alışırğa
/alɯʃɯrʁa/
1. exchange, swap, trade with one another — the things exchanged take the accusative and the other party is marked with bla
- Ahmat bla Husey dersliklerin alışadıla — Akhmat and Husey swap their textbooks
- kel, alışayıq — come on, let's swap
- ala atları bla alışdıla — they traded their horses with one another
- ekibiz alışdıq — the two of us swapped
- men anı bla alışırma — I will swap with him
- atnı eşekge alışhanlay — as when a horse was traded for a donkey
2. compete, contend, vie — used of wrestling and dancing contests and of racing one another to take something
- jaşla alışdıla — the young men contended with one another
- ol meni bla alışadı — he is competing with me
- biz tünene alışdıq — we competed yesterday
- toyda alışırğa — to vie with one another at the wedding
3. fight, wrestle, grapple with one another one source
- sabiyle alışdıla — the children fought
- ekisi da alışadıla — the two of them are fighting
- ala jolda alışdıla — they grappled on the road
- alışırğa süymeyme — I do not want to fight
4. take jointly, take together with someone
- biz malnı alışdıq — we took the livestock jointly
- ala birge alışadıla — they take it together
- men qarnaşım bla alışhanma — I have taken it jointly with my brother
- jerni alışırğa — to take the land jointly
Expressions
- duniya malına alışmazğa — to treasure above all
- duniyasın alışhan — the deceased
- eki egeçden tuwğanla tana tuluq alışmazla — maternal kin are generous
- qol alışırğa — shake hands
Conjugation
Common forms
- alışadıhe is competing
- alışdıhe competed
- alışhandıhe has competed
- alışırhe will compete
- alışırıqdıhe is going to compete
- alışa edihe was competing
- alışsaif he competes
- alış!compete!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menalışamaI am competing | senalışasayou are competing | olalışadıhe is competing | bizalışabızwe are competing | sizalışasızyou all are competing | alaalışadılathey are competing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menalışmaymaI am not competing | senalışmaysayou are not competing | olalışmaydıhe is not competing | bizalışmaybızwe are not competing | sizalışmaysızyou all are not competing | alaalışmaydılathey are not competing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menalışamamı? alışamıma?am I competing? | senalışamısa?are you competing? | olalışamıdı?is he competing? | bizalışabızmı? alışamıbız?are we competing? | sizalışamısız?are you all competing? | alaalışamıdıla?are they competing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menalışmaymamı? alışmaymıma?aren't I competing? | senalışmaymısa?aren't you competing? | olalışmaymıdı?isn't he competing? | bizalışmaybızmı? alışmaymıbız?aren't we competing? | sizalışmaymısız?aren't you all competing? | alaalışmaymıdıla?aren't they competing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menalışıwçanmaI usually compete | senalışıwçansayou usually compete | olalışıwçandıhe usually competes | bizalışıwçanbızwe usually compete | sizalışıwçansızyou all usually compete | alaalışıwçandılathey usually compete |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menalışmawçanmaI usually don't compete | senalışmawçansayou usually don't compete | olalışmawçandıhe usually doesn't compete | bizalışmawçanbızwe usually don't compete | sizalışmawçansızyou all usually don't compete | alaalışmawçandılathey usually don't compete |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menalışıwçanmamı? alışıwçanmıma?do I usually compete? | senalışıwçanmısa?do you usually compete? | olalışıwçanmıdı?does he usually compete? | bizalışıwçanbızmı? alışıwçanmıbız?do we usually compete? | sizalışıwçanmısız?do you all usually compete? | alaalışıwçanmıdıla?do they usually compete? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menalışmawçanmamı? alışmawçanmıma?do I usually not compete? | senalışmawçanmısa?do you usually not compete? | olalışmawçanmıdı?does he usually not compete? | bizalışmawçanbızmı? alışmawçanmıbız?do we usually not compete? | sizalışmawçanmısız?do you all usually not compete? | alaalışmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not compete? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olalışıbdıhe has competed and remains so | alaalışıbdılathey have competed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olalışıbmıdı?has he competed? | alaalışıbmıdıla?have they competed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menalışıb turamaI keep competing | senalışıb turasayou keep competing | olalışıb turadıhe keeps competing | bizalışıb turabızwe keep competing | sizalışıb turasızyou all keep competing | alaalışıb turadılathey keep competing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menalışıb turmaymaI don't keep competing | senalışıb turmaysayou don't keep competing | olalışıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep competing | bizalışıb turmaybızwe don't keep competing | sizalışıb turmaysızyou all don't keep competing | alaalışıb turmaydılathey don't keep competing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menalışıb turamamı? alışıb turamıma?do I keep competing? | senalışıb turamısa?do you keep competing? | olalışıb turamıdı?does he keep competing? | bizalışıb turabızmı? alışıb turamıbız?do we keep competing? | sizalışıb turamısız?do you all keep competing? | alaalışıb turamıdıla?do they keep competing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menalışıb turmaymamı? alışıb turmaymıma?don't I keep competing? | senalışıb turmaymısa?don't you keep competing? | olalışıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep competing? | bizalışıb turmaybızmı? alışıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep competing? | sizalışıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep competing? | alaalışıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep competing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menalışa turamaI am in the middle of competing | senalışa turasayou are in the middle of competing | olalışa turadıhe is in the middle of competing | bizalışa turabızwe are in the middle of competing | sizalışa turasızyou all are in the middle of competing | alaalışa turadılathey are in the middle of competing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menalışa turmaymaI am not in the middle of competing | senalışa turmaysayou are not in the middle of competing | olalışa turmaydıhe is not in the middle of competing | bizalışa turmaybızwe are not in the middle of competing | sizalışa turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of competing | alaalışa turmaydılathey are not in the middle of competing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menalışa turamamı? alışa turamıma?am I in the middle of competing? | senalışa turamısa?are you in the middle of competing? | olalışa turamıdı?is he in the middle of competing? | bizalışa turabızmı? alışa turamıbız?are we in the middle of competing? | sizalışa turamısız?are you all in the middle of competing? | alaalışa turamıdıla?are they in the middle of competing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menalışa turmaymamı? alışa turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of competing? | senalışa turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of competing? | olalışa turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of competing? | bizalışa turmaybızmı? alışa turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of competing? | sizalışa turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of competing? | alaalışa turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of competing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menalışdımI competed | senalışdıŋyou competed | olalışdıhe competed | bizalışdıqwe competed | sizalışdığızyou all competed | alaalışdılathey competed |
| Simple past (definite) | menalışmadımI didn't compete | senalışmadıŋyou didn't compete | olalışmadıhe didn't compete | bizalışmadıqwe didn't compete | sizalışmadığızyou all didn't compete | alaalışmadılathey didn't compete |
| Simple past (definite) | menalışdımmı?did I compete? | senalışdıŋmı?did you compete? | olalışdımı?did he compete? | bizalışdıqmı?did we compete? | sizalışdığızmı?did you all compete? | alaalışdılamı?did they compete? |
