çalpırğa
/tʃalpɯrʁa/
splash, slosh, slop over
- suw çalpığan — the splashing of water
- kölnü suwu çalpıydı — the lake's water splashes
- çayım çalpıdı — my tea slopped over
- suw çalpıb üsümü jibitdi — the water splashed and soaked my clothes
Conjugation
Common forms
- çalpıydıhe is splashing
- çalpıdıhe splashed
- çalpığandıhe has splashed
- çalpırhe will splash
- çalpırıqdıhe is going to splash
- çalpıy edihe was splashing
- çalpısaif he splashes
- çalpı!splash!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençalpıymaI am splashing | sençalpıysayou are splashing | olçalpıydıhe is splashing | bizçalpıybızwe are splashing | sizçalpıysızyou all are splashing | alaçalpıydılathey are splashing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençalpımaymaI am not splashing | sençalpımaysayou are not splashing | olçalpımaydıhe is not splashing | bizçalpımaybızwe are not splashing | sizçalpımaysızyou all are not splashing | alaçalpımaydılathey are not splashing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençalpıymamı? çalpıymıma?am I splashing? | sençalpıymısa?are you splashing? | olçalpıymıdı?is he splashing? | bizçalpıybızmı? çalpıymıbız?are we splashing? | sizçalpıymısız?are you all splashing? | alaçalpıymıdıla?are they splashing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençalpımaymamı? çalpımaymıma?aren't I splashing? | sençalpımaymısa?aren't you splashing? | olçalpımaymıdı?isn't he splashing? | bizçalpımaybızmı? çalpımaymıbız?aren't we splashing? | sizçalpımaymısız?aren't you all splashing? | alaçalpımaymıdıla?aren't they splashing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençalpıwçanmaI usually splash | sençalpıwçansayou usually splash | olçalpıwçandıhe usually splashes | bizçalpıwçanbızwe usually splash | sizçalpıwçansızyou all usually splash | alaçalpıwçandılathey usually splash |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençalpımawçanmaI usually don't splash | sençalpımawçansayou usually don't splash | olçalpımawçandıhe usually doesn't splash | bizçalpımawçanbızwe usually don't splash | sizçalpımawçansızyou all usually don't splash | alaçalpımawçandılathey usually don't splash |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençalpıwçanmamı? çalpıwçanmıma?do I usually splash? | sençalpıwçanmısa?do you usually splash? | olçalpıwçanmıdı?does he usually splash? | bizçalpıwçanbızmı? çalpıwçanmıbız?do we usually splash? | sizçalpıwçanmısız?do you all usually splash? | alaçalpıwçanmıdıla?do they usually splash? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençalpımawçanmamı? çalpımawçanmıma?do I usually not splash? | sençalpımawçanmısa?do you usually not splash? | olçalpımawçanmıdı?does he usually not splash? | bizçalpımawçanbızmı? çalpımawçanmıbız?do we usually not splash? | sizçalpımawçanmısız?do you all usually not splash? | alaçalpımawçanmıdıla?do they usually not splash? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olçalpıbdıhe has splashed and remains so | alaçalpıbdılathey have splashed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olçalpıbmıdı?has he splashed? | alaçalpıbmıdıla?have they splashed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençalpıb turamaI keep splashing | sençalpıb turasayou keep splashing | olçalpıb turadıhe keeps splashing | bizçalpıb turabızwe keep splashing | sizçalpıb turasızyou all keep splashing | alaçalpıb turadılathey keep splashing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençalpıb turmaymaI don't keep splashing | sençalpıb turmaysayou don't keep splashing | olçalpıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep splashing | bizçalpıb turmaybızwe don't keep splashing | sizçalpıb turmaysızyou all don't keep splashing | alaçalpıb turmaydılathey don't keep splashing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençalpıb turamamı? çalpıb turamıma?do I keep splashing? | sençalpıb turamısa?do you keep splashing? | olçalpıb turamıdı?does he keep splashing? | bizçalpıb turabızmı? çalpıb turamıbız?do we keep splashing? | sizçalpıb turamısız?do you all keep splashing? | alaçalpıb turamıdıla?do they keep splashing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençalpıb turmaymamı? çalpıb turmaymıma?don't I keep splashing? | sençalpıb turmaymısa?don't you keep splashing? | olçalpıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep splashing? | bizçalpıb turmaybızmı? çalpıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep splashing? | sizçalpıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep splashing? | alaçalpıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep splashing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençalpıy turamaI am in the middle of splashing | sençalpıy turasayou are in the middle of splashing | olçalpıy turadıhe is in the middle of splashing | bizçalpıy turabızwe are in the middle of splashing | sizçalpıy turasızyou all are in the middle of splashing | alaçalpıy turadılathey are in the middle of splashing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençalpıy turmaymaI am not in the middle of splashing | sençalpıy turmaysayou are not in the middle of splashing | olçalpıy turmaydıhe is not in the middle of splashing | bizçalpıy turmaybızwe are not in the middle of splashing | sizçalpıy turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of splashing | alaçalpıy turmaydılathey are not in the middle of splashing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençalpıy turamamı? çalpıy turamıma?am I in the middle of splashing? | sençalpıy turamısa?are you in the middle of splashing? | olçalpıy turamıdı?is he in the middle of splashing? | bizçalpıy turabızmı? çalpıy turamıbız?are we in the middle of splashing? | sizçalpıy turamısız?are you all in the middle of splashing? | alaçalpıy turamıdıla?are they in the middle of splashing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençalpıy turmaymamı? çalpıy turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of splashing? | sençalpıy turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of splashing? | olçalpıy turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of splashing? | bizçalpıy turmaybızmı? çalpıy turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of splashing? | sizçalpıy turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of splashing? | alaçalpıy turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of splashing? |
| Simple past (definite) | mençalpıdımI splashed | sençalpıdıŋyou splashed | olçalpıdıhe splashed | bizçalpıdıqwe splashed | sizçalpıdığızyou all splashed | alaçalpıdılathey splashed |
| Simple past (definite) | mençalpımadımI didn't splash | sençalpımadıŋyou didn't splash | olçalpımadıhe didn't splash | bizçalpımadıqwe didn't splash | sizçalpımadığızyou all didn't splash | alaçalpımadılathey didn't splash |
| Simple past (definite) | mençalpıdımmı?did I splash? | sençalpıdıŋmı?did you splash? | olçalpıdımı?did he splash? | bizçalpıdıqmı?did we splash? | sizçalpıdığızmı?did you all splash? | alaçalpıdılamı?did they splash? |
| Simple past (definite) | mençalpımadımmı?didn't I splash? | sençalpımadıŋmı?didn't you splash? | olçalpımadımı?didn't he splash? | bizçalpımadıqmı?didn't we splash? | sizçalpımadığızmı?didn't you all splash? | alaçalpımadılamı?didn't they splash? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençalpığanmaI have splashed | sençalpığansayou have splashed | olçalpığandıhe has splashed | bizçalpığanbızwe have splashed | sizçalpığansızyou all have splashed | alaçalpığandılathey have splashed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençalpımağanmaI haven't splashed | sençalpımağansayou haven't splashed | olçalpımağandıhe hasn't splashed | bizçalpımağanbızwe haven't splashed | sizçalpımağansızyou all haven't splashed | alaçalpımağandılathey haven't splashed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençalpığanmamı? çalpığanmıma?have I splashed? | sençalpığanmısa?have you splashed? | olçalpığanmıdı?has he splashed? | bizçalpığanbızmı? çalpığanmıbız?have we splashed? | sizçalpığanmısız?have you all splashed? | alaçalpığanmıdıla?have they splashed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençalpımağanmamı? çalpımağanmıma?haven't I splashed? | sençalpımağanmısa?haven't you splashed? | olçalpımağanmıdı?hasn't he splashed? | bizçalpımağanbızmı? çalpımağanmıbız?haven't we splashed? | sizçalpımağanmısız?haven't you all splashed? | alaçalpımağanmıdıla?haven't they splashed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mençalpıb turdumI kept splashing | sençalpıb turduŋyou kept splashing | olçalpıb turduhe kept splashing | bizçalpıb turduqwe kept splashing | sizçalpıb turduğuzyou all kept splashing | alaçalpıb turdulathey kept splashing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mençalpıb turmadımI didn't keep splashing | sençalpıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep splashing | olçalpıb turmadıhe didn't keep splashing | bizçalpıb turmadıqwe didn't keep splashing | sizçalpıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep splashing | alaçalpıb turmadılathey didn't keep splashing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençalpırmaI will splash | sençalpırsayou will splash | olçalpırhe will splash | bizçalpırbızwe will splash | sizçalpırsızyou all will splash | alaçalpırlathey will splash |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençalpımazmaI won't splash | sençalpımazsayou won't splash | olçalpımazhe won't splash | bizçalpımazbızwe won't splash | sizçalpımazsızyou all won't splash | alaçalpımazlathey won't splash |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençalpırmamı? çalpırmıma?will I splash? | sençalpırmısa?will you splash? | olçalpırmı?will he splash? | bizçalpırbızmı? çalpırmıbız?will we splash? | sizçalpırmısız?will you all splash? | alaçalpırlamı? çalpırmıla?will they splash? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençalpımazmamı? çalpımazmıma?won't I splash? | sençalpımazmısa?won't you splash? | olçalpımazmı?won't he splash? | bizçalpımazbızmı? çalpımazmıbız?won't we splash? | sizçalpımazmısız?won't you all splash? | alaçalpımazlamı? çalpımazmıla?won't they splash? |
| Definite future (future II) | mençalpırıqmaI am going to splash | sençalpırıqsayou are going to splash | olçalpırıqdıhe is going to splash | bizçalpırıqbızwe are going to splash | sizçalpırıqsızyou all are going to splash | alaçalpırıqdılathey are going to splash |
| Definite future (future II) | mençalpırıq tülmeI am not going to splash | sençalpırıq tülseyou are not going to splash | olçalpırıq tüldühe is not going to splash | bizçalpırıq tülbüzwe are not going to splash | sizçalpırıq tülsüzyou all are not going to splash | alaçalpırıq tüldülethey are not going to splash |
| Definite future (future II) | mençalpırıqmamı? çalpırıqmıma?am I going to splash? | sençalpırıqmısa?are you going to splash? | olçalpırıqmıdı?is he going to splash? | bizçalpırıqbızmı? çalpırıqmıbız?are we going to splash? | sizçalpırıqmısız?are you all going to splash? | alaçalpırıqmıdıla?are they going to splash? |
| Definite future (future II) | mençalpırıq tülmüme?aren't I going to splash? | sençalpırıq tülmüse?aren't you going to splash? | olçalpırıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to splash? | bizçalpırıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to splash? | sizçalpırıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to splash? | alaçalpırıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to splash? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mençalpığan edimçalpığanemI had splashed | sençalpığan ediŋçalpığaneŋyou had splashed | olçalpığan ediçalpığanedhe had splashed | bizçalpığan edikçalpığanekwe had splashed | sizçalpığan edigizçalpığanegizyou all had splashed | alaçalpığan edileçalpığanellethey had splashed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mençalpımağan edimçalpımağanemI hadn't splashed | sençalpımağan ediŋçalpımağaneŋyou hadn't splashed | olçalpımağan ediçalpımağanedhe hadn't splashed | bizçalpımağan edikçalpımağanekwe hadn't splashed | sizçalpımağan edigizçalpımağanegizyou all hadn't splashed | alaçalpımağan edileçalpımağanellethey hadn't splashed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mençalpıy edimçalpıyemI was splashing | sençalpıy ediŋçalpıyeŋyou were splashing | olçalpıy ediçalpıyedhe was splashing | bizçalpıy edikçalpıyekwe were splashing | sizçalpıy edigizçalpıyegizyou all were splashing | alaçalpıy edileçalpıyellethey were splashing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mençalpımay edimçalpımayemI wasn't splashing | sençalpımay ediŋçalpımayeŋyou weren't splashing | olçalpımay ediçalpımayedhe wasn't splashing | bizçalpımay edikçalpımayekwe weren't splashing | sizçalpımay edigizçalpımayegizyou all weren't splashing | alaçalpımay edileçalpımayellethey weren't splashing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mençalpıwçan edimçalpıwçanemI used to splash | sençalpıwçan ediŋçalpıwçaneŋyou used to splash | olçalpıwçan ediçalpıwçanedhe used to splash | bizçalpıwçan edikçalpıwçanekwe used to splash | sizçalpıwçan edigizçalpıwçanegizyou all used to splash | alaçalpıwçan edileçalpıwçanellethey used to splash |
| Habitual past (used to) | mençalpımawçan edimçalpımawçanemI didn't use to splash | sençalpımawçan ediŋçalpımawçaneŋyou didn't use to splash | olçalpımawçan ediçalpımawçanedhe didn't use to splash | bizçalpımawçan edikçalpımawçanekwe didn't use to splash | sizçalpımawçan edigizçalpımawçanegizyou all didn't use to splash | alaçalpımawçan edileçalpımawçanellethey didn't use to splash |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olçalpıb edihe had splashed and remained so | alaçalpıb edilethey had splashed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olçalpıb tül edihe hadn't splashed | alaçalpıb tül edilethey hadn't splashed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mençalpıb tura edimçalpıb turaemI had kept splashing | sençalpıb tura ediŋçalpıb turaeŋyou had kept splashing | olçalpıb tura ediçalpıb turaedhe had kept splashing | bizçalpıb tura edikçalpıb turaekwe had kept splashing | sizçalpıb tura edigizçalpıb turaegizyou all had kept splashing | alaçalpıb tura edileçalpıb turaellethey had kept splashing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mençalpıb turmay edimçalpıb turmayemI hadn't kept splashing | sençalpıb turmay ediŋçalpıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept splashing | olçalpıb turmay ediçalpıb turmayedhe hadn't kept splashing | bizçalpıb turmay edikçalpıb turmayekwe hadn't kept splashing | sizçalpıb turmay edigizçalpıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept splashing | alaçalpıb turmay edileçalpıb turmayellethey hadn't kept splashing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mençalpıy tura edimçalpıy turaemI was in the middle of splashing | sençalpıy tura ediŋçalpıy turaeŋyou were in the middle of splashing | olçalpıy tura ediçalpıy turaedhe was in the middle of splashing | bizçalpıy tura edikçalpıy turaekwe were in the middle of splashing | sizçalpıy tura edigizçalpıy turaegizyou all were in the middle of splashing | alaçalpıy tura edileçalpıy turaellethey were in the middle of splashing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mençalpıy turmay edimçalpıy turmayemI wasn't in the middle of splashing | sençalpıy turmay ediŋçalpıy turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of splashing | olçalpıy turmay ediçalpıy turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of splashing | bizçalpıy turmay edikçalpıy turmayekwe weren't in the middle of splashing | sizçalpıy turmay edigizçalpıy turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of splashing | alaçalpıy turmay edileçalpıy turmayellethey weren't in the middle of splashing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mençalpır edimçalpır emI would splash | sençalpır ediŋçalpır eŋyou would splash | olçalpır ediçalpır edhe would splash | bizçalpır edikçalpır ekwe would splash | sizçalpır edigizçalpır egizyou all would splash | alaçalpır edileçalpır ellethey would splash |
| Conditional result (would) | mençalpımaz edimçalpımaz emI wouldn't splash | sençalpımaz ediŋçalpımaz eŋyou wouldn't splash | olçalpımaz ediçalpımaz edhe wouldn't splash | bizçalpımaz edikçalpımaz ekwe wouldn't splash | sizçalpımaz edigizçalpımaz egizyou all wouldn't splash | alaçalpımaz edileçalpımaz ellethey wouldn't splash |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mençalpırıq edimçalpırıq emI would have splashed | sençalpırıq ediŋçalpırıq eŋyou would have splashed | olçalpırıq ediçalpırıq edhe would have splashed | bizçalpırıq edikçalpırıq ekwe would have splashed | sizçalpırıq edigizçalpırıq egizyou all would have splashed | alaçalpırıq edileçalpırıq ellethey would have splashed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mençalpırıq tül edimçalpırıq tül emI wouldn't have splashed | sençalpırıq tül ediŋçalpırıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have splashed | olçalpırıq tül ediçalpırıq tül edhe wouldn't have splashed | bizçalpırıq tül edikçalpırıq tül ekwe wouldn't have splashed | sizçalpırıq tül edigizçalpırıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have splashed | alaçalpırıq tül edileçalpırıq tül ellethey wouldn't have splashed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mençalpısamif I splash | sençalpısaŋif you splash | olçalpısaif he splashes | bizçalpısaqif we splash | sizçalpısağızif you all splash | alaçalpısalaif they splash |
