tompayırğa
/tompajɯrʁa/
1. topple over, fall, flop down; sprawl
- orunduqğa tompayırğa — to flop down onto the bed
- biri artına tompaydı — one of them toppled over backward
- jerge tompayıb jatadı — he flops down on the ground and lies there
- orunduqğa bir kesek tompayayım — let me flop down on the bed for a bit
- nek tompayıb turasız? — why are you lying sprawled out?
- terek jerge tompaydı — the tree toppled over to the ground
- artına tompaydı — he toppled over backward
- jerge tompaydı — he flopped down on the ground
2. die — Slang, like an informal English expression for dying, e.g. Soslan tompayğandı 'Soslan has died'. one source
- Soslan tompayğandı — Soslan has kicked the bucket
Conjugation
Common forms
- tompayadıhe is toppling over
- tompaydıhe toppled over
- tompayğandıhe has toppled over
- tompayırhe will topple over
- tompayırıqdıhe is going to topple over
- tompaya edihe was toppling over
- tompaysaif he topples over
- tompay!topple over!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentompayamaI am toppling over | sentompayasayou are toppling over | oltompayadıhe is toppling over | biztompayabızwe are toppling over | siztompayasızyou all are toppling over | alatompayadılathey are toppling over |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentompaymaymaI am not toppling over | sentompaymaysayou are not toppling over | oltompaymaydıhe is not toppling over | biztompaymaybızwe are not toppling over | siztompaymaysızyou all are not toppling over | alatompaymaydılathey are not toppling over |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentompayamamı? tompayamıma?am I toppling over? | sentompayamısa?are you toppling over? | oltompayamıdı?is he toppling over? | biztompayabızmı? tompayamıbız?are we toppling over? | siztompayamısız?are you all toppling over? | alatompayamıdıla?are they toppling over? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentompaymaymamı? tompaymaymıma?aren't I toppling over? | sentompaymaymısa?aren't you toppling over? | oltompaymaymıdı?isn't he toppling over? | biztompaymaybızmı? tompaymaymıbız?aren't we toppling over? | siztompaymaymısız?aren't you all toppling over? | alatompaymaymıdıla?aren't they toppling over? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentompayıwçanmaI usually topple over | sentompayıwçansayou usually topple over | oltompayıwçandıhe usually topples over | biztompayıwçanbızwe usually topple over | siztompayıwçansızyou all usually topple over | alatompayıwçandılathey usually topple over |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentompaymawçanmaI usually don't topple over | sentompaymawçansayou usually don't topple over | oltompaymawçandıhe usually doesn't topple over | biztompaymawçanbızwe usually don't topple over | siztompaymawçansızyou all usually don't topple over | alatompaymawçandılathey usually don't topple over |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentompayıwçanmamı? tompayıwçanmıma?do I usually topple over? | sentompayıwçanmısa?do you usually topple over? | oltompayıwçanmıdı?does he usually topple over? | biztompayıwçanbızmı? tompayıwçanmıbız?do we usually topple over? | siztompayıwçanmısız?do you all usually topple over? | alatompayıwçanmıdıla?do they usually topple over? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentompaymawçanmamı? tompaymawçanmıma?do I usually not topple over? | sentompaymawçanmısa?do you usually not topple over? | oltompaymawçanmıdı?does he usually not topple over? | biztompaymawçanbızmı? tompaymawçanmıbız?do we usually not topple over? | siztompaymawçanmısız?do you all usually not topple over? | alatompaymawçanmıdıla?do they usually not topple over? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltompayıbdıhe has toppled over and remains so | alatompayıbdılathey have toppled over and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltompayıbmıdı?has he toppled over? | alatompayıbmıdıla?have they toppled over? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentompayıb turamaI keep toppling over | sentompayıb turasayou keep toppling over | oltompayıb turadıhe keeps toppling over | biztompayıb turabızwe keep toppling over | siztompayıb turasızyou all keep toppling over | alatompayıb turadılathey keep toppling over |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentompayıb turmaymaI don't keep toppling over | sentompayıb turmaysayou don't keep toppling over | oltompayıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep toppling over | biztompayıb turmaybızwe don't keep toppling over | siztompayıb turmaysızyou all don't keep toppling over | alatompayıb turmaydılathey don't keep toppling over |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentompayıb turamamı? tompayıb turamıma?do I keep toppling over? | sentompayıb turamısa?do you keep toppling over? | oltompayıb turamıdı?does he keep toppling over? | biztompayıb turabızmı? tompayıb turamıbız?do we keep toppling over? | siztompayıb turamısız?do you all keep toppling over? | alatompayıb turamıdıla?do they keep toppling over? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentompayıb turmaymamı? tompayıb turmaymıma?don't I keep toppling over? | sentompayıb turmaymısa?don't you keep toppling over? | oltompayıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep toppling over? | biztompayıb turmaybızmı? tompayıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep toppling over? | siztompayıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep toppling over? | alatompayıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep toppling over? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentompaya turamaI am in the middle of toppling over | sentompaya turasayou are in the middle of toppling over | oltompaya turadıhe is in the middle of toppling over | biztompaya turabızwe are in the middle of toppling over | siztompaya turasızyou all are in the middle of toppling over | alatompaya turadılathey are in the middle of toppling over |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentompaya turmaymaI am not in the middle of toppling over | sentompaya turmaysayou are not in the middle of toppling over | oltompaya turmaydıhe is not in the middle of toppling over | biztompaya turmaybızwe are not in the middle of toppling over | siztompaya turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of toppling over | alatompaya turmaydılathey are not in the middle of toppling over |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentompaya turamamı? tompaya turamıma?am I in the middle of toppling over? | sentompaya turamısa?are you in the middle of toppling over? | oltompaya turamıdı?is he in the middle of toppling over? | biztompaya turabızmı? tompaya turamıbız?are we in the middle of toppling over? | siztompaya turamısız?are you all in the middle of toppling over? | alatompaya turamıdıla?are they in the middle of toppling over? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentompaya turmaymamı? tompaya turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of toppling over? | sentompaya turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of toppling over? | oltompaya turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of toppling over? | biztompaya turmaybızmı? tompaya turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of toppling over? | siztompaya turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of toppling over? | alatompaya turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of toppling over? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentompaydımI toppled over | sentompaydıŋyou toppled over | oltompaydıhe toppled over | biztompaydıqwe toppled over | siztompaydığızyou all toppled over | alatompaydılathey toppled over |
| Simple past (definite) | mentompaymadımI didn't topple over | sentompaymadıŋyou didn't topple over | oltompaymadıhe didn't topple over | biztompaymadıqwe didn't topple over | siztompaymadığızyou all didn't topple over | alatompaymadılathey didn't topple over |