| Simple past (definite) | menalışmadımmı?didn't I compete? | senalışmadıŋmı?didn't you compete? | olalışmadımı?didn't he compete? | bizalışmadıqmı?didn't we compete? | sizalışmadığızmı?didn't you all compete? | alaalışmadılamı?didn't they compete? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menalışhanmaI have competed | senalışhansayou have competed | olalışhandıhe has competed | bizalışhanbızwe have competed | sizalışhansızyou all have competed | alaalışhandılathey have competed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menalışmağanmaI haven't competed | senalışmağansayou haven't competed | olalışmağandıhe hasn't competed | bizalışmağanbızwe haven't competed | sizalışmağansızyou all haven't competed | alaalışmağandılathey haven't competed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menalışhanmamı? alışhanmıma?have I competed? | senalışhanmısa?have you competed? | olalışhanmıdı?has he competed? | bizalışhanbızmı? alışhanmıbız?have we competed? | sizalışhanmısız?have you all competed? | alaalışhanmıdıla?have they competed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menalışmağanmamı? alışmağanmıma?haven't I competed? | senalışmağanmısa?haven't you competed? | olalışmağanmıdı?hasn't he competed? | bizalışmağanbızmı? alışmağanmıbız?haven't we competed? | sizalışmağanmısız?haven't you all competed? | alaalışmağanmıdıla?haven't they competed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menalışıb turdumI kept competing | senalışıb turduŋyou kept competing | olalışıb turduhe kept competing | bizalışıb turduqwe kept competing | sizalışıb turduğuzyou all kept competing | alaalışıb turdulathey kept competing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menalışıb turmadımI didn't keep competing | senalışıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep competing | olalışıb turmadıhe didn't keep competing | bizalışıb turmadıqwe didn't keep competing | sizalışıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep competing | alaalışıb turmadılathey didn't keep competing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menalışırmaI will compete | senalışırsayou will compete | olalışırhe will compete | bizalışırbızwe will compete | sizalışırsızyou all will compete | alaalışırlathey will compete |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menalışmazmaI won't compete | senalışmazsayou won't compete | olalışmazhe won't compete | bizalışmazbızwe won't compete | sizalışmazsızyou all won't compete | alaalışmazlathey won't compete |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menalışırmamı? alışırmıma?will I compete? | senalışırmısa?will you compete? | olalışırmı?will he compete? | bizalışırbızmı? alışırmıbız?will we compete? | sizalışırmısız?will you all compete? | alaalışırlamı? alışırmıla?will they compete? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menalışmazmamı? alışmazmıma?won't I compete? | senalışmazmısa?won't you compete? | olalışmazmı?won't he compete? | bizalışmazbızmı? alışmazmıbız?won't we compete? | sizalışmazmısız?won't you all compete? | alaalışmazlamı? alışmazmıla?won't they compete? |
| Definite future (future II) | menalışırıqmaI am going to compete | senalışırıqsayou are going to compete | olalışırıqdıhe is going to compete | bizalışırıqbızwe are going to compete | sizalışırıqsızyou all are going to compete | alaalışırıqdılathey are going to compete |
| Definite future (future II) | menalışırıq tülmeI am not going to compete | senalışırıq tülseyou are not going to compete | olalışırıq tüldühe is not going to compete | bizalışırıq tülbüzwe are not going to compete | sizalışırıq tülsüzyou all are not going to compete | alaalışırıq tüldülethey are not going to compete |
| Definite future (future II) | menalışırıqmamı? alışırıqmıma?am I going to compete? | senalışırıqmısa?are you going to compete? | olalışırıqmıdı?is he going to compete? | bizalışırıqbızmı? alışırıqmıbız?are we going to compete? | sizalışırıqmısız?are you all going to compete? | alaalışırıqmıdıla?are they going to compete? |
| Definite future (future II) | menalışırıq tülmüme?aren't I going to compete? | senalışırıq tülmüse?aren't you going to compete? | olalışırıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to compete? | bizalışırıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to compete? | sizalışırıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to compete? | alaalışırıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to compete? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menalışhan edimalışhanemI had competed | senalışhan ediŋalışhaneŋyou had competed | olalışhan edialışhanedhe had competed | bizalışhan edikalışhanekwe had competed | sizalışhan edigizalışhanegizyou all had competed | alaalışhan edilealışhanellethey had competed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menalışmağan edimalışmağanemI hadn't competed | senalışmağan ediŋalışmağaneŋyou hadn't competed | olalışmağan edialışmağanedhe hadn't competed | bizalışmağan edikalışmağanekwe hadn't competed | sizalışmağan edigizalışmağanegizyou all hadn't competed | alaalışmağan edilealışmağanellethey hadn't competed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menalışa edimalışaemI was competing | senalışa ediŋalışaeŋyou were competing | olalışa edialışaedhe was competing | bizalışa edikalışaekwe were competing | sizalışa edigizalışaegizyou all were competing | alaalışa edilealışaellethey were competing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menalışmay edimalışmayemI wasn't competing | senalışmay ediŋalışmayeŋyou weren't competing | olalışmay edialışmayedhe wasn't competing | bizalışmay edikalışmayekwe weren't competing | sizalışmay edigizalışmayegizyou all weren't competing | alaalışmay edilealışmayellethey weren't competing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menalışıwçan edimalışıwçanemI used to compete | senalışıwçan ediŋalışıwçaneŋyou used to compete | olalışıwçan edialışıwçanedhe used to compete | bizalışıwçan edikalışıwçanekwe used to compete | sizalışıwçan edigizalışıwçanegizyou all used to compete | alaalışıwçan edilealışıwçanellethey used to compete |
| Habitual past (used to) | menalışmawçan edimalışmawçanemI didn't use to compete | senalışmawçan ediŋalışmawçaneŋyou didn't use to compete | olalışmawçan edialışmawçanedhe didn't use to compete | bizalışmawçan edikalışmawçanekwe didn't use to compete | sizalışmawçan edigizalışmawçanegizyou all didn't use to compete | alaalışmawçan edilealışmawçanellethey didn't use to compete |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olalışıb edihe had competed and remained so | alaalışıb edilethey had competed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olalışıb tül edihe hadn't competed | alaalışıb tül edilethey hadn't competed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menalışıb tura edimalışıb turaemI had kept competing | senalışıb tura ediŋalışıb turaeŋyou had kept competing | olalışıb tura edialışıb turaedhe had kept competing | bizalışıb tura edikalışıb turaekwe had kept competing | sizalışıb tura edigizalışıb turaegizyou all had kept competing | alaalışıb tura edilealışıb turaellethey had kept competing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menalışıb turmay edimalışıb turmayemI hadn't kept competing | senalışıb turmay ediŋalışıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept competing | olalışıb turmay edialışıb turmayedhe hadn't kept competing | bizalışıb turmay edikalışıb turmayekwe hadn't kept competing | sizalışıb turmay edigizalışıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept competing | alaalışıb turmay edilealışıb turmayellethey hadn't kept competing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menalışa tura edimalışa turaemI was in the middle of competing | senalışa tura ediŋalışa turaeŋyou were in the middle of competing | olalışa tura edialışa turaedhe was in the middle of competing | bizalışa tura edikalışa turaekwe were in the middle of competing | sizalışa tura edigizalışa turaegizyou all were in the middle of competing | alaalışa tura edilealışa turaellethey were in the middle of competing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menalışa turmay edimalışa turmayemI wasn't in the middle of competing | senalışa turmay ediŋalışa turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of competing | olalışa turmay edialışa turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of competing | bizalışa turmay edikalışa turmayekwe weren't in the middle of competing | sizalışa turmay edigizalışa turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of competing | alaalışa turmay edilealışa turmayellethey weren't in the middle of competing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menalışır edimalışır emI would compete | senalışır ediŋalışır eŋyou would compete | olalışır edialışır edhe would compete | bizalışır edikalışır ekwe would compete | sizalışır edigizalışır egizyou all would compete | alaalışır edilealışır ellethey would compete |
