zalim

/zalim/ · plural zalimle

1. (adj.) cruel, merciless, tyrannical, oppressive, despotic (Ar.)

zalim duşman — a cruel enemy
zalim bay — a cruel rich man
zalim duniya — a cruel world
zalim jüregi bolğan kişi — a man who had a cruel heart

2. (adj.) ill-natured, malicious, nasty (of a person) (Ar.)

zalim qatın — a malicious woman
zalim tişirıw — an ill-natured woman
bir zalim qatını bolğandı — he had a malicious wife

3. (n.) tyrant, oppressor, despot (Ar.)

zalimleni horlaw — defeating the tyrants
zalim halqnı qıynadı — the tyrant tormented the people
halq ahırında zalimden qutuldu — the people finally freed themselves of the tyrant
zalimni boynun burduq — we wrung the tyrant's neck
zalimleni duniyası quruğandı — the world of the tyrants has ended
zalimge boysunma, tüzlük saqla — do not submit to a tyrant, uphold righteousness

4. (adj.) very strong, mighty, powerful (Ar.; fig.)

zalim küç — mighty strength
zalim asker — a mighty army
zalim jel urdu — a powerful wind blew
zalim suwuq boldu — the cold turned severe

5. (adj.) huge, enormous (Ar.; fig.)

zalim tawla — huge mountains
zalim qala — an enormous fortress
zalim terek ösgendi — a huge tree has grown
bu zalim çınar terek — this huge plane tree
bir zalim, jarağan toqlu — a huge, well-fed yearling lamb

6. (adj.) excellent, splendid, fine (Ar.; fig.; colloq.)

zalim qız — a splendid girl
zalim jaş — a splendid young man
zalim tözüm — excellent patience
zalim iş etgense — you have done a splendid job
bek zalim bilimi bardı — he has really excellent knowledge
allay zalim jaşları bolğan ata — a father who has such splendid sons

7. (adv.) excellently, very well, splendidly (Ar.)

bek zalim jırlağansa — you sang very well
zalim jüze bilirge — to be able to swim excellently
zalim tepserge — to dance splendidly

8. (adv.) strongly, powerfully, hard, loudly (Ar.)

motor zalim gürüldedi — the engine roared loudly
harsnı zalim urdula — they clapped hard
zalim qıçırıw — loud shouting
zalim süerge — to love strongly

As an adjective

Degrees and persons

Degrees and persons — zalim
Degree	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
base form	zalimmeI am cruel	zalimseyou are cruel	zalimdihe is cruel	zalimbizwe are cruel	zalimsizyou all are cruel	zalimdilethey are cruel
comparative — more	zalimirekmeI am crueler	zalimirekseyou are crueler	zalimirekdihe is crueler	zalimirekbizwe are crueler	zalimireksizyou all are crueler	zalimirekdilethey are crueler
intensifier — very	bek zalimmeI am very cruel	bek zalimseyou are very cruel	bek zalimdihe is very cruel	bek zalimbizwe are very cruel	bek zalimsizyou all are very cruel	bek zalimdilethey are very cruel
superlative — most	em zalimmeI am the cruelest	em zalimseyou are the cruelest	em zalimdihe is the cruelest	em zalimbizwe are the cruelest	em zalimsizyou all are the cruelest	em zalimdilethey are the cruelest

To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden zalimdi — "compared to me, he is cruel."

Saying it about mine, yours, theirs

One thing

One thing — zalim
Degree	menikimine	senikiyours	anıqıhis / hers	biznikiours	siznikiyours (pl.)	alanıqıtheirs
base form	meniki zalimdimine is cruel	seniki zalimdiyours is cruel	anıqı zalimdihis is cruel	bizniki zalimdiours is cruel	sizniki zalimdiyours (pl.) is cruel	alanıqı zalimditheirs is cruel
comparative — more	meniki zalimirekdimine is crueler	seniki zalimirekdiyours is crueler	anıqı zalimirekdihis is crueler	bizniki zalimirekdiours is crueler	sizniki zalimirekdiyours (pl.) is crueler	alanıqı zalimirekditheirs is crueler
intensifier — very	meniki bek zalimdimine is very cruel	seniki bek zalimdiyours is very cruel	anıqı bek zalimdihis is very cruel	bizniki bek zalimdiours is very cruel	sizniki bek zalimdiyours (pl.) is very cruel	alanıqı bek zalimditheirs is very cruel
superlative — most	meniki em zalimdimine is the cruelest	seniki em zalimdiyours is the cruelest	anıqı em zalimdihis is the cruelest	bizniki em zalimdiours is the cruelest	sizniki em zalimdiyours (pl.) is the cruelest	alanıqı em zalimditheirs is the cruelest

Several things

Several things — zalim
Degree	menikilemine	senikileyours	anıqılahis / hers	biznikileours	siznikileyours (pl.)	alanıqılatheirs
base form	menikile zalimdilemine are cruel	senikile zalimdileyours are cruel	anıqıla zalimdilehis are cruel	biznikile zalimdileours are cruel	siznikile zalimdileyours (pl.) are cruel	alanıqıla zalimdiletheirs are cruel
comparative — more	menikile zalimirekdilemine are crueler	senikile zalimirekdileyours are crueler	anıqıla zalimirekdilehis are crueler	biznikile zalimirekdileours are crueler	siznikile zalimirekdileyours (pl.) are crueler	alanıqıla zalimirekdiletheirs are crueler
intensifier — very	menikile bek zalimdilemine are very cruel	senikile bek zalimdileyours are very cruel	anıqıla bek zalimdilehis are very cruel	biznikile bek zalimdileours are very cruel	siznikile bek zalimdileyours (pl.) are very cruel	alanıqıla bek zalimdiletheirs are very cruel
superlative — most	menikile em zalimdilemine are the cruelest	senikile em zalimdileyours are the cruelest	anıqıla em zalimdilehis are the cruelest	biznikile em zalimdileours are the cruelest	siznikile em zalimdileyours (pl.) are the cruelest	alanıqıla em zalimdiletheirs are the cruelest

Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu zalimdi, bıla zalimdile. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".