| Conditional | mençalpımasamif I don't splash | sençalpımasaŋif you don't splash | olçalpımasaif he doesn't splash | bizçalpımasaqif we don't splash | sizçalpımasağızif you all don't splash | alaçalpımasalaif they don't splash |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mençalpıy esemif I am splashing | sençalpıy eseŋif you are splashing | olçalpıy eseif he is splashing | bizçalpıy esekif we are splashing | sizçalpıy esegizif you all are splashing | alaçalpıy eseleif they are splashing |
| Conditional, present real | mençalpımay esemif I am not splashing | sençalpımay eseŋif you are not splashing | olçalpımay eseif he is not splashing | bizçalpımay esekif we are not splashing | sizçalpımay esegizif you all are not splashing | alaçalpımay eseleif they are not splashing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mençalpısam ediçalpısam edif only I splashed | sençalpısaŋ ediçalpısaŋ edif only you splashed | olçalpısa ediçalpısaedif only he splashed | bizçalpısaq ediçalpısaq edif only we splashed | sizçalpısağız ediçalpısağız edif only you all splashed | alaçalpısala ediçalpısalaedif only they splashed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mençalpımasam ediçalpımasam edif only I didn't splash | sençalpımasaŋ ediçalpımasaŋ edif only you didn't splash | olçalpımasa ediçalpımasaedif only he didn't splash | bizçalpımasaq ediçalpımasaq edif only we didn't splash | sizçalpımasağız ediçalpımasağız edif only you all didn't splash | alaçalpımasala ediçalpımasalaedif only they didn't splash |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mençalpıb tursamif I carry on splashing | sençalpıb tursaŋif you carry on splashing | olçalpıb tursaif he carries on splashing | bizçalpıb tursaqif we carry on splashing | sizçalpıb tursağızif you all carry on splashing | alaçalpıb tursalaif they carry on splashing |
| Durative conditional | mençalpıb turmasamif I don't carry on splashing | sençalpıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on splashing | olçalpıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on splashing | bizçalpıb turmasaqif we don't carry on splashing | sizçalpıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on splashing | alaçalpıb turmasalaif they don't carry on splashing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mençalpıb tura esemif I have kept splashing | sençalpıb tura eseŋif you have kept splashing | olçalpıb tura eseif he has kept splashing | bizçalpıb tura esekif we have kept splashing | sizçalpıb tura esegizif you all have kept splashing | alaçalpıb tura eseleif they have kept splashing |
| Durative conditional, present real | mençalpıb turmay esemif I haven't kept splashing | sençalpıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept splashing | olçalpıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept splashing | bizçalpıb turmay esekif we haven't kept splashing | sizçalpıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept splashing | alaçalpıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept splashing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mençalpıy tursamif I keep splashing | sençalpıy tursaŋif you keep splashing | olçalpıy tursaif he keeps splashing | bizçalpıy tursaqif we keep splashing | sizçalpıy tursağızif you all keep splashing | alaçalpıy tursalaif they keep splashing |
| Progressive conditional | mençalpımay tursamif I keep on not splashing | sençalpımay tursaŋif you keep on not splashing | olçalpımay tursaif he keeps on not splashing | bizçalpımay tursaqif we keep on not splashing | sizçalpımay tursağızif you all keep on not splashing | alaçalpımay tursalaif they keep on not splashing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mençalpıy tura esemif I am in the middle of splashing | sençalpıy tura eseŋif you are in the middle of splashing | olçalpıy tura eseif he is in the middle of splashing | bizçalpıy tura esekif we are in the middle of splashing | sizçalpıy tura esegizif you all are in the middle of splashing | alaçalpıy tura eseleif they are in the middle of splashing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mençalpımay tura esemif I keep on not splashing | sençalpımay tura eseŋif you keep on not splashing | olçalpımay tura eseif he keeps on not splashing | bizçalpımay tura esekif we keep on not splashing | sizçalpımay tura esegizif you all keep on not splashing | alaçalpımay tura eseleif they keep on not splashing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mençalpıdım esemif I splashed | sençalpıdıŋ eseŋif you splashed | olçalpıdı eseif he splashed | bizçalpıdıq esekif we splashed | sizçalpıdığız esegizif you all splashed | alaçalpıdıla eseleif they splashed |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mençalpımadım esemif I didn't splash | sençalpımadıŋ eseŋif you didn't splash | olçalpımadı eseif he didn't splash | bizçalpımadıq esekif we didn't splash | sizçalpımadığız esegizif you all didn't splash | alaçalpımadıla eseleif they didn't splash |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mençalpığan esemif I did splash (indeed) | sençalpığan eseŋif you did splash (indeed) | olçalpığan eseif he did splash (indeed) | bizçalpığan esekif we did splash (indeed) | sizçalpığan esegizif you all did splash (indeed) | alaçalpığan eseleif they did splash (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mençalpımağan esemif I didn't splash (indeed) | sençalpımağan eseŋif you didn't splash (indeed) | olçalpımağan eseif he didn't splash (indeed) | bizçalpımağan esekif we didn't splash (indeed) | sizçalpımağan esegizif you all didn't splash (indeed) | alaçalpımağan eseleif they didn't splash (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mençalpığan bolsamif I had splashed | sençalpığan bolsaŋif you had splashed | olçalpığan bolsaif he had splashed | bizçalpığan bolsaqif we had splashed | sizçalpığan bolsağızif you all had splashed | alaçalpığan bolsalaif they had splashed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mençalpımağan bolsamif I hadn't splashed | sençalpımağan bolsaŋif you hadn't splashed | olçalpımağan bolsaif he hadn't splashed | bizçalpımağan bolsaqif we hadn't splashed | sizçalpımağan bolsağızif you all hadn't splashed | alaçalpımağan bolsalaif they hadn't splashed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mençalpığan bolsam ediçalpığan bolsam edif only I had splashed | sençalpığan bolsaŋ ediçalpığan bolsaŋ edif only you had splashed | olçalpığan bolsa ediçalpığan bolsaedif only he had splashed | bizçalpığan bolsaq ediçalpığan bolsaq edif only we had splashed | sizçalpığan bolsağız ediçalpığan bolsağız edif only you all had splashed | alaçalpığan bolsala ediçalpığan bolsalaedif only they had splashed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mençalpımağan bolsam ediçalpımağan bolsam edif only I hadn't splashed | sençalpımağan bolsaŋ ediçalpımağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't splashed | olçalpımağan bolsa ediçalpımağan bolsaedif only he hadn't splashed | bizçalpımağan bolsaq ediçalpımağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't splashed | sizçalpımağan bolsağız ediçalpımağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't splashed | alaçalpımağan bolsala ediçalpımağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't splashed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mençalpır esemif I will splash | sençalpır eseŋif you will splash | olçalpır eseif he will splash | bizçalpır esekif we will splash | sizçalpır esegizif you all will splash | alaçalpır eseleif they will splash |
| Conditional, aorist | mençalpımaz esemif I won't splash | sençalpımaz eseŋif you won't splash | olçalpımaz eseif he won't splash | bizçalpımaz esekif we won't splash | sizçalpımaz esegizif you all won't splash | alaçalpımaz eseleif they won't splash |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mençalpırıq esemif I am going to splash | sençalpırıq eseŋif you are going to splash | olçalpırıq eseif he is going to splash | bizçalpırıq esekif we are going to splash | sizçalpırıq esegizif you all are going to splash | alaçalpırıq eseleif they are going to splash |
