topuldatırğa
/topuldatɯrʁa/
1. beat, flog, whip, spank — Usually suggests a fairly light beating, as of a child.
- qılıqsıznı topuldatırğa — to spank a naughty child
- atası qılıqsıznı topuldatdı — his father spanked the naughty child
- anı topuldatmağız — don't beat him
- men seni topuldatırma — I will beat you
2. churn butter in a skin bag, shake a skin bag — Used with the skin bag (gıbıt) in which butter is churned: gıbıtnı topuldatırğa. one source
- gıbıtnı topuldatırğa — to churn the skin bag
- ana gıbıtnı topuldatadı — mother is churning the skin bag
- biz gıbıtnı topuldatdıq — we churned the skin bag
- gıbıtnı kim topuldatadı? — who is churning the skin bag?
Conjugation
Common forms
- topuldatadıhe is beating
- topuldatdıhe beat
- topuldathandıhe has beaten
- topuldatırhe will beat
- topuldatırıqdıhe is going to beat
- topuldata edihe was beating
- topuldatsaif he beats
- topuldat!beat!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentopuldatamaI am beating | sentopuldatasayou are beating | oltopuldatadıhe is beating | biztopuldatabızwe are beating | siztopuldatasızyou all are beating | alatopuldatadılathey are beating |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentopuldatmaymaI am not beating | sentopuldatmaysayou are not beating | oltopuldatmaydıhe is not beating | biztopuldatmaybızwe are not beating | siztopuldatmaysızyou all are not beating | alatopuldatmaydılathey are not beating |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentopuldatamamı? topuldatamıma?am I beating? | sentopuldatamısa?are you beating? | oltopuldatamıdı?is he beating? | biztopuldatabızmı? topuldatamıbız?are we beating? | siztopuldatamısız?are you all beating? | alatopuldatamıdıla?are they beating? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentopuldatmaymamı? topuldatmaymıma?aren't I beating? | sentopuldatmaymısa?aren't you beating? | oltopuldatmaymıdı?isn't he beating? | biztopuldatmaybızmı? topuldatmaymıbız?aren't we beating? | siztopuldatmaymısız?aren't you all beating? | alatopuldatmaymıdıla?aren't they beating? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentopuldatıwçanmaI usually beat | sentopuldatıwçansayou usually beat | oltopuldatıwçandıhe usually beats | biztopuldatıwçanbızwe usually beat | siztopuldatıwçansızyou all usually beat | alatopuldatıwçandılathey usually beat |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentopuldatmawçanmaI usually don't beat | sentopuldatmawçansayou usually don't beat | oltopuldatmawçandıhe usually doesn't beat | biztopuldatmawçanbızwe usually don't beat | siztopuldatmawçansızyou all usually don't beat | alatopuldatmawçandılathey usually don't beat |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentopuldatıwçanmamı? topuldatıwçanmıma?do I usually beat? | sentopuldatıwçanmısa?do you usually beat? | oltopuldatıwçanmıdı?does he usually beat? | biztopuldatıwçanbızmı? topuldatıwçanmıbız?do we usually beat? | siztopuldatıwçanmısız?do you all usually beat? | alatopuldatıwçanmıdıla?do they usually beat? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentopuldatmawçanmamı? topuldatmawçanmıma?do I usually not beat? | sentopuldatmawçanmısa?do you usually not beat? | oltopuldatmawçanmıdı?does he usually not beat? | biztopuldatmawçanbızmı? topuldatmawçanmıbız?do we usually not beat? | siztopuldatmawçanmısız?do you all usually not beat? | alatopuldatmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not beat? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltopuldatıbdıhe has beaten and remains so | alatopuldatıbdılathey have beaten and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltopuldatıbmıdı?has he beaten? | alatopuldatıbmıdıla?have they beaten? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentopuldatıb turamaI keep beating | sentopuldatıb turasayou keep beating | oltopuldatıb turadıhe keeps beating | biztopuldatıb turabızwe keep beating | siztopuldatıb turasızyou all keep beating | alatopuldatıb turadılathey keep beating |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentopuldatıb turmaymaI don't keep beating | sentopuldatıb turmaysayou don't keep beating | oltopuldatıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep beating | biztopuldatıb turmaybızwe don't keep beating | siztopuldatıb turmaysızyou all don't keep beating | alatopuldatıb turmaydılathey don't keep beating |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentopuldatıb turamamı? topuldatıb turamıma?do I keep beating? | sentopuldatıb turamısa?do you keep beating? | oltopuldatıb turamıdı?does he keep beating? | biztopuldatıb turabızmı? topuldatıb turamıbız?do we keep beating? | siztopuldatıb turamısız?do you all keep beating? | alatopuldatıb turamıdıla?do they keep beating? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentopuldatıb turmaymamı? topuldatıb turmaymıma?don't I keep beating? | sentopuldatıb turmaymısa?don't you keep beating? | oltopuldatıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep beating? | biztopuldatıb turmaybızmı? topuldatıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep beating? | siztopuldatıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep beating? | alatopuldatıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep beating? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentopuldata turamaI am in the middle of beating | sentopuldata turasayou are in the middle of beating | oltopuldata turadıhe is in the middle of beating | biztopuldata turabızwe are in the middle of beating | siztopuldata turasızyou all are in the middle of beating | alatopuldata turadılathey are in the middle of beating |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentopuldata turmaymaI am not in the middle of beating | sentopuldata turmaysayou are not in the middle of beating | oltopuldata turmaydıhe is not in the middle of beating | biztopuldata turmaybızwe are not in the middle of beating | siztopuldata turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of beating | alatopuldata turmaydılathey are not in the middle of beating |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentopuldata turamamı? topuldata turamıma?am I in the middle of beating? | sentopuldata turamısa?are you in the middle of beating? | oltopuldata turamıdı?is he in the middle of beating? | biztopuldata turabızmı? topuldata turamıbız?are we in the middle of beating? | siztopuldata turamısız?are you all in the middle of beating? | alatopuldata turamıdıla?are they in the middle of beating? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentopuldata turmaymamı? topuldata turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of beating? | sentopuldata turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of beating? | oltopuldata turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of beating? | biztopuldata turmaybızmı? topuldata turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of beating? | siztopuldata turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of beating? | alatopuldata turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of beating? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentopuldatdımI beat | sentopuldatdıŋyou beat | oltopuldatdıhe beat | biztopuldatdıqwe beat | siztopuldatdığızyou all beat | alatopuldatdılathey beat |
| Simple past (definite) | mentopuldatmadımI didn't beat | sentopuldatmadıŋyou didn't beat | oltopuldatmadıhe didn't beat | biztopuldatmadıqwe didn't beat | siztopuldatmadığızyou all didn't beat | alatopuldatmadılathey didn't beat |
| Simple past (definite) | mentopuldatdımmı?did I beat? | sentopuldatdıŋmı?did you beat? | oltopuldatdımı?did he beat? | biztopuldatdıqmı?did we beat? | siztopuldatdığızmı?did you all beat? | alatopuldatdılamı?did they beat? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentopuldatmadımmı?didn't I beat? | sentopuldatmadıŋmı?didn't you beat? | oltopuldatmadımı?didn't he beat? | biztopuldatmadıqmı?didn't we beat? | siztopuldatmadığızmı?didn't you all beat? | alatopuldatmadılamı?didn't they beat? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentopuldathanmaI have beaten | sentopuldathansayou have beaten | oltopuldathandıhe has beaten | biztopuldathanbızwe have beaten | siztopuldathansızyou all have beaten | alatopuldathandılathey have beaten |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentopuldatmağanmaI haven't beaten | sentopuldatmağansayou haven't beaten | oltopuldatmağandıhe hasn't beaten | biztopuldatmağanbızwe haven't beaten | siztopuldatmağansızyou all haven't beaten | alatopuldatmağandılathey haven't beaten |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentopuldathanmamı? topuldathanmıma?have I beaten? | sentopuldathanmısa?have you beaten? | oltopuldathanmıdı?has he beaten? | biztopuldathanbızmı? topuldathanmıbız?have we beaten? | siztopuldathanmısız?have you all beaten? | alatopuldathanmıdıla?have they beaten? