ariwlarğa
/ariwlarʁa/
1. clean, clean up, clear
- anam üynü ariwlaydı — my mother cleans the house
- stolnu ariwla — clean the table
- kiyimiŋi ariwlarğa — to clean your clothes
- çabaqnı ariwlarğa — to clean the fish
- tamğanı ariwlarğa — to clean off a stain
- jolnu qarın ariwlarğa — to clear the snow off the road
- jerni taşların ariwlarğa — to clear the stones off the plot
2. exonerate, acquit, clear of blame, whitewash — With kesiŋi it means justify oneself.
- anı süd ariwlağandı — the court acquitted him
- süd jaşnı ariwladı — the court acquitted the young man
- kesiŋi ariwlarğa — to clear yourself, to justify yourself
- kesin ariwlarğa küreşdi Bekbolat — Bekbolat tried to justify himself
- tersni ariwlab, tüznü qarmarğa bolmaydı — one may not whitewash the guilty and drown the innocent
3. side with, defend (someone in the wrong) one source
- sen ters adamnı ariwlaysa — you are defending a person in the wrong
4. clear out, empty, rid a place of an unwanted or hostile presence
- qar üzülgenni ariwlarğa — to clear away the avalanche
- jeribizni jawdan ariwladıq — we cleared our land of the enemy
Expressions
- tamaq ariwlarğa — to clear one's throat
Conjugation
Common forms
- ariwlaydıhe is cleaning
- ariwladıhe cleaned
- ariwlağandıhe has cleaned
- ariwlarhe will clean
- ariwlarıqdıhe is going to clean
- ariwlay edihe was cleaning
- ariwlasaif he cleans
- ariwla!clean!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menariwlaymaI am cleaning | senariwlaysayou are cleaning | olariwlaydıhe is cleaning | bizariwlaybızwe are cleaning | sizariwlaysızyou all are cleaning | alaariwlaydılathey are cleaning |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menariwlamaymaI am not cleaning | senariwlamaysayou are not cleaning | olariwlamaydıhe is not cleaning | bizariwlamaybızwe are not cleaning | sizariwlamaysızyou all are not cleaning | alaariwlamaydılathey are not cleaning |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menariwlaymamı? ariwlaymıma?am I cleaning? | senariwlaymısa?are you cleaning? | olariwlaymıdı?is he cleaning? | bizariwlaybızmı? ariwlaymıbız?are we cleaning? | sizariwlaymısız?are you all cleaning? | alaariwlaymıdıla?are they cleaning? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menariwlamaymamı? ariwlamaymıma?aren't I cleaning? | senariwlamaymısa?aren't you cleaning? | olariwlamaymıdı?isn't he cleaning? | bizariwlamaybızmı? ariwlamaymıbız?aren't we cleaning? | sizariwlamaymısız?aren't you all cleaning? | alaariwlamaymıdıla?aren't they cleaning? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menariwlawçanmaI usually clean | senariwlawçansayou usually clean | olariwlawçandıhe usually cleans | bizariwlawçanbızwe usually clean | sizariwlawçansızyou all usually clean | alaariwlawçandılathey usually clean |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menariwlamawçanmaI usually don't clean | senariwlamawçansayou usually don't clean | olariwlamawçandıhe usually doesn't clean | bizariwlamawçanbızwe usually don't clean | sizariwlamawçansızyou all usually don't clean | alaariwlamawçandılathey usually don't clean |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menariwlawçanmamı? ariwlawçanmıma?do I usually clean? | senariwlawçanmısa?do you usually clean? | olariwlawçanmıdı?does he usually clean? | bizariwlawçanbızmı? ariwlawçanmıbız?do we usually clean? | sizariwlawçanmısız?do you all usually clean? | alaariwlawçanmıdıla?do they usually clean? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menariwlamawçanmamı? ariwlamawçanmıma?do I usually not clean? | senariwlamawçanmısa?do you usually not clean? | olariwlamawçanmıdı?does he usually not clean? | bizariwlamawçanbızmı? ariwlamawçanmıbız?do we usually not clean? | sizariwlamawçanmısız?do you all usually not clean? | alaariwlamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not clean? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olariwlabdıhe has cleaned and remains so | alaariwlabdılathey have cleaned and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olariwlabmıdı?has he cleaned? | alaariwlabmıdıla?have they cleaned? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menariwlab turamaI keep cleaning | senariwlab turasayou keep cleaning | olariwlab turadıhe keeps cleaning | bizariwlab turabızwe keep cleaning | sizariwlab turasızyou all keep cleaning | alaariwlab turadılathey keep cleaning |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menariwlab turmaymaI don't keep cleaning | senariwlab turmaysayou don't keep cleaning | olariwlab turmaydıhe doesn't keep cleaning | bizariwlab turmaybızwe don't keep cleaning | sizariwlab turmaysızyou all don't keep cleaning | alaariwlab turmaydılathey don't keep cleaning |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menariwlab turamamı? ariwlab turamıma?do I keep cleaning? | senariwlab turamısa?do you keep cleaning? | olariwlab turamıdı?does he keep cleaning? | bizariwlab turabızmı? ariwlab turamıbız?do we keep cleaning? | sizariwlab turamısız?do you all keep cleaning? | alaariwlab turamıdıla?do they keep cleaning? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menariwlab turmaymamı? ariwlab turmaymıma?don't I keep cleaning? | senariwlab turmaymısa?don't you keep cleaning? | olariwlab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep cleaning? | bizariwlab turmaybızmı? ariwlab turmaymıbız?don't we keep cleaning? | sizariwlab turmaymısız?don't you all keep cleaning? | alaariwlab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep cleaning? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menariwlay turamaI am in the middle of cleaning | senariwlay turasayou are in the middle of cleaning | olariwlay turadıhe is in the middle of cleaning | bizariwlay turabızwe are in the middle of cleaning | sizariwlay turasızyou all are in the middle of cleaning | alaariwlay turadılathey are in the middle of cleaning |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menariwlay turmaymaI am not in the middle of cleaning | senariwlay turmaysayou are not in the middle of cleaning | olariwlay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of cleaning | bizariwlay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of cleaning | sizariwlay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of cleaning | alaariwlay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of cleaning |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menariwlay turamamı? ariwlay turamıma?am I in the middle of cleaning? | senariwlay turamısa?are you in the middle of cleaning? | olariwlay turamıdı?is he in the middle of cleaning? | bizariwlay turabızmı? ariwlay turamıbız?are we in the middle of cleaning? | sizariwlay turamısız?are you all in the middle of cleaning? | alaariwlay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of cleaning? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menariwlay turmaymamı? ariwlay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of cleaning? | senariwlay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of cleaning? | olariwlay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of cleaning? | bizariwlay turmaybızmı? ariwlay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of cleaning? | sizariwlay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of cleaning? | alaariwlay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of cleaning? |
| Simple past (definite) | menariwladımI cleaned | senariwladıŋyou cleaned | olariwladıhe cleaned | bizariwladıqwe cleaned | sizariwladığızyou all cleaned | alaariwladılathey cleaned |
| Simple past (definite) | menariwlamadımI didn't clean | senariwlamadıŋyou didn't clean | olariwlamadıhe didn't clean | bizariwlamadıqwe didn't clean | sizariwlamadığızyou all didn't clean | alaariwlamadılathey didn't clean |
| Simple past (definite) | menariwladımmı?did I clean? | senariwladıŋmı?did you clean? | olariwladımı?did he clean? | bizariwladıqmı?did we clean? | sizariwladığızmı?did you all clean? | alaariwladılamı?did they clean? |