| Conditional, future | mençalpırıq tül esemif I am not going to splash | sençalpırıq tül eseŋif you are not going to splash | olçalpırıq tül eseif he is not going to splash | bizçalpırıq tül esekif we are not going to splash | sizçalpırıq tül esegizif you all are not going to splash | alaçalpırıq tül eseleif they are not going to splash |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mençalpırıq bolsamif I were going to splash | sençalpırıq bolsaŋif you were going to splash | olçalpırıq bolsaif he were going to splash | bizçalpırıq bolsaqif we were going to splash | sizçalpırıq bolsağızif you all were going to splash | alaçalpırıq bolsalaif they were going to splash |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mençalpımazlıq bolsamif I were not going to splash | sençalpımazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to splash | olçalpımazlıq bolsaif he were not going to splash | bizçalpımazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to splash | sizçalpımazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to splash | alaçalpımazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to splash |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso çalpıdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mençalpıy bolurmaI must be splashing | sençalpıy bolursayou must be splashing | olçalpıy bolurhe must be splashing | bizçalpıy bolurbuzwe must be splashing | sizçalpıy bolursuzyou all must be splashing | alaçalpıy bolurlathey must be splashing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mençalpımay bolurmaI must not be splashing | sençalpımay bolursayou must not be splashing | olçalpımay bolurhe must not be splashing | bizçalpımay bolurbuzwe must not be splashing | sizçalpımay bolursuzyou all must not be splashing | alaçalpımay bolurlathey must not be splashing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mençalpıy tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of splashing | sençalpıy tura bolursayou must be in the middle of splashing | olçalpıy tura bolurhe must be in the middle of splashing | bizçalpıy tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of splashing | sizçalpıy tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of splashing | alaçalpıy tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of splashing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mençalpımay tura bolurmaI must keep on not splashing | sençalpımay tura bolursayou must keep on not splashing | olçalpımay tura bolurhe must keep on not splashing | bizçalpımay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not splashing | sizçalpımay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not splashing | alaçalpımay tura bolurlathey must keep on not splashing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mençalpığan bolurmaI must have splashed | sençalpığan bolursayou must have splashed | olçalpığan bolurhe must have splashed | bizçalpığan bolurbuzwe must have splashed | sizçalpığan bolursuzyou all must have splashed | alaçalpığan bolurlathey must have splashed |
| Inference (must have) | mençalpımağan bolurmaI must not have splashed | sençalpımağan bolursayou must not have splashed | olçalpımağan bolurhe must not have splashed | bizçalpımağan bolurbuzwe must not have splashed | sizçalpımağan bolursuzyou all must not have splashed | alaçalpımağan bolurlathey must not have splashed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mençalpırıq bolurmaI must be going to splash | sençalpırıq bolursayou must be going to splash | olçalpırıq bolurhe must be going to splash | bizçalpırıq bolurbuzwe must be going to splash | sizçalpırıq bolursuzyou all must be going to splash | alaçalpırıq bolurlathey must be going to splash |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mençalpımazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to splash | sençalpımazlıq bolursayou must not be going to splash | olçalpımazlıq bolurhe must not be going to splash | bizçalpımazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to splash | sizçalpımazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to splash | alaçalpımazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to splash |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mençalpıyımlet me splash | sençalpı!splash! | olçalpısınlet him splash | bizçalpıyıqlet's splash | sizçalpığız!splash, you all! | alaçalpısınlalet them splash |
| Commands & suggestions | mençalpımayımlet me not splash | sençalpıma!don't splash! | olçalpımasınlet him not splash | bizçalpımayıqlet's not splash | sizçalpımağız!don't splash, you all! | alaçalpımasınlalet them not splash |
| Commands & suggestions | mençalpıyımmı?shall I splash? | olçalpısınmı?should he splash? | bizçalpıyıqmı?shall we splash? | alaçalpısınlamı?should they splash? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mençalpımayımmı?shall I not splash? | olçalpımasınmı?should he not splash? | bizçalpımayıqmı?shall we not splash? | alaçalpımasınlamı?should they not splash? | ||
| Requests | sençalpıçı2çalpıçınplease splash | olçalpısınçıdo let him splash | sizçalpıçığızplease splash (plural/polite) | alaçalpısınlaçıdo let them splash | ||
| Requests | sençalpımaçı2çalpımaçınplease don't splash | olçalpımasınçıdo let him not splash | sizçalpımaçığızplease don't splash (plural/polite) | alaçalpımasınlaçıdo let them not splash | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sençalpığınçalpığımay you splash | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sençalpımağınçalpımağımay you not splash | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mençalpığay edim çalpığa edimwould that I splashed | sençalpığay ediŋ çalpığa ediŋwould that you splashed | olçalpığay edi çalpığa ediwould that he splashed | bizçalpığay edik çalpığa edikwould that we splashed | sizçalpığay edigiz çalpığa edigizwould that you all splashed | alaçalpığay edile çalpığa edilewould that they splashed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mençalpımağay edim çalpımağa edimwould that I did not splash | sençalpımağay ediŋ çalpımağa ediŋwould that you did not splash | olçalpımağay edi çalpımağa ediwould that he did not splash | bizçalpımağay edik çalpımağa edikwould that we did not splash | sizçalpımağay edigiz çalpımağa edigizwould that you all did not splash | alaçalpımağay edile çalpımağa edilewould that they did not splash |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mençalpımağa qoyayımçalpıma qoyayımlet me allow someone to splash | sençalpımağa qoy!çalpıma qoy!let someone splash! | olçalpımağa qoysunçalpıma qoysunlet him allow someone to splash | bizçalpımağa qoyayıqçalpıma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to splash | sizçalpımağa qoyuğuz!çalpıma qoyuğuz!let someone splash, you all! | alaçalpımağa qoysunlaçalpıma qoysunlalet them allow someone to splash |
| Let someone… (commands) | mençalpımağa qoymayımçalpıma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to splash | sençalpımağa qoyma!çalpıma qoyma!don't let someone splash! | olçalpımağa qoymasınçalpıma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to splash | bizçalpımağa qoymayıqçalpıma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to splash | sizçalpımağa qoymağız!çalpıma qoymağız!don't let someone splash, you all! | alaçalpımağa qoymasınlaçalpıma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to splash |
| Let someone… (commands) | mençalpımağa qoyayımmı?çalpıma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to splash? | olçalpımağa qoysunmu?çalpıma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to splash? | bizçalpımağa qoyayıqmı?çalpıma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to splash? | alaçalpımağa qoysunlamı?çalpıma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to splash? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mençalpımağa qoymayımmı?çalpıma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to splash? | olçalpımağa qoymasınmı?çalpıma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to splash? | bizçalpımağa qoymayıqmı?çalpıma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to splash? | alaçalpımağa qoymasınlamı?çalpıma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to splash? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mençalpımağa qoyamaçalpıma qoyamaI allow someone to splash | sençalpımağa qoyasaçalpıma qoyasayou allow someone to splash | olçalpımağa qoyadıçalpıma qoyadıhe allows someone to splash | bizçalpımağa qoyabızçalpıma qoyabızwe allow someone to splash | sizçalpımağa qoyasızçalpıma qoyasızyou all allow someone to splash | alaçalpımağa qoyadılaçalpıma qoyadılathey allow someone to splash |