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentopuldatmağanmamı? topuldatmağanmıma?haven't I beaten? | sentopuldatmağanmısa?haven't you beaten? | oltopuldatmağanmıdı?hasn't he beaten? | biztopuldatmağanbızmı? topuldatmağanmıbız?haven't we beaten? | siztopuldatmağanmısız?haven't you all beaten? | alatopuldatmağanmıdıla?haven't they beaten? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentopuldatıb turdumI kept beating | sentopuldatıb turduŋyou kept beating | oltopuldatıb turduhe kept beating | biztopuldatıb turduqwe kept beating | siztopuldatıb turduğuzyou all kept beating | alatopuldatıb turdulathey kept beating |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentopuldatıb turmadımI didn't keep beating | sentopuldatıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep beating | oltopuldatıb turmadıhe didn't keep beating | biztopuldatıb turmadıqwe didn't keep beating | siztopuldatıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep beating | alatopuldatıb turmadılathey didn't keep beating |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentopuldatırmaI will beat | sentopuldatırsayou will beat | oltopuldatırhe will beat | biztopuldatırbızwe will beat | siztopuldatırsızyou all will beat | alatopuldatırlathey will beat |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentopuldatmazmaI won't beat | sentopuldatmazsayou won't beat | oltopuldatmazhe won't beat | biztopuldatmazbızwe won't beat | siztopuldatmazsızyou all won't beat | alatopuldatmazlathey won't beat |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentopuldatırmamı? topuldatırmıma?will I beat? | sentopuldatırmısa?will you beat? | oltopuldatırmı?will he beat? | biztopuldatırbızmı? topuldatırmıbız?will we beat? | siztopuldatırmısız?will you all beat? | alatopuldatırlamı? topuldatırmıla?will they beat? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentopuldatmazmamı? topuldatmazmıma?won't I beat? | sentopuldatmazmısa?won't you beat? | oltopuldatmazmı?won't he beat? | biztopuldatmazbızmı? topuldatmazmıbız?won't we beat? | siztopuldatmazmısız?won't you all beat? | alatopuldatmazlamı? topuldatmazmıla?won't they beat? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentopuldatırıqmaI am going to beat | sentopuldatırıqsayou are going to beat | oltopuldatırıqdıhe is going to beat | biztopuldatırıqbızwe are going to beat | siztopuldatırıqsızyou all are going to beat | alatopuldatırıqdılathey are going to beat |
| Definite future (future II) | mentopuldatırıq tülmeI am not going to beat | sentopuldatırıq tülseyou are not going to beat | oltopuldatırıq tüldühe is not going to beat | biztopuldatırıq tülbüzwe are not going to beat | siztopuldatırıq tülsüzyou all are not going to beat | alatopuldatırıq tüldülethey are not going to beat |
| Definite future (future II) | mentopuldatırıqmamı? topuldatırıqmıma?am I going to beat? | sentopuldatırıqmısa?are you going to beat? | oltopuldatırıqmıdı?is he going to beat? | biztopuldatırıqbızmı? topuldatırıqmıbız?are we going to beat? | siztopuldatırıqmısız?are you all going to beat? | alatopuldatırıqmıdıla?are they going to beat? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentopuldatırıq tülmüme?aren't I going to beat? | sentopuldatırıq tülmüse?aren't you going to beat? | oltopuldatırıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to beat? | biztopuldatırıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to beat? | siztopuldatırıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to beat? | alatopuldatırıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to beat? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentopuldathan edimtopuldathanemI had beaten | sentopuldathan ediŋtopuldathaneŋyou had beaten | oltopuldathan editopuldathanedhe had beaten | biztopuldathan ediktopuldathanekwe had beaten | siztopuldathan edigiztopuldathanegizyou all had beaten | alatopuldathan ediletopuldathanellethey had beaten |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentopuldatmağan edimtopuldatmağanemI hadn't beaten | sentopuldatmağan ediŋtopuldatmağaneŋyou hadn't beaten | oltopuldatmağan editopuldatmağanedhe hadn't beaten | biztopuldatmağan ediktopuldatmağanekwe hadn't beaten | siztopuldatmağan edigiztopuldatmağanegizyou all hadn't beaten | alatopuldatmağan ediletopuldatmağanellethey hadn't beaten |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentopuldata edimtopuldataemI was beating | sentopuldata ediŋtopuldataeŋyou were beating | oltopuldata editopuldataedhe was beating | biztopuldata ediktopuldataekwe were beating | siztopuldata edigiztopuldataegizyou all were beating | alatopuldata ediletopuldataellethey were beating |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentopuldatmay edimtopuldatmayemI wasn't beating | sentopuldatmay ediŋtopuldatmayeŋyou weren't beating | oltopuldatmay editopuldatmayedhe wasn't beating | biztopuldatmay ediktopuldatmayekwe weren't beating | siztopuldatmay edigiztopuldatmayegizyou all weren't beating | alatopuldatmay ediletopuldatmayellethey weren't beating |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mentopuldatıwçan edimtopuldatıwçanemI used to beat | sentopuldatıwçan ediŋtopuldatıwçaneŋyou used to beat | oltopuldatıwçan editopuldatıwçanedhe used to beat | biztopuldatıwçan ediktopuldatıwçanekwe used to beat | siztopuldatıwçan edigiztopuldatıwçanegizyou all used to beat | alatopuldatıwçan ediletopuldatıwçanellethey used to beat |
| Habitual past (used to) | mentopuldatmawçan edimtopuldatmawçanemI didn't use to beat | sentopuldatmawçan ediŋtopuldatmawçaneŋyou didn't use to beat | oltopuldatmawçan editopuldatmawçanedhe didn't use to beat | biztopuldatmawçan ediktopuldatmawçanekwe didn't use to beat | siztopuldatmawçan edigiztopuldatmawçanegizyou all didn't use to beat | alatopuldatmawçan ediletopuldatmawçanellethey didn't use to beat |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltopuldatıb edihe had beaten and remained so | alatopuldatıb edilethey had beaten and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltopuldatıb tül edihe hadn't beaten | alatopuldatıb tül edilethey hadn't beaten | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentopuldatıb tura edimtopuldatıb turaemI had kept beating | sentopuldatıb tura ediŋtopuldatıb turaeŋyou had kept beating | oltopuldatıb tura editopuldatıb turaedhe had kept beating | biztopuldatıb tura ediktopuldatıb turaekwe had kept beating | siztopuldatıb tura edigiztopuldatıb turaegizyou all had kept beating | alatopuldatıb tura ediletopuldatıb turaellethey had kept beating |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentopuldatıb turmay edimtopuldatıb turmayemI hadn't kept beating | sentopuldatıb turmay ediŋtopuldatıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept beating | oltopuldatıb turmay editopuldatıb turmayedhe hadn't kept beating | biztopuldatıb turmay ediktopuldatıb turmayekwe hadn't kept beating | siztopuldatıb turmay edigiztopuldatıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept beating | alatopuldatıb turmay ediletopuldatıb turmayellethey hadn't kept beating |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentopuldata tura edimtopuldata turaemI was in the middle of beating | sentopuldata tura ediŋtopuldata turaeŋyou were in the middle of beating | oltopuldata tura editopuldata turaedhe was in the middle of beating | biztopuldata tura ediktopuldata turaekwe were in the middle of beating | siztopuldata tura edigiztopuldata turaegizyou all were in the middle of beating | alatopuldata tura ediletopuldata turaellethey were in the middle of beating |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentopuldata turmay edimtopuldata turmayemI wasn't in the middle of beating | sentopuldata turmay ediŋtopuldata turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of beating | oltopuldata turmay editopuldata turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of beating | biztopuldata turmay ediktopuldata turmayekwe weren't in the middle of beating | siztopuldata turmay edigiztopuldata turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of beating | alatopuldata turmay ediletopuldata turmayellethey weren't in the middle of beating |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mentopuldatır edimtopuldatır emI would beat | sentopuldatır ediŋtopuldatır eŋyou would beat | oltopuldatır editopuldatır edhe would beat | biztopuldatır ediktopuldatır ekwe would beat | siztopuldatır edigiztopuldatır egizyou all would beat | alatopuldatır ediletopuldatır ellethey would beat |