| Simple past (definite) | menariwlamadımmı?didn't I clean? | senariwlamadıŋmı?didn't you clean? | olariwlamadımı?didn't he clean? | bizariwlamadıqmı?didn't we clean? | sizariwlamadığızmı?didn't you all clean? | alaariwlamadılamı?didn't they clean? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menariwlağanmaI have cleaned | senariwlağansayou have cleaned | olariwlağandıhe has cleaned | bizariwlağanbızwe have cleaned | sizariwlağansızyou all have cleaned | alaariwlağandılathey have cleaned |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menariwlamağanmaI haven't cleaned | senariwlamağansayou haven't cleaned | olariwlamağandıhe hasn't cleaned | bizariwlamağanbızwe haven't cleaned | sizariwlamağansızyou all haven't cleaned | alaariwlamağandılathey haven't cleaned |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menariwlağanmamı? ariwlağanmıma?have I cleaned? | senariwlağanmısa?have you cleaned? | olariwlağanmıdı?has he cleaned? | bizariwlağanbızmı? ariwlağanmıbız?have we cleaned? | sizariwlağanmısız?have you all cleaned? | alaariwlağanmıdıla?have they cleaned? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menariwlamağanmamı? ariwlamağanmıma?haven't I cleaned? | senariwlamağanmısa?haven't you cleaned? | olariwlamağanmıdı?hasn't he cleaned? | bizariwlamağanbızmı? ariwlamağanmıbız?haven't we cleaned? | sizariwlamağanmısız?haven't you all cleaned? | alaariwlamağanmıdıla?haven't they cleaned? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menariwlab turdumI kept cleaning | senariwlab turduŋyou kept cleaning | olariwlab turduhe kept cleaning | bizariwlab turduqwe kept cleaning | sizariwlab turduğuzyou all kept cleaning | alaariwlab turdulathey kept cleaning |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menariwlab turmadımI didn't keep cleaning | senariwlab turmadıŋyou didn't keep cleaning | olariwlab turmadıhe didn't keep cleaning | bizariwlab turmadıqwe didn't keep cleaning | sizariwlab turmadığızyou all didn't keep cleaning | alaariwlab turmadılathey didn't keep cleaning |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menariwlarmaI will clean | senariwlarsayou will clean | olariwlarhe will clean | bizariwlarbızwe will clean | sizariwlarsızyou all will clean | alaariwlarlathey will clean |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menariwlamazmaI won't clean | senariwlamazsayou won't clean | olariwlamazhe won't clean | bizariwlamazbızwe won't clean | sizariwlamazsızyou all won't clean | alaariwlamazlathey won't clean |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menariwlarmamı? ariwlarmıma?will I clean? | senariwlarmısa?will you clean? | olariwlarmı?will he clean? | bizariwlarbızmı? ariwlarmıbız?will we clean? | sizariwlarmısız?will you all clean? | alaariwlarlamı? ariwlarmıla?will they clean? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menariwlamazmamı? ariwlamazmıma?won't I clean? | senariwlamazmısa?won't you clean? | olariwlamazmı?won't he clean? | bizariwlamazbızmı? ariwlamazmıbız?won't we clean? | sizariwlamazmısız?won't you all clean? | alaariwlamazlamı? ariwlamazmıla?won't they clean? |
| Definite future (future II) | menariwlarıqmaI am going to clean | senariwlarıqsayou are going to clean | olariwlarıqdıhe is going to clean | bizariwlarıqbızwe are going to clean | sizariwlarıqsızyou all are going to clean | alaariwlarıqdılathey are going to clean |
| Definite future (future II) | menariwlarıq tülmeI am not going to clean | senariwlarıq tülseyou are not going to clean | olariwlarıq tüldühe is not going to clean | bizariwlarıq tülbüzwe are not going to clean | sizariwlarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to clean | alaariwlarıq tüldülethey are not going to clean |
| Definite future (future II) | menariwlarıqmamı? ariwlarıqmıma?am I going to clean? | senariwlarıqmısa?are you going to clean? | olariwlarıqmıdı?is he going to clean? | bizariwlarıqbızmı? ariwlarıqmıbız?are we going to clean? | sizariwlarıqmısız?are you all going to clean? | alaariwlarıqmıdıla?are they going to clean? |
| Definite future (future II) | menariwlarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to clean? | senariwlarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to clean? | olariwlarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to clean? | bizariwlarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to clean? | sizariwlarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to clean? | alaariwlarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to clean? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menariwlağan edimariwlağanemI had cleaned | senariwlağan ediŋariwlağaneŋyou had cleaned | olariwlağan ediariwlağanedhe had cleaned | bizariwlağan edikariwlağanekwe had cleaned | sizariwlağan edigizariwlağanegizyou all had cleaned | alaariwlağan edileariwlağanellethey had cleaned |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menariwlamağan edimariwlamağanemI hadn't cleaned | senariwlamağan ediŋariwlamağaneŋyou hadn't cleaned | olariwlamağan ediariwlamağanedhe hadn't cleaned | bizariwlamağan edikariwlamağanekwe hadn't cleaned | sizariwlamağan edigizariwlamağanegizyou all hadn't cleaned | alaariwlamağan edileariwlamağanellethey hadn't cleaned |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menariwlay edimariwlayemI was cleaning | senariwlay ediŋariwlayeŋyou were cleaning | olariwlay ediariwlayedhe was cleaning | bizariwlay edikariwlayekwe were cleaning | sizariwlay edigizariwlayegizyou all were cleaning | alaariwlay edileariwlayellethey were cleaning |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menariwlamay edimariwlamayemI wasn't cleaning | senariwlamay ediŋariwlamayeŋyou weren't cleaning | olariwlamay ediariwlamayedhe wasn't cleaning | bizariwlamay edikariwlamayekwe weren't cleaning | sizariwlamay edigizariwlamayegizyou all weren't cleaning | alaariwlamay edileariwlamayellethey weren't cleaning |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menariwlawçan edimariwlawçanemI used to clean | senariwlawçan ediŋariwlawçaneŋyou used to clean | olariwlawçan ediariwlawçanedhe used to clean | bizariwlawçan edikariwlawçanekwe used to clean | sizariwlawçan edigizariwlawçanegizyou all used to clean | alaariwlawçan edileariwlawçanellethey used to clean |
| Habitual past (used to) | menariwlamawçan edimariwlamawçanemI didn't use to clean | senariwlamawçan ediŋariwlamawçaneŋyou didn't use to clean | olariwlamawçan ediariwlamawçanedhe didn't use to clean | bizariwlamawçan edikariwlamawçanekwe didn't use to clean | sizariwlamawçan edigizariwlamawçanegizyou all didn't use to clean | alaariwlamawçan edileariwlamawçanellethey didn't use to clean |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olariwlab edihe had cleaned and remained so | alaariwlab edilethey had cleaned and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olariwlab tül edihe hadn't cleaned | alaariwlab tül edilethey hadn't cleaned | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menariwlab tura edimariwlab turaemI had kept cleaning | senariwlab tura ediŋariwlab turaeŋyou had kept cleaning | olariwlab tura ediariwlab turaedhe had kept cleaning | bizariwlab tura edikariwlab turaekwe had kept cleaning | sizariwlab tura edigizariwlab turaegizyou all had kept cleaning | alaariwlab tura edileariwlab turaellethey had kept cleaning |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menariwlab turmay edimariwlab turmayemI hadn't kept cleaning | senariwlab turmay ediŋariwlab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept cleaning | olariwlab turmay ediariwlab turmayedhe hadn't kept cleaning | bizariwlab turmay edikariwlab turmayekwe hadn't kept cleaning | sizariwlab turmay edigizariwlab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept cleaning | alaariwlab turmay edileariwlab turmayellethey hadn't kept cleaning |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menariwlay tura edimariwlay turaemI was in the middle of cleaning | senariwlay tura ediŋariwlay turaeŋyou were in the middle of cleaning | olariwlay tura ediariwlay turaedhe was in the middle of cleaning | bizariwlay tura edikariwlay turaekwe were in the middle of cleaning | sizariwlay tura edigizariwlay turaegizyou all were in the middle of cleaning | alaariwlay tura edileariwlay turaellethey were in the middle of cleaning |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menariwlay turmay edimariwlay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of cleaning | senariwlay turmay ediŋariwlay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of cleaning | olariwlay turmay ediariwlay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of cleaning | bizariwlay turmay edikariwlay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of cleaning | sizariwlay turmay edigizariwlay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of cleaning | alaariwlay turmay edileariwlay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of cleaning |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menariwlar edimariwlar emI would clean | senariwlar ediŋariwlar eŋyou would clean | olariwlar ediariwlar edhe would clean | bizariwlar edikariwlar ekwe would clean | sizariwlar edigizariwlar egizyou all would clean | alaariwlar edileariwlar ellethey would clean |