| Conditional result (would) | menalışmaz edimalışmaz emI wouldn't compete | senalışmaz ediŋalışmaz eŋyou wouldn't compete | olalışmaz edialışmaz edhe wouldn't compete | bizalışmaz edikalışmaz ekwe wouldn't compete | sizalışmaz edigizalışmaz egizyou all wouldn't compete | alaalışmaz edilealışmaz ellethey wouldn't compete |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menalışırıq edimalışırıq emI would have competed | senalışırıq ediŋalışırıq eŋyou would have competed | olalışırıq edialışırıq edhe would have competed | bizalışırıq edikalışırıq ekwe would have competed | sizalışırıq edigizalışırıq egizyou all would have competed | alaalışırıq edilealışırıq ellethey would have competed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menalışırıq tül edimalışırıq tül emI wouldn't have competed | senalışırıq tül ediŋalışırıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have competed | olalışırıq tül edialışırıq tül edhe wouldn't have competed | bizalışırıq tül edikalışırıq tül ekwe wouldn't have competed | sizalışırıq tül edigizalışırıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have competed | alaalışırıq tül edilealışırıq tül ellethey wouldn't have competed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menalışsamif I compete | senalışsaŋif you compete | olalışsaif he competes | bizalışsaqif we compete | sizalışsağızif you all compete | alaalışsalaif they compete |
| Conditional | menalışmasamif I don't compete | senalışmasaŋif you don't compete | olalışmasaif he doesn't compete | bizalışmasaqif we don't compete | sizalışmasağızif you all don't compete | alaalışmasalaif they don't compete |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menalışa esemif I am competing | senalışa eseŋif you are competing | olalışa eseif he is competing | bizalışa esekif we are competing | sizalışa esegizif you all are competing | alaalışa eseleif they are competing |
| Conditional, present real | menalışmay esemif I am not competing | senalışmay eseŋif you are not competing | olalışmay eseif he is not competing | bizalışmay esekif we are not competing | sizalışmay esegizif you all are not competing | alaalışmay eseleif they are not competing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menalışsam edialışsam edif only I competed | senalışsaŋ edialışsaŋ edif only you competed | olalışsa edialışsaedif only he competed | bizalışsaq edialışsaq edif only we competed | sizalışsağız edialışsağız edif only you all competed | alaalışsala edialışsalaedif only they competed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menalışmasam edialışmasam edif only I didn't compete | senalışmasaŋ edialışmasaŋ edif only you didn't compete | olalışmasa edialışmasaedif only he didn't compete | bizalışmasaq edialışmasaq edif only we didn't compete | sizalışmasağız edialışmasağız edif only you all didn't compete | alaalışmasala edialışmasalaedif only they didn't compete |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menalışıb tursamif I carry on competing | senalışıb tursaŋif you carry on competing | olalışıb tursaif he carries on competing | bizalışıb tursaqif we carry on competing | sizalışıb tursağızif you all carry on competing | alaalışıb tursalaif they carry on competing |
| Durative conditional | menalışıb turmasamif I don't carry on competing | senalışıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on competing | olalışıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on competing | bizalışıb turmasaqif we don't carry on competing | sizalışıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on competing | alaalışıb turmasalaif they don't carry on competing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menalışıb tura esemif I have kept competing | senalışıb tura eseŋif you have kept competing | olalışıb tura eseif he has kept competing | bizalışıb tura esekif we have kept competing | sizalışıb tura esegizif you all have kept competing | alaalışıb tura eseleif they have kept competing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menalışıb turmay esemif I haven't kept competing | senalışıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept competing | olalışıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept competing | bizalışıb turmay esekif we haven't kept competing | sizalışıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept competing | alaalışıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept competing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menalışa tursamif I keep competing | senalışa tursaŋif you keep competing | olalışa tursaif he keeps competing | bizalışa tursaqif we keep competing | sizalışa tursağızif you all keep competing | alaalışa tursalaif they keep competing |
| Progressive conditional | menalışmay tursamif I keep on not competing | senalışmay tursaŋif you keep on not competing | olalışmay tursaif he keeps on not competing | bizalışmay tursaqif we keep on not competing | sizalışmay tursağızif you all keep on not competing | alaalışmay tursalaif they keep on not competing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menalışa tura esemif I am in the middle of competing | senalışa tura eseŋif you are in the middle of competing | olalışa tura eseif he is in the middle of competing | bizalışa tura esekif we are in the middle of competing | sizalışa tura esegizif you all are in the middle of competing | alaalışa tura eseleif they are in the middle of competing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menalışmay tura esemif I keep on not competing | senalışmay tura eseŋif you keep on not competing | olalışmay tura eseif he keeps on not competing | bizalışmay tura esekif we keep on not competing | sizalışmay tura esegizif you all keep on not competing | alaalışmay tura eseleif they keep on not competing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menalışdım esemif I competed | senalışdıŋ eseŋif you competed | olalışdı eseif he competed | bizalışdıq esekif we competed | sizalışdığız esegizif you all competed | alaalışdıla eseleif they competed |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menalışmadım esemif I didn't compete | senalışmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't compete | olalışmadı eseif he didn't compete | bizalışmadıq esekif we didn't compete | sizalışmadığız esegizif you all didn't compete | alaalışmadıla eseleif they didn't compete |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menalışhan esemif I did compete (indeed) | senalışhan eseŋif you did compete (indeed) | olalışhan eseif he did compete (indeed) | bizalışhan esekif we did compete (indeed) | sizalışhan esegizif you all did compete (indeed) | alaalışhan eseleif they did compete (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menalışmağan esemif I didn't compete (indeed) | senalışmağan eseŋif you didn't compete (indeed) | olalışmağan eseif he didn't compete (indeed) | bizalışmağan esekif we didn't compete (indeed) | sizalışmağan esegizif you all didn't compete (indeed) | alaalışmağan eseleif they didn't compete (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menalışhan bolsamif I had competed | senalışhan bolsaŋif you had competed | olalışhan bolsaif he had competed | bizalışhan bolsaqif we had competed | sizalışhan bolsağızif you all had competed | alaalışhan bolsalaif they had competed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menalışmağan bolsamif I hadn't competed | senalışmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't competed | olalışmağan bolsaif he hadn't competed | bizalışmağan bolsaqif we hadn't competed | sizalışmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't competed | alaalışmağan bolsalaif they hadn't competed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menalışhan bolsam edialışhan bolsam edif only I had competed | senalışhan bolsaŋ edialışhan bolsaŋ edif only you had competed | olalışhan bolsa edialışhan bolsaedif only he had competed | bizalışhan bolsaq edialışhan bolsaq edif only we had competed | sizalışhan bolsağız edialışhan bolsağız edif only you all had competed | alaalışhan bolsala edialışhan bolsalaedif only they had competed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menalışmağan bolsam edialışmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't competed | senalışmağan bolsaŋ edialışmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't competed | olalışmağan bolsa edialışmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't competed | bizalışmağan bolsaq edialışmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't competed | sizalışmağan bolsağız edialışmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't competed | alaalışmağan bolsala edialışmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't competed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menalışır esemif I will compete | senalışır eseŋif you will compete | olalışır eseif he will compete | bizalışır esekif we will compete | sizalışır esegizif you all will compete | alaalışır eseleif they will compete |