| Conditional result (would) | mentopuldatmaz edimtopuldatmaz emI wouldn't beat | sentopuldatmaz ediŋtopuldatmaz eŋyou wouldn't beat | oltopuldatmaz editopuldatmaz edhe wouldn't beat | biztopuldatmaz ediktopuldatmaz ekwe wouldn't beat | siztopuldatmaz edigiztopuldatmaz egizyou all wouldn't beat | alatopuldatmaz ediletopuldatmaz ellethey wouldn't beat |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentopuldatırıq edimtopuldatırıq emI would have beaten | sentopuldatırıq ediŋtopuldatırıq eŋyou would have beaten | oltopuldatırıq editopuldatırıq edhe would have beaten | biztopuldatırıq ediktopuldatırıq ekwe would have beaten | siztopuldatırıq edigiztopuldatırıq egizyou all would have beaten | alatopuldatırıq ediletopuldatırıq ellethey would have beaten |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentopuldatırıq tül edimtopuldatırıq tül emI wouldn't have beaten | sentopuldatırıq tül ediŋtopuldatırıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have beaten | oltopuldatırıq tül editopuldatırıq tül edhe wouldn't have beaten | biztopuldatırıq tül ediktopuldatırıq tül ekwe wouldn't have beaten | siztopuldatırıq tül edigiztopuldatırıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have beaten | alatopuldatırıq tül ediletopuldatırıq tül ellethey wouldn't have beaten |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mentopuldatsamif I beat | sentopuldatsaŋif you beat | oltopuldatsaif he beats | biztopuldatsaqif we beat | siztopuldatsağızif you all beat | alatopuldatsalaif they beat |
| Conditional | mentopuldatmasamif I don't beat | sentopuldatmasaŋif you don't beat | oltopuldatmasaif he doesn't beat | biztopuldatmasaqif we don't beat | siztopuldatmasağızif you all don't beat | alatopuldatmasalaif they don't beat |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mentopuldata esemif I am beating | sentopuldata eseŋif you are beating | oltopuldata eseif he is beating | biztopuldata esekif we are beating | siztopuldata esegizif you all are beating | alatopuldata eseleif they are beating |
| Conditional, present real | mentopuldatmay esemif I am not beating | sentopuldatmay eseŋif you are not beating | oltopuldatmay eseif he is not beating | biztopuldatmay esekif we are not beating | siztopuldatmay esegizif you all are not beating | alatopuldatmay eseleif they are not beating |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentopuldatsam editopuldatsam edif only I beat | sentopuldatsaŋ editopuldatsaŋ edif only you beat | oltopuldatsa editopuldatsaedif only he beat | biztopuldatsaq editopuldatsaq edif only we beat | siztopuldatsağız editopuldatsağız edif only you all beat | alatopuldatsala editopuldatsalaedif only they beat |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentopuldatmasam editopuldatmasam edif only I didn't beat | sentopuldatmasaŋ editopuldatmasaŋ edif only you didn't beat | oltopuldatmasa editopuldatmasaedif only he didn't beat | biztopuldatmasaq editopuldatmasaq edif only we didn't beat | siztopuldatmasağız editopuldatmasağız edif only you all didn't beat | alatopuldatmasala editopuldatmasalaedif only they didn't beat |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mentopuldatıb tursamif I carry on beating | sentopuldatıb tursaŋif you carry on beating | oltopuldatıb tursaif he carries on beating | biztopuldatıb tursaqif we carry on beating | siztopuldatıb tursağızif you all carry on beating | alatopuldatıb tursalaif they carry on beating |
| Durative conditional | mentopuldatıb turmasamif I don't carry on beating | sentopuldatıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on beating | oltopuldatıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on beating | biztopuldatıb turmasaqif we don't carry on beating | siztopuldatıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on beating | alatopuldatıb turmasalaif they don't carry on beating |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mentopuldatıb tura esemif I have kept beating | sentopuldatıb tura eseŋif you have kept beating | oltopuldatıb tura eseif he has kept beating | biztopuldatıb tura esekif we have kept beating | siztopuldatıb tura esegizif you all have kept beating | alatopuldatıb tura eseleif they have kept beating |
| Durative conditional, present real | mentopuldatıb turmay esemif I haven't kept beating | sentopuldatıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept beating | oltopuldatıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept beating | biztopuldatıb turmay esekif we haven't kept beating | siztopuldatıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept beating | alatopuldatıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept beating |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mentopuldata tursamif I keep beating | sentopuldata tursaŋif you keep beating | oltopuldata tursaif he keeps beating | biztopuldata tursaqif we keep beating | siztopuldata tursağızif you all keep beating | alatopuldata tursalaif they keep beating |
| Progressive conditional | mentopuldatmay tursamif I keep on not beating | sentopuldatmay tursaŋif you keep on not beating | oltopuldatmay tursaif he keeps on not beating | biztopuldatmay tursaqif we keep on not beating | siztopuldatmay tursağızif you all keep on not beating | alatopuldatmay tursalaif they keep on not beating |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentopuldata tura esemif I am in the middle of beating | sentopuldata tura eseŋif you are in the middle of beating | oltopuldata tura eseif he is in the middle of beating | biztopuldata tura esekif we are in the middle of beating | siztopuldata tura esegizif you all are in the middle of beating | alatopuldata tura eseleif they are in the middle of beating |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentopuldatmay tura esemif I keep on not beating | sentopuldatmay tura eseŋif you keep on not beating | oltopuldatmay tura eseif he keeps on not beating | biztopuldatmay tura esekif we keep on not beating | siztopuldatmay tura esegizif you all keep on not beating | alatopuldatmay tura eseleif they keep on not beating |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentopuldatdım esemif I beat | sentopuldatdıŋ eseŋif you beat | oltopuldatdı eseif he beat | biztopuldatdıq esekif we beat | siztopuldatdığız esegizif you all beat | alatopuldatdıla eseleif they beat |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentopuldatmadım esemif I didn't beat | sentopuldatmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't beat | oltopuldatmadı eseif he didn't beat | biztopuldatmadıq esekif we didn't beat | siztopuldatmadığız esegizif you all didn't beat | alatopuldatmadıla eseleif they didn't beat |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mentopuldathan esemif I did beat (indeed) | sentopuldathan eseŋif you did beat (indeed) | oltopuldathan eseif he did beat (indeed) | biztopuldathan esekif we did beat (indeed) | siztopuldathan esegizif you all did beat (indeed) | alatopuldathan eseleif they did beat (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mentopuldatmağan esemif I didn't beat (indeed) | sentopuldatmağan eseŋif you didn't beat (indeed) | oltopuldatmağan eseif he didn't beat (indeed) | biztopuldatmağan esekif we didn't beat (indeed) | siztopuldatmağan esegizif you all didn't beat (indeed) | alatopuldatmağan eseleif they didn't beat (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentopuldathan bolsamif I had beaten | sentopuldathan bolsaŋif you had beaten | oltopuldathan bolsaif he had beaten | biztopuldathan bolsaqif we had beaten | siztopuldathan bolsağızif you all had beaten | alatopuldathan bolsalaif they had beaten |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentopuldatmağan bolsamif I hadn't beaten | sentopuldatmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't beaten | oltopuldatmağan bolsaif he hadn't beaten | biztopuldatmağan bolsaqif we hadn't beaten | siztopuldatmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't beaten | alatopuldatmağan bolsalaif they hadn't beaten |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentopuldathan bolsam editopuldathan bolsam edif only I had beaten | sentopuldathan bolsaŋ editopuldathan bolsaŋ edif only you had beaten | oltopuldathan bolsa editopuldathan bolsaedif only he had beaten | biztopuldathan bolsaq editopuldathan bolsaq edif only we had beaten | siztopuldathan bolsağız editopuldathan bolsağız edif only you all had beaten | alatopuldathan bolsala editopuldathan bolsalaedif only they had beaten |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentopuldatmağan bolsam editopuldatmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't beaten | sentopuldatmağan bolsaŋ editopuldatmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't beaten | oltopuldatmağan bolsa editopuldatmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't beaten | biztopuldatmağan bolsaq editopuldatmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't beaten | siztopuldatmağan bolsağız editopuldatmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't beaten | alatopuldatmağan bolsala editopuldatmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't beaten |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mentopuldatır esemif I will beat | sentopuldatır eseŋif you will beat | oltopuldatır eseif he will beat | biztopuldatır esekif we will beat | siztopuldatır esegizif you all will beat | alatopuldatır eseleif they will beat |