| Conditional result (would) | menariwlamaz edimariwlamaz emI wouldn't clean | senariwlamaz ediŋariwlamaz eŋyou wouldn't clean | olariwlamaz ediariwlamaz edhe wouldn't clean | bizariwlamaz edikariwlamaz ekwe wouldn't clean | sizariwlamaz edigizariwlamaz egizyou all wouldn't clean | alaariwlamaz edileariwlamaz ellethey wouldn't clean |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menariwlarıq edimariwlarıq emI would have cleaned | senariwlarıq ediŋariwlarıq eŋyou would have cleaned | olariwlarıq ediariwlarıq edhe would have cleaned | bizariwlarıq edikariwlarıq ekwe would have cleaned | sizariwlarıq edigizariwlarıq egizyou all would have cleaned | alaariwlarıq edileariwlarıq ellethey would have cleaned |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menariwlarıq tül edimariwlarıq tül emI wouldn't have cleaned | senariwlarıq tül ediŋariwlarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have cleaned | olariwlarıq tül ediariwlarıq tül edhe wouldn't have cleaned | bizariwlarıq tül edikariwlarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have cleaned | sizariwlarıq tül edigizariwlarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have cleaned | alaariwlarıq tül edileariwlarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have cleaned |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menariwlasamif I clean | senariwlasaŋif you clean | olariwlasaif he cleans | bizariwlasaqif we clean | sizariwlasağızif you all clean | alaariwlasalaif they clean |
| Conditional | menariwlamasamif I don't clean | senariwlamasaŋif you don't clean | olariwlamasaif he doesn't clean | bizariwlamasaqif we don't clean | sizariwlamasağızif you all don't clean | alaariwlamasalaif they don't clean |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menariwlay esemif I am cleaning | senariwlay eseŋif you are cleaning | olariwlay eseif he is cleaning | bizariwlay esekif we are cleaning | sizariwlay esegizif you all are cleaning | alaariwlay eseleif they are cleaning |
| Conditional, present real | menariwlamay esemif I am not cleaning | senariwlamay eseŋif you are not cleaning | olariwlamay eseif he is not cleaning | bizariwlamay esekif we are not cleaning | sizariwlamay esegizif you all are not cleaning | alaariwlamay eseleif they are not cleaning |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menariwlasam ediariwlasam edif only I cleaned | senariwlasaŋ ediariwlasaŋ edif only you cleaned | olariwlasa ediariwlasaedif only he cleaned | bizariwlasaq ediariwlasaq edif only we cleaned | sizariwlasağız ediariwlasağız edif only you all cleaned | alaariwlasala ediariwlasalaedif only they cleaned |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menariwlamasam ediariwlamasam edif only I didn't clean | senariwlamasaŋ ediariwlamasaŋ edif only you didn't clean | olariwlamasa ediariwlamasaedif only he didn't clean | bizariwlamasaq ediariwlamasaq edif only we didn't clean | sizariwlamasağız ediariwlamasağız edif only you all didn't clean | alaariwlamasala ediariwlamasalaedif only they didn't clean |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menariwlab tursamif I carry on cleaning | senariwlab tursaŋif you carry on cleaning | olariwlab tursaif he carries on cleaning | bizariwlab tursaqif we carry on cleaning | sizariwlab tursağızif you all carry on cleaning | alaariwlab tursalaif they carry on cleaning |
| Durative conditional | menariwlab turmasamif I don't carry on cleaning | senariwlab turmasaŋif you don't carry on cleaning | olariwlab turmasaif he doesn't carry on cleaning | bizariwlab turmasaqif we don't carry on cleaning | sizariwlab turmasağızif you all don't carry on cleaning | alaariwlab turmasalaif they don't carry on cleaning |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menariwlab tura esemif I have kept cleaning | senariwlab tura eseŋif you have kept cleaning | olariwlab tura eseif he has kept cleaning | bizariwlab tura esekif we have kept cleaning | sizariwlab tura esegizif you all have kept cleaning | alaariwlab tura eseleif they have kept cleaning |
| Durative conditional, present real | menariwlab turmay esemif I haven't kept cleaning | senariwlab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept cleaning | olariwlab turmay eseif he hasn't kept cleaning | bizariwlab turmay esekif we haven't kept cleaning | sizariwlab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept cleaning | alaariwlab turmay eseleif they haven't kept cleaning |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menariwlay tursamif I keep cleaning | senariwlay tursaŋif you keep cleaning | olariwlay tursaif he keeps cleaning | bizariwlay tursaqif we keep cleaning | sizariwlay tursağızif you all keep cleaning | alaariwlay tursalaif they keep cleaning |
| Progressive conditional | menariwlamay tursamif I keep on not cleaning | senariwlamay tursaŋif you keep on not cleaning | olariwlamay tursaif he keeps on not cleaning | bizariwlamay tursaqif we keep on not cleaning | sizariwlamay tursağızif you all keep on not cleaning | alaariwlamay tursalaif they keep on not cleaning |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menariwlay tura esemif I am in the middle of cleaning | senariwlay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of cleaning | olariwlay tura eseif he is in the middle of cleaning | bizariwlay tura esekif we are in the middle of cleaning | sizariwlay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of cleaning | alaariwlay tura eseleif they are in the middle of cleaning |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menariwlamay tura esemif I keep on not cleaning | senariwlamay tura eseŋif you keep on not cleaning | olariwlamay tura eseif he keeps on not cleaning | bizariwlamay tura esekif we keep on not cleaning | sizariwlamay tura esegizif you all keep on not cleaning | alaariwlamay tura eseleif they keep on not cleaning |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menariwladım esemif I cleaned | senariwladıŋ eseŋif you cleaned | olariwladı eseif he cleaned | bizariwladıq esekif we cleaned | sizariwladığız esegizif you all cleaned | alaariwladıla eseleif they cleaned |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menariwlamadım esemif I didn't clean | senariwlamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't clean | olariwlamadı eseif he didn't clean | bizariwlamadıq esekif we didn't clean | sizariwlamadığız esegizif you all didn't clean | alaariwlamadıla eseleif they didn't clean |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menariwlağan esemif I did clean (indeed) | senariwlağan eseŋif you did clean (indeed) | olariwlağan eseif he did clean (indeed) | bizariwlağan esekif we did clean (indeed) | sizariwlağan esegizif you all did clean (indeed) | alaariwlağan eseleif they did clean (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menariwlamağan esemif I didn't clean (indeed) | senariwlamağan eseŋif you didn't clean (indeed) | olariwlamağan eseif he didn't clean (indeed) | bizariwlamağan esekif we didn't clean (indeed) | sizariwlamağan esegizif you all didn't clean (indeed) | alaariwlamağan eseleif they didn't clean (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menariwlağan bolsamif I had cleaned | senariwlağan bolsaŋif you had cleaned | olariwlağan bolsaif he had cleaned | bizariwlağan bolsaqif we had cleaned | sizariwlağan bolsağızif you all had cleaned | alaariwlağan bolsalaif they had cleaned |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menariwlamağan bolsamif I hadn't cleaned | senariwlamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't cleaned | olariwlamağan bolsaif he hadn't cleaned | bizariwlamağan bolsaqif we hadn't cleaned | sizariwlamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't cleaned | alaariwlamağan bolsalaif they hadn't cleaned |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menariwlağan bolsam ediariwlağan bolsam edif only I had cleaned | senariwlağan bolsaŋ ediariwlağan bolsaŋ edif only you had cleaned | olariwlağan bolsa ediariwlağan bolsaedif only he had cleaned | bizariwlağan bolsaq ediariwlağan bolsaq edif only we had cleaned | sizariwlağan bolsağız ediariwlağan bolsağız edif only you all had cleaned | alaariwlağan bolsala ediariwlağan bolsalaedif only they had cleaned |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menariwlamağan bolsam ediariwlamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't cleaned | senariwlamağan bolsaŋ ediariwlamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't cleaned | olariwlamağan bolsa ediariwlamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't cleaned | bizariwlamağan bolsaq ediariwlamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't cleaned | sizariwlamağan bolsağız ediariwlamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't cleaned | alaariwlamağan bolsala ediariwlamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't cleaned |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menariwlar esemif I will clean | senariwlar eseŋif you will clean | olariwlar eseif he will clean | bizariwlar esekif we will clean | sizariwlar esegizif you all will clean | alaariwlar eseleif they will clean |