| Let someone… (present) | mençalpımağa qoymaymaçalpıma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to splash | sençalpımağa qoymaysaçalpıma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to splash | olçalpımağa qoymaydıçalpıma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to splash | bizçalpımağa qoymaybızçalpıma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to splash | sizçalpımağa qoymaysızçalpıma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to splash | alaçalpımağa qoymaydılaçalpıma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to splash |
| Let someone… (present) | mençalpımağa qoyamamı?çalpıma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to splash? | sençalpımağa qoyamısa?çalpıma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to splash? | olçalpımağa qoyamıdı?çalpıma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to splash? | bizçalpımağa qoyabızmı?çalpıma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to splash? | sizçalpımağa qoyamısız?çalpıma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to splash? | alaçalpımağa qoyamıdıla?çalpıma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to splash? |
| Let someone… (present) | mençalpımağa qoymaymamı?çalpıma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to splash? | sençalpımağa qoymaymısa?çalpıma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to splash? | olçalpımağa qoymaymıdı?çalpıma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to splash? | bizçalpımağa qoymaybızmı?çalpıma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to splash? | sizçalpımağa qoymaymısız?çalpıma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to splash? | alaçalpımağa qoymaymıdıla?çalpıma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to splash? |
| Let someone… (past) | mençalpımağa qoydumçalpıma qoydumI allowed someone to splash | sençalpımağa qoyduŋçalpıma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to splash | olçalpımağa qoyduçalpıma qoyduhe allowed someone to splash | bizçalpımağa qoyduqçalpıma qoyduqwe allowed someone to splash | sizçalpımağa qoyduğuzçalpıma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to splash | alaçalpımağa qoydulaçalpıma qoydulathey allowed someone to splash |
| Let someone… (past) | mençalpımağa qoymadımçalpıma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to splash | sençalpımağa qoymadıŋçalpıma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to splash | olçalpımağa qoymadıçalpıma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to splash | bizçalpımağa qoymadıqçalpıma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to splash | sizçalpımağa qoymadığızçalpıma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to splash | alaçalpımağa qoymadılaçalpıma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to splash |
| Let someone… (past) | mençalpımağa qoydummu?çalpıma qoydummu?did I allow someone to splash? | sençalpımağa qoyduŋmu?çalpıma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to splash? | olçalpımağa qoydumu?çalpıma qoydumu?did he allow someone to splash? | bizçalpımağa qoyduqmu?çalpıma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to splash? | sizçalpımağa qoyduğuzmu?çalpıma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to splash? | alaçalpımağa qoydulamı?çalpıma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to splash? |
| Let someone… (past) | mençalpımağa qoymadımmı?çalpıma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to splash? | sençalpımağa qoymadıŋmı?çalpıma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to splash? | olçalpımağa qoymadımı?çalpıma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to splash? | bizçalpımağa qoymadıqmı?çalpıma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to splash? | sizçalpımağa qoymadığızmı?çalpıma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to splash? | alaçalpımağa qoymadılamı?çalpıma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to splash? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
çalpıyalırğa be able to splash · çalpıyalmazğa be unable to splash
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mençalpıyalamaI can splash | sençalpıyalasayou can splash | olçalpıyaladıhe can splash | bizçalpıyalabızwe can splash | sizçalpıyalasızyou all can splash | alaçalpıyaladılathey can splash |
| Ability — present | mençalpıyalmaymaI can't splash | sençalpıyalmaysayou can't splash | olçalpıyalmaydıhe can't splash | bizçalpıyalmaybızwe can't splash | sizçalpıyalmaysızyou all can't splash | alaçalpıyalmaydılathey can't splash |
| Ability — present | mençalpıyalamamı? çalpıyalamıma?can I splash? | sençalpıyalamısa?can you splash? | olçalpıyalamıdı?can he splash? | bizçalpıyalabızmı? çalpıyalamıbız?can we splash? | sizçalpıyalamısız?can you all splash? | alaçalpıyalamıdıla?can they splash? |
| Ability — present | mençalpıyalmaymamı? çalpıyalmaymıma?can't I splash? | sençalpıyalmaymısa?can't you splash? | olçalpıyalmaymıdı?can't he splash? | bizçalpıyalmaybızmı? çalpıyalmaymıbız?can't we splash? | sizçalpıyalmaymısız?can't you all splash? | alaçalpıyalmaymıdıla?can't they splash? |
| Ability — if I can… | mençalpıyalsamif I can splash | sençalpıyalsaŋif you can splash | olçalpıyalsaif he can splash | bizçalpıyalsaqif we can splash | sizçalpıyalsağızif you all can splash | alaçalpıyalsalaif they can splash |
| Ability — if I can… | mençalpıyalmasamif I can't splash | sençalpıyalmasaŋif you can't splash | olçalpıyalmasaif he can't splash | bizçalpıyalmasaqif we can't splash | sizçalpıyalmasağızif you all can't splash | alaçalpıyalmasalaif they can't splash |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mençalpıyaldımI was able to splash | sençalpıyaldıŋyou were able to splash | olçalpıyaldıhe was able to splash | bizçalpıyaldıqwe were able to splash | sizçalpıyaldığızyou all were able to splash | alaçalpıyaldılathey were able to splash |
| Ability — simple past | mençalpıyalmadımI could not splash | sençalpıyalmadıŋyou could not splash | olçalpıyalmadıhe could not splash | bizçalpıyalmadıqwe could not splash | sizçalpıyalmadığızyou all could not splash | alaçalpıyalmadılathey could not splash |
| Ability — simple past | mençalpıyaldımmı?was I able to splash? | sençalpıyaldıŋmı?were you able to splash? | olçalpıyaldımı?was he able to splash? | bizçalpıyaldıqmı?were we able to splash? | sizçalpıyaldığızmı?were you all able to splash? | alaçalpıyaldılamı?were they able to splash? |
| Ability — simple past | mençalpıyalmadımmı?couldn't I splash? | sençalpıyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you splash? | olçalpıyalmadımı?couldn't he splash? | bizçalpıyalmadıqmı?couldn't we splash? | sizçalpıyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all splash? | alaçalpıyalmadılamı?couldn't they splash? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençalpıyalğanmaI have been able to splash | sençalpıyalğansayou have been able to splash | olçalpıyalğandıhe has been able to splash | bizçalpıyalğanbızwe have been able to splash | sizçalpıyalğansızyou all have been able to splash | alaçalpıyalğandılathey have been able to splash |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençalpıyalmağanmaI haven't been able to splash | sençalpıyalmağansayou haven't been able to splash | olçalpıyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to splash | bizçalpıyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to splash | sizçalpıyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to splash | alaçalpıyalmağandılathey haven't been able to splash |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençalpıyalğanmamı? çalpıyalğanmıma?have I been able to splash? | sençalpıyalğanmısa?have you been able to splash? | olçalpıyalğanmıdı?has he been able to splash? | bizçalpıyalğanbızmı? çalpıyalğanmıbız?have we been able to splash? | sizçalpıyalğanmısız?have you all been able to splash? | alaçalpıyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to splash? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençalpıyalmağanmamı? çalpıyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to splash? | sençalpıyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to splash? | olçalpıyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to splash? | bizçalpıyalmağanbızmı? çalpıyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to splash? | sizçalpıyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to splash? | alaçalpıyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to splash? |