| Conditional, aorist | mentopuldatmaz esemif I won't beat | sentopuldatmaz eseŋif you won't beat | oltopuldatmaz eseif he won't beat | biztopuldatmaz esekif we won't beat | siztopuldatmaz esegizif you all won't beat | alatopuldatmaz eseleif they won't beat |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mentopuldatırıq esemif I am going to beat | sentopuldatırıq eseŋif you are going to beat | oltopuldatırıq eseif he is going to beat | biztopuldatırıq esekif we are going to beat | siztopuldatırıq esegizif you all are going to beat | alatopuldatırıq eseleif they are going to beat |
| Conditional, future | mentopuldatırıq tül esemif I am not going to beat | sentopuldatırıq tül eseŋif you are not going to beat | oltopuldatırıq tül eseif he is not going to beat | biztopuldatırıq tül esekif we are not going to beat | siztopuldatırıq tül esegizif you all are not going to beat | alatopuldatırıq tül eseleif they are not going to beat |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentopuldatırıq bolsamif I were going to beat | sentopuldatırıq bolsaŋif you were going to beat | oltopuldatırıq bolsaif he were going to beat | biztopuldatırıq bolsaqif we were going to beat | siztopuldatırıq bolsağızif you all were going to beat | alatopuldatırıq bolsalaif they were going to beat |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentopuldatmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to beat | sentopuldatmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to beat | oltopuldatmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to beat | biztopuldatmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to beat | siztopuldatmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to beat | alatopuldatmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to beat |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso topuldatdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentopuldata bolurmaI must be beating | sentopuldata bolursayou must be beating | oltopuldata bolurhe must be beating | biztopuldata bolurbuzwe must be beating | siztopuldata bolursuzyou all must be beating | alatopuldata bolurlathey must be beating |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentopuldatmay bolurmaI must not be beating | sentopuldatmay bolursayou must not be beating | oltopuldatmay bolurhe must not be beating | biztopuldatmay bolurbuzwe must not be beating | siztopuldatmay bolursuzyou all must not be beating | alatopuldatmay bolurlathey must not be beating |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentopuldata tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of beating | sentopuldata tura bolursayou must be in the middle of beating | oltopuldata tura bolurhe must be in the middle of beating | biztopuldata tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of beating | siztopuldata tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of beating | alatopuldata tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of beating |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentopuldatmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not beating | sentopuldatmay tura bolursayou must keep on not beating | oltopuldatmay tura bolurhe must keep on not beating | biztopuldatmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not beating | siztopuldatmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not beating | alatopuldatmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not beating |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mentopuldathan bolurmaI must have beaten | sentopuldathan bolursayou must have beaten | oltopuldathan bolurhe must have beaten | biztopuldathan bolurbuzwe must have beaten | siztopuldathan bolursuzyou all must have beaten | alatopuldathan bolurlathey must have beaten |
| Inference (must have) | mentopuldatmağan bolurmaI must not have beaten | sentopuldatmağan bolursayou must not have beaten | oltopuldatmağan bolurhe must not have beaten | biztopuldatmağan bolurbuzwe must not have beaten | siztopuldatmağan bolursuzyou all must not have beaten | alatopuldatmağan bolurlathey must not have beaten |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentopuldatırıq bolurmaI must be going to beat | sentopuldatırıq bolursayou must be going to beat | oltopuldatırıq bolurhe must be going to beat | biztopuldatırıq bolurbuzwe must be going to beat | siztopuldatırıq bolursuzyou all must be going to beat | alatopuldatırıq bolurlathey must be going to beat |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentopuldatmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to beat | sentopuldatmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to beat | oltopuldatmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to beat | biztopuldatmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to beat | siztopuldatmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to beat | alatopuldatmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to beat |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mentopuldatayımlet me beat | sentopuldat!beat! | oltopuldatsınlet him beat | biztopuldatayıqlet's beat | siztopuldatığız!beat, you all! | alatopuldatsınlalet them beat |
| Commands & suggestions | mentopuldatmayımlet me not beat | sentopuldatma!don't beat! | oltopuldatmasınlet him not beat | biztopuldatmayıqlet's not beat | siztopuldatmağız!don't beat, you all! | alatopuldatmasınlalet them not beat |
| Commands & suggestions | mentopuldatayımmı?shall I beat? | oltopuldatsınmı?should he beat? | biztopuldatayıqmı?shall we beat? | alatopuldatsınlamı?should they beat? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mentopuldatmayımmı?shall I not beat? | oltopuldatmasınmı?should he not beat? | biztopuldatmayıqmı?shall we not beat? | alatopuldatmasınlamı?should they not beat? | ||
| Requests | sentopuldatçı2topuldatçınplease beat | oltopuldatsınçıdo let him beat | siztopuldatçığızplease beat (plural/polite) | alatopuldatsınlaçıdo let them beat | ||
| Requests | sentopuldatmaçı2topuldatmaçınplease don't beat | oltopuldatmasınçıdo let him not beat | siztopuldatmaçığızplease don't beat (plural/polite) | alatopuldatmasınlaçıdo let them not beat | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentopuldathıntopuldathımay you beat | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentopuldatmağıntopuldatmağımay you not beat | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentopuldathay edim topuldatha edimwould that I beat | sentopuldathay ediŋ topuldatha ediŋwould that you beat | oltopuldathay edi topuldatha ediwould that he beat | biztopuldathay edik topuldatha edikwould that we beat | siztopuldathay edigiz topuldatha edigizwould that you all beat | alatopuldathay edile topuldatha edilewould that they beat |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentopuldatmağay edim topuldatmağa edimwould that I did not beat | sentopuldatmağay ediŋ topuldatmağa ediŋwould that you did not beat | oltopuldatmağay edi topuldatmağa ediwould that he did not beat | biztopuldatmağay edik topuldatmağa edikwould that we did not beat | siztopuldatmağay edigiz topuldatmağa edigizwould that you all did not beat | alatopuldatmağay edile topuldatmağa edilewould that they did not beat |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentopuldatmağa qoyayımtopuldatma qoyayımlet me allow someone to beat | sentopuldatmağa qoy!topuldatma qoy!let someone beat! | oltopuldatmağa qoysuntopuldatma qoysunlet him allow someone to beat | biztopuldatmağa qoyayıqtopuldatma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to beat | siztopuldatmağa qoyuğuz!topuldatma qoyuğuz!let someone beat, you all! | alatopuldatmağa qoysunlatopuldatma qoysunlalet them allow someone to beat |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentopuldatmağa qoymayımtopuldatma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to beat | sentopuldatmağa qoyma!topuldatma qoyma!don't let someone beat! | oltopuldatmağa qoymasıntopuldatma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to beat | biztopuldatmağa qoymayıqtopuldatma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to beat | siztopuldatmağa qoymağız!topuldatma qoymağız!don't let someone beat, you all! | alatopuldatmağa qoymasınlatopuldatma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to beat |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentopuldatmağa qoyayımmı?topuldatma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to beat? | oltopuldatmağa qoysunmu?topuldatma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to beat? | biztopuldatmağa qoyayıqmı?topuldatma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to beat? | alatopuldatmağa qoysunlamı?topuldatma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to beat? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentopuldatmağa qoymayımmı?topuldatma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to beat? | oltopuldatmağa qoymasınmı?topuldatma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to beat? | biztopuldatmağa qoymayıqmı?topuldatma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to beat? | alatopuldatmağa qoymasınlamı?topuldatma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to beat? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mentopuldatmağa qoyamatopuldatma qoyamaI allow someone to beat | sentopuldatmağa qoyasatopuldatma qoyasayou allow someone to beat | oltopuldatmağa qoyadıtopuldatma qoyadıhe allows someone to beat | biztopuldatmağa qoyabıztopuldatma qoyabızwe allow someone to beat | siztopuldatmağa qoyasıztopuldatma qoyasızyou all allow someone to beat | alatopuldatmağa qoyadılatopuldatma qoyadılathey allow someone to beat |