| Simple past (definite) | mentompaydımmı?did I topple over? | sentompaydıŋmı?did you topple over? | oltompaydımı?did he topple over? | biztompaydıqmı?did we topple over? | siztompaydığızmı?did you all topple over? | alatompaydılamı?did they topple over? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentompaymadımmı?didn't I topple over? | sentompaymadıŋmı?didn't you topple over? | oltompaymadımı?didn't he topple over? | biztompaymadıqmı?didn't we topple over? | siztompaymadığızmı?didn't you all topple over? | alatompaymadılamı?didn't they topple over? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentompayğanmaI have toppled over | sentompayğansayou have toppled over | oltompayğandıhe has toppled over | biztompayğanbızwe have toppled over | siztompayğansızyou all have toppled over | alatompayğandılathey have toppled over |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentompaymağanmaI haven't toppled over | sentompaymağansayou haven't toppled over | oltompaymağandıhe hasn't toppled over | biztompaymağanbızwe haven't toppled over | siztompaymağansızyou all haven't toppled over | alatompaymağandılathey haven't toppled over |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentompayğanmamı? tompayğanmıma?have I toppled over? | sentompayğanmısa?have you toppled over? | oltompayğanmıdı?has he toppled over? | biztompayğanbızmı? tompayğanmıbız?have we toppled over? | siztompayğanmısız?have you all toppled over? | alatompayğanmıdıla?have they toppled over? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentompaymağanmamı? tompaymağanmıma?haven't I toppled over? | sentompaymağanmısa?haven't you toppled over? | oltompaymağanmıdı?hasn't he toppled over? | biztompaymağanbızmı? tompaymağanmıbız?haven't we toppled over? | siztompaymağanmısız?haven't you all toppled over? | alatompaymağanmıdıla?haven't they toppled over? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentompayıb turdumI kept toppling over | sentompayıb turduŋyou kept toppling over | oltompayıb turduhe kept toppling over | biztompayıb turduqwe kept toppling over | siztompayıb turduğuzyou all kept toppling over | alatompayıb turdulathey kept toppling over |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentompayıb turmadımI didn't keep toppling over | sentompayıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep toppling over | oltompayıb turmadıhe didn't keep toppling over | biztompayıb turmadıqwe didn't keep toppling over | siztompayıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep toppling over | alatompayıb turmadılathey didn't keep toppling over |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentompayırmaI will topple over | sentompayırsayou will topple over | oltompayırhe will topple over | biztompayırbızwe will topple over | siztompayırsızyou all will topple over | alatompayırlathey will topple over |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentompaymazmaI won't topple over | sentompaymazsayou won't topple over | oltompaymazhe won't topple over | biztompaymazbızwe won't topple over | siztompaymazsızyou all won't topple over | alatompaymazlathey won't topple over |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentompayırmamı? tompayırmıma?will I topple over? | sentompayırmısa?will you topple over? | oltompayırmı?will he topple over? | biztompayırbızmı? tompayırmıbız?will we topple over? | siztompayırmısız?will you all topple over? | alatompayırlamı? tompayırmıla?will they topple over? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentompaymazmamı? tompaymazmıma?won't I topple over? | sentompaymazmısa?won't you topple over? | oltompaymazmı?won't he topple over? | biztompaymazbızmı? tompaymazmıbız?won't we topple over? | siztompaymazmısız?won't you all topple over? | alatompaymazlamı? tompaymazmıla?won't they topple over? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentompayırıqmaI am going to topple over | sentompayırıqsayou are going to topple over | oltompayırıqdıhe is going to topple over | biztompayırıqbızwe are going to topple over | siztompayırıqsızyou all are going to topple over | alatompayırıqdılathey are going to topple over |
| Definite future (future II) | mentompayırıq tülmeI am not going to topple over | sentompayırıq tülseyou are not going to topple over | oltompayırıq tüldühe is not going to topple over | biztompayırıq tülbüzwe are not going to topple over | siztompayırıq tülsüzyou all are not going to topple over | alatompayırıq tüldülethey are not going to topple over |
| Definite future (future II) | mentompayırıqmamı? tompayırıqmıma?am I going to topple over? | sentompayırıqmısa?are you going to topple over? | oltompayırıqmıdı?is he going to topple over? | biztompayırıqbızmı? tompayırıqmıbız?are we going to topple over? | siztompayırıqmısız?are you all going to topple over? | alatompayırıqmıdıla?are they going to topple over? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentompayırıq tülmüme?aren't I going to topple over? | sentompayırıq tülmüse?aren't you going to topple over? | oltompayırıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to topple over? | biztompayırıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to topple over? | siztompayırıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to topple over? | alatompayırıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to topple over? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentompayğan edimtompayğanemI had toppled over | sentompayğan ediŋtompayğaneŋyou had toppled over | oltompayğan editompayğanedhe had toppled over | biztompayğan ediktompayğanekwe had toppled over | siztompayğan edigiztompayğanegizyou all had toppled over | alatompayğan ediletompayğanellethey had toppled over |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentompaymağan edimtompaymağanemI hadn't toppled over | sentompaymağan ediŋtompaymağaneŋyou hadn't toppled over | oltompaymağan editompaymağanedhe hadn't toppled over | biztompaymağan ediktompaymağanekwe hadn't toppled over | siztompaymağan edigiztompaymağanegizyou all hadn't toppled over | alatompaymağan ediletompaymağanellethey hadn't toppled over |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentompaya edimtompayaemI was toppling over | sentompaya ediŋtompayaeŋyou were toppling over | oltompaya editompayaedhe was toppling over | biztompaya ediktompayaekwe were toppling over | siztompaya edigiztompayaegizyou all were toppling over | alatompaya ediletompayaellethey were toppling over |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentompaymay edimtompaymayemI wasn't toppling over | sentompaymay ediŋtompaymayeŋyou weren't toppling over | oltompaymay editompaymayedhe wasn't toppling over | biztompaymay ediktompaymayekwe weren't toppling over | siztompaymay edigiztompaymayegizyou all weren't toppling over | alatompaymay ediletompaymayellethey weren't toppling over |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mentompayıwçan edimtompayıwçanemI used to topple over | sentompayıwçan ediŋtompayıwçaneŋyou used to topple over | oltompayıwçan editompayıwçanedhe used to topple over | biztompayıwçan ediktompayıwçanekwe used to topple over | siztompayıwçan edigiztompayıwçanegizyou all used to topple over | alatompayıwçan ediletompayıwçanellethey used to topple over |
| Habitual past (used to) | mentompaymawçan edimtompaymawçanemI didn't use to topple over | sentompaymawçan ediŋtompaymawçaneŋyou didn't use to topple over | oltompaymawçan editompaymawçanedhe didn't use to topple over | biztompaymawçan ediktompaymawçanekwe didn't use to topple over | siztompaymawçan edigiztompaymawçanegizyou all didn't use to topple over | alatompaymawçan ediletompaymawçanellethey didn't use to topple over |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltompayıb edihe had toppled over and remained so | alatompayıb edilethey had toppled over and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltompayıb tül edihe hadn't toppled over | alatompayıb tül edilethey hadn't toppled over | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentompayıb tura edimtompayıb turaemI had kept toppling over | sentompayıb tura ediŋtompayıb turaeŋyou had kept toppling over | oltompayıb tura editompayıb turaedhe had kept toppling over | biztompayıb tura ediktompayıb turaekwe had kept toppling over | siztompayıb tura edigiztompayıb turaegizyou all had kept toppling over | alatompayıb tura ediletompayıb turaellethey had kept toppling over |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentompayıb turmay edimtompayıb turmayemI hadn't kept toppling over | sentompayıb turmay ediŋtompayıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept toppling over | oltompayıb turmay editompayıb turmayedhe hadn't kept toppling over | biztompayıb turmay ediktompayıb turmayekwe hadn't kept toppling over | siztompayıb turmay edigiztompayıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept toppling over | alatompayıb turmay ediletompayıb turmayellethey hadn't kept toppling over |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentompaya tura edimtompaya turaemI was in the middle of toppling over | sentompaya tura ediŋtompaya turaeŋyou were in the middle of toppling over | oltompaya tura editompaya turaedhe was in the middle of toppling over | biztompaya tura ediktompaya turaekwe were in the middle of toppling over | siztompaya tura edigiztompaya turaegizyou all were in the middle of toppling over | alatompaya tura ediletompaya turaellethey were in the middle of toppling over |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentompaya turmay edimtompaya turmayemI wasn't in the middle of toppling over | sentompaya turmay ediŋtompaya turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of toppling over | oltompaya turmay editompaya turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of toppling over | biztompaya turmay ediktompaya turmayekwe weren't in the middle of toppling over | siztompaya turmay edigiztompaya turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of toppling over | alatompaya turmay ediletompaya turmayellethey weren't in the middle of toppling over |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mentompayır edimtompayır emI would topple over | sentompayır ediŋtompayır eŋyou would topple over | oltompayır editompayır edhe would topple over | biztompayır ediktompayır ekwe would topple over | siztompayır edigiztompayır egizyou all would topple over | alatompayır ediletompayır ellethey would topple over |