| Ability — past perfect | mençalpıyalğan edimçalpıyalğanemI had been able to splash | sençalpıyalğan ediŋçalpıyalğaneŋyou had been able to splash | olçalpıyalğan ediçalpıyalğanedhe had been able to splash | bizçalpıyalğan edikçalpıyalğanekwe had been able to splash | sizçalpıyalğan edigizçalpıyalğanegizyou all had been able to splash | alaçalpıyalğan edileçalpıyalğanellethey had been able to splash |
| Ability — past perfect | mençalpıyalmağan edimçalpıyalmağanemI hadn't been able to splash | sençalpıyalmağan ediŋçalpıyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to splash | olçalpıyalmağan ediçalpıyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to splash | bizçalpıyalmağan edikçalpıyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to splash | sizçalpıyalmağan edigizçalpıyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to splash | alaçalpıyalmağan edileçalpıyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to splash |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mençalpıyala edimçalpıyalaemI could splash | sençalpıyala ediŋçalpıyalaeŋyou could splash | olçalpıyala ediçalpıyalaedhe could splash | bizçalpıyala edikçalpıyalaekwe could splash | sizçalpıyala edigizçalpıyalaegizyou all could splash | alaçalpıyala edileçalpıyalaellethey could splash |
| Ability — past background | mençalpıyalmay edimçalpıyalmayemI could not splash | sençalpıyalmay ediŋçalpıyalmayeŋyou could not splash | olçalpıyalmay ediçalpıyalmayedhe could not splash | bizçalpıyalmay edikçalpıyalmayekwe could not splash | sizçalpıyalmay edigizçalpıyalmayegizyou all could not splash | alaçalpıyalmay edileçalpıyalmayellethey could not splash |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mençalpıyalırmaI will be able to splash | sençalpıyalırsayou will be able to splash | olçalpıyalırhe will be able to splash | bizçalpıyalırbızwe will be able to splash | sizçalpıyalırsızyou all will be able to splash | alaçalpıyalırlathey will be able to splash |
| Ability — future I | mençalpıyalmazmaI won't be able to splash | sençalpıyalmazsayou won't be able to splash | olçalpıyalmazhe won't be able to splash | bizçalpıyalmazbızwe won't be able to splash | sizçalpıyalmazsızyou all won't be able to splash | alaçalpıyalmazlathey won't be able to splash |
| Ability — future I | mençalpıyalırmamı? çalpıyalırmıma?will I be able to splash? | sençalpıyalırmısa?will you be able to splash? | olçalpıyalırmı?will he be able to splash? | bizçalpıyalırbızmı? çalpıyalırmıbız?will we be able to splash? | sizçalpıyalırmısız?will you all be able to splash? | alaçalpıyalırlamı? çalpıyalırmıla?will they be able to splash? |
| Ability — future I | mençalpıyalmazmamı? çalpıyalmazmıma?won't I be able to splash? | sençalpıyalmazmısa?won't you be able to splash? | olçalpıyalmazmı?won't he be able to splash? | bizçalpıyalmazbızmı? çalpıyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to splash? | sizçalpıyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to splash? | alaçalpıyalmazlamı? çalpıyalmazmıla?won't they be able to splash? |
| Ability — future II | mençalpıyallıqmaI am going to be able to splash | sençalpıyallıqsayou are going to be able to splash | olçalpıyallıqdıhe is going to be able to splash | bizçalpıyallıqbızwe are going to be able to splash | sizçalpıyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to splash | alaçalpıyallıqdılathey are going to be able to splash |
| Ability — future II | mençalpıyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to splash | sençalpıyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to splash | olçalpıyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to splash | bizçalpıyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to splash | sizçalpıyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to splash | alaçalpıyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to splash |
| Ability — future II | mençalpıyallıqmamı? çalpıyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to splash? | sençalpıyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to splash? | olçalpıyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to splash? | bizçalpıyallıqbızmı? çalpıyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to splash? | sizçalpıyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to splash? | alaçalpıyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to splash? |
| Ability — future II | mençalpıyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to splash? | sençalpıyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to splash? | olçalpıyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to splash? | bizçalpıyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to splash? | sizçalpıyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to splash? | alaçalpıyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to splash? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mençalpıyalır edimçalpıyalır emI would be able to splash | sençalpıyalır ediŋçalpıyalır eŋyou would be able to splash | olçalpıyalır ediçalpıyalır edhe would be able to splash | bizçalpıyalır edikçalpıyalır ekwe would be able to splash | sizçalpıyalır edigizçalpıyalır egizyou all would be able to splash | alaçalpıyalır edileçalpıyalır ellethey would be able to splash |
| Ability — would be able to… | mençalpıyalmaz edimçalpıyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to splash | sençalpıyalmaz ediŋçalpıyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to splash | olçalpıyalmaz ediçalpıyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to splash | bizçalpıyalmaz edikçalpıyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to splash | sizçalpıyalmaz edigizçalpıyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to splash | alaçalpıyalmaz edileçalpıyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to splash |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sençalpıyalğınçalpıyalğımay you be able to splash | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sençalpıyalmağınçalpıyalmağımay you not be able to splash | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mençalpırğa izleymeI want to splash | sençalpırğa izleyseyou want to splash | olçalpırğa izleydihe wants to splash | bizçalpırğa izleybizwe want to splash | sizçalpırğa izleysizyou all want to splash | alaçalpırğa izleydilethey want to splash |
| want to | mençalpırğa izlemeymeI do not want to splash | sençalpırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to splash | olçalpırğa izlemeydihe does not want to splash | bizçalpırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to splash | sizçalpırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to splash | alaçalpırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to splash |
| would like to | mençalpırğa süemeI would like to splash | sençalpırğa süeseyou would like to splash | olçalpırğa süedihe would like to splash | bizçalpırğa süebizwe would like to splash | sizçalpırğa süesizyou all would like to splash | alaçalpırğa süedilethey would like to splash |
| would like to | mençalpırğa süymeymeI would not like to splash | sençalpırğa süymeyseyou would not like to splash | olçalpırğa süymeydihe would not like to splash | bizçalpırğa süymeybizwe would not like to splash | sizçalpırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to splash | alaçalpırğa süymeydilethey would not like to splash |
| hope to | mençalpırğa umutlanamaI hope to splash | sençalpırğa umutlanasayou hope to splash | olçalpırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to splash | bizçalpırğa umutlanabızwe hope to splash | sizçalpırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to splash | alaçalpırğa umutlanadılathey hope to splash |
| hope to | mençalpırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to splash | sençalpırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to splash | olçalpırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to splash | bizçalpırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to splash | sizçalpırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to splash | alaçalpırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to splash |
