about to | menasarğa deb turamaI am about to hang | senasarğa deb turasayou are about to hang | olasarğa deb turadıhe is about to hang | bizasarğa deb turabızwe are about to hang | sizasarğa deb turasızyou all are about to hang | alaasarğa deb turadılathey are about to hang |
| be about to | menasarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to hang | senasarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to hang | olasarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to hang | bizasarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to hang | sizasarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to hang | alaasarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to hang |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menasarğa kerekmeI need to hang | senasarğa kerekseyou need to hang | olasarğa kerekdihe needs to hang | bizasarğa kerekbizwe need to hang | sizasarğa kereksizyou all need to hang | alaasarğa kerekdilethey need to hang |
| need to | menasarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to hang | senasarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to hang | olasarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to hang | bizasarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to hang | sizasarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to hang | alaasarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to hang |
| have to | menmenŋe asarğa tüşediI have to hang | sensenŋe asarğa tüşediyou have to hang | olaŋa asarğa tüşedihe has to hang | bizbizge asarğa tüşediwe have to hang | sizsizge asarğa tüşediyou all have to hang | alaalağa asarğa tüşedithey have to hang |
| have to | menmenŋe asarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to hang | sensenŋe asarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to hang | olaŋa asarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to hang | bizbizge asarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to hang | sizsizge asarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to hang | alaalağa asarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to hang |
| be obliged to | menasarğa borçlumaI am obliged to hang | senasarğa borçlusayou are obliged to hang | olasarğa borçluduhe is obliged to hang | bizasarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to hang | sizasarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to hang | alaasarğa borçludulathey are obliged to hang |
| be obliged to | menasarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to hang | senasarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to hang | olasarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to hang | bizasarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to hang | sizasarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to hang | alaasarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to hang |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menasarğa madarım bardıI have a way to hang | senasarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to hang | olasarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to hang | bizasarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to hang | sizasarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to hang | alaasarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to hang |
| have a way to | menasarğa madarım joqduI have no way to hang | senasarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to hang | olasarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to hang | bizasarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to hang | sizasarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to hang | alaasarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to hang |
| be free to | menasarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to hang | senasarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to hang | olasarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to hang | bizasarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to hang | sizasarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to hang | alaasarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to hang |
| be free to | menasarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to hang | senasarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to hang | olasarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to hang | bizasarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to hang | sizasarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to hang | alaasarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to hang |
| be possible to | menmenŋe asarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to hang | sensenŋe asarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to hang | olaŋa asarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to hang | bizbizge asarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to hang | sizsizge asarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to hang | alaalağa asarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to hang |
| be possible to | menmenŋe asarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to hang | sensenŋe asarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to hang | olaŋa asarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to hang | bizbizge asarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to hang | sizsizge asarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to hang | alaalağa asarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to hang |
| be ready to | menasarğa hazırmaI am ready to hang | senasarğa hazırsayou are ready to hang | olasarğa hazırdıhe is ready to hang | bizasarğa hazırbızwe are ready to hang | sizasarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to hang | alaasarğa hazırdılathey are ready to hang |
| be ready to | menasarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to hang | senasarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to hang | olasarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to hang | bizasarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to hang | sizasarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to hang | alaasarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to hang |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menasarğa küreşemeI am trying to hang | senasarğa küreşeseyou are trying to hang | olasarğa küreşedihe is trying to hang | bizasarğa küreşebizwe are trying to hang | sizasarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to hang | alaasarğa küreşedilethey are trying to hang |
| try to | menasarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to hang | senasarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to hang | olasarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to hang | bizasarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to hang | sizasarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to hang | alaasarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to hang |
| agree to | menasarğa unaymaI agree to hang | senasarğa unaysayou agree to hang | olasarğa unaydıhe agrees to hang | bizasarğa unaybızwe agree to hang | sizasarğa unaysızyou all agree to hang | alaasarğa unaydılathey agree to hang |
| agree to | menasarğa unamaymaI refuse to hang | senasarğa unamaysayou refuse to hang | olasarğa unamaydıhe refuses to hang | bizasarğa unamaybızwe refuse to hang | sizasarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to hang | alaasarğa unamaydılathey refuse to hang |
| hurry to | menasarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to hang | senasarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to hang | olasarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to hang | bizasarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to hang | sizasarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to hang | alaasarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to hang |