| Conditional, aorist | menalışmaz esemif I won't compete | senalışmaz eseŋif you won't compete | olalışmaz eseif he won't compete | bizalışmaz esekif we won't compete | sizalışmaz esegizif you all won't compete | alaalışmaz eseleif they won't compete |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menalışırıq esemif I am going to compete | senalışırıq eseŋif you are going to compete | olalışırıq eseif he is going to compete | bizalışırıq esekif we are going to compete | sizalışırıq esegizif you all are going to compete | alaalışırıq eseleif they are going to compete |
| Conditional, future | menalışırıq tül esemif I am not going to compete | senalışırıq tül eseŋif you are not going to compete | olalışırıq tül eseif he is not going to compete | bizalışırıq tül esekif we are not going to compete | sizalışırıq tül esegizif you all are not going to compete | alaalışırıq tül eseleif they are not going to compete |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menalışırıq bolsamif I were going to compete | senalışırıq bolsaŋif you were going to compete | olalışırıq bolsaif he were going to compete | bizalışırıq bolsaqif we were going to compete | sizalışırıq bolsağızif you all were going to compete | alaalışırıq bolsalaif they were going to compete |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menalışmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to compete | senalışmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to compete | olalışmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to compete | bizalışmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to compete | sizalışmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to compete | alaalışmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to compete |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso alışdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menalışa bolurmaI must be competing | senalışa bolursayou must be competing | olalışa bolurhe must be competing | bizalışa bolurbuzwe must be competing | sizalışa bolursuzyou all must be competing | alaalışa bolurlathey must be competing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menalışmay bolurmaI must not be competing | senalışmay bolursayou must not be competing | olalışmay bolurhe must not be competing | bizalışmay bolurbuzwe must not be competing | sizalışmay bolursuzyou all must not be competing | alaalışmay bolurlathey must not be competing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menalışa tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of competing | senalışa tura bolursayou must be in the middle of competing | olalışa tura bolurhe must be in the middle of competing | bizalışa tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of competing | sizalışa tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of competing | alaalışa tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of competing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menalışmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not competing | senalışmay tura bolursayou must keep on not competing | olalışmay tura bolurhe must keep on not competing | bizalışmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not competing | sizalışmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not competing | alaalışmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not competing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menalışhan bolurmaI must have competed | senalışhan bolursayou must have competed | olalışhan bolurhe must have competed | bizalışhan bolurbuzwe must have competed | sizalışhan bolursuzyou all must have competed | alaalışhan bolurlathey must have competed |
| Inference (must have) | menalışmağan bolurmaI must not have competed | senalışmağan bolursayou must not have competed | olalışmağan bolurhe must not have competed | bizalışmağan bolurbuzwe must not have competed | sizalışmağan bolursuzyou all must not have competed | alaalışmağan bolurlathey must not have competed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menalışırıq bolurmaI must be going to compete | senalışırıq bolursayou must be going to compete | olalışırıq bolurhe must be going to compete | bizalışırıq bolurbuzwe must be going to compete | sizalışırıq bolursuzyou all must be going to compete | alaalışırıq bolurlathey must be going to compete |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menalışmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to compete | senalışmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to compete | olalışmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to compete | bizalışmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to compete | sizalışmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to compete | alaalışmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to compete |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menalışayımlet me compete | senalış!compete! | olalışsınlet him compete | bizalışayıqlet's compete | sizalışığız!compete, you all! | alaalışsınlalet them compete |
| Commands & suggestions | menalışmayımlet me not compete | senalışma!don't compete! | olalışmasınlet him not compete | bizalışmayıqlet's not compete | sizalışmağız!don't compete, you all! | alaalışmasınlalet them not compete |
| Commands & suggestions | menalışayımmı?shall I compete? | olalışsınmı?should he compete? | bizalışayıqmı?shall we compete? | alaalışsınlamı?should they compete? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menalışmayımmı?shall I not compete? | olalışmasınmı?should he not compete? | bizalışmayıqmı?shall we not compete? | alaalışmasınlamı?should they not compete? | ||
| Requests | senalışçı2alışçınplease compete | olalışsınçıdo let him compete | sizalışçığızplease compete (plural/polite) | alaalışsınlaçıdo let them compete | ||
| Requests | senalışmaçı2alışmaçınplease don't compete | olalışmasınçıdo let him not compete | sizalışmaçığızplease don't compete (plural/polite) | alaalışmasınlaçıdo let them not compete | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senalışhınalışhımay you compete | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senalışmağınalışmağımay you not compete | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menalışhay edim alışha edimwould that I competed | senalışhay ediŋ alışha ediŋwould that you competed | olalışhay edi alışha ediwould that he competed | bizalışhay edik alışha edikwould that we competed | sizalışhay edigiz alışha edigizwould that you all competed | alaalışhay edile alışha edilewould that they competed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menalışmağay edim alışmağa edimwould that I did not compete | senalışmağay ediŋ alışmağa ediŋwould that you did not compete | olalışmağay edi alışmağa ediwould that he did not compete | bizalışmağay edik alışmağa edikwould that we did not compete | sizalışmağay edigiz alışmağa edigizwould that you all did not compete | alaalışmağay edile alışmağa edilewould that they did not compete |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menalışmağa qoyayımalışma qoyayımlet me allow someone to compete | senalışmağa qoy!alışma qoy!let someone compete! | olalışmağa qoysunalışma qoysunlet him allow someone to compete | bizalışmağa qoyayıqalışma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to compete | sizalışmağa qoyuğuz!alışma qoyuğuz!let someone compete, you all! | alaalışmağa qoysunlaalışma qoysunlalet them allow someone to compete |
| Let someone… (commands) | menalışmağa qoymayımalışma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to compete | senalışmağa qoyma!alışma qoyma!don't let someone compete! | olalışmağa qoymasınalışma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to compete | bizalışmağa qoymayıqalışma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to compete | sizalışmağa qoymağız!alışma qoymağız!don't let someone compete, you all! | alaalışmağa qoymasınlaalışma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to compete |
