tomalırğa
/tomalɯrʁa/
1. swell, bud out, come into bud — Said of buds on trees and shrubs filling out with sap.
- terekle tomalğandıla — the trees' buds have swollen
- talnı kapolları tomalğandıla — the willow's buds have swollen
- terekni kapolları tomaladı — the tree's buds are swelling
2. swell up, puff up — Said of a part of the body swelling from illness or injury.
- qolu tomalğandı — his hand has swollen up
- qarnı tomalğandı — his belly has swollen up
- ayağı tomaldı — his foot puffed up
- közü-başı tomalıb qaytdı — he came back with his face swollen
3. topple over, turn over, fall, sway
- qoynu quyruğu arı-beri tomaladı — the sheep's fat tail sways this way and that
- itle tomaldıla — the dogs rolled over
- ıçhınıb tomalıb tüşdü — he lost his hold and came tumbling down
Conjugation
Common forms
- tomaladıhe is swelling
- tomaldıhe swelled
- tomalğandıhe has swollen
- tomalırhe will swell
- tomallıqdıhe is going to swell
- tomala edihe was swelling
- tomalsaif he swells
- tomal!swell!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentomalamaI am swelling | sentomalasayou are swelling | oltomaladıhe is swelling | biztomalabızwe are swelling | siztomalasızyou all are swelling | alatomaladılathey are swelling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentomalmaymaI am not swelling | sentomalmaysayou are not swelling | oltomalmaydıhe is not swelling | biztomalmaybızwe are not swelling | siztomalmaysızyou all are not swelling | alatomalmaydılathey are not swelling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentomalamamı? tomalamıma?am I swelling? | sentomalamısa?are you swelling? | oltomalamıdı?is he swelling? | biztomalabızmı? tomalamıbız?are we swelling? | siztomalamısız?are you all swelling? | alatomalamıdıla?are they swelling? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentomalmaymamı? tomalmaymıma?aren't I swelling? | sentomalmaymısa?aren't you swelling? | oltomalmaymıdı?isn't he swelling? | biztomalmaybızmı? tomalmaymıbız?aren't we swelling? | siztomalmaymısız?aren't you all swelling? | alatomalmaymıdıla?aren't they swelling? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentomalıwçanmaI usually swell | sentomalıwçansayou usually swell | oltomalıwçandıhe usually swells | biztomalıwçanbızwe usually swell | siztomalıwçansızyou all usually swell | alatomalıwçandılathey usually swell |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentomalmawçanmaI usually don't swell | sentomalmawçansayou usually don't swell | oltomalmawçandıhe usually doesn't swell | biztomalmawçanbızwe usually don't swell | siztomalmawçansızyou all usually don't swell | alatomalmawçandılathey usually don't swell |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentomalıwçanmamı? tomalıwçanmıma?do I usually swell? | sentomalıwçanmısa?do you usually swell? | oltomalıwçanmıdı?does he usually swell? | biztomalıwçanbızmı? tomalıwçanmıbız?do we usually swell? | siztomalıwçanmısız?do you all usually swell? | alatomalıwçanmıdıla?do they usually swell? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentomalmawçanmamı? tomalmawçanmıma?do I usually not swell? | sentomalmawçanmısa?do you usually not swell? | oltomalmawçanmıdı?does he usually not swell? | biztomalmawçanbızmı? tomalmawçanmıbız?do we usually not swell? | siztomalmawçanmısız?do you all usually not swell? | alatomalmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not swell? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltomalıbdıhe has swollen and remains so | alatomalıbdılathey have swollen and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltomalıbmıdı?has he swollen? | alatomalıbmıdıla?have they swollen? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentomalıb turamaI keep swelling | sentomalıb turasayou keep swelling | oltomalıb turadıhe keeps swelling | biztomalıb turabızwe keep swelling | siztomalıb turasızyou all keep swelling | alatomalıb turadılathey keep swelling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentomalıb turmaymaI don't keep swelling | sentomalıb turmaysayou don't keep swelling | oltomalıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep swelling | biztomalıb turmaybızwe don't keep swelling | siztomalıb turmaysızyou all don't keep swelling | alatomalıb turmaydılathey don't keep swelling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentomalıb turamamı? tomalıb turamıma?do I keep swelling? | sentomalıb turamısa?do you keep swelling? | oltomalıb turamıdı?does he keep swelling? | biztomalıb turabızmı? tomalıb turamıbız?do we keep swelling? | siztomalıb turamısız?do you all keep swelling? | alatomalıb turamıdıla?do they keep swelling? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentomalıb turmaymamı? tomalıb turmaymıma?don't I keep swelling? | sentomalıb turmaymısa?don't you keep swelling? | oltomalıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep swelling? | biztomalıb turmaybızmı? tomalıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep swelling? | siztomalıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep swelling? | alatomalıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep swelling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentomala turamaI am in the middle of swelling | sentomala turasayou are in the middle of swelling | oltomala turadıhe is in the middle of swelling | biztomala turabızwe are in the middle of swelling | siztomala turasızyou all are in the middle of swelling | alatomala turadılathey are in the middle of swelling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentomala turmaymaI am not in the middle of swelling | sentomala turmaysayou are not in the middle of swelling | oltomala turmaydıhe is not in the middle of swelling | biztomala turmaybızwe are not in the middle of swelling | siztomala turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of swelling | alatomala turmaydılathey are not in the middle of swelling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentomala turamamı? tomala turamıma?am I in the middle of swelling? | sentomala turamısa?are you in the middle of swelling? | oltomala turamıdı?is he in the middle of swelling? | biztomala turabızmı? tomala turamıbız?are we in the middle of swelling? | siztomala turamısız?are you all in the middle of swelling? | alatomala turamıdıla?are they in the middle of swelling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentomala turmaymamı? tomala turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of swelling? | sentomala turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of swelling? | oltomala turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of swelling? | biztomala turmaybızmı? tomala turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of swelling? | siztomala turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of swelling? | alatomala turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of swelling? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentomaldımI swelled | sentomaldıŋyou swelled | oltomaldıhe swelled | biztomaldıqwe swelled | siztomaldığızyou all swelled | alatomaldılathey swelled |
| Simple past (definite) | mentomalmadımI didn't swell | sentomalmadıŋyou didn't swell | oltomalmadıhe didn't swell | biztomalmadıqwe didn't swell | siztomalmadığızyou all didn't swell | alatomalmadılathey didn't swell |
| Simple past (definite) | mentomaldımmı?did I swell? | sentomaldıŋmı?did you swell? | oltomaldımı?did he swell? | biztomaldıqmı?did we swell? | siztomaldığızmı?did you all swell? | alatomaldılamı?did they swell? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentomalmadımmı?didn't I swell? | sentomalmadıŋmı?didn't you swell? | oltomalmadımı?didn't he swell? | biztomalmadıqmı?didn't we swell? | siztomalmadığızmı?didn't you all swell? | alatomalmadılamı?didn't they swell? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentomalğanmaI have swollen | sentomalğansayou have swollen | oltomalğandıhe has swollen | biztomalğanbızwe have swollen | siztomalğansızyou all have swollen | alatomalğandılathey have swollen |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentomalmağanmaI haven't swollen | sentomalmağansayou haven't swollen | oltomalmağandıhe hasn't swollen | biztomalmağanbızwe haven't swollen | siztomalmağansızyou all haven't swollen | alatomalmağandılathey haven't swollen |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentomalğanmamı? tomalğanmıma?have I swollen? | sentomalğanmısa?have you swollen? | oltomalğanmıdı?has he swollen? | biztomalğanbızmı? tomalğanmıbız?have we swollen? | siztomalğanmısız?have you all swollen? | alatomalğanmıdıla?have they swollen? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentomalmağanmamı? tomalmağanmıma?haven't I swollen? | sentomalmağanmısa?haven't you swollen? | oltomalmağanmıdı?hasn't he swollen? | biztomalmağanbızmı? tomalmağanmıbız?haven't we swollen? | siztomalmağanmısız?haven't you all swollen? | alatomalmağanmıdıla?haven't they swollen? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentomalıb turdumI kept swelling | sentomalıb turduŋyou kept swelling | oltomalıb turduhe kept swelling | biztomalıb turduqwe kept swelling | siztomalıb turduğuzyou all kept swelling | alatomalıb turdulathey kept swelling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentomalıb turmadımI didn't keep swelling | sentomalıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep swelling | oltomalıb turmadıhe didn't keep swelling | biztomalıb turmadıqwe didn't keep swelling | siztomalıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep swelling | alatomalıb turmadılathey didn't keep swelling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentomalırmaI will swell | sentomalırsayou will swell | oltomalırhe will swell | biztomalırbızwe will swell | siztomalırsızyou all will swell | alatomalırlathey will swell |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentomalmazmaI won't swell | sentomalmazsayou won't swell | oltomalmazhe won't swell | biztomalmazbızwe won't swell | siztomalmazsızyou all won't swell | alatomalmazlathey won't swell |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentomalırmamı? tomalırmıma?will I swell? | sentomalırmısa?will you swell? | oltomalırmı?will he swell? | biztomalırbızmı? tomalırmıbız?will we swell? | siztomalırmısız?will you all swell? | alatomalırlamı? tomalırmıla?will they swell? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentomalmazmamı? tomalmazmıma?won't I swell? | sentomalmazmısa?won't you swell? | oltomalmazmı?won't he swell? | biztomalmazbızmı? tomalmazmıbız?won't we swell? | siztomalmazmısız?won't you all swell? | alatomalmazlamı? tomalmazmıla?won't they swell? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentomallıqmaI am going to swell | sentomallıqsayou are going to swell | oltomallıqdıhe is going to swell | biztomallıqbızwe are going to swell | siztomallıqsızyou all are going to swell | alatomallıqdılathey are going to swell |
| Definite future (future II) | mentomallıq tülmeI am not going to swell | sentomallıq tülseyou are not going to swell | oltomallıq tüldühe is not going to swell | biztomallıq tülbüzwe are not going to swell | siztomallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to swell | alatomallıq tüldülethey are not going to swell |
| Definite future (future II) | mentomallıqmamı? tomallıqmıma?am I going to swell? | sentomallıqmısa?are you going to swell? | oltomallıqmıdı?is he going to swell? | biztomallıqbızmı? tomallıqmıbız?are we going to swell? | siztomallıqmısız?are you all going to swell? | alatomallıqmıdıla?are they going to swell? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentomallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to swell? | sentomallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to swell? | oltomallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to swell? | biztomallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to swell? | siztomallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to swell? | alatomallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to swell? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentomalğan edimtomalğanemI had swollen | sentomalğan ediŋtomalğaneŋyou had swollen | oltomalğan editomalğanedhe had swollen | biztomalğan ediktomalğanekwe had swollen | siztomalğan edigiztomalğanegizyou all had swollen | alatomalğan ediletomalğanellethey had swollen |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentomalmağan edimtomalmağanemI hadn't swollen | sentomalmağan ediŋtomalmağaneŋyou hadn't swollen | oltomalmağan editomalmağanedhe hadn't swollen | biztomalmağan ediktomalmağanekwe hadn't swollen | siztomalmağan edigiztomalmağanegizyou all hadn't swollen | alatomalmağan ediletomalmağanellethey hadn't swollen |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentomala edimtomalaemI was swelling | sentomala ediŋtomalaeŋyou were swelling | oltomala editomalaedhe was swelling | biztomala ediktomalaekwe were swelling | siztomala edigiztomalaegizyou all were swelling | alatomala ediletomalaellethey were swelling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentomalmay edimtomalmayemI wasn't swelling | sentomalmay ediŋtomalmayeŋyou weren't swelling | oltomalmay editomalmayedhe wasn't swelling | biztomalmay ediktomalmayekwe weren't swelling | siztomalmay edigiztomalmayegizyou all weren't swelling | alatomalmay ediletomalmayellethey weren't swelling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mentomalıwçan edimtomalıwçanemI used to swell | sentomalıwçan ediŋtomalıwçaneŋyou used to swell | oltomalıwçan editomalıwçanedhe used to swell | biztomalıwçan ediktomalıwçanekwe used to swell | siztomalıwçan edigiztomalıwçanegizyou all used to swell | alatomalıwçan ediletomalıwçanellethey used to swell |