| hurry to | menasarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to hang | senasarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to hang | olasarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to hang | bizasarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to hang | sizasarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to hang | alaasarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to hang |
| be afraid to | menasarğa qorqamaI am afraid to hang | senasarğa qorqasayou are afraid to hang | olasarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to hang | bizasarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to hang | sizasarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to hang | alaasarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to hang |
| be afraid to | menasarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to hang | senasarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to hang | olasarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to hang | bizasarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to hang | sizasarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to hang | alaasarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to hang |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menasa bolmazmaI can't be hanging | senasa bolmazsayou can't be hanging | olasa bolmazhe can't be hanging | bizasa bolmazbızwe can't be hanging | sizasa bolmazsızyou all can't be hanging | alaasa bolmazlathey can't be hanging |
| Inference, present — double negation | menasmay bolmazmaI must be hanging (emphatic) | senasmay bolmazsayou must be hanging (emphatic) | olasmay bolmazhe must be hanging (emphatic) | bizasmay bolmazbızwe must be hanging (emphatic) | sizasmay bolmazsızyou all must be hanging (emphatic) | alaasmay bolmazlathey must be hanging (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menasa turmasamif I don't keep hanging | senasa turmasaŋif you don't keep hanging | olasa turmasaif he doesn't keep hanging | bizasa turmasaqif we don't keep hanging | sizasa turmasağızif you all don't keep hanging | alaasa turmasalaif they don't keep hanging |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menasa tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of hanging | senasa tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of hanging | olasa tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of hanging | bizasa tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of hanging | sizasa tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of hanging | alaasa tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of hanging |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menasmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not hanging (emphatic) | senasmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not hanging (emphatic) | olasmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not hanging (emphatic) | bizasmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not hanging (emphatic) | sizasmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not hanging (emphatic) | alaasmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not hanging (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menasmay turamaI keep on not hanging | senasmay turasayou keep on not hanging | olasmay turadıhe keeps on not hanging | bizasmay turabızwe keep on not hanging | sizasmay turasızyou all keep on not hanging | alaasmay turadılathey keep on not hanging |
| Progressive — double negation | menasmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not hanging | senasmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not hanging | olasmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not hanging | bizasmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not hanging | sizasmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not hanging | alaasmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not hanging |
| Progressive — double negation | menasmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not hanging? | senasmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not hanging? | olasmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not hanging? | bizasmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not hanging? | sizasmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not hanging? | alaasmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not hanging? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menashan bolmazmaI can't have hung | senashan bolmazsayou can't have hung | olashan bolmazhe can't have hung | bizashan bolmazbızwe can't have hung | sizashan bolmazsızyou all can't have hung | alaashan bolmazlathey can't have hung |
| Inference — double negation | menasmağan bolmazmaI must have hung (emphatic) | senasmağan bolmazsayou must have hung (emphatic) | olasmağan bolmazhe must have hung (emphatic) | bizasmağan bolmazbızwe must have hung (emphatic) | sizasmağan bolmazsızyou all must have hung (emphatic) | alaasmağan bolmazlathey must have hung (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menashan bolmasamif it weren't that I had hung | senashan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had hung | olashan bolmasaif it weren't that he had hung | bizashan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had hung | sizashan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had hung | alaashan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had hung |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menasmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't hung | senasmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't hung | olasmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't hung | bizasmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't hung | sizasmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't hung | alaasmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't hung |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menasarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to hang | senasarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to hang | olasarıq bolmazhe can't be going to hang | bizasarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to hang | sizasarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to hang | alaasarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to hang |
| Inference, future — double negation | menasmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to hang (emphatic) | senasmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to hang (emphatic) | olasmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to hang (emphatic) | bizasmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to hang (emphatic) | sizasmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to hang (emphatic) | alaasmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to hang (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menasarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to hang | senasarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to hang | olasarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to hang | bizasarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to hang | sizasarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to hang | alaasarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to hang |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menasmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to hang | senasmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to hang | olasmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to hang | bizasmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to hang | sizasmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to hang | alaasmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to hang |