| Conditional result (would) | mentompaymaz edimtompaymaz emI wouldn't topple over | sentompaymaz ediŋtompaymaz eŋyou wouldn't topple over | oltompaymaz editompaymaz edhe wouldn't topple over | biztompaymaz ediktompaymaz ekwe wouldn't topple over | siztompaymaz edigiztompaymaz egizyou all wouldn't topple over | alatompaymaz ediletompaymaz ellethey wouldn't topple over |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentompayırıq edimtompayırıq emI would have toppled over | sentompayırıq ediŋtompayırıq eŋyou would have toppled over | oltompayırıq editompayırıq edhe would have toppled over | biztompayırıq ediktompayırıq ekwe would have toppled over | siztompayırıq edigiztompayırıq egizyou all would have toppled over | alatompayırıq ediletompayırıq ellethey would have toppled over |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentompayırıq tül edimtompayırıq tül emI wouldn't have toppled over | sentompayırıq tül ediŋtompayırıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have toppled over | oltompayırıq tül editompayırıq tül edhe wouldn't have toppled over | biztompayırıq tül ediktompayırıq tül ekwe wouldn't have toppled over | siztompayırıq tül edigiztompayırıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have toppled over | alatompayırıq tül ediletompayırıq tül ellethey wouldn't have toppled over |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mentompaysamif I topple over | sentompaysaŋif you topple over | oltompaysaif he topples over | biztompaysaqif we topple over | siztompaysağızif you all topple over | alatompaysalaif they topple over |
| Conditional | mentompaymasamif I don't topple over | sentompaymasaŋif you don't topple over | oltompaymasaif he doesn't topple over | biztompaymasaqif we don't topple over | siztompaymasağızif you all don't topple over | alatompaymasalaif they don't topple over |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mentompaya esemif I am toppling over | sentompaya eseŋif you are toppling over | oltompaya eseif he is toppling over | biztompaya esekif we are toppling over | siztompaya esegizif you all are toppling over | alatompaya eseleif they are toppling over |
| Conditional, present real | mentompaymay esemif I am not toppling over | sentompaymay eseŋif you are not toppling over | oltompaymay eseif he is not toppling over | biztompaymay esekif we are not toppling over | siztompaymay esegizif you all are not toppling over | alatompaymay eseleif they are not toppling over |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentompaysam editompaysam edif only I toppled over | sentompaysaŋ editompaysaŋ edif only you toppled over | oltompaysa editompaysaedif only he toppled over | biztompaysaq editompaysaq edif only we toppled over | siztompaysağız editompaysağız edif only you all toppled over | alatompaysala editompaysalaedif only they toppled over |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentompaymasam editompaymasam edif only I didn't topple over | sentompaymasaŋ editompaymasaŋ edif only you didn't topple over | oltompaymasa editompaymasaedif only he didn't topple over | biztompaymasaq editompaymasaq edif only we didn't topple over | siztompaymasağız editompaymasağız edif only you all didn't topple over | alatompaymasala editompaymasalaedif only they didn't topple over |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mentompayıb tursamif I carry on toppling over | sentompayıb tursaŋif you carry on toppling over | oltompayıb tursaif he carries on toppling over | biztompayıb tursaqif we carry on toppling over | siztompayıb tursağızif you all carry on toppling over | alatompayıb tursalaif they carry on toppling over |
| Durative conditional | mentompayıb turmasamif I don't carry on toppling over | sentompayıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on toppling over | oltompayıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on toppling over | biztompayıb turmasaqif we don't carry on toppling over | siztompayıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on toppling over | alatompayıb turmasalaif they don't carry on toppling over |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mentompayıb tura esemif I have kept toppling over | sentompayıb tura eseŋif you have kept toppling over | oltompayıb tura eseif he has kept toppling over | biztompayıb tura esekif we have kept toppling over | siztompayıb tura esegizif you all have kept toppling over | alatompayıb tura eseleif they have kept toppling over |
| Durative conditional, present real | mentompayıb turmay esemif I haven't kept toppling over | sentompayıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept toppling over | oltompayıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept toppling over | biztompayıb turmay esekif we haven't kept toppling over | siztompayıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept toppling over | alatompayıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept toppling over |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mentompaya tursamif I keep toppling over | sentompaya tursaŋif you keep toppling over | oltompaya tursaif he keeps toppling over | biztompaya tursaqif we keep toppling over | siztompaya tursağızif you all keep toppling over | alatompaya tursalaif they keep toppling over |
| Progressive conditional | mentompaymay tursamif I keep on not toppling over | sentompaymay tursaŋif you keep on not toppling over | oltompaymay tursaif he keeps on not toppling over | biztompaymay tursaqif we keep on not toppling over | siztompaymay tursağızif you all keep on not toppling over | alatompaymay tursalaif they keep on not toppling over |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentompaya tura esemif I am in the middle of toppling over | sentompaya tura eseŋif you are in the middle of toppling over | oltompaya tura eseif he is in the middle of toppling over | biztompaya tura esekif we are in the middle of toppling over | siztompaya tura esegizif you all are in the middle of toppling over | alatompaya tura eseleif they are in the middle of toppling over |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentompaymay tura esemif I keep on not toppling over | sentompaymay tura eseŋif you keep on not toppling over | oltompaymay tura eseif he keeps on not toppling over | biztompaymay tura esekif we keep on not toppling over | siztompaymay tura esegizif you all keep on not toppling over | alatompaymay tura eseleif they keep on not toppling over |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentompaydım esemif I toppled over | sentompaydıŋ eseŋif you toppled over | oltompaydı eseif he toppled over | biztompaydıq esekif we toppled over | siztompaydığız esegizif you all toppled over | alatompaydıla eseleif they toppled over |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentompaymadım esemif I didn't topple over | sentompaymadıŋ eseŋif you didn't topple over | oltompaymadı eseif he didn't topple over | biztompaymadıq esekif we didn't topple over | siztompaymadığız esegizif you all didn't topple over | alatompaymadıla eseleif they didn't topple over |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mentompayğan esemif I did topple over (indeed) | sentompayğan eseŋif you did topple over (indeed) | oltompayğan eseif he did topple over (indeed) | biztompayğan esekif we did topple over (indeed) | siztompayğan esegizif you all did topple over (indeed) | alatompayğan eseleif they did topple over (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mentompaymağan esemif I didn't topple over (indeed) | sentompaymağan eseŋif you didn't topple over (indeed) | oltompaymağan eseif he didn't topple over (indeed) | biztompaymağan esekif we didn't topple over (indeed) | siztompaymağan esegizif you all didn't topple over (indeed) | alatompaymağan eseleif they didn't topple over (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentompayğan bolsamif I had toppled over | sentompayğan bolsaŋif you had toppled over | oltompayğan bolsaif he had toppled over | biztompayğan bolsaqif we had toppled over | siztompayğan bolsağızif you all had toppled over | alatompayğan bolsalaif they had toppled over |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentompaymağan bolsamif I hadn't toppled over | sentompaymağan bolsaŋif you hadn't toppled over | oltompaymağan bolsaif he hadn't toppled over | biztompaymağan bolsaqif we hadn't toppled over | siztompaymağan bolsağızif you all hadn't toppled over | alatompaymağan bolsalaif they hadn't toppled over |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentompayğan bolsam editompayğan bolsam edif only I had toppled over | sentompayğan bolsaŋ editompayğan bolsaŋ edif only you had toppled over | oltompayğan bolsa editompayğan bolsaedif only he had toppled over | biztompayğan bolsaq editompayğan bolsaq edif only we had toppled over | siztompayğan bolsağız editompayğan bolsağız edif only you all had toppled over | alatompayğan bolsala editompayğan bolsalaedif only they had toppled over |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentompaymağan bolsam editompaymağan bolsam edif only I hadn't toppled over | sentompaymağan bolsaŋ editompaymağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't toppled over | oltompaymağan bolsa editompaymağan bolsaedif only he hadn't toppled over | biztompaymağan bolsaq editompaymağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't toppled over | siztompaymağan bolsağız editompaymağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't toppled over | alatompaymağan bolsala editompaymağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't toppled over |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mentompayır esemif I will topple over | sentompayır eseŋif you will topple over | oltompayır eseif he will topple over | biztompayır esekif we will topple over | siztompayır esegizif you all will topple over | alatompayır eseleif they will topple over |