| Habitual past (used to) | mentomalmawçan edimtomalmawçanemI didn't use to swell | sentomalmawçan ediŋtomalmawçaneŋyou didn't use to swell | oltomalmawçan editomalmawçanedhe didn't use to swell | biztomalmawçan ediktomalmawçanekwe didn't use to swell | siztomalmawçan edigiztomalmawçanegizyou all didn't use to swell | alatomalmawçan ediletomalmawçanellethey didn't use to swell |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltomalıb edihe had swollen and remained so | alatomalıb edilethey had swollen and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltomalıb tül edihe hadn't swollen | alatomalıb tül edilethey hadn't swollen | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentomalıb tura edimtomalıb turaemI had kept swelling | sentomalıb tura ediŋtomalıb turaeŋyou had kept swelling | oltomalıb tura editomalıb turaedhe had kept swelling | biztomalıb tura ediktomalıb turaekwe had kept swelling | siztomalıb tura edigiztomalıb turaegizyou all had kept swelling | alatomalıb tura ediletomalıb turaellethey had kept swelling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentomalıb turmay edimtomalıb turmayemI hadn't kept swelling | sentomalıb turmay ediŋtomalıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept swelling | oltomalıb turmay editomalıb turmayedhe hadn't kept swelling | biztomalıb turmay ediktomalıb turmayekwe hadn't kept swelling | siztomalıb turmay edigiztomalıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept swelling | alatomalıb turmay ediletomalıb turmayellethey hadn't kept swelling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentomala tura edimtomala turaemI was in the middle of swelling | sentomala tura ediŋtomala turaeŋyou were in the middle of swelling | oltomala tura editomala turaedhe was in the middle of swelling | biztomala tura ediktomala turaekwe were in the middle of swelling | siztomala tura edigiztomala turaegizyou all were in the middle of swelling | alatomala tura ediletomala turaellethey were in the middle of swelling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentomala turmay edimtomala turmayemI wasn't in the middle of swelling | sentomala turmay ediŋtomala turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of swelling | oltomala turmay editomala turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of swelling | biztomala turmay ediktomala turmayekwe weren't in the middle of swelling | siztomala turmay edigiztomala turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of swelling | alatomala turmay ediletomala turmayellethey weren't in the middle of swelling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mentomalır edimtomalır emI would swell | sentomalır ediŋtomalır eŋyou would swell | oltomalır editomalır edhe would swell | biztomalır ediktomalır ekwe would swell | siztomalır edigiztomalır egizyou all would swell | alatomalır ediletomalır ellethey would swell |
| Conditional result (would) | mentomalmaz edimtomalmaz emI wouldn't swell | sentomalmaz ediŋtomalmaz eŋyou wouldn't swell | oltomalmaz editomalmaz edhe wouldn't swell | biztomalmaz ediktomalmaz ekwe wouldn't swell | siztomalmaz edigiztomalmaz egizyou all wouldn't swell | alatomalmaz ediletomalmaz ellethey wouldn't swell |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentomallıq edimtomallıq emI would have swollen | sentomallıq ediŋtomallıq eŋyou would have swollen | oltomallıq editomallıq edhe would have swollen | biztomallıq ediktomallıq ekwe would have swollen | siztomallıq edigiztomallıq egizyou all would have swollen | alatomallıq ediletomallıq ellethey would have swollen |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentomallıq tül edimtomallıq tül emI wouldn't have swollen | sentomallıq tül ediŋtomallıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have swollen | oltomallıq tül editomallıq tül edhe wouldn't have swollen | biztomallıq tül ediktomallıq tül ekwe wouldn't have swollen | siztomallıq tül edigiztomallıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have swollen | alatomallıq tül ediletomallıq tül ellethey wouldn't have swollen |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mentomalsamif I swell | sentomalsaŋif you swell | oltomalsaif he swells | biztomalsaqif we swell | siztomalsağızif you all swell | alatomalsalaif they swell |