| Conditional, aorist | menariwlamaz esemif I won't clean | senariwlamaz eseŋif you won't clean | olariwlamaz eseif he won't clean | bizariwlamaz esekif we won't clean | sizariwlamaz esegizif you all won't clean | alaariwlamaz eseleif they won't clean |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menariwlarıq esemif I am going to clean | senariwlarıq eseŋif you are going to clean | olariwlarıq eseif he is going to clean | bizariwlarıq esekif we are going to clean | sizariwlarıq esegizif you all are going to clean | alaariwlarıq eseleif they are going to clean |
| Conditional, future | menariwlarıq tül esemif I am not going to clean | senariwlarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to clean | olariwlarıq tül eseif he is not going to clean | bizariwlarıq tül esekif we are not going to clean | sizariwlarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to clean | alaariwlarıq tül eseleif they are not going to clean |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menariwlarıq bolsamif I were going to clean | senariwlarıq bolsaŋif you were going to clean | olariwlarıq bolsaif he were going to clean | bizariwlarıq bolsaqif we were going to clean | sizariwlarıq bolsağızif you all were going to clean | alaariwlarıq bolsalaif they were going to clean |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menariwlamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to clean | senariwlamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to clean | olariwlamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to clean | bizariwlamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to clean | sizariwlamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to clean | alaariwlamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to clean |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso ariwladıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menariwlay bolurmaI must be cleaning | senariwlay bolursayou must be cleaning | olariwlay bolurhe must be cleaning | bizariwlay bolurbuzwe must be cleaning | sizariwlay bolursuzyou all must be cleaning | alaariwlay bolurlathey must be cleaning |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menariwlamay bolurmaI must not be cleaning | senariwlamay bolursayou must not be cleaning | olariwlamay bolurhe must not be cleaning | bizariwlamay bolurbuzwe must not be cleaning | sizariwlamay bolursuzyou all must not be cleaning | alaariwlamay bolurlathey must not be cleaning |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menariwlay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of cleaning | senariwlay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of cleaning | olariwlay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of cleaning | bizariwlay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of cleaning | sizariwlay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of cleaning | alaariwlay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of cleaning |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menariwlamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not cleaning | senariwlamay tura bolursayou must keep on not cleaning | olariwlamay tura bolurhe must keep on not cleaning | bizariwlamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not cleaning | sizariwlamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not cleaning | alaariwlamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not cleaning |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menariwlağan bolurmaI must have cleaned | senariwlağan bolursayou must have cleaned | olariwlağan bolurhe must have cleaned | bizariwlağan bolurbuzwe must have cleaned | sizariwlağan bolursuzyou all must have cleaned | alaariwlağan bolurlathey must have cleaned |
| Inference (must have) | menariwlamağan bolurmaI must not have cleaned | senariwlamağan bolursayou must not have cleaned | olariwlamağan bolurhe must not have cleaned | bizariwlamağan bolurbuzwe must not have cleaned | sizariwlamağan bolursuzyou all must not have cleaned | alaariwlamağan bolurlathey must not have cleaned |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menariwlarıq bolurmaI must be going to clean | senariwlarıq bolursayou must be going to clean | olariwlarıq bolurhe must be going to clean | bizariwlarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to clean | sizariwlarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to clean | alaariwlarıq bolurlathey must be going to clean |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menariwlamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to clean | senariwlamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to clean | olariwlamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to clean | bizariwlamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to clean | sizariwlamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to clean | alaariwlamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to clean |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menariwlayımlet me clean | senariwla!clean! | olariwlasınlet him clean | bizariwlayıqlet's clean | sizariwlağız!clean, you all! | alaariwlasınlalet them clean |
| Commands & suggestions | menariwlamayımlet me not clean | senariwlama!don't clean! | olariwlamasınlet him not clean | bizariwlamayıqlet's not clean | sizariwlamağız!don't clean, you all! | alaariwlamasınlalet them not clean |
| Commands & suggestions | menariwlayımmı?shall I clean? | olariwlasınmı?should he clean? | bizariwlayıqmı?shall we clean? | alaariwlasınlamı?should they clean? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menariwlamayımmı?shall I not clean? | olariwlamasınmı?should he not clean? | bizariwlamayıqmı?shall we not clean? | alaariwlamasınlamı?should they not clean? | ||
| Requests | senariwlaçı2ariwlaçınplease clean | olariwlasınçıdo let him clean | sizariwlaçığızplease clean (plural/polite) | alaariwlasınlaçıdo let them clean | ||
| Requests | senariwlamaçı2ariwlamaçınplease don't clean | olariwlamasınçıdo let him not clean | sizariwlamaçığızplease don't clean (plural/polite) | alaariwlamasınlaçıdo let them not clean | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senariwlağınariwlağımay you clean | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senariwlamağınariwlamağımay you not clean | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menariwlağay edim ariwlağa edimwould that I cleaned | senariwlağay ediŋ ariwlağa ediŋwould that you cleaned | olariwlağay edi ariwlağa ediwould that he cleaned | bizariwlağay edik ariwlağa edikwould that we cleaned | sizariwlağay edigiz ariwlağa edigizwould that you all cleaned | alaariwlağay edile ariwlağa edilewould that they cleaned |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menariwlamağay edim ariwlamağa edimwould that I did not clean | senariwlamağay ediŋ ariwlamağa ediŋwould that you did not clean | olariwlamağay edi ariwlamağa ediwould that he did not clean | bizariwlamağay edik ariwlamağa edikwould that we did not clean | sizariwlamağay edigiz ariwlamağa edigizwould that you all did not clean | alaariwlamağay edile ariwlamağa edilewould that they did not clean |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menariwlamağa qoyayımariwlama qoyayımlet me allow someone to clean | senariwlamağa qoy!ariwlama qoy!let someone clean! | olariwlamağa qoysunariwlama qoysunlet him allow someone to clean | bizariwlamağa qoyayıqariwlama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to clean | sizariwlamağa qoyuğuz!ariwlama qoyuğuz!let someone clean, you all! | alaariwlamağa qoysunlaariwlama qoysunlalet them allow someone to clean |
| Let someone… (commands) | menariwlamağa qoymayımariwlama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to clean | senariwlamağa qoyma!ariwlama qoyma!don't let someone clean! | olariwlamağa qoymasınariwlama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to clean | bizariwlamağa qoymayıqariwlama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to clean | sizariwlamağa qoymağız!ariwlama qoymağız!don't let someone clean, you all! | alaariwlamağa qoymasınlaariwlama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to clean |