As a noun

Cases and owners

Singular

Singular — cases of zalim, plain and with an owner
Case	—plain	menimy	seniyour	anıhis / her	bizniour	sizniyou all's	alanıtheir
Nominative	zalimthe tyrant	zalimimmy tyrant	zalimiŋyour tyrant	zalimihis tyrant	zalimibizour tyrant	zalimigizyou all's tyrant	zalimleritheir tyrants
Genitive	zalimnithe tyrant's	zalimimimy tyrant's	zalimiŋiyour tyrant's	zaliminihis tyrant's	zalimibizniour tyrant's	zalimigizniyou all's tyrant's	zalimlerinitheir tyrants'
Accusative	zalimnithe tyrant (as the object)	zalimimimy tyrant (as the object)	zalimiŋiyour tyrant (as the object)	zaliminhis tyrant (as the object)	zalimibizniour tyrant (as the object)	zalimigizniyou all's tyrant (as the object)	zalimlerintheir tyrants (as the object)
Dative	zalimgeto the tyrant	zalimimeto my tyrant	zalimiŋeto your tyrant	zalimineto his tyrant	zalimibizgeto our tyrant	zalimigizgeto you all's tyrant	zalimlerineto their tyrants
Locative	zalimdein / at the tyrant	zalimimdein / at my tyrant	zalimiŋdein / at your tyrant	zalimindein / at his tyrant	zalimibizdein / at our tyrant	zalimigizdein / at you all's tyrant	zalimlerindein / at their tyrants
Ablative	zalimdenfrom the tyrant	zalimimdenfrom my tyrant	zalimiŋdenfrom your tyrant	zalimindenfrom his tyrant	zalimibizdenfrom our tyrant	zalimigizdenfrom you all's tyrant	zalimlerindenfrom their tyrants

Plural

Plural — cases of zalim, plain and with an owner
Case	—plain	menimy	seniyour	anıhis / her	bizniour	sizniyou all's	alanıtheir
Nominative	zalimlethe tyrants	zalimlerimmy tyrants	zalimleriŋyour tyrants	zalimlerihis tyrants	zalimleribizour tyrants	zalimlerigizyou all's tyrants	zalimleritheir tyrants
Genitive	zalimlenithe tyrants'	zalimlerimimy tyrants'	zalimleriŋiyour tyrants'	zalimlerinihis tyrants'	zalimleribizniour tyrants'	zalimlerigizniyou all's tyrants'	zalimlerinitheir tyrants'
Accusative	zalimlenithe tyrants (as the object)	zalimlerimimy tyrants (as the object)	zalimleriŋiyour tyrants (as the object)	zalimlerinhis tyrants (as the object)	zalimleribizniour tyrants (as the object)	zalimlerigizniyou all's tyrants (as the object)	zalimlerintheir tyrants (as the object)
Dative	zalimlegeto the tyrants	zalimlerimeto my tyrants	zalimleriŋeto your tyrants	zalimlerineto his tyrants	zalimleribizgeto our tyrants	zalimlerigizgeto you all's tyrants	zalimlerineto their tyrants
Locative	zalimledein / at the tyrants	zalimlerimdein / at my tyrants	zalimleriŋdein / at your tyrants	zalimlerindein / at his tyrants	zalimleribizdein / at our tyrants	zalimlerigizdein / at you all's tyrants	zalimlerindein / at their tyrants
Ablative	zalimledenfrom the tyrants	zalimlerimdenfrom my tyrants	zalimleriŋdenfrom your tyrants	zalimlerindenfrom his tyrants	zalimleribizdenfrom our tyrants	zalimlerigizdenfrom you all's tyrants	zalimlerindenfrom their tyrants

The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: zalimleri can mean "his / her tyrants", "their tyrant", or "their tyrants" — context decides.

Whose it is

Belonging to zalim — the tyrant's one
Case	one thing, one owner	several things, one owner	one thing, several owners	several things, several owners
Nominative	zalimnikithe tyrant's one	zalimnikilethe tyrant's ones	zalimlenikithe tyrants' one	zalimlenikilethe tyrants' ones
Genitive	zalimnikiniof the tyrant's one	zalimnikileniof the tyrant's ones	zalimlenikiniof the tyrants' one	zalimlenikileniof the tyrants' ones
Accusative	zalimnikinthe tyrant's one (as the object)	zalimnikilenithe tyrant's ones (as the object)	zalimlenikinthe tyrants' one (as the object)	zalimlenikilenithe tyrants' ones (as the object)
Dative	zalimnikineto the tyrant's one	zalimnikilegeto the tyrant's ones	zalimlenikineto the tyrants' one	zalimlenikilegeto the tyrants' ones
Locative	zalimnikindein / at the tyrant's one	zalimnikiledein / at the tyrant's ones	zalimlenikindein / at the tyrants' one	zalimlenikiledein / at the tyrants' ones
Ablative	zalimnikindenfrom the tyrant's one	zalimnikiledenfrom the tyrant's ones	zalimlenikindenfrom the tyrants' one	zalimlenikiledenfrom the tyrants' ones

The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.