| Let someone… (commands) | menalışmağa qoyayımmı?alışma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to compete? | olalışmağa qoysunmu?alışma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to compete? | bizalışmağa qoyayıqmı?alışma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to compete? | alaalışmağa qoysunlamı?alışma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to compete? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menalışmağa qoymayımmı?alışma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to compete? | olalışmağa qoymasınmı?alışma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to compete? | bizalışmağa qoymayıqmı?alışma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to compete? | alaalışmağa qoymasınlamı?alışma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to compete? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menalışmağa qoyamaalışma qoyamaI allow someone to compete | senalışmağa qoyasaalışma qoyasayou allow someone to compete | olalışmağa qoyadıalışma qoyadıhe allows someone to compete | bizalışmağa qoyabızalışma qoyabızwe allow someone to compete | sizalışmağa qoyasızalışma qoyasızyou all allow someone to compete | alaalışmağa qoyadılaalışma qoyadılathey allow someone to compete |
| Let someone… (present) | menalışmağa qoymaymaalışma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to compete | senalışmağa qoymaysaalışma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to compete | olalışmağa qoymaydıalışma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to compete | bizalışmağa qoymaybızalışma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to compete | sizalışmağa qoymaysızalışma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to compete | alaalışmağa qoymaydılaalışma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to compete |
| Let someone… (present) | menalışmağa qoyamamı?alışma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to compete? | senalışmağa qoyamısa?alışma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to compete? | olalışmağa qoyamıdı?alışma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to compete? | bizalışmağa qoyabızmı?alışma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to compete? | sizalışmağa qoyamısız?alışma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to compete? | alaalışmağa qoyamıdıla?alışma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to compete? |
| Let someone… (present) | menalışmağa qoymaymamı?alışma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to compete? | senalışmağa qoymaymısa?alışma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to compete? | olalışmağa qoymaymıdı?alışma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to compete? | bizalışmağa qoymaybızmı?alışma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to compete? | sizalışmağa qoymaymısız?alışma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to compete? | alaalışmağa qoymaymıdıla?alışma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to compete? |
| Let someone… (past) | menalışmağa qoydumalışma qoydumI allowed someone to compete | senalışmağa qoyduŋalışma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to compete | olalışmağa qoydualışma qoyduhe allowed someone to compete | bizalışmağa qoyduqalışma qoyduqwe allowed someone to compete | sizalışmağa qoyduğuzalışma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to compete | alaalışmağa qoydulaalışma qoydulathey allowed someone to compete |
| Let someone… (past) | menalışmağa qoymadımalışma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to compete | senalışmağa qoymadıŋalışma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to compete | olalışmağa qoymadıalışma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to compete | bizalışmağa qoymadıqalışma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to compete | sizalışmağa qoymadığızalışma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to compete | alaalışmağa qoymadılaalışma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to compete |
| Let someone… (past) | menalışmağa qoydummu?alışma qoydummu?did I allow someone to compete? | senalışmağa qoyduŋmu?alışma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to compete? | olalışmağa qoydumu?alışma qoydumu?did he allow someone to compete? | bizalışmağa qoyduqmu?alışma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to compete? | sizalışmağa qoyduğuzmu?alışma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to compete? | alaalışmağa qoydulamı?alışma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to compete? |
| Let someone… (past) | menalışmağa qoymadımmı?alışma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to compete? | senalışmağa qoymadıŋmı?alışma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to compete? | olalışmağa qoymadımı?alışma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to compete? | bizalışmağa qoymadıqmı?alışma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to compete? | sizalışmağa qoymadığızmı?alışma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to compete? | alaalışmağa qoymadılamı?alışma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to compete? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
alışalırğa be able to compete · alışalmazğa be unable to compete
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menalışalamaI can compete | senalışalasayou can compete | olalışaladıhe can compete | bizalışalabızwe can compete | sizalışalasızyou all can compete | alaalışaladılathey can compete |
| Ability — present | menalışalmaymaI can't compete | senalışalmaysayou can't compete | olalışalmaydıhe can't compete | bizalışalmaybızwe can't compete | sizalışalmaysızyou all can't compete | alaalışalmaydılathey can't compete |
| Ability — present | menalışalamamı? alışalamıma?can I compete? | senalışalamısa?can you compete? | olalışalamıdı?can he compete? | bizalışalabızmı? alışalamıbız?can we compete? | sizalışalamısız?can you all compete? | alaalışalamıdıla?can they compete? |
| Ability — present | menalışalmaymamı? alışalmaymıma?can't I compete? | senalışalmaymısa?can't you compete? | olalışalmaymıdı?can't he compete? | bizalışalmaybızmı? alışalmaymıbız?can't we compete? | sizalışalmaymısız?can't you all compete? | alaalışalmaymıdıla?can't they compete? |
| Ability — if I can… | menalışalsamif I can compete | senalışalsaŋif you can compete | olalışalsaif he can compete | bizalışalsaqif we can compete | sizalışalsağızif you all can compete | alaalışalsalaif they can compete |
| Ability — if I can… | menalışalmasamif I can't compete | senalışalmasaŋif you can't compete | olalışalmasaif he can't compete | bizalışalmasaqif we can't compete | sizalışalmasağızif you all can't compete | alaalışalmasalaif they can't compete |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menalışaldımI was able to compete | senalışaldıŋyou were able to compete | olalışaldıhe was able to compete | bizalışaldıqwe were able to compete | sizalışaldığızyou all were able to compete | alaalışaldılathey were able to compete |
| Ability — simple past | menalışalmadımI could not compete | senalışalmadıŋyou could not compete | olalışalmadıhe could not compete | bizalışalmadıqwe could not compete | sizalışalmadığızyou all could not compete | alaalışalmadılathey could not compete |
| Ability — simple past | menalışaldımmı?was I able to compete? | senalışaldıŋmı?were you able to compete? | olalışaldımı?was he able to compete? | bizalışaldıqmı?were we able to compete? | sizalışaldığızmı?were you all able to compete? | alaalışaldılamı?were they able to compete? |
| Ability — simple past | menalışalmadımmı?couldn't I compete? | senalışalmadıŋmı?couldn't you compete? | olalışalmadımı?couldn't he compete? | bizalışalmadıqmı?couldn't we compete? | sizalışalmadığızmı?couldn't you all compete? | alaalışalmadılamı?couldn't they compete? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menalışalğanmaI have been able to compete | senalışalğansayou have been able to compete | olalışalğandıhe has been able to compete | bizalışalğanbızwe have been able to compete | sizalışalğansızyou all have been able to compete | alaalışalğandılathey have been able to compete |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menalışalmağanmaI haven't been able to compete | senalışalmağansayou haven't been able to compete | olalışalmağandıhe hasn't been able to compete | bizalışalmağanbızwe haven't been able to compete | sizalışalmağansızyou all haven't been able to compete | alaalışalmağandılathey haven't been able to compete |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menalışalğanmamı? alışalğanmıma?have I been able to compete? | senalışalğanmısa?have you been able to compete? | olalışalğanmıdı?has he been able to compete? | bizalışalğanbızmı? alışalğanmıbız?have we been able to compete? | sizalışalğanmısız?have you all been able to compete? | alaalışalğanmıdıla?have they been able to compete? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menalışalmağanmamı? alışalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to compete? | senalışalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to compete? | olalışalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to compete? | bizalışalmağanbızmı? alışalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to compete? | sizalışalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to compete? | alaalışalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to compete? |