| Let someone… (present) | mentopuldatmağa qoymaymatopuldatma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to beat | sentopuldatmağa qoymaysatopuldatma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to beat | oltopuldatmağa qoymaydıtopuldatma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to beat | biztopuldatmağa qoymaybıztopuldatma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to beat | siztopuldatmağa qoymaysıztopuldatma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to beat | alatopuldatmağa qoymaydılatopuldatma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to beat |
| Let someone… (present) | mentopuldatmağa qoyamamı?topuldatma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to beat? | sentopuldatmağa qoyamısa?topuldatma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to beat? | oltopuldatmağa qoyamıdı?topuldatma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to beat? | biztopuldatmağa qoyabızmı?topuldatma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to beat? | siztopuldatmağa qoyamısız?topuldatma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to beat? | alatopuldatmağa qoyamıdıla?topuldatma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to beat? |
| Let someone… (present) | mentopuldatmağa qoymaymamı?topuldatma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to beat? | sentopuldatmağa qoymaymısa?topuldatma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to beat? | oltopuldatmağa qoymaymıdı?topuldatma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to beat? | biztopuldatmağa qoymaybızmı?topuldatma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to beat? | siztopuldatmağa qoymaymısız?topuldatma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to beat? | alatopuldatmağa qoymaymıdıla?topuldatma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to beat? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentopuldatmağa qoydumtopuldatma qoydumI allowed someone to beat | sentopuldatmağa qoyduŋtopuldatma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to beat | oltopuldatmağa qoydutopuldatma qoyduhe allowed someone to beat | biztopuldatmağa qoyduqtopuldatma qoyduqwe allowed someone to beat | siztopuldatmağa qoyduğuztopuldatma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to beat | alatopuldatmağa qoydulatopuldatma qoydulathey allowed someone to beat |
| Let someone… (past) | mentopuldatmağa qoymadımtopuldatma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to beat | sentopuldatmağa qoymadıŋtopuldatma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to beat | oltopuldatmağa qoymadıtopuldatma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to beat | biztopuldatmağa qoymadıqtopuldatma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to beat | siztopuldatmağa qoymadığıztopuldatma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to beat | alatopuldatmağa qoymadılatopuldatma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to beat |
| Let someone… (past) | mentopuldatmağa qoydummu?topuldatma qoydummu?did I allow someone to beat? | sentopuldatmağa qoyduŋmu?topuldatma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to beat? | oltopuldatmağa qoydumu?topuldatma qoydumu?did he allow someone to beat? | biztopuldatmağa qoyduqmu?topuldatma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to beat? | siztopuldatmağa qoyduğuzmu?topuldatma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to beat? | alatopuldatmağa qoydulamı?topuldatma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to beat? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentopuldatmağa qoymadımmı?topuldatma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to beat? | sentopuldatmağa qoymadıŋmı?topuldatma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to beat? | oltopuldatmağa qoymadımı?topuldatma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to beat? | biztopuldatmağa qoymadıqmı?topuldatma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to beat? | siztopuldatmağa qoymadığızmı?topuldatma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to beat? | alatopuldatmağa qoymadılamı?topuldatma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to beat? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
topuldatalırğa be able to beat · topuldatalmazğa be unable to beat
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mentopuldatalamaI can beat | sentopuldatalasayou can beat | oltopuldataladıhe can beat | biztopuldatalabızwe can beat | siztopuldatalasızyou all can beat | alatopuldataladılathey can beat |
| Ability — present | mentopuldatalmaymaI can't beat | sentopuldatalmaysayou can't beat | oltopuldatalmaydıhe can't beat | biztopuldatalmaybızwe can't beat | siztopuldatalmaysızyou all can't beat | alatopuldatalmaydılathey can't beat |
| Ability — present | mentopuldatalamamı? topuldatalamıma?can I beat? | sentopuldatalamısa?can you beat? | oltopuldatalamıdı?can he beat? | biztopuldatalabızmı? topuldatalamıbız?can we beat? | siztopuldatalamısız?can you all beat? | alatopuldatalamıdıla?can they beat? |
| Ability — present | mentopuldatalmaymamı? topuldatalmaymıma?can't I beat? | sentopuldatalmaymısa?can't you beat? | oltopuldatalmaymıdı?can't he beat? | biztopuldatalmaybızmı? topuldatalmaymıbız?can't we beat? | siztopuldatalmaymısız?can't you all beat? | alatopuldatalmaymıdıla?can't they beat? |
| Ability — if I can… | mentopuldatalsamif I can beat | sentopuldatalsaŋif you can beat | oltopuldatalsaif he can beat | biztopuldatalsaqif we can beat | siztopuldatalsağızif you all can beat | alatopuldatalsalaif they can beat |
| Ability — if I can… | mentopuldatalmasamif I can't beat | sentopuldatalmasaŋif you can't beat | oltopuldatalmasaif he can't beat | biztopuldatalmasaqif we can't beat | siztopuldatalmasağızif you all can't beat | alatopuldatalmasalaif they can't beat |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mentopuldataldımI was able to beat | sentopuldataldıŋyou were able to beat | oltopuldataldıhe was able to beat | biztopuldataldıqwe were able to beat | siztopuldataldığızyou all were able to beat | alatopuldataldılathey were able to beat |
| Ability — simple past | mentopuldatalmadımI could not beat | sentopuldatalmadıŋyou could not beat | oltopuldatalmadıhe could not beat | biztopuldatalmadıqwe could not beat | siztopuldatalmadığızyou all could not beat | alatopuldatalmadılathey could not beat |
| Ability — simple past | mentopuldataldımmı?was I able to beat? | sentopuldataldıŋmı?were you able to beat? | oltopuldataldımı?was he able to beat? | biztopuldataldıqmı?were we able to beat? | siztopuldataldığızmı?were you all able to beat? | alatopuldataldılamı?were they able to beat? |