| Let someone… (commands) | menariwlamağa qoyayımmı?ariwlama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to clean? | olariwlamağa qoysunmu?ariwlama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to clean? | bizariwlamağa qoyayıqmı?ariwlama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to clean? | alaariwlamağa qoysunlamı?ariwlama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to clean? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menariwlamağa qoymayımmı?ariwlama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to clean? | olariwlamağa qoymasınmı?ariwlama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to clean? | bizariwlamağa qoymayıqmı?ariwlama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to clean? | alaariwlamağa qoymasınlamı?ariwlama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to clean? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menariwlamağa qoyamaariwlama qoyamaI allow someone to clean | senariwlamağa qoyasaariwlama qoyasayou allow someone to clean | olariwlamağa qoyadıariwlama qoyadıhe allows someone to clean | bizariwlamağa qoyabızariwlama qoyabızwe allow someone to clean | sizariwlamağa qoyasızariwlama qoyasızyou all allow someone to clean | alaariwlamağa qoyadılaariwlama qoyadılathey allow someone to clean |
| Let someone… (present) | menariwlamağa qoymaymaariwlama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to clean | senariwlamağa qoymaysaariwlama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to clean | olariwlamağa qoymaydıariwlama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to clean | bizariwlamağa qoymaybızariwlama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to clean | sizariwlamağa qoymaysızariwlama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to clean | alaariwlamağa qoymaydılaariwlama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to clean |
| Let someone… (present) | menariwlamağa qoyamamı?ariwlama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to clean? | senariwlamağa qoyamısa?ariwlama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to clean? | olariwlamağa qoyamıdı?ariwlama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to clean? | bizariwlamağa qoyabızmı?ariwlama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to clean? | sizariwlamağa qoyamısız?ariwlama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to clean? | alaariwlamağa qoyamıdıla?ariwlama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to clean? |
| Let someone… (present) | menariwlamağa qoymaymamı?ariwlama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to clean? | senariwlamağa qoymaymısa?ariwlama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to clean? | olariwlamağa qoymaymıdı?ariwlama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to clean? | bizariwlamağa qoymaybızmı?ariwlama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to clean? | sizariwlamağa qoymaymısız?ariwlama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to clean? | alaariwlamağa qoymaymıdıla?ariwlama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to clean? |
| Let someone… (past) | menariwlamağa qoydumariwlama qoydumI allowed someone to clean | senariwlamağa qoyduŋariwlama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to clean | olariwlamağa qoyduariwlama qoyduhe allowed someone to clean | bizariwlamağa qoyduqariwlama qoyduqwe allowed someone to clean | sizariwlamağa qoyduğuzariwlama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to clean | alaariwlamağa qoydulaariwlama qoydulathey allowed someone to clean |
| Let someone… (past) | menariwlamağa qoymadımariwlama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to clean | senariwlamağa qoymadıŋariwlama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to clean | olariwlamağa qoymadıariwlama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to clean | bizariwlamağa qoymadıqariwlama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to clean | sizariwlamağa qoymadığızariwlama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to clean | alaariwlamağa qoymadılaariwlama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to clean |
| Let someone… (past) | menariwlamağa qoydummu?ariwlama qoydummu?did I allow someone to clean? | senariwlamağa qoyduŋmu?ariwlama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to clean? | olariwlamağa qoydumu?ariwlama qoydumu?did he allow someone to clean? | bizariwlamağa qoyduqmu?ariwlama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to clean? | sizariwlamağa qoyduğuzmu?ariwlama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to clean? | alaariwlamağa qoydulamı?ariwlama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to clean? |
| Let someone… (past) | menariwlamağa qoymadımmı?ariwlama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to clean? | senariwlamağa qoymadıŋmı?ariwlama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to clean? | olariwlamağa qoymadımı?ariwlama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to clean? | bizariwlamağa qoymadıqmı?ariwlama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to clean? | sizariwlamağa qoymadığızmı?ariwlama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to clean? | alaariwlamağa qoymadılamı?ariwlama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to clean? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
ariwlayalırğa be able to clean · ariwlayalmazğa be unable to clean
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menariwlayalamaI can clean | senariwlayalasayou can clean | olariwlayaladıhe can clean | bizariwlayalabızwe can clean | sizariwlayalasızyou all can clean | alaariwlayaladılathey can clean |
| Ability — present | menariwlayalmaymaI can't clean | senariwlayalmaysayou can't clean | olariwlayalmaydıhe can't clean | bizariwlayalmaybızwe can't clean | sizariwlayalmaysızyou all can't clean | alaariwlayalmaydılathey can't clean |
| Ability — present | menariwlayalamamı? ariwlayalamıma?can I clean? | senariwlayalamısa?can you clean? | olariwlayalamıdı?can he clean? | bizariwlayalabızmı? ariwlayalamıbız?can we clean? | sizariwlayalamısız?can you all clean? | alaariwlayalamıdıla?can they clean? |
| Ability — present | menariwlayalmaymamı? ariwlayalmaymıma?can't I clean? | senariwlayalmaymısa?can't you clean? | olariwlayalmaymıdı?can't he clean? | bizariwlayalmaybızmı? ariwlayalmaymıbız?can't we clean? | sizariwlayalmaymısız?can't you all clean? | alaariwlayalmaymıdıla?can't they clean? |
| Ability — if I can… | menariwlayalsamif I can clean | senariwlayalsaŋif you can clean | olariwlayalsaif he can clean | bizariwlayalsaqif we can clean | sizariwlayalsağızif you all can clean | alaariwlayalsalaif they can clean |
| Ability — if I can… | menariwlayalmasamif I can't clean | senariwlayalmasaŋif you can't clean | olariwlayalmasaif he can't clean | bizariwlayalmasaqif we can't clean | sizariwlayalmasağızif you all can't clean | alaariwlayalmasalaif they can't clean |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menariwlayaldımI was able to clean | senariwlayaldıŋyou were able to clean | olariwlayaldıhe was able to clean | bizariwlayaldıqwe were able to clean | sizariwlayaldığızyou all were able to clean | alaariwlayaldılathey were able to clean |
| Ability — simple past | menariwlayalmadımI could not clean | senariwlayalmadıŋyou could not clean | olariwlayalmadıhe could not clean | bizariwlayalmadıqwe could not clean | sizariwlayalmadığızyou all could not clean | alaariwlayalmadılathey could not clean |
| Ability — simple past | menariwlayaldımmı?was I able to clean? | senariwlayaldıŋmı?were you able to clean? | olariwlayaldımı?was he able to clean? | bizariwlayaldıqmı?were we able to clean? | sizariwlayaldığızmı?were you all able to clean? | alaariwlayaldılamı?were they able to clean? |
| Ability — simple past | menariwlayalmadımmı?couldn't I clean? | senariwlayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you clean? | olariwlayalmadımı?couldn't he clean? | bizariwlayalmadıqmı?couldn't we clean? | sizariwlayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all clean? | alaariwlayalmadılamı?couldn't they clean? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menariwlayalğanmaI have been able to clean | senariwlayalğansayou have been able to clean | olariwlayalğandıhe has been able to clean | bizariwlayalğanbızwe have been able to clean | sizariwlayalğansızyou all have been able to clean | alaariwlayalğandılathey have been able to clean |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menariwlayalmağanmaI haven't been able to clean | senariwlayalmağansayou haven't been able to clean | olariwlayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to clean | bizariwlayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to clean | sizariwlayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to clean | alaariwlayalmağandılathey haven't been able to clean |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menariwlayalğanmamı? ariwlayalğanmıma?have I been able to clean? | senariwlayalğanmısa?have you been able to clean? | olariwlayalğanmıdı?has he been able to clean? | bizariwlayalğanbızmı? ariwlayalğanmıbız?have we been able to clean? | sizariwlayalğanmısız?have you all been able to clean? | alaariwlayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to clean? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menariwlayalmağanmamı? ariwlayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to clean? | senariwlayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to clean? | olariwlayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to clean? | bizariwlayalmağanbızmı? ariwlayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to clean? | sizariwlayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to clean? | alaariwlayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to clean? |