| Conditional, aorist | mentompaymaz esemif I won't topple over | sentompaymaz eseŋif you won't topple over | oltompaymaz eseif he won't topple over | biztompaymaz esekif we won't topple over | siztompaymaz esegizif you all won't topple over | alatompaymaz eseleif they won't topple over |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mentompayırıq esemif I am going to topple over | sentompayırıq eseŋif you are going to topple over | oltompayırıq eseif he is going to topple over | biztompayırıq esekif we are going to topple over | siztompayırıq esegizif you all are going to topple over | alatompayırıq eseleif they are going to topple over |
| Conditional, future | mentompayırıq tül esemif I am not going to topple over | sentompayırıq tül eseŋif you are not going to topple over | oltompayırıq tül eseif he is not going to topple over | biztompayırıq tül esekif we are not going to topple over | siztompayırıq tül esegizif you all are not going to topple over | alatompayırıq tül eseleif they are not going to topple over |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentompayırıq bolsamif I were going to topple over | sentompayırıq bolsaŋif you were going to topple over | oltompayırıq bolsaif he were going to topple over | biztompayırıq bolsaqif we were going to topple over | siztompayırıq bolsağızif you all were going to topple over | alatompayırıq bolsalaif they were going to topple over |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentompaymazlıq bolsamif I were not going to topple over | sentompaymazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to topple over | oltompaymazlıq bolsaif he were not going to topple over | biztompaymazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to topple over | siztompaymazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to topple over | alatompaymazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to topple over |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso tompaydıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentompaya bolurmaI must be toppling over | sentompaya bolursayou must be toppling over | oltompaya bolurhe must be toppling over | biztompaya bolurbuzwe must be toppling over | siztompaya bolursuzyou all must be toppling over | alatompaya bolurlathey must be toppling over |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentompaymay bolurmaI must not be toppling over | sentompaymay bolursayou must not be toppling over | oltompaymay bolurhe must not be toppling over | biztompaymay bolurbuzwe must not be toppling over | siztompaymay bolursuzyou all must not be toppling over | alatompaymay bolurlathey must not be toppling over |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentompaya tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of toppling over | sentompaya tura bolursayou must be in the middle of toppling over | oltompaya tura bolurhe must be in the middle of toppling over | biztompaya tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of toppling over | siztompaya tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of toppling over | alatompaya tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of toppling over |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentompaymay tura bolurmaI must keep on not toppling over | sentompaymay tura bolursayou must keep on not toppling over | oltompaymay tura bolurhe must keep on not toppling over | biztompaymay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not toppling over | siztompaymay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not toppling over | alatompaymay tura bolurlathey must keep on not toppling over |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mentompayğan bolurmaI must have toppled over | sentompayğan bolursayou must have toppled over | oltompayğan bolurhe must have toppled over | biztompayğan bolurbuzwe must have toppled over | siztompayğan bolursuzyou all must have toppled over | alatompayğan bolurlathey must have toppled over |
| Inference (must have) | mentompaymağan bolurmaI must not have toppled over | sentompaymağan bolursayou must not have toppled over | oltompaymağan bolurhe must not have toppled over | biztompaymağan bolurbuzwe must not have toppled over | siztompaymağan bolursuzyou all must not have toppled over | alatompaymağan bolurlathey must not have toppled over |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentompayırıq bolurmaI must be going to topple over | sentompayırıq bolursayou must be going to topple over | oltompayırıq bolurhe must be going to topple over | biztompayırıq bolurbuzwe must be going to topple over | siztompayırıq bolursuzyou all must be going to topple over | alatompayırıq bolurlathey must be going to topple over |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentompaymazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to topple over | sentompaymazlıq bolursayou must not be going to topple over | oltompaymazlıq bolurhe must not be going to topple over | biztompaymazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to topple over | siztompaymazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to topple over | alatompaymazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to topple over |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mentompayayımlet me topple over | sentompay!topple over! | oltompaysınlet him topple over | biztompayayıqlet's topple over | siztompayığız!topple over, you all! | alatompaysınlalet them topple over |
| Commands & suggestions | mentompaymayımlet me not topple over | sentompayma!don't topple over! | oltompaymasınlet him not topple over | biztompaymayıqlet's not topple over | siztompaymağız!don't topple over, you all! | alatompaymasınlalet them not topple over |
| Commands & suggestions | mentompayayımmı?shall I topple over? | oltompaysınmı?should he topple over? | biztompayayıqmı?shall we topple over? | alatompaysınlamı?should they topple over? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mentompaymayımmı?shall I not topple over? | oltompaymasınmı?should he not topple over? | biztompaymayıqmı?shall we not topple over? | alatompaymasınlamı?should they not topple over? | ||
| Requests | sentompayçı2tompayçınplease topple over | oltompaysınçıdo let him topple over | siztompayçığızplease topple over (plural/polite) | alatompaysınlaçıdo let them topple over | ||
| Requests | sentompaymaçı2tompaymaçınplease don't topple over | oltompaymasınçıdo let him not topple over | siztompaymaçığızplease don't topple over (plural/polite) | alatompaymasınlaçıdo let them not topple over | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentompayğıntompayğımay you topple over | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentompaymağıntompaymağımay you not topple over | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentompayğay edim tompayğa edimwould that I toppled over | sentompayğay ediŋ tompayğa ediŋwould that you toppled over | oltompayğay edi tompayğa ediwould that he toppled over | biztompayğay edik tompayğa edikwould that we toppled over | siztompayğay edigiz tompayğa edigizwould that you all toppled over | alatompayğay edile tompayğa edilewould that they toppled over |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentompaymağay edim tompaymağa edimwould that I did not topple over | sentompaymağay ediŋ tompaymağa ediŋwould that you did not topple over | oltompaymağay edi tompaymağa ediwould that he did not topple over | biztompaymağay edik tompaymağa edikwould that we did not topple over | siztompaymağay edigiz tompaymağa edigizwould that you all did not topple over | alatompaymağay edile tompaymağa edilewould that they did not topple over |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentompaymağa qoyayımtompayma qoyayımlet me allow someone to topple over | sentompaymağa qoy!tompayma qoy!let someone topple over! | oltompaymağa qoysuntompayma qoysunlet him allow someone to topple over | biztompaymağa qoyayıqtompayma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to topple over | siztompaymağa qoyuğuz!tompayma qoyuğuz!let someone topple over, you all! | alatompaymağa qoysunlatompayma qoysunlalet them allow someone to topple over |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentompaymağa qoymayımtompayma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to topple over | sentompaymağa qoyma!tompayma qoyma!don't let someone topple over! | oltompaymağa qoymasıntompayma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to topple over | biztompaymağa qoymayıqtompayma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to topple over | siztompaymağa qoymağız!tompayma qoymağız!don't let someone topple over, you all! | alatompaymağa qoymasınlatompayma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to topple over |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentompaymağa qoyayımmı?tompayma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to topple over? | oltompaymağa qoysunmu?tompayma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to topple over? | biztompaymağa qoyayıqmı?tompayma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to topple over? | alatompaymağa qoysunlamı?tompayma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to topple over? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentompaymağa qoymayımmı?tompayma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to topple over? | oltompaymağa qoymasınmı?tompayma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to topple over? | biztompaymağa qoymayıqmı?tompayma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to topple over? | alatompaymağa qoymasınlamı?tompayma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to topple over? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mentompaymağa qoyamatompayma qoyamaI allow someone to topple over | sentompaymağa qoyasatompayma qoyasayou allow someone to topple over | oltompaymağa qoyadıtompayma qoyadıhe allows someone to topple over | biztompaymağa qoyabıztompayma qoyabızwe allow someone to topple over | siztompaymağa qoyasıztompayma qoyasızyou all allow someone to topple over | alatompaymağa qoyadılatompayma qoyadılathey allow someone to topple over |