| Ability — simple past | mentopuldatalmadımmı?couldn't I beat? | sentopuldatalmadıŋmı?couldn't you beat? | oltopuldatalmadımı?couldn't he beat? | biztopuldatalmadıqmı?couldn't we beat? | siztopuldatalmadığızmı?couldn't you all beat? | alatopuldatalmadılamı?couldn't they beat? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentopuldatalğanmaI have been able to beat | sentopuldatalğansayou have been able to beat | oltopuldatalğandıhe has been able to beat | biztopuldatalğanbızwe have been able to beat | siztopuldatalğansızyou all have been able to beat | alatopuldatalğandılathey have been able to beat |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentopuldatalmağanmaI haven't been able to beat | sentopuldatalmağansayou haven't been able to beat | oltopuldatalmağandıhe hasn't been able to beat | biztopuldatalmağanbızwe haven't been able to beat | siztopuldatalmağansızyou all haven't been able to beat | alatopuldatalmağandılathey haven't been able to beat |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentopuldatalğanmamı? topuldatalğanmıma?have I been able to beat? | sentopuldatalğanmısa?have you been able to beat? | oltopuldatalğanmıdı?has he been able to beat? | biztopuldatalğanbızmı? topuldatalğanmıbız?have we been able to beat? | siztopuldatalğanmısız?have you all been able to beat? | alatopuldatalğanmıdıla?have they been able to beat? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentopuldatalmağanmamı? topuldatalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to beat? | sentopuldatalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to beat? | oltopuldatalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to beat? | biztopuldatalmağanbızmı? topuldatalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to beat? | siztopuldatalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to beat? | alatopuldatalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to beat? |
| Ability — past perfect | mentopuldatalğan edimtopuldatalğanemI had been able to beat | sentopuldatalğan ediŋtopuldatalğaneŋyou had been able to beat | oltopuldatalğan editopuldatalğanedhe had been able to beat | biztopuldatalğan ediktopuldatalğanekwe had been able to beat | siztopuldatalğan edigiztopuldatalğanegizyou all had been able to beat | alatopuldatalğan ediletopuldatalğanellethey had been able to beat |
| Ability — past perfect | mentopuldatalmağan edimtopuldatalmağanemI hadn't been able to beat | sentopuldatalmağan ediŋtopuldatalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to beat | oltopuldatalmağan editopuldatalmağanedhe hadn't been able to beat | biztopuldatalmağan ediktopuldatalmağanekwe hadn't been able to beat | siztopuldatalmağan edigiztopuldatalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to beat | alatopuldatalmağan ediletopuldatalmağanellethey hadn't been able to beat |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mentopuldatala edimtopuldatalaemI could beat | sentopuldatala ediŋtopuldatalaeŋyou could beat | oltopuldatala editopuldatalaedhe could beat | biztopuldatala ediktopuldatalaekwe could beat | siztopuldatala edigiztopuldatalaegizyou all could beat | alatopuldatala ediletopuldatalaellethey could beat |
| Ability — past background | mentopuldatalmay edimtopuldatalmayemI could not beat | sentopuldatalmay ediŋtopuldatalmayeŋyou could not beat | oltopuldatalmay editopuldatalmayedhe could not beat | biztopuldatalmay ediktopuldatalmayekwe could not beat | siztopuldatalmay edigiztopuldatalmayegizyou all could not beat | alatopuldatalmay ediletopuldatalmayellethey could not beat |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mentopuldatalırmaI will be able to beat | sentopuldatalırsayou will be able to beat | oltopuldatalırhe will be able to beat | biztopuldatalırbızwe will be able to beat | siztopuldatalırsızyou all will be able to beat | alatopuldatalırlathey will be able to beat |
| Ability — future I | mentopuldatalmazmaI won't be able to beat | sentopuldatalmazsayou won't be able to beat | oltopuldatalmazhe won't be able to beat | biztopuldatalmazbızwe won't be able to beat | siztopuldatalmazsızyou all won't be able to beat | alatopuldatalmazlathey won't be able to beat |
| Ability — future I | mentopuldatalırmamı? topuldatalırmıma?will I be able to beat? | sentopuldatalırmısa?will you be able to beat? | oltopuldatalırmı?will he be able to beat? | biztopuldatalırbızmı? topuldatalırmıbız?will we be able to beat? | siztopuldatalırmısız?will you all be able to beat? | alatopuldatalırlamı? topuldatalırmıla?will they be able to beat? |
| Ability — future I | mentopuldatalmazmamı? topuldatalmazmıma?won't I be able to beat? | sentopuldatalmazmısa?won't you be able to beat? | oltopuldatalmazmı?won't he be able to beat? | biztopuldatalmazbızmı? topuldatalmazmıbız?won't we be able to beat? | siztopuldatalmazmısız?won't you all be able to beat? | alatopuldatalmazlamı? topuldatalmazmıla?won't they be able to beat? |
| Ability — future II | mentopuldatallıqmaI am going to be able to beat | sentopuldatallıqsayou are going to be able to beat | oltopuldatallıqdıhe is going to be able to beat | biztopuldatallıqbızwe are going to be able to beat | siztopuldatallıqsızyou all are going to be able to beat | alatopuldatallıqdılathey are going to be able to beat |
| Ability — future II | mentopuldatallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to beat | sentopuldatallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to beat | oltopuldatallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to beat | biztopuldatallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to beat | siztopuldatallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to beat | alatopuldatallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to beat |
| Ability — future II | mentopuldatallıqmamı? topuldatallıqmıma?am I going to be able to beat? | sentopuldatallıqmısa?are you going to be able to beat? | oltopuldatallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to beat? | biztopuldatallıqbızmı? topuldatallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to beat? | siztopuldatallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to beat? | alatopuldatallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to beat? |
| Ability — future II | mentopuldatallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to beat? | sentopuldatallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to beat? | oltopuldatallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to beat? | biztopuldatallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to beat? | siztopuldatallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to beat? | alatopuldatallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to beat? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentopuldatalır edimtopuldatalır emI would be able to beat | sentopuldatalır ediŋtopuldatalır eŋyou would be able to beat | oltopuldatalır editopuldatalır edhe would be able to beat | biztopuldatalır ediktopuldatalır ekwe would be able to beat | siztopuldatalır edigiztopuldatalır egizyou all would be able to beat | alatopuldatalır ediletopuldatalır ellethey would be able to beat |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentopuldatalmaz edimtopuldatalmaz emI wouldn't be able to beat | sentopuldatalmaz ediŋtopuldatalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to beat | oltopuldatalmaz editopuldatalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to beat | biztopuldatalmaz ediktopuldatalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to beat | siztopuldatalmaz edigiztopuldatalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to beat | alatopuldatalmaz ediletopuldatalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to beat |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentopuldatalğıntopuldatalğımay you be able to beat | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentopuldatalmağıntopuldatalmağımay you not be able to beat | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mentopuldatırğa izleymeI want to beat | sentopuldatırğa izleyseyou want to beat | oltopuldatırğa izleydihe wants to beat | biztopuldatırğa izleybizwe want to beat | siztopuldatırğa izleysizyou all want to beat | alatopuldatırğa izleydilethey want to beat |
| want to | mentopuldatırğa izlemeymeI do not want to beat | sentopuldatırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to beat | oltopuldatırğa izlemeydihe does not want to beat | biztopuldatırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to beat | siztopuldatırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to beat | alatopuldatırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to beat |
| would like to | mentopuldatırğa süemeI would like to beat | sentopuldatırğa süeseyou would like to beat | oltopuldatırğa süedihe would like to beat | biztopuldatırğa süebizwe would like to beat | siztopuldatırğa süesizyou all would like to beat | alatopuldatırğa süedilethey would like to beat |
| would like to | mentopuldatırğa süymeymeI would not like to beat | sentopuldatırğa süymeyseyou would not like to beat | oltopuldatırğa süymeydihe would not like to beat | biztopuldatırğa süymeybizwe would not like to beat | siztopuldatırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to beat | alatopuldatırğa süymeydilethey would not like to beat |
| hope to | mentopuldatırğa umutlanamaI hope to beat | sentopuldatırğa umutlanasayou hope to beat | oltopuldatırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to beat | biztopuldatırğa umutlanabızwe hope to beat | siztopuldatırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to beat | alatopuldatırğa umutlanadılathey hope to beat |