| Ability — past perfect | menalışalğan edimalışalğanemI had been able to compete | senalışalğan ediŋalışalğaneŋyou had been able to compete | olalışalğan edialışalğanedhe had been able to compete | bizalışalğan edikalışalğanekwe had been able to compete | sizalışalğan edigizalışalğanegizyou all had been able to compete | alaalışalğan edilealışalğanellethey had been able to compete |
| Ability — past perfect | menalışalmağan edimalışalmağanemI hadn't been able to compete | senalışalmağan ediŋalışalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to compete | olalışalmağan edialışalmağanedhe hadn't been able to compete | bizalışalmağan edikalışalmağanekwe hadn't been able to compete | sizalışalmağan edigizalışalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to compete | alaalışalmağan edilealışalmağanellethey hadn't been able to compete |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menalışala edimalışalaemI could compete | senalışala ediŋalışalaeŋyou could compete | olalışala edialışalaedhe could compete | bizalışala edikalışalaekwe could compete | sizalışala edigizalışalaegizyou all could compete | alaalışala edilealışalaellethey could compete |
| Ability — past background | menalışalmay edimalışalmayemI could not compete | senalışalmay ediŋalışalmayeŋyou could not compete | olalışalmay edialışalmayedhe could not compete | bizalışalmay edikalışalmayekwe could not compete | sizalışalmay edigizalışalmayegizyou all could not compete | alaalışalmay edilealışalmayellethey could not compete |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menalışalırmaI will be able to compete | senalışalırsayou will be able to compete | olalışalırhe will be able to compete | bizalışalırbızwe will be able to compete | sizalışalırsızyou all will be able to compete | alaalışalırlathey will be able to compete |
| Ability — future I | menalışalmazmaI won't be able to compete | senalışalmazsayou won't be able to compete | olalışalmazhe won't be able to compete | bizalışalmazbızwe won't be able to compete | sizalışalmazsızyou all won't be able to compete | alaalışalmazlathey won't be able to compete |
| Ability — future I | menalışalırmamı? alışalırmıma?will I be able to compete? | senalışalırmısa?will you be able to compete? | olalışalırmı?will he be able to compete? | bizalışalırbızmı? alışalırmıbız?will we be able to compete? | sizalışalırmısız?will you all be able to compete? | alaalışalırlamı? alışalırmıla?will they be able to compete? |
| Ability — future I | menalışalmazmamı? alışalmazmıma?won't I be able to compete? | senalışalmazmısa?won't you be able to compete? | olalışalmazmı?won't he be able to compete? | bizalışalmazbızmı? alışalmazmıbız?won't we be able to compete? | sizalışalmazmısız?won't you all be able to compete? | alaalışalmazlamı? alışalmazmıla?won't they be able to compete? |
| Ability — future II | menalışallıqmaI am going to be able to compete | senalışallıqsayou are going to be able to compete | olalışallıqdıhe is going to be able to compete | bizalışallıqbızwe are going to be able to compete | sizalışallıqsızyou all are going to be able to compete | alaalışallıqdılathey are going to be able to compete |
| Ability — future II | menalışallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to compete | senalışallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to compete | olalışallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to compete | bizalışallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to compete | sizalışallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to compete | alaalışallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to compete |
| Ability — future II | menalışallıqmamı? alışallıqmıma?am I going to be able to compete? | senalışallıqmısa?are you going to be able to compete? | olalışallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to compete? | bizalışallıqbızmı? alışallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to compete? | sizalışallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to compete? | alaalışallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to compete? |
| Ability — future II | menalışallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to compete? | senalışallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to compete? | olalışallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to compete? | bizalışallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to compete? | sizalışallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to compete? | alaalışallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to compete? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menalışalır edimalışalır emI would be able to compete | senalışalır ediŋalışalır eŋyou would be able to compete | olalışalır edialışalır edhe would be able to compete | bizalışalır edikalışalır ekwe would be able to compete | sizalışalır edigizalışalır egizyou all would be able to compete | alaalışalır edilealışalır ellethey would be able to compete |
| Ability — would be able to… | menalışalmaz edimalışalmaz emI wouldn't be able to compete | senalışalmaz ediŋalışalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to compete | olalışalmaz edialışalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to compete | bizalışalmaz edikalışalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to compete | sizalışalmaz edigizalışalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to compete | alaalışalmaz edilealışalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to compete |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senalışalğınalışalğımay you be able to compete | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senalışalmağınalışalmağımay you not be able to compete | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menalışırğa izleymeI want to compete | senalışırğa izleyseyou want to compete | olalışırğa izleydihe wants to compete | bizalışırğa izleybizwe want to compete | sizalışırğa izleysizyou all want to compete | alaalışırğa izleydilethey want to compete |
| want to | menalışırğa izlemeymeI do not want to compete | senalışırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to compete | olalışırğa izlemeydihe does not want to compete | bizalışırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to compete | sizalışırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to compete | alaalışırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to compete |
| would like to | menalışırğa süemeI would like to compete | senalışırğa süeseyou would like to compete | olalışırğa süedihe would like to compete | bizalışırğa süebizwe would like to compete | sizalışırğa süesizyou all would like to compete | alaalışırğa süedilethey would like to compete |
| would like to | menalışırğa süymeymeI would not like to compete | senalışırğa süymeyseyou would not like to compete | olalışırğa süymeydihe would not like to compete | bizalışırğa süymeybizwe would not like to compete | sizalışırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to compete | alaalışırğa süymeydilethey would not like to compete |
| hope to | menalışırğa umutlanamaI hope to compete | senalışırğa umutlanasayou hope to compete | olalışırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to compete | bizalışırğa umutlanabızwe hope to compete | sizalışırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to compete | alaalışırğa umutlanadılathey hope to compete |