| Ability — past perfect | menariwlayalğan edimariwlayalğanemI had been able to clean | senariwlayalğan ediŋariwlayalğaneŋyou had been able to clean | olariwlayalğan ediariwlayalğanedhe had been able to clean | bizariwlayalğan edikariwlayalğanekwe had been able to clean | sizariwlayalğan edigizariwlayalğanegizyou all had been able to clean | alaariwlayalğan edileariwlayalğanellethey had been able to clean |
| Ability — past perfect | menariwlayalmağan edimariwlayalmağanemI hadn't been able to clean | senariwlayalmağan ediŋariwlayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to clean | olariwlayalmağan ediariwlayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to clean | bizariwlayalmağan edikariwlayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to clean | sizariwlayalmağan edigizariwlayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to clean | alaariwlayalmağan edileariwlayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to clean |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menariwlayala edimariwlayalaemI could clean | senariwlayala ediŋariwlayalaeŋyou could clean | olariwlayala ediariwlayalaedhe could clean | bizariwlayala edikariwlayalaekwe could clean | sizariwlayala edigizariwlayalaegizyou all could clean | alaariwlayala edileariwlayalaellethey could clean |
| Ability — past background | menariwlayalmay edimariwlayalmayemI could not clean | senariwlayalmay ediŋariwlayalmayeŋyou could not clean | olariwlayalmay ediariwlayalmayedhe could not clean | bizariwlayalmay edikariwlayalmayekwe could not clean | sizariwlayalmay edigizariwlayalmayegizyou all could not clean | alaariwlayalmay edileariwlayalmayellethey could not clean |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menariwlayalırmaI will be able to clean | senariwlayalırsayou will be able to clean | olariwlayalırhe will be able to clean | bizariwlayalırbızwe will be able to clean | sizariwlayalırsızyou all will be able to clean | alaariwlayalırlathey will be able to clean |
| Ability — future I | menariwlayalmazmaI won't be able to clean | senariwlayalmazsayou won't be able to clean | olariwlayalmazhe won't be able to clean | bizariwlayalmazbızwe won't be able to clean | sizariwlayalmazsızyou all won't be able to clean | alaariwlayalmazlathey won't be able to clean |
| Ability — future I | menariwlayalırmamı? ariwlayalırmıma?will I be able to clean? | senariwlayalırmısa?will you be able to clean? | olariwlayalırmı?will he be able to clean? | bizariwlayalırbızmı? ariwlayalırmıbız?will we be able to clean? | sizariwlayalırmısız?will you all be able to clean? | alaariwlayalırlamı? ariwlayalırmıla?will they be able to clean? |
| Ability — future I | menariwlayalmazmamı? ariwlayalmazmıma?won't I be able to clean? | senariwlayalmazmısa?won't you be able to clean? | olariwlayalmazmı?won't he be able to clean? | bizariwlayalmazbızmı? ariwlayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to clean? | sizariwlayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to clean? | alaariwlayalmazlamı? ariwlayalmazmıla?won't they be able to clean? |
| Ability — future II | menariwlayallıqmaI am going to be able to clean | senariwlayallıqsayou are going to be able to clean | olariwlayallıqdıhe is going to be able to clean | bizariwlayallıqbızwe are going to be able to clean | sizariwlayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to clean | alaariwlayallıqdılathey are going to be able to clean |
| Ability — future II | menariwlayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to clean | senariwlayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to clean | olariwlayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to clean | bizariwlayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to clean | sizariwlayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to clean | alaariwlayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to clean |
| Ability — future II | menariwlayallıqmamı? ariwlayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to clean? | senariwlayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to clean? | olariwlayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to clean? | bizariwlayallıqbızmı? ariwlayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to clean? | sizariwlayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to clean? | alaariwlayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to clean? |
| Ability — future II | menariwlayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to clean? | senariwlayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to clean? | olariwlayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to clean? | bizariwlayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to clean? | sizariwlayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to clean? | alaariwlayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to clean? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menariwlayalır edimariwlayalır emI would be able to clean | senariwlayalır ediŋariwlayalır eŋyou would be able to clean | olariwlayalır ediariwlayalır edhe would be able to clean | bizariwlayalır edikariwlayalır ekwe would be able to clean | sizariwlayalır edigizariwlayalır egizyou all would be able to clean | alaariwlayalır edileariwlayalır ellethey would be able to clean |
| Ability — would be able to… | menariwlayalmaz edimariwlayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to clean | senariwlayalmaz ediŋariwlayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to clean | olariwlayalmaz ediariwlayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to clean | bizariwlayalmaz edikariwlayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to clean | sizariwlayalmaz edigizariwlayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to clean | alaariwlayalmaz edileariwlayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to clean |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senariwlayalğınariwlayalğımay you be able to clean | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senariwlayalmağınariwlayalmağımay you not be able to clean | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menariwlarğa izleymeI want to clean | senariwlarğa izleyseyou want to clean | olariwlarğa izleydihe wants to clean | bizariwlarğa izleybizwe want to clean | sizariwlarğa izleysizyou all want to clean | alaariwlarğa izleydilethey want to clean |
| want to | menariwlarğa izlemeymeI do not want to clean | senariwlarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to clean | olariwlarğa izlemeydihe does not want to clean | bizariwlarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to clean | sizariwlarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to clean | alaariwlarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to clean |
| would like to | menariwlarğa süemeI would like to clean | senariwlarğa süeseyou would like to clean | olariwlarğa süedihe would like to clean | bizariwlarğa süebizwe would like to clean | sizariwlarğa süesizyou all would like to clean | alaariwlarğa süedilethey would like to clean |
| would like to | menariwlarğa süymeymeI would not like to clean | senariwlarğa süymeyseyou would not like to clean | olariwlarğa süymeydihe would not like to clean | bizariwlarğa süymeybizwe would not like to clean | sizariwlarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to clean | alaariwlarğa süymeydilethey would not like to clean |
| hope to | menariwlarğa umutlanamaI hope to clean | senariwlarğa umutlanasayou hope to clean | olariwlarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to clean | bizariwlarğa umutlanabızwe hope to clean | sizariwlarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to clean | alaariwlarğa umutlanadılathey hope to clean |
