şum
/ʃum/
silence, stillness, quiet, hush — Used as a predicate it means "silent, quiet": klass şum boldu "the classroom fell silent". With bolurğa it means "fall silent", and with tutarğa it means "keep silent"; şum tutuw is also the name of a children's game in which players have to stay silent.
- şum bolub qaldıla — they fell silent
- sabiyle ustaz kirgeninde şum boldula — the children fell silent when the teacher came in
- sabiyle da şum boldula — the children fell silent too
- şum tutarğa — to keep silent
- şum tutuw — keeping silent; the silence game
- taw qoynunda şum ornadı — in the bosom of the mountains stillness settled
Expressions
- şum bolurğa — fall silent
Cases and owners
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | şumthe silence | şumummy silence | şumuŋyour silence | şumuhis silence | şumubuzour silence | şumuğuzyou all's silence | şumlarıtheir silences |
| Genitive | şumnuthe silence's | şumumumy silence's | şumuŋuyour silence's | şumunuhis silence's | şumubuznuour silence's | şumuğuznuyou all's silence's | şumlarınıtheir silences' |
| Accusative | şumnuthe silence (as the object) | şumumumy silence (as the object) | şumuŋuyour silence (as the object) | şumunhis silence (as the object) | şumubuznuour silence (as the object) | şumuğuznuyou all's silence (as the object) | şumlarıntheir silences (as the object) |
| Dative | şumğato the silence | şumumato my silence | şumuŋato your silence | şumunato his silence | şumubuzğato our silence | şumuğuzğato you all's silence | şumlarınato their silences |
| Locative | şumdain / at the silence | şumumdain / at my silence | şumuŋdain / at your silence | şumundain / at his silence | şumubuzdain / at our silence | şumuğuzdain / at you all's silence | şumlarındain / at their silences |
| Ablative | şumdanfrom the silence | şumumdanfrom my silence | şumuŋdanfrom your silence | şumundanfrom his silence | şumubuzdanfrom our silence | şumuğuzdanfrom you all's silence | şumlarındanfrom their silences |
There is no plural of this word. The ending would attach like any other — it is the word, not the grammar, that refuses: this is not something Karachay counts.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.