| be about to | mençalpırğa deb turamaI am about to splash | sençalpırğa deb turasayou are about to splash | olçalpırğa deb turadıhe is about to splash | bizçalpırğa deb turabızwe are about to splash | sizçalpırğa deb turasızyou all are about to splash | alaçalpırğa deb turadılathey are about to splash |
| be about to | mençalpırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to splash | sençalpırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to splash | olçalpırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to splash | bizçalpırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to splash | sizçalpırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to splash | alaçalpırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to splash |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mençalpırğa kerekmeI need to splash | sençalpırğa kerekseyou need to splash | olçalpırğa kerekdihe needs to splash | bizçalpırğa kerekbizwe need to splash | sizçalpırğa kereksizyou all need to splash | alaçalpırğa kerekdilethey need to splash |
| need to | mençalpırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to splash | sençalpırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to splash | olçalpırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to splash | bizçalpırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to splash | sizçalpırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to splash | alaçalpırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to splash |
| have to | menmenŋe çalpırğa tüşediI have to splash | sensenŋe çalpırğa tüşediyou have to splash | olaŋa çalpırğa tüşedihe has to splash | bizbizge çalpırğa tüşediwe have to splash | sizsizge çalpırğa tüşediyou all have to splash | alaalağa çalpırğa tüşedithey have to splash |
| have to | menmenŋe çalpırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to splash | sensenŋe çalpırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to splash | olaŋa çalpırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to splash | bizbizge çalpırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to splash | sizsizge çalpırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to splash | alaalağa çalpırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to splash |
| be obliged to | mençalpırğa borçlumaI am obliged to splash | sençalpırğa borçlusayou are obliged to splash | olçalpırğa borçluduhe is obliged to splash | bizçalpırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to splash | sizçalpırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to splash | alaçalpırğa borçludulathey are obliged to splash |
| be obliged to | mençalpırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to splash | sençalpırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to splash | olçalpırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to splash | bizçalpırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to splash | sizçalpırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to splash | alaçalpırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to splash |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mençalpırğa madarım bardıI have a way to splash | sençalpırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to splash | olçalpırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to splash | bizçalpırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to splash | sizçalpırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to splash | alaçalpırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to splash |
| have a way to | mençalpırğa madarım joqduI have no way to splash | sençalpırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to splash | olçalpırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to splash | bizçalpırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to splash | sizçalpırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to splash | alaçalpırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to splash |
| be free to | mençalpırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to splash | sençalpırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to splash | olçalpırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to splash | bizçalpırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to splash | sizçalpırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to splash | alaçalpırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to splash |
| be free to | mençalpırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to splash | sençalpırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to splash | olçalpırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to splash | bizçalpırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to splash | sizçalpırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to splash | alaçalpırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to splash |
| be possible to | menmenŋe çalpırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to splash | sensenŋe çalpırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to splash | olaŋa çalpırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to splash | bizbizge çalpırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to splash | sizsizge çalpırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to splash | alaalağa çalpırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to splash |
| be possible to | menmenŋe çalpırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to splash | sensenŋe çalpırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to splash | olaŋa çalpırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to splash | bizbizge çalpırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to splash | sizsizge çalpırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to splash | alaalağa çalpırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to splash |
| be ready to | mençalpırğa hazırmaI am ready to splash | sençalpırğa hazırsayou are ready to splash | olçalpırğa hazırdıhe is ready to splash | bizçalpırğa hazırbızwe are ready to splash | sizçalpırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to splash | alaçalpırğa hazırdılathey are ready to splash |
| be ready to | mençalpırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to splash | sençalpırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to splash | olçalpırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to splash | bizçalpırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to splash | sizçalpırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to splash | alaçalpırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to splash |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mençalpırğa küreşemeI am trying to splash | sençalpırğa küreşeseyou are trying to splash | olçalpırğa küreşedihe is trying to splash | bizçalpırğa küreşebizwe are trying to splash | sizçalpırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to splash | alaçalpırğa küreşedilethey are trying to splash |
| try to | mençalpırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to splash | sençalpırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to splash | olçalpırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to splash | bizçalpırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to splash | sizçalpırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to splash | alaçalpırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to splash |
| agree to | mençalpırğa unaymaI agree to splash | sençalpırğa unaysayou agree to splash | olçalpırğa unaydıhe agrees to splash | bizçalpırğa unaybızwe agree to splash | sizçalpırğa unaysızyou all agree to splash | alaçalpırğa unaydılathey agree to splash |
| agree to | mençalpırğa unamaymaI refuse to splash | sençalpırğa unamaysayou refuse to splash | olçalpırğa unamaydıhe refuses to splash | bizçalpırğa unamaybızwe refuse to splash | sizçalpırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to splash | alaçalpırğa unamaydılathey refuse to splash |
| hurry to | mençalpırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to splash | sençalpırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to splash | olçalpırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to splash | bizçalpırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to splash | sizçalpırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to splash | alaçalpırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to splash |