| hope to | menalışırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to compete | senalışırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to compete | olalışırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to compete | bizalışırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to compete | sizalışırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to compete | alaalışırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to compete |
| be about to | menalışırğa deb turamaI am about to compete | senalışırğa deb turasayou are about to compete | olalışırğa deb turadıhe is about to compete | bizalışırğa deb turabızwe are about to compete | sizalışırğa deb turasızyou all are about to compete | alaalışırğa deb turadılathey are about to compete |
| be about to | menalışırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to compete | senalışırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to compete | olalışırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to compete | bizalışırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to compete | sizalışırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to compete | alaalışırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to compete |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menalışırğa kerekmeI need to compete | senalışırğa kerekseyou need to compete | olalışırğa kerekdihe needs to compete | bizalışırğa kerekbizwe need to compete | sizalışırğa kereksizyou all need to compete | alaalışırğa kerekdilethey need to compete |
| need to | menalışırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to compete | senalışırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to compete | olalışırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to compete | bizalışırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to compete | sizalışırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to compete | alaalışırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to compete |
| have to | menmenŋe alışırğa tüşediI have to compete | sensenŋe alışırğa tüşediyou have to compete | olaŋa alışırğa tüşedihe has to compete | bizbizge alışırğa tüşediwe have to compete | sizsizge alışırğa tüşediyou all have to compete | alaalağa alışırğa tüşedithey have to compete |
| have to | menmenŋe alışırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to compete | sensenŋe alışırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to compete | olaŋa alışırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to compete | bizbizge alışırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to compete | sizsizge alışırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to compete | alaalağa alışırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to compete |
| be obliged to | menalışırğa borçlumaI am obliged to compete | senalışırğa borçlusayou are obliged to compete | olalışırğa borçluduhe is obliged to compete | bizalışırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to compete | sizalışırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to compete | alaalışırğa borçludulathey are obliged to compete |
| be obliged to | menalışırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to compete | senalışırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to compete | olalışırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to compete | bizalışırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to compete | sizalışırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to compete | alaalışırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to compete |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menalışırğa madarım bardıI have a way to compete | senalışırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to compete | olalışırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to compete | bizalışırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to compete | sizalışırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to compete | alaalışırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to compete |
| have a way to | menalışırğa madarım joqduI have no way to compete | senalışırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to compete | olalışırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to compete | bizalışırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to compete | sizalışırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to compete | alaalışırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to compete |
| be free to | menalışırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to compete | senalışırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to compete | olalışırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to compete | bizalışırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to compete | sizalışırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to compete | alaalışırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to compete |
| be free to | menalışırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to compete | senalışırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to compete | olalışırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to compete | bizalışırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to compete | sizalışırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to compete | alaalışırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to compete |
| be possible to | menmenŋe alışırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to compete | sensenŋe alışırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to compete | olaŋa alışırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to compete | bizbizge alışırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to compete | sizsizge alışırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to compete | alaalağa alışırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to compete |
| be possible to | menmenŋe alışırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to compete | sensenŋe alışırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to compete | olaŋa alışırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to compete | bizbizge alışırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to compete | sizsizge alışırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to compete | alaalağa alışırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to compete |
| be ready to | menalışırğa hazırmaI am ready to compete | senalışırğa hazırsayou are ready to compete | olalışırğa hazırdıhe is ready to compete | bizalışırğa hazırbızwe are ready to compete | sizalışırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to compete | alaalışırğa hazırdılathey are ready to compete |
| be ready to | menalışırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to compete | senalışırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to compete | olalışırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to compete | bizalışırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to compete | sizalışırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to compete | alaalışırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to compete |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menalışırğa küreşemeI am trying to compete | senalışırğa küreşeseyou are trying to compete | olalışırğa küreşedihe is trying to compete | bizalışırğa küreşebizwe are trying to compete | sizalışırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to compete | alaalışırğa küreşedilethey are trying to compete |
| try to | menalışırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to compete | senalışırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to compete | olalışırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to compete | bizalışırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to compete | sizalışırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to compete | alaalışırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to compete |
| agree to | menalışırğa unaymaI agree to compete | senalışırğa unaysayou agree to compete | olalışırğa unaydıhe agrees to compete | bizalışırğa unaybızwe agree to compete | sizalışırğa unaysızyou all agree to compete | alaalışırğa unaydılathey agree to compete |
| agree to | menalışırğa unamaymaI refuse to compete | senalışırğa unamaysayou refuse to compete | olalışırğa unamaydıhe refuses to compete | bizalışırğa unamaybızwe refuse to compete | sizalışırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to compete | alaalışırğa unamaydılathey refuse to compete |