| hope to | mentopuldatırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to beat | sentopuldatırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to beat | oltopuldatırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to beat | biztopuldatırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to beat | siztopuldatırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to beat | alatopuldatırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to beat |
| be about to | mentopuldatırğa deb turamaI am about to beat | sentopuldatırğa deb turasayou are about to beat | oltopuldatırğa deb turadıhe is about to beat | biztopuldatırğa deb turabızwe are about to beat | siztopuldatırğa deb turasızyou all are about to beat | alatopuldatırğa deb turadılathey are about to beat |
| be about to | mentopuldatırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to beat | sentopuldatırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to beat | oltopuldatırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to beat | biztopuldatırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to beat | siztopuldatırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to beat | alatopuldatırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to beat |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mentopuldatırğa kerekmeI need to beat | sentopuldatırğa kerekseyou need to beat | oltopuldatırğa kerekdihe needs to beat | biztopuldatırğa kerekbizwe need to beat | siztopuldatırğa kereksizyou all need to beat | alatopuldatırğa kerekdilethey need to beat |
| need to | mentopuldatırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to beat | sentopuldatırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to beat | oltopuldatırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to beat | biztopuldatırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to beat | siztopuldatırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to beat | alatopuldatırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to beat |
| have to | menmenŋe topuldatırğa tüşediI have to beat | sensenŋe topuldatırğa tüşediyou have to beat | olaŋa topuldatırğa tüşedihe has to beat | bizbizge topuldatırğa tüşediwe have to beat | sizsizge topuldatırğa tüşediyou all have to beat | alaalağa topuldatırğa tüşedithey have to beat |
| have to | menmenŋe topuldatırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to beat | sensenŋe topuldatırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to beat | olaŋa topuldatırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to beat | bizbizge topuldatırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to beat | sizsizge topuldatırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to beat | alaalağa topuldatırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to beat |
| be obliged to | mentopuldatırğa borçlumaI am obliged to beat | sentopuldatırğa borçlusayou are obliged to beat | oltopuldatırğa borçluduhe is obliged to beat | biztopuldatırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to beat | siztopuldatırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to beat | alatopuldatırğa borçludulathey are obliged to beat |
| be obliged to | mentopuldatırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to beat | sentopuldatırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to beat | oltopuldatırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to beat | biztopuldatırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to beat | siztopuldatırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to beat | alatopuldatırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to beat |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mentopuldatırğa madarım bardıI have a way to beat | sentopuldatırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to beat | oltopuldatırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to beat | biztopuldatırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to beat | siztopuldatırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to beat | alatopuldatırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to beat |
| have a way to | mentopuldatırğa madarım joqduI have no way to beat | sentopuldatırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to beat | oltopuldatırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to beat | biztopuldatırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to beat | siztopuldatırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to beat | alatopuldatırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to beat |
| be free to | mentopuldatırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to beat | sentopuldatırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to beat | oltopuldatırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to beat | biztopuldatırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to beat | siztopuldatırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to beat | alatopuldatırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to beat |
| be free to | mentopuldatırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to beat | sentopuldatırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to beat | oltopuldatırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to beat | biztopuldatırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to beat | siztopuldatırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to beat | alatopuldatırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to beat |
| be possible to | menmenŋe topuldatırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to beat | sensenŋe topuldatırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to beat | olaŋa topuldatırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to beat | bizbizge topuldatırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to beat | sizsizge topuldatırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to beat | alaalağa topuldatırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to beat |
| be possible to | menmenŋe topuldatırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to beat | sensenŋe topuldatırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to beat | olaŋa topuldatırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to beat | bizbizge topuldatırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to beat | sizsizge topuldatırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to beat | alaalağa topuldatırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to beat |
| be ready to | mentopuldatırğa hazırmaI am ready to beat | sentopuldatırğa hazırsayou are ready to beat | oltopuldatırğa hazırdıhe is ready to beat | biztopuldatırğa hazırbızwe are ready to beat | siztopuldatırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to beat | alatopuldatırğa hazırdılathey are ready to beat |
| be ready to | mentopuldatırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to beat | sentopuldatırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to beat | oltopuldatırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to beat | biztopuldatırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to beat | siztopuldatırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to beat | alatopuldatırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to beat |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mentopuldatırğa küreşemeI am trying to beat | sentopuldatırğa küreşeseyou are trying to beat | oltopuldatırğa küreşedihe is trying to beat | biztopuldatırğa küreşebizwe are trying to beat | siztopuldatırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to beat | alatopuldatırğa küreşedilethey are trying to beat |
| try to | mentopuldatırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to beat | sentopuldatırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to beat | oltopuldatırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to beat | biztopuldatırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to beat | siztopuldatırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to beat | alatopuldatırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to beat |
| agree to | mentopuldatırğa unaymaI agree to beat | sentopuldatırğa unaysayou agree to beat | oltopuldatırğa unaydıhe agrees to beat | biztopuldatırğa unaybızwe agree to beat | siztopuldatırğa unaysızyou all agree to beat | alatopuldatırğa unaydılathey agree to beat |
| agree to | mentopuldatırğa unamaymaI refuse to beat | sentopuldatırğa unamaysayou refuse to beat | oltopuldatırğa unamaydıhe refuses to beat | biztopuldatırğa unamaybızwe refuse to beat | siztopuldatırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to beat | alatopuldatırğa unamaydılathey refuse to beat |