| Let someone… (present) | mentompaymağa qoymaymatompayma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to topple over | sentompaymağa qoymaysatompayma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to topple over | oltompaymağa qoymaydıtompayma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to topple over | biztompaymağa qoymaybıztompayma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to topple over | siztompaymağa qoymaysıztompayma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to topple over | alatompaymağa qoymaydılatompayma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to topple over |
| Let someone… (present) | mentompaymağa qoyamamı?tompayma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to topple over? | sentompaymağa qoyamısa?tompayma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to topple over? | oltompaymağa qoyamıdı?tompayma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to topple over? | biztompaymağa qoyabızmı?tompayma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to topple over? | siztompaymağa qoyamısız?tompayma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to topple over? | alatompaymağa qoyamıdıla?tompayma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to topple over? |
| Let someone… (present) | mentompaymağa qoymaymamı?tompayma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to topple over? | sentompaymağa qoymaymısa?tompayma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to topple over? | oltompaymağa qoymaymıdı?tompayma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to topple over? | biztompaymağa qoymaybızmı?tompayma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to topple over? | siztompaymağa qoymaymısız?tompayma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to topple over? | alatompaymağa qoymaymıdıla?tompayma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to topple over? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentompaymağa qoydumtompayma qoydumI allowed someone to topple over | sentompaymağa qoyduŋtompayma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to topple over | oltompaymağa qoydutompayma qoyduhe allowed someone to topple over | biztompaymağa qoyduqtompayma qoyduqwe allowed someone to topple over | siztompaymağa qoyduğuztompayma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to topple over | alatompaymağa qoydulatompayma qoydulathey allowed someone to topple over |
| Let someone… (past) | mentompaymağa qoymadımtompayma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to topple over | sentompaymağa qoymadıŋtompayma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to topple over | oltompaymağa qoymadıtompayma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to topple over | biztompaymağa qoymadıqtompayma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to topple over | siztompaymağa qoymadığıztompayma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to topple over | alatompaymağa qoymadılatompayma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to topple over |
| Let someone… (past) | mentompaymağa qoydummu?tompayma qoydummu?did I allow someone to topple over? | sentompaymağa qoyduŋmu?tompayma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to topple over? | oltompaymağa qoydumu?tompayma qoydumu?did he allow someone to topple over? | biztompaymağa qoyduqmu?tompayma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to topple over? | siztompaymağa qoyduğuzmu?tompayma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to topple over? | alatompaymağa qoydulamı?tompayma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to topple over? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentompaymağa qoymadımmı?tompayma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to topple over? | sentompaymağa qoymadıŋmı?tompayma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to topple over? | oltompaymağa qoymadımı?tompayma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to topple over? | biztompaymağa qoymadıqmı?tompayma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to topple over? | siztompaymağa qoymadığızmı?tompayma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to topple over? | alatompaymağa qoymadılamı?tompayma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to topple over? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
tompayalırğa be able to topple over · tompayalmazğa be unable to topple over
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mentompayalamaI can topple over | sentompayalasayou can topple over | oltompayaladıhe can topple over | biztompayalabızwe can topple over | siztompayalasızyou all can topple over | alatompayaladılathey can topple over |
| Ability — present | mentompayalmaymaI can't topple over | sentompayalmaysayou can't topple over | oltompayalmaydıhe can't topple over | biztompayalmaybızwe can't topple over | siztompayalmaysızyou all can't topple over | alatompayalmaydılathey can't topple over |
| Ability — present | mentompayalamamı? tompayalamıma?can I topple over? | sentompayalamısa?can you topple over? | oltompayalamıdı?can he topple over? | biztompayalabızmı? tompayalamıbız?can we topple over? | siztompayalamısız?can you all topple over? | alatompayalamıdıla?can they topple over? |
| Ability — present | mentompayalmaymamı? tompayalmaymıma?can't I topple over? | sentompayalmaymısa?can't you topple over? | oltompayalmaymıdı?can't he topple over? | biztompayalmaybızmı? tompayalmaymıbız?can't we topple over? | siztompayalmaymısız?can't you all topple over? | alatompayalmaymıdıla?can't they topple over? |
| Ability — if I can… | mentompayalsamif I can topple over | sentompayalsaŋif you can topple over | oltompayalsaif he can topple over | biztompayalsaqif we can topple over | siztompayalsağızif you all can topple over | alatompayalsalaif they can topple over |
| Ability — if I can… | mentompayalmasamif I can't topple over | sentompayalmasaŋif you can't topple over | oltompayalmasaif he can't topple over | biztompayalmasaqif we can't topple over | siztompayalmasağızif you all can't topple over | alatompayalmasalaif they can't topple over |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mentompayaldımI was able to topple over | sentompayaldıŋyou were able to topple over | oltompayaldıhe was able to topple over | biztompayaldıqwe were able to topple over | siztompayaldığızyou all were able to topple over | alatompayaldılathey were able to topple over |
| Ability — simple past | mentompayalmadımI could not topple over | sentompayalmadıŋyou could not topple over | oltompayalmadıhe could not topple over | biztompayalmadıqwe could not topple over | siztompayalmadığızyou all could not topple over | alatompayalmadılathey could not topple over |
| Ability — simple past | mentompayaldımmı?was I able to topple over? | sentompayaldıŋmı?were you able to topple over? | oltompayaldımı?was he able to topple over? | biztompayaldıqmı?were we able to topple over? | siztompayaldığızmı?were you all able to topple over? | alatompayaldılamı?were they able to topple over? |
| Ability — simple past | mentompayalmadımmı?couldn't I topple over? | sentompayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you topple over? | oltompayalmadımı?couldn't he topple over? | biztompayalmadıqmı?couldn't we topple over? | siztompayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all topple over? | alatompayalmadılamı?couldn't they topple over? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentompayalğanmaI have been able to topple over | sentompayalğansayou have been able to topple over | oltompayalğandıhe has been able to topple over | biztompayalğanbızwe have been able to topple over | siztompayalğansızyou all have been able to topple over | alatompayalğandılathey have been able to topple over |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentompayalmağanmaI haven't been able to topple over | sentompayalmağansayou haven't been able to topple over | oltompayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to topple over | biztompayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to topple over | siztompayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to topple over | alatompayalmağandılathey haven't been able to topple over |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentompayalğanmamı? tompayalğanmıma?have I been able to topple over? | sentompayalğanmısa?have you been able to topple over? | oltompayalğanmıdı?has he been able to topple over? | biztompayalğanbızmı? tompayalğanmıbız?have we been able to topple over? | siztompayalğanmısız?have you all been able to topple over? | alatompayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to topple over? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentompayalmağanmamı? tompayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to topple over? | sentompayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to topple over? | oltompayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to topple over? | biztompayalmağanbızmı? tompayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to topple over? | siztompayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to topple over? | alatompayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to topple over? |