| hurry to | menalışırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to compete | senalışırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to compete | olalışırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to compete | bizalışırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to compete | sizalışırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to compete | alaalışırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to compete |
| hurry to | menalışırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to compete | senalışırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to compete | olalışırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to compete | bizalışırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to compete | sizalışırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to compete | alaalışırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to compete |
| be afraid to | menalışırğa qorqamaI am afraid to compete | senalışırğa qorqasayou are afraid to compete | olalışırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to compete | bizalışırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to compete | sizalışırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to compete | alaalışırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to compete |
| be afraid to | menalışırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to compete | senalışırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to compete | olalışırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to compete | bizalışırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to compete | sizalışırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to compete | alaalışırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to compete |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menalışa bolmazmaI can't be competing | senalışa bolmazsayou can't be competing | olalışa bolmazhe can't be competing | bizalışa bolmazbızwe can't be competing | sizalışa bolmazsızyou all can't be competing | alaalışa bolmazlathey can't be competing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menalışmay bolmazmaI must be competing (emphatic) | senalışmay bolmazsayou must be competing (emphatic) | olalışmay bolmazhe must be competing (emphatic) | bizalışmay bolmazbızwe must be competing (emphatic) | sizalışmay bolmazsızyou all must be competing (emphatic) | alaalışmay bolmazlathey must be competing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menalışa turmasamif I don't keep competing | senalışa turmasaŋif you don't keep competing | olalışa turmasaif he doesn't keep competing | bizalışa turmasaqif we don't keep competing | sizalışa turmasağızif you all don't keep competing | alaalışa turmasalaif they don't keep competing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menalışa tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of competing | senalışa tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of competing | olalışa tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of competing | bizalışa tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of competing | sizalışa tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of competing | alaalışa tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of competing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menalışmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not competing (emphatic) | senalışmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not competing (emphatic) | olalışmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not competing (emphatic) | bizalışmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not competing (emphatic) | sizalışmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not competing (emphatic) | alaalışmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not competing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menalışmay turamaI keep on not competing | senalışmay turasayou keep on not competing | olalışmay turadıhe keeps on not competing | bizalışmay turabızwe keep on not competing | sizalışmay turasızyou all keep on not competing | alaalışmay turadılathey keep on not competing |
| Progressive — double negation | menalışmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not competing | senalışmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not competing | olalışmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not competing | bizalışmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not competing | sizalışmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not competing | alaalışmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not competing |
| Progressive — double negation | menalışmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not competing? | senalışmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not competing? | olalışmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not competing? | bizalışmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not competing? | sizalışmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not competing? | alaalışmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not competing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menalışhan bolmazmaI can't have competed | senalışhan bolmazsayou can't have competed | olalışhan bolmazhe can't have competed | bizalışhan bolmazbızwe can't have competed | sizalışhan bolmazsızyou all can't have competed | alaalışhan bolmazlathey can't have competed |
| Inference — double negation | menalışmağan bolmazmaI must have competed (emphatic) | senalışmağan bolmazsayou must have competed (emphatic) | olalışmağan bolmazhe must have competed (emphatic) | bizalışmağan bolmazbızwe must have competed (emphatic) | sizalışmağan bolmazsızyou all must have competed (emphatic) | alaalışmağan bolmazlathey must have competed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menalışhan bolmasamif it weren't that I had competed | senalışhan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had competed | olalışhan bolmasaif it weren't that he had competed | bizalışhan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had competed | sizalışhan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had competed | alaalışhan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had competed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menalışmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't competed | senalışmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't competed | olalışmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't competed | bizalışmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't competed | sizalışmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't competed | alaalışmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't competed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menalışırıq bolmazmaI can't be going to compete | senalışırıq bolmazsayou can't be going to compete | olalışırıq bolmazhe can't be going to compete | bizalışırıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to compete | sizalışırıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to compete | alaalışırıq bolmazlathey can't be going to compete |
| Inference, future — double negation | menalışmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to compete (emphatic) | senalışmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to compete (emphatic) | olalışmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to compete (emphatic) | bizalışmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to compete (emphatic) | sizalışmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to compete (emphatic) | alaalışmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to compete (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menalışırıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to compete | senalışırıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to compete | olalışırıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to compete | bizalışırıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to compete | sizalışırıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to compete | alaalışırıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to compete |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menalışmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to compete | senalışmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to compete | olalışmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to compete | bizalışmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to compete | sizalışmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to compete | alaalışmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to compete |