aç
/atʃ/
1. hungry, not full — Also used on its own for a hungry person: aç açnı aŋılaydı 'a hungry person understands a hungry person'. With qarınŋa it means on an empty stomach.
- aç adam — a hungry person
- açmısa? — are you hungry?
- aç bolğanma — I've gotten hungry
- aç köb aşaydı — a hungry person eats a lot
- açnı aşatdıq — we fed the hungry person
- alağa üç aç börü çabhandıla — three hungry wolves attacked them
- aç açnı aŋılaydı — a hungry person understands a hungry person
2. hunger, famine
- açdan qırılırğa — to perish from hunger
- açdan injilirge — to suffer from hunger
- ala açdan öle turadıla — they are dying of hunger
- qarnım açdan içine qurub turadı — my stomach is drawn in from hunger
- halqğa aç kirgen zaman — the time when famine came upon the people
- aç uyat qoymaz — hunger leaves no room for shame
3. starving, short of food, suffering from want of food
- aç edik, jalanŋaç edi üyübüz — we were starving, our home was bare
- aç da, jalanŋaç da bolğandıla — they were both starving and naked
4. while hungry, on an empty stomach one source
- aç jatdım — I went to bed hungry
- aç kelgenni toydur — feed the one who comes hungry
- «Allah!» degen aç qalmaz — the one who says "God!" won't stay hungry
Expressions
- aç kirirge — famine sets in
- aç açıwu burununa çabarğa — cross with hunger
- aç qaraŋı — on an empty stomach
As an adjective
Degrees and persons
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | açmaI am hungry | açsayou are hungry | açdıhe is hungry | açbızwe are hungry | açsızyou all are hungry | açdılathey are hungry |
| comparative — more | açıraqmaI am hungrier | açıraqsayou are hungrier | açıraqdıhe is hungrier | açıraqbızwe are hungrier | açıraqsızyou all are hungrier | açıraqdılathey are hungrier |
| intensifier — very | bek açmaI am very hungry | bek açsayou are very hungry | bek açdıhe is very hungry | bek açbızwe are very hungry | bek açsızyou all are very hungry | bek açdılathey are very hungry |
| superlative — most | em açmaI am the hungriest | em açsayou are the hungriest | em açdıhe is the hungriest | em açbızwe are the hungriest | em açsızyou all are the hungriest | em açdılathey are the hungriest |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden açdı — "compared to me, he is hungry."
As a noun
Cases and owners
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | açthe hunger | açımmy hunger | açıŋyour hunger | açıhis hunger | açıbızour hunger | açığızyou all's hunger | açlarıtheir hungers |
| Genitive | açnıthe hunger's | açımımy hunger's | açıŋıyour hunger's | açınıhis hunger's | açıbıznıour hunger's | açığıznıyou all's hunger's | açlarınıtheir hungers' |
| Accusative | açnıthe hunger (as the object) | açımımy hunger (as the object) | açıŋıyour hunger (as the object) | açınhis hunger (as the object) | açıbıznıour hunger (as the object) | açığıznıyou all's hunger (as the object) | açlarıntheir hungers (as the object) |
| Dative | açhato the hunger | açımato my hunger | açıŋato your hunger | açınato his hunger | açıbızğato our hunger | açığızğato you all's hunger | açlarınato their hungers |
| Locative | açdain / at the hunger | açımdain / at my hunger | açıŋdain / at your hunger | açındain / at his hunger | açıbızdain / at our hunger | açığızdain / at you all's hunger | açlarındain / at their hungers |
| Ablative | açdanfrom the hunger | açımdanfrom my hunger | açıŋdanfrom your hunger | açındanfrom his hunger | açıbızdanfrom our hunger | açığızdanfrom you all's hunger | açlarındanfrom their hungers |
There is no plural of this word. The ending would attach like any other — it is the word, not the grammar, that refuses: this is not something Karachay counts.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.