| Ability — past perfect | mentompayalğan edimtompayalğanemI had been able to topple over | sentompayalğan ediŋtompayalğaneŋyou had been able to topple over | oltompayalğan editompayalğanedhe had been able to topple over | biztompayalğan ediktompayalğanekwe had been able to topple over | siztompayalğan edigiztompayalğanegizyou all had been able to topple over | alatompayalğan ediletompayalğanellethey had been able to topple over |
| Ability — past perfect | mentompayalmağan edimtompayalmağanemI hadn't been able to topple over | sentompayalmağan ediŋtompayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to topple over | oltompayalmağan editompayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to topple over | biztompayalmağan ediktompayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to topple over | siztompayalmağan edigiztompayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to topple over | alatompayalmağan ediletompayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to topple over |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mentompayala edimtompayalaemI could topple over | sentompayala ediŋtompayalaeŋyou could topple over | oltompayala editompayalaedhe could topple over | biztompayala ediktompayalaekwe could topple over | siztompayala edigiztompayalaegizyou all could topple over | alatompayala ediletompayalaellethey could topple over |
| Ability — past background | mentompayalmay edimtompayalmayemI could not topple over | sentompayalmay ediŋtompayalmayeŋyou could not topple over | oltompayalmay editompayalmayedhe could not topple over | biztompayalmay ediktompayalmayekwe could not topple over | siztompayalmay edigiztompayalmayegizyou all could not topple over | alatompayalmay ediletompayalmayellethey could not topple over |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mentompayalırmaI will be able to topple over | sentompayalırsayou will be able to topple over | oltompayalırhe will be able to topple over | biztompayalırbızwe will be able to topple over | siztompayalırsızyou all will be able to topple over | alatompayalırlathey will be able to topple over |
| Ability — future I | mentompayalmazmaI won't be able to topple over | sentompayalmazsayou won't be able to topple over | oltompayalmazhe won't be able to topple over | biztompayalmazbızwe won't be able to topple over | siztompayalmazsızyou all won't be able to topple over | alatompayalmazlathey won't be able to topple over |
| Ability — future I | mentompayalırmamı? tompayalırmıma?will I be able to topple over? | sentompayalırmısa?will you be able to topple over? | oltompayalırmı?will he be able to topple over? | biztompayalırbızmı? tompayalırmıbız?will we be able to topple over? | siztompayalırmısız?will you all be able to topple over? | alatompayalırlamı? tompayalırmıla?will they be able to topple over? |
| Ability — future I | mentompayalmazmamı? tompayalmazmıma?won't I be able to topple over? | sentompayalmazmısa?won't you be able to topple over? | oltompayalmazmı?won't he be able to topple over? | biztompayalmazbızmı? tompayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to topple over? | siztompayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to topple over? | alatompayalmazlamı? tompayalmazmıla?won't they be able to topple over? |
| Ability — future II | mentompayallıqmaI am going to be able to topple over | sentompayallıqsayou are going to be able to topple over | oltompayallıqdıhe is going to be able to topple over | biztompayallıqbızwe are going to be able to topple over | siztompayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to topple over | alatompayallıqdılathey are going to be able to topple over |
| Ability — future II | mentompayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to topple over | sentompayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to topple over | oltompayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to topple over | biztompayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to topple over | siztompayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to topple over | alatompayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to topple over |
| Ability — future II | mentompayallıqmamı? tompayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to topple over? | sentompayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to topple over? | oltompayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to topple over? | biztompayallıqbızmı? tompayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to topple over? | siztompayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to topple over? | alatompayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to topple over? |
| Ability — future II | mentompayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to topple over? | sentompayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to topple over? | oltompayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to topple over? | biztompayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to topple over? | siztompayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to topple over? | alatompayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to topple over? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentompayalır edimtompayalır emI would be able to topple over | sentompayalır ediŋtompayalır eŋyou would be able to topple over | oltompayalır editompayalır edhe would be able to topple over | biztompayalır ediktompayalır ekwe would be able to topple over | siztompayalır edigiztompayalır egizyou all would be able to topple over | alatompayalır ediletompayalır ellethey would be able to topple over |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentompayalmaz edimtompayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to topple over | sentompayalmaz ediŋtompayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to topple over | oltompayalmaz editompayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to topple over | biztompayalmaz ediktompayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to topple over | siztompayalmaz edigiztompayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to topple over | alatompayalmaz ediletompayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to topple over |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentompayalğıntompayalğımay you be able to topple over | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentompayalmağıntompayalmağımay you not be able to topple over | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mentompayırğa izleymeI want to topple over | sentompayırğa izleyseyou want to topple over | oltompayırğa izleydihe wants to topple over | biztompayırğa izleybizwe want to topple over | siztompayırğa izleysizyou all want to topple over | alatompayırğa izleydilethey want to topple over |
| want to | mentompayırğa izlemeymeI do not want to topple over | sentompayırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to topple over | oltompayırğa izlemeydihe does not want to topple over | biztompayırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to topple over | siztompayırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to topple over | alatompayırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to topple over |
| would like to | mentompayırğa süemeI would like to topple over | sentompayırğa süeseyou would like to topple over | oltompayırğa süedihe would like to topple over | biztompayırğa süebizwe would like to topple over | siztompayırğa süesizyou all would like to topple over | alatompayırğa süedilethey would like to topple over |
| would like to | mentompayırğa süymeymeI would not like to topple over | sentompayırğa süymeyseyou would not like to topple over | oltompayırğa süymeydihe would not like to topple over | biztompayırğa süymeybizwe would not like to topple over | siztompayırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to topple over | alatompayırğa süymeydilethey would not like to topple over |
| hope to | mentompayırğa umutlanamaI hope to topple over | sentompayırğa umutlanasayou hope to topple over | oltompayırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to topple over | biztompayırğa umutlanabızwe hope to topple over | siztompayırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to topple over | alatompayırğa umutlanadılathey hope to topple over |