| hurry to | mentopuldatırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to beat | sentopuldatırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to beat | oltopuldatırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to beat | biztopuldatırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to beat | siztopuldatırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to beat | alatopuldatırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to beat |
| hurry to | mentopuldatırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to beat | sentopuldatırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to beat | oltopuldatırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to beat | biztopuldatırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to beat | siztopuldatırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to beat | alatopuldatırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to beat |
| be afraid to | mentopuldatırğa qorqamaI am afraid to beat | sentopuldatırğa qorqasayou are afraid to beat | oltopuldatırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to beat | biztopuldatırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to beat | siztopuldatırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to beat | alatopuldatırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to beat |
| be afraid to | mentopuldatırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to beat | sentopuldatırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to beat | oltopuldatırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to beat | biztopuldatırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to beat | siztopuldatırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to beat | alatopuldatırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to beat |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mentopuldata bolmazmaI can't be beating | sentopuldata bolmazsayou can't be beating | oltopuldata bolmazhe can't be beating | biztopuldata bolmazbızwe can't be beating | siztopuldata bolmazsızyou all can't be beating | alatopuldata bolmazlathey can't be beating |
| Inference, present — double negation | mentopuldatmay bolmazmaI must be beating (emphatic) | sentopuldatmay bolmazsayou must be beating (emphatic) | oltopuldatmay bolmazhe must be beating (emphatic) | biztopuldatmay bolmazbızwe must be beating (emphatic) | siztopuldatmay bolmazsızyou all must be beating (emphatic) | alatopuldatmay bolmazlathey must be beating (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mentopuldata turmasamif I don't keep beating | sentopuldata turmasaŋif you don't keep beating | oltopuldata turmasaif he doesn't keep beating | biztopuldata turmasaqif we don't keep beating | siztopuldata turmasağızif you all don't keep beating | alatopuldata turmasalaif they don't keep beating |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mentopuldata tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of beating | sentopuldata tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of beating | oltopuldata tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of beating | biztopuldata tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of beating | siztopuldata tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of beating | alatopuldata tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of beating |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mentopuldatmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not beating (emphatic) | sentopuldatmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not beating (emphatic) | oltopuldatmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not beating (emphatic) | biztopuldatmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not beating (emphatic) | siztopuldatmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not beating (emphatic) | alatopuldatmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not beating (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mentopuldatmay turamaI keep on not beating | sentopuldatmay turasayou keep on not beating | oltopuldatmay turadıhe keeps on not beating | biztopuldatmay turabızwe keep on not beating | siztopuldatmay turasızyou all keep on not beating | alatopuldatmay turadılathey keep on not beating |
| Progressive — double negation | mentopuldatmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not beating | sentopuldatmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not beating | oltopuldatmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not beating | biztopuldatmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not beating | siztopuldatmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not beating | alatopuldatmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not beating |
| Progressive — double negation | mentopuldatmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not beating? | sentopuldatmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not beating? | oltopuldatmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not beating? | biztopuldatmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not beating? | siztopuldatmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not beating? | alatopuldatmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not beating? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mentopuldathan bolmazmaI can't have beaten | sentopuldathan bolmazsayou can't have beaten | oltopuldathan bolmazhe can't have beaten | biztopuldathan bolmazbızwe can't have beaten | siztopuldathan bolmazsızyou all can't have beaten | alatopuldathan bolmazlathey can't have beaten |
| Inference — double negation | mentopuldatmağan bolmazmaI must have beaten (emphatic) | sentopuldatmağan bolmazsayou must have beaten (emphatic) | oltopuldatmağan bolmazhe must have beaten (emphatic) | biztopuldatmağan bolmazbızwe must have beaten (emphatic) | siztopuldatmağan bolmazsızyou all must have beaten (emphatic) | alatopuldatmağan bolmazlathey must have beaten (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mentopuldathan bolmasamif it weren't that I had beaten | sentopuldathan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had beaten | oltopuldathan bolmasaif it weren't that he had beaten | biztopuldathan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had beaten | siztopuldathan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had beaten | alatopuldathan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had beaten |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mentopuldatmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't beaten | sentopuldatmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't beaten | oltopuldatmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't beaten | biztopuldatmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't beaten | siztopuldatmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't beaten | alatopuldatmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't beaten |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mentopuldatırıq bolmazmaI can't be going to beat | sentopuldatırıq bolmazsayou can't be going to beat | oltopuldatırıq bolmazhe can't be going to beat | biztopuldatırıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to beat | siztopuldatırıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to beat | alatopuldatırıq bolmazlathey can't be going to beat |
| Inference, future — double negation | mentopuldatmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to beat (emphatic) | sentopuldatmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to beat (emphatic) | oltopuldatmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to beat (emphatic) | biztopuldatmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to beat (emphatic) | siztopuldatmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to beat (emphatic) | alatopuldatmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to beat (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mentopuldatırıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to beat | sentopuldatırıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to beat | oltopuldatırıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to beat | biztopuldatırıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to beat | siztopuldatırıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to beat | alatopuldatırıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to beat |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mentopuldatmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to beat | sentopuldatmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to beat | oltopuldatmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to beat | biztopuldatmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to beat | siztopuldatmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to beat | alatopuldatmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to beat |