| hope to | menariwlarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to clean | senariwlarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to clean | olariwlarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to clean | bizariwlarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to clean | sizariwlarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to clean | alaariwlarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to clean |
| be about to | menariwlarğa deb turamaI am about to clean | senariwlarğa deb turasayou are about to clean | olariwlarğa deb turadıhe is about to clean | bizariwlarğa deb turabızwe are about to clean | sizariwlarğa deb turasızyou all are about to clean | alaariwlarğa deb turadılathey are about to clean |
| be about to | menariwlarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to clean | senariwlarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to clean | olariwlarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to clean | bizariwlarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to clean | sizariwlarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to clean | alaariwlarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to clean |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menariwlarğa kerekmeI need to clean | senariwlarğa kerekseyou need to clean | olariwlarğa kerekdihe needs to clean | bizariwlarğa kerekbizwe need to clean | sizariwlarğa kereksizyou all need to clean | alaariwlarğa kerekdilethey need to clean |
| need to | menariwlarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to clean | senariwlarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to clean | olariwlarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to clean | bizariwlarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to clean | sizariwlarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to clean | alaariwlarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to clean |
| have to | menmenŋe ariwlarğa tüşediI have to clean | sensenŋe ariwlarğa tüşediyou have to clean | olaŋa ariwlarğa tüşedihe has to clean | bizbizge ariwlarğa tüşediwe have to clean | sizsizge ariwlarğa tüşediyou all have to clean | alaalağa ariwlarğa tüşedithey have to clean |
| have to | menmenŋe ariwlarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to clean | sensenŋe ariwlarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to clean | olaŋa ariwlarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to clean | bizbizge ariwlarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to clean | sizsizge ariwlarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to clean | alaalağa ariwlarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to clean |
| be obliged to | menariwlarğa borçlumaI am obliged to clean | senariwlarğa borçlusayou are obliged to clean | olariwlarğa borçluduhe is obliged to clean | bizariwlarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to clean | sizariwlarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to clean | alaariwlarğa borçludulathey are obliged to clean |
| be obliged to | menariwlarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to clean | senariwlarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to clean | olariwlarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to clean | bizariwlarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to clean | sizariwlarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to clean | alaariwlarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to clean |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menariwlarğa madarım bardıI have a way to clean | senariwlarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to clean | olariwlarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to clean | bizariwlarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to clean | sizariwlarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to clean | alaariwlarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to clean |
| have a way to | menariwlarğa madarım joqduI have no way to clean | senariwlarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to clean | olariwlarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to clean | bizariwlarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to clean | sizariwlarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to clean | alaariwlarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to clean |
| be free to | menariwlarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to clean | senariwlarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to clean | olariwlarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to clean | bizariwlarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to clean | sizariwlarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to clean | alaariwlarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to clean |
| be free to | menariwlarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to clean | senariwlarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to clean | olariwlarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to clean | bizariwlarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to clean | sizariwlarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to clean | alaariwlarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to clean |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ariwlarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to clean | sensenŋe ariwlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to clean | olaŋa ariwlarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to clean | bizbizge ariwlarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to clean | sizsizge ariwlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to clean | alaalağa ariwlarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to clean |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ariwlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to clean | sensenŋe ariwlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to clean | olaŋa ariwlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to clean | bizbizge ariwlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to clean | sizsizge ariwlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to clean | alaalağa ariwlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to clean |
| be ready to | menariwlarğa hazırmaI am ready to clean | senariwlarğa hazırsayou are ready to clean | olariwlarğa hazırdıhe is ready to clean | bizariwlarğa hazırbızwe are ready to clean | sizariwlarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to clean | alaariwlarğa hazırdılathey are ready to clean |
| be ready to | menariwlarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to clean | senariwlarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to clean | olariwlarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to clean | bizariwlarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to clean | sizariwlarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to clean | alaariwlarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to clean |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menariwlarğa küreşemeI am trying to clean | senariwlarğa küreşeseyou are trying to clean | olariwlarğa küreşedihe is trying to clean | bizariwlarğa küreşebizwe are trying to clean | sizariwlarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to clean | alaariwlarğa küreşedilethey are trying to clean |
| try to | menariwlarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to clean | senariwlarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to clean | olariwlarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to clean | bizariwlarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to clean | sizariwlarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to clean | alaariwlarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to clean |
| agree to | menariwlarğa unaymaI agree to clean | senariwlarğa unaysayou agree to clean | olariwlarğa unaydıhe agrees to clean | bizariwlarğa unaybızwe agree to clean | sizariwlarğa unaysızyou all agree to clean | alaariwlarğa unaydılathey agree to clean |
| agree to | menariwlarğa unamaymaI refuse to clean | senariwlarğa unamaysayou refuse to clean | olariwlarğa unamaydıhe refuses to clean | bizariwlarğa unamaybızwe refuse to clean | sizariwlarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to clean | alaariwlarğa unamaydılathey refuse to clean |
