urum
/urum/
Definitions
1. a blow, a stroke; an onslaught
- birinçi urum — the first blow
- al urum — the opening stroke
2. a single go at something; a time, an occasion
- bir urumğa — at one go
- üç urumğa berirge — to give in three instalments
3. the manner in which something is put; the turn a piece of speech takes
- söz urumundan angıladım — I understood him from the turn of his speech
4. a Greek or a Roman
- urum til — the Greek language
- urum tişirıw — a Greek woman
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or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | urumthe blow | urumlathe blows | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | urumnuthe blow's | urumlanıthe blows' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | urumnuthe blow (as the object) | urumlanıthe blows (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | urumğato the blow | urumlağato the blows | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | urumdaat / in the blow | urumladaat / in the blows | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | urumdanfrom the blow | urumladanfrom the blows | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | urumummy blow | urumlarımmy blows |
| your | urumungyour blow | urumlarıngyour blows |
| his / her | urumuhis / her blow | urumlarıhis / her blows |
| our | urumubuzour blow | urumlarıbızour blows |
| you all's | urumuğuzyou all's blow | urumlarığızyou all's blows |
| their | urumlarıtheir blow | urumlarıtheir blows |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: urumları can mean "his / her blows", "their blow", or "their blows" — context decides.