| hurry to | mençalpırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to splash | sençalpırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to splash | olçalpırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to splash | bizçalpırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to splash | sizçalpırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to splash | alaçalpırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to splash |
| be afraid to | mençalpırğa qorqamaI am afraid to splash | sençalpırğa qorqasayou are afraid to splash | olçalpırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to splash | bizçalpırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to splash | sizçalpırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to splash | alaçalpırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to splash |
| be afraid to | mençalpırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to splash | sençalpırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to splash | olçalpırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to splash | bizçalpırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to splash | sizçalpırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to splash | alaçalpırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to splash |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mençalpıy bolmazmaI can't be splashing | sençalpıy bolmazsayou can't be splashing | olçalpıy bolmazhe can't be splashing | bizçalpıy bolmazbızwe can't be splashing | sizçalpıy bolmazsızyou all can't be splashing | alaçalpıy bolmazlathey can't be splashing |
| Inference, present — double negation | mençalpımay bolmazmaI must be splashing (emphatic) | sençalpımay bolmazsayou must be splashing (emphatic) | olçalpımay bolmazhe must be splashing (emphatic) | bizçalpımay bolmazbızwe must be splashing (emphatic) | sizçalpımay bolmazsızyou all must be splashing (emphatic) | alaçalpımay bolmazlathey must be splashing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mençalpıy turmasamif I don't keep splashing | sençalpıy turmasaŋif you don't keep splashing | olçalpıy turmasaif he doesn't keep splashing | bizçalpıy turmasaqif we don't keep splashing | sizçalpıy turmasağızif you all don't keep splashing | alaçalpıy turmasalaif they don't keep splashing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mençalpıy tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of splashing | sençalpıy tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of splashing | olçalpıy tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of splashing | bizçalpıy tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of splashing | sizçalpıy tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of splashing | alaçalpıy tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of splashing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mençalpımay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not splashing (emphatic) | sençalpımay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not splashing (emphatic) | olçalpımay tura bolmazhe must keep on not splashing (emphatic) | bizçalpımay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not splashing (emphatic) | sizçalpımay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not splashing (emphatic) | alaçalpımay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not splashing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mençalpımay turamaI keep on not splashing | sençalpımay turasayou keep on not splashing | olçalpımay turadıhe keeps on not splashing | bizçalpımay turabızwe keep on not splashing | sizçalpımay turasızyou all keep on not splashing | alaçalpımay turadılathey keep on not splashing |
| Progressive — double negation | mençalpımay turmaymaI am not keeping on not splashing | sençalpımay turmaysayou are not keeping on not splashing | olçalpımay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not splashing | bizçalpımay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not splashing | sizçalpımay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not splashing | alaçalpımay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not splashing |
| Progressive — double negation | mençalpımay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not splashing? | sençalpımay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not splashing? | olçalpımay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not splashing? | bizçalpımay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not splashing? | sizçalpımay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not splashing? | alaçalpımay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not splashing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mençalpığan bolmazmaI can't have splashed | sençalpığan bolmazsayou can't have splashed | olçalpığan bolmazhe can't have splashed | bizçalpığan bolmazbızwe can't have splashed | sizçalpığan bolmazsızyou all can't have splashed | alaçalpığan bolmazlathey can't have splashed |
| Inference — double negation | mençalpımağan bolmazmaI must have splashed (emphatic) | sençalpımağan bolmazsayou must have splashed (emphatic) | olçalpımağan bolmazhe must have splashed (emphatic) | bizçalpımağan bolmazbızwe must have splashed (emphatic) | sizçalpımağan bolmazsızyou all must have splashed (emphatic) | alaçalpımağan bolmazlathey must have splashed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mençalpığan bolmasamif it weren't that I had splashed | sençalpığan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had splashed | olçalpığan bolmasaif it weren't that he had splashed | bizçalpığan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had splashed | sizçalpığan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had splashed | alaçalpığan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had splashed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mençalpımağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't splashed | sençalpımağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't splashed | olçalpımağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't splashed | bizçalpımağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't splashed | sizçalpımağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't splashed | alaçalpımağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't splashed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mençalpırıq bolmazmaI can't be going to splash | sençalpırıq bolmazsayou can't be going to splash | olçalpırıq bolmazhe can't be going to splash | bizçalpırıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to splash | sizçalpırıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to splash | alaçalpırıq bolmazlathey can't be going to splash |
| Inference, future — double negation | mençalpımazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to splash (emphatic) | sençalpımazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to splash (emphatic) | olçalpımazlıq bolmazhe must be going to splash (emphatic) | bizçalpımazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to splash (emphatic) | sizçalpımazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to splash (emphatic) | alaçalpımazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to splash (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mençalpırıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to splash | sençalpırıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to splash | olçalpırıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to splash | bizçalpırıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to splash | sizçalpırıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to splash | alaçalpırıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to splash |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mençalpımazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to splash | sençalpımazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to splash | olçalpımazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to splash | bizçalpımazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to splash | sizçalpımazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to splash | alaçalpımazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to splash |