| hope to | mentompayırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to topple over | sentompayırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to topple over | oltompayırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to topple over | biztompayırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to topple over | siztompayırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to topple over | alatompayırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to topple over |
| be about to | mentompayırğa deb turamaI am about to topple over | sentompayırğa deb turasayou are about to topple over | oltompayırğa deb turadıhe is about to topple over | biztompayırğa deb turabızwe are about to topple over | siztompayırğa deb turasızyou all are about to topple over | alatompayırğa deb turadılathey are about to topple over |
| be about to | mentompayırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to topple over | sentompayırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to topple over | oltompayırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to topple over | biztompayırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to topple over | siztompayırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to topple over | alatompayırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to topple over |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mentompayırğa kerekmeI need to topple over | sentompayırğa kerekseyou need to topple over | oltompayırğa kerekdihe needs to topple over | biztompayırğa kerekbizwe need to topple over | siztompayırğa kereksizyou all need to topple over | alatompayırğa kerekdilethey need to topple over |
| need to | mentompayırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to topple over | sentompayırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to topple over | oltompayırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to topple over | biztompayırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to topple over | siztompayırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to topple over | alatompayırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to topple over |
| have to | menmenŋe tompayırğa tüşediI have to topple over | sensenŋe tompayırğa tüşediyou have to topple over | olaŋa tompayırğa tüşedihe has to topple over | bizbizge tompayırğa tüşediwe have to topple over | sizsizge tompayırğa tüşediyou all have to topple over | alaalağa tompayırğa tüşedithey have to topple over |
| have to | menmenŋe tompayırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to topple over | sensenŋe tompayırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to topple over | olaŋa tompayırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to topple over | bizbizge tompayırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to topple over | sizsizge tompayırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to topple over | alaalağa tompayırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to topple over |
| be obliged to | mentompayırğa borçlumaI am obliged to topple over | sentompayırğa borçlusayou are obliged to topple over | oltompayırğa borçluduhe is obliged to topple over | biztompayırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to topple over | siztompayırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to topple over | alatompayırğa borçludulathey are obliged to topple over |
| be obliged to | mentompayırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to topple over | sentompayırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to topple over | oltompayırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to topple over | biztompayırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to topple over | siztompayırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to topple over | alatompayırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to topple over |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mentompayırğa madarım bardıI have a way to topple over | sentompayırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to topple over | oltompayırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to topple over | biztompayırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to topple over | siztompayırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to topple over | alatompayırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to topple over |
| have a way to | mentompayırğa madarım joqduI have no way to topple over | sentompayırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to topple over | oltompayırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to topple over | biztompayırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to topple over | siztompayırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to topple over | alatompayırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to topple over |
| be free to | mentompayırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to topple over | sentompayırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to topple over | oltompayırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to topple over | biztompayırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to topple over | siztompayırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to topple over | alatompayırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to topple over |
| be free to | mentompayırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to topple over | sentompayırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to topple over | oltompayırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to topple over | biztompayırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to topple over | siztompayırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to topple over | alatompayırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to topple over |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tompayırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to topple over | sensenŋe tompayırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to topple over | olaŋa tompayırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to topple over | bizbizge tompayırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to topple over | sizsizge tompayırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to topple over | alaalağa tompayırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to topple over |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tompayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to topple over | sensenŋe tompayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to topple over | olaŋa tompayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to topple over | bizbizge tompayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to topple over | sizsizge tompayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to topple over | alaalağa tompayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to topple over |
| be ready to | mentompayırğa hazırmaI am ready to topple over | sentompayırğa hazırsayou are ready to topple over | oltompayırğa hazırdıhe is ready to topple over | biztompayırğa hazırbızwe are ready to topple over | siztompayırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to topple over | alatompayırğa hazırdılathey are ready to topple over |
| be ready to | mentompayırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to topple over | sentompayırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to topple over | oltompayırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to topple over | biztompayırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to topple over | siztompayırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to topple over | alatompayırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to topple over |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mentompayırğa küreşemeI am trying to topple over | sentompayırğa küreşeseyou are trying to topple over | oltompayırğa küreşedihe is trying to topple over | biztompayırğa küreşebizwe are trying to topple over | siztompayırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to topple over | alatompayırğa küreşedilethey are trying to topple over |
| try to | mentompayırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to topple over | sentompayırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to topple over | oltompayırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to topple over | biztompayırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to topple over | siztompayırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to topple over | alatompayırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to topple over |
| agree to | mentompayırğa unaymaI agree to topple over | sentompayırğa unaysayou agree to topple over | oltompayırğa unaydıhe agrees to topple over | biztompayırğa unaybızwe agree to topple over | siztompayırğa unaysızyou all agree to topple over | alatompayırğa unaydılathey agree to topple over |
| agree to | mentompayırğa unamaymaI refuse to topple over | sentompayırğa unamaysayou refuse to topple over | oltompayırğa unamaydıhe refuses to topple over | biztompayırğa unamaybızwe refuse to topple over | siztompayırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to topple over | alatompayırğa unamaydılathey refuse to topple over |
