tunakı

/tunakɯ/

1. (adj.) dull, dim, murky, opaque, hazy, lacking luster or transparency

tunakı jarıq — a dim light
tunakı miyala — cloudy glass
tunakı terezele — dim windows
üy tunakı boldu — it grew dim in the house
tunakı suw boyunda tohtadıq — we stopped by the murky water
tunakı kökden jawun jawa başlandı — rain began to fall from a dim sky
tunakı jarıq qaraŋını quwalmaz — a dim light cannot drive away the darkness

2. (adj.) muffled, indistinct, faint, hoarse (of a sound or voice)

tunakı awaz — a hoarse voice
tunakı tawuş — a muffled sound
tunakı tawuş eşitildi — a muffled sound was heard
anamı tunakı awazı — my mother's muffled voice

3. (adj.) remote, out-of-the-way, deserted (of a place)

tunakı jer — a remote place
ol tunakı elde jaşaydı — he lives in a remote village
bu jer bek tunakıdı — this place is very remote

4. (adj.) gloomy, cheerless, sullen, low in spirits (fig.) one source

tunakı adam — a gloomy person
tunakı betli adam — a person with a sullen face
tunakı köllü bolub turadı — he is low in spirits

5. (adj.) consonant (of a speech sound) (gram.) — Used in tunakı tawuşla 'consonant sounds'.

tunakı tawuşla — consonant sounds
tunakı tawuşlanı sanağız — count the consonant sounds

6. (adj.) voiceless (of a consonant) (gram.) — In the term tunakı qısıq 'voiceless consonant', where qısıq itself means consonant.

tunakı qısıq — a voiceless consonant
tunakı qısıqla — voiceless consonants

7. (adv.) indistinctly, faintly, in a muffled way

suw tunakı şuwuldaydı — the water murmurs faintly
Qoban tunakı şuwuldaydı — the Kuban murmurs faintly
tunakı sızğıra, başıbız bla uçadıla — whistling dully, they fly over our heads

Sources

Show 7 sources

Gochiyaeva et al. 1993 · Russian–Karachay Learner's Dictionary · meanings 2, 5
Guzeev (ed.) 1996–2005 · Explanatory Dictionary of the Karachay-Balkar Language · meanings 1, 2, 6, 7
Guzeev 2013 · Dictionary of Homonyms of the Karachay-Balkar Language · meanings 1, 2, 7
Nevruz 1991 · Karachay-Balkar–Turkish Dictionary · meanings 1, 2
Suyunchev and Urusbiev (eds.) 1965 · Russian–Karachay-Balkar Dictionary · meanings 1–3, 7
Tenishev and Suyunchev (eds.) 1989 · Karachay-Balkar–Russian Dictionary · meanings 1–5
Zhulabov et al. 1997 · School Russian–Balkar Dictionary · meaning 5

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Degrees

Degrees — tunakı
Degree	—form
base form	tunakıdull
comparative — more	tunakıraqduller
intensifier — very	bek tunakıvery dull
superlative — most	em tunakıthe dullest

Saying it about mine, yours, theirs

One thing

One thing — tunakı
Degree	menikimine	senikiyours	anıqıhis / hers	biznikiours	siznikiyours (pl.)	alanıqıtheirs
base form	meniki tunakıdımine is dull	seniki tunakıdıyours is dull	anıqı tunakıdıhis is dull	bizniki tunakıdıours is dull	sizniki tunakıdıyours (pl.) is dull	alanıqı tunakıdıtheirs is dull
comparative — more	meniki tunakıraqdımine is duller	seniki tunakıraqdıyours is duller	anıqı tunakıraqdıhis is duller	bizniki tunakıraqdıours is duller	sizniki tunakıraqdıyours (pl.) is duller	alanıqı tunakıraqdıtheirs is duller
intensifier — very	meniki bek tunakıdımine is very dull	seniki bek tunakıdıyours is very dull	anıqı bek tunakıdıhis is very dull	bizniki bek tunakıdıours is very dull	sizniki bek tunakıdıyours (pl.) is very dull	alanıqı bek tunakıdıtheirs is very dull
superlative — most	meniki em tunakıdımine is the dullest	seniki em tunakıdıyours is the dullest	anıqı em tunakıdıhis is the dullest	bizniki em tunakıdıours is the dullest	sizniki em tunakıdıyours (pl.) is the dullest	alanıqı em tunakıdıtheirs is the dullest

Several things

Several things — tunakı
Degree	menikilemine	senikileyours	anıqılahis / hers	biznikileours	siznikileyours (pl.)	alanıqılatheirs
base form	menikile tunakıdılamine are dull	senikile tunakıdılayours are dull	anıqıla tunakıdılahis are dull	biznikile tunakıdılaours are dull	siznikile tunakıdılayours (pl.) are dull	alanıqıla tunakıdılatheirs are dull
comparative — more	menikile tunakıraqdılamine are duller	senikile tunakıraqdılayours are duller	anıqıla tunakıraqdılahis are duller	biznikile tunakıraqdılaours are duller	siznikile tunakıraqdılayours (pl.) are duller	alanıqıla tunakıraqdılatheirs are duller
intensifier — very	menikile bek tunakıdılamine are very dull	senikile bek tunakıdılayours are very dull	anıqıla bek tunakıdılahis are very dull	biznikile bek tunakıdılaours are very dull	siznikile bek tunakıdılayours (pl.) are very dull	alanıqıla bek tunakıdılatheirs are very dull
superlative — most	menikile em tunakıdılamine are the dullest	senikile em tunakıdılayours are the dullest	anıqıla em tunakıdılahis are the dullest	biznikile em tunakıdılaours are the dullest	siznikile em tunakıdılayours (pl.) are the dullest	alanıqıla em tunakıdılatheirs are the dullest

Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu tunakıdı, bıla tunakıdıla. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".