| hurry to | menariwlarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to clean | senariwlarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to clean | olariwlarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to clean | bizariwlarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to clean | sizariwlarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to clean | alaariwlarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to clean |
| hurry to | menariwlarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to clean | senariwlarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to clean | olariwlarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to clean | bizariwlarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to clean | sizariwlarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to clean | alaariwlarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to clean |
| be afraid to | menariwlarğa qorqamaI am afraid to clean | senariwlarğa qorqasayou are afraid to clean | olariwlarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to clean | bizariwlarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to clean | sizariwlarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to clean | alaariwlarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to clean |
| be afraid to | menariwlarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to clean | senariwlarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to clean | olariwlarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to clean | bizariwlarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to clean | sizariwlarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to clean | alaariwlarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to clean |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menariwlay bolmazmaI can't be cleaning | senariwlay bolmazsayou can't be cleaning | olariwlay bolmazhe can't be cleaning | bizariwlay bolmazbızwe can't be cleaning | sizariwlay bolmazsızyou all can't be cleaning | alaariwlay bolmazlathey can't be cleaning |
| Inference, present — double negation | menariwlamay bolmazmaI must be cleaning (emphatic) | senariwlamay bolmazsayou must be cleaning (emphatic) | olariwlamay bolmazhe must be cleaning (emphatic) | bizariwlamay bolmazbızwe must be cleaning (emphatic) | sizariwlamay bolmazsızyou all must be cleaning (emphatic) | alaariwlamay bolmazlathey must be cleaning (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menariwlay turmasamif I don't keep cleaning | senariwlay turmasaŋif you don't keep cleaning | olariwlay turmasaif he doesn't keep cleaning | bizariwlay turmasaqif we don't keep cleaning | sizariwlay turmasağızif you all don't keep cleaning | alaariwlay turmasalaif they don't keep cleaning |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menariwlay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of cleaning | senariwlay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of cleaning | olariwlay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of cleaning | bizariwlay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of cleaning | sizariwlay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of cleaning | alaariwlay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of cleaning |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menariwlamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not cleaning (emphatic) | senariwlamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not cleaning (emphatic) | olariwlamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not cleaning (emphatic) | bizariwlamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not cleaning (emphatic) | sizariwlamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not cleaning (emphatic) | alaariwlamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not cleaning (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menariwlamay turamaI keep on not cleaning | senariwlamay turasayou keep on not cleaning | olariwlamay turadıhe keeps on not cleaning | bizariwlamay turabızwe keep on not cleaning | sizariwlamay turasızyou all keep on not cleaning | alaariwlamay turadılathey keep on not cleaning |
| Progressive — double negation | menariwlamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not cleaning | senariwlamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not cleaning | olariwlamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not cleaning | bizariwlamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not cleaning | sizariwlamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not cleaning | alaariwlamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not cleaning |
| Progressive — double negation | menariwlamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not cleaning? | senariwlamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not cleaning? | olariwlamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not cleaning? | bizariwlamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not cleaning? | sizariwlamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not cleaning? | alaariwlamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not cleaning? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menariwlağan bolmazmaI can't have cleaned | senariwlağan bolmazsayou can't have cleaned | olariwlağan bolmazhe can't have cleaned | bizariwlağan bolmazbızwe can't have cleaned | sizariwlağan bolmazsızyou all can't have cleaned | alaariwlağan bolmazlathey can't have cleaned |
| Inference — double negation | menariwlamağan bolmazmaI must have cleaned (emphatic) | senariwlamağan bolmazsayou must have cleaned (emphatic) | olariwlamağan bolmazhe must have cleaned (emphatic) | bizariwlamağan bolmazbızwe must have cleaned (emphatic) | sizariwlamağan bolmazsızyou all must have cleaned (emphatic) | alaariwlamağan bolmazlathey must have cleaned (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menariwlağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had cleaned | senariwlağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had cleaned | olariwlağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had cleaned | bizariwlağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had cleaned | sizariwlağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had cleaned | alaariwlağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had cleaned |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menariwlamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't cleaned | senariwlamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't cleaned | olariwlamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't cleaned | bizariwlamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't cleaned | sizariwlamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't cleaned | alaariwlamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't cleaned |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menariwlarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to clean | senariwlarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to clean | olariwlarıq bolmazhe can't be going to clean | bizariwlarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to clean | sizariwlarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to clean | alaariwlarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to clean |
| Inference, future — double negation | menariwlamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to clean (emphatic) | senariwlamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to clean (emphatic) | olariwlamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to clean (emphatic) | bizariwlamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to clean (emphatic) | sizariwlamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to clean (emphatic) | alaariwlamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to clean (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menariwlarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to clean | senariwlarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to clean | olariwlarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to clean | bizariwlarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to clean | sizariwlarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to clean | alaariwlarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to clean |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menariwlamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to clean | senariwlamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to clean | olariwlamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to clean | bizariwlamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to clean | sizariwlamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to clean | alaariwlamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to clean |