| hurry to | mentompayırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to topple over | sentompayırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to topple over | oltompayırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to topple over | biztompayırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to topple over | siztompayırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to topple over | alatompayırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to topple over |
| hurry to | mentompayırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to topple over | sentompayırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to topple over | oltompayırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to topple over | biztompayırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to topple over | siztompayırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to topple over | alatompayırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to topple over |
| be afraid to | mentompayırğa qorqamaI am afraid to topple over | sentompayırğa qorqasayou are afraid to topple over | oltompayırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to topple over | biztompayırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to topple over | siztompayırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to topple over | alatompayırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to topple over |
| be afraid to | mentompayırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to topple over | sentompayırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to topple over | oltompayırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to topple over | biztompayırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to topple over | siztompayırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to topple over | alatompayırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to topple over |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mentompaya bolmazmaI can't be toppling over | sentompaya bolmazsayou can't be toppling over | oltompaya bolmazhe can't be toppling over | biztompaya bolmazbızwe can't be toppling over | siztompaya bolmazsızyou all can't be toppling over | alatompaya bolmazlathey can't be toppling over |
| Inference, present — double negation | mentompaymay bolmazmaI must be toppling over (emphatic) | sentompaymay bolmazsayou must be toppling over (emphatic) | oltompaymay bolmazhe must be toppling over (emphatic) | biztompaymay bolmazbızwe must be toppling over (emphatic) | siztompaymay bolmazsızyou all must be toppling over (emphatic) | alatompaymay bolmazlathey must be toppling over (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mentompaya turmasamif I don't keep toppling over | sentompaya turmasaŋif you don't keep toppling over | oltompaya turmasaif he doesn't keep toppling over | biztompaya turmasaqif we don't keep toppling over | siztompaya turmasağızif you all don't keep toppling over | alatompaya turmasalaif they don't keep toppling over |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mentompaya tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of toppling over | sentompaya tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of toppling over | oltompaya tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of toppling over | biztompaya tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of toppling over | siztompaya tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of toppling over | alatompaya tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of toppling over |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mentompaymay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not toppling over (emphatic) | sentompaymay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not toppling over (emphatic) | oltompaymay tura bolmazhe must keep on not toppling over (emphatic) | biztompaymay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not toppling over (emphatic) | siztompaymay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not toppling over (emphatic) | alatompaymay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not toppling over (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mentompaymay turamaI keep on not toppling over | sentompaymay turasayou keep on not toppling over | oltompaymay turadıhe keeps on not toppling over | biztompaymay turabızwe keep on not toppling over | siztompaymay turasızyou all keep on not toppling over | alatompaymay turadılathey keep on not toppling over |
| Progressive — double negation | mentompaymay turmaymaI am not keeping on not toppling over | sentompaymay turmaysayou are not keeping on not toppling over | oltompaymay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not toppling over | biztompaymay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not toppling over | siztompaymay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not toppling over | alatompaymay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not toppling over |
| Progressive — double negation | mentompaymay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not toppling over? | sentompaymay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not toppling over? | oltompaymay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not toppling over? | biztompaymay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not toppling over? | siztompaymay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not toppling over? | alatompaymay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not toppling over? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mentompayğan bolmazmaI can't have toppled over | sentompayğan bolmazsayou can't have toppled over | oltompayğan bolmazhe can't have toppled over | biztompayğan bolmazbızwe can't have toppled over | siztompayğan bolmazsızyou all can't have toppled over | alatompayğan bolmazlathey can't have toppled over |
| Inference — double negation | mentompaymağan bolmazmaI must have toppled over (emphatic) | sentompaymağan bolmazsayou must have toppled over (emphatic) | oltompaymağan bolmazhe must have toppled over (emphatic) | biztompaymağan bolmazbızwe must have toppled over (emphatic) | siztompaymağan bolmazsızyou all must have toppled over (emphatic) | alatompaymağan bolmazlathey must have toppled over (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mentompayğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had toppled over | sentompayğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had toppled over | oltompayğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had toppled over | biztompayğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had toppled over | siztompayğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had toppled over | alatompayğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had toppled over |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mentompaymağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't toppled over | sentompaymağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't toppled over | oltompaymağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't toppled over | biztompaymağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't toppled over | siztompaymağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't toppled over | alatompaymağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't toppled over |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mentompayırıq bolmazmaI can't be going to topple over | sentompayırıq bolmazsayou can't be going to topple over | oltompayırıq bolmazhe can't be going to topple over | biztompayırıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to topple over | siztompayırıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to topple over | alatompayırıq bolmazlathey can't be going to topple over |
| Inference, future — double negation | mentompaymazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to topple over (emphatic) | sentompaymazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to topple over (emphatic) | oltompaymazlıq bolmazhe must be going to topple over (emphatic) | biztompaymazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to topple over (emphatic) | siztompaymazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to topple over (emphatic) | alatompaymazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to topple over (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mentompayırıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to topple over | sentompayırıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to topple over | oltompayırıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to topple over | biztompayırıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to topple over | siztompayırıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to topple over | alatompayırıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to topple over |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mentompaymazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to topple over | sentompaymazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to topple over | oltompaymazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to topple over | biztompaymazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to topple over | siztompaymazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to topple over | alatompaymazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to topple over |