| Conditional | mentomalmasamif I don't swell | sentomalmasaŋif you don't swell | oltomalmasaif he doesn't swell | biztomalmasaqif we don't swell | siztomalmasağızif you all don't swell | alatomalmasalaif they don't swell |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mentomala esemif I am swelling | sentomala eseŋif you are swelling | oltomala eseif he is swelling | biztomala esekif we are swelling | siztomala esegizif you all are swelling | alatomala eseleif they are swelling |
| Conditional, present real | mentomalmay esemif I am not swelling | sentomalmay eseŋif you are not swelling | oltomalmay eseif he is not swelling | biztomalmay esekif we are not swelling | siztomalmay esegizif you all are not swelling | alatomalmay eseleif they are not swelling |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentomalsam editomalsam edif only I swelled | sentomalsaŋ editomalsaŋ edif only you swelled | oltomalsa editomalsaedif only he swelled | biztomalsaq editomalsaq edif only we swelled | siztomalsağız editomalsağız edif only you all swelled | alatomalsala editomalsalaedif only they swelled |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentomalmasam editomalmasam edif only I didn't swell | sentomalmasaŋ editomalmasaŋ edif only you didn't swell | oltomalmasa editomalmasaedif only he didn't swell | biztomalmasaq editomalmasaq edif only we didn't swell | siztomalmasağız editomalmasağız edif only you all didn't swell | alatomalmasala editomalmasalaedif only they didn't swell |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mentomalıb tursamif I carry on swelling | sentomalıb tursaŋif you carry on swelling | oltomalıb tursaif he carries on swelling | biztomalıb tursaqif we carry on swelling | siztomalıb tursağızif you all carry on swelling | alatomalıb tursalaif they carry on swelling |
| Durative conditional | mentomalıb turmasamif I don't carry on swelling | sentomalıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on swelling | oltomalıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on swelling | biztomalıb turmasaqif we don't carry on swelling | siztomalıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on swelling | alatomalıb turmasalaif they don't carry on swelling |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mentomalıb tura esemif I have kept swelling | sentomalıb tura eseŋif you have kept swelling | oltomalıb tura eseif he has kept swelling | biztomalıb tura esekif we have kept swelling | siztomalıb tura esegizif you all have kept swelling | alatomalıb tura eseleif they have kept swelling |
| Durative conditional, present real | mentomalıb turmay esemif I haven't kept swelling | sentomalıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept swelling | oltomalıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept swelling | biztomalıb turmay esekif we haven't kept swelling | siztomalıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept swelling | alatomalıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept swelling |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mentomala tursamif I keep swelling | sentomala tursaŋif you keep swelling | oltomala tursaif he keeps swelling | biztomala tursaqif we keep swelling | siztomala tursağızif you all keep swelling | alatomala tursalaif they keep swelling |
| Progressive conditional | mentomalmay tursamif I keep on not swelling | sentomalmay tursaŋif you keep on not swelling | oltomalmay tursaif he keeps on not swelling | biztomalmay tursaqif we keep on not swelling | siztomalmay tursağızif you all keep on not swelling | alatomalmay tursalaif they keep on not swelling |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentomala tura esemif I am in the middle of swelling | sentomala tura eseŋif you are in the middle of swelling | oltomala tura eseif he is in the middle of swelling | biztomala tura esekif we are in the middle of swelling | siztomala tura esegizif you all are in the middle of swelling | alatomala tura eseleif they are in the middle of swelling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentomalmay tura esemif I keep on not swelling | sentomalmay tura eseŋif you keep on not swelling | oltomalmay tura eseif he keeps on not swelling | biztomalmay tura esekif we keep on not swelling | siztomalmay tura esegizif you all keep on not swelling | alatomalmay tura eseleif they keep on not swelling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentomaldım esemif I swelled | sentomaldıŋ eseŋif you swelled | oltomaldı eseif he swelled | biztomaldıq esekif we swelled | siztomaldığız esegizif you all swelled | alatomaldıla eseleif they swelled |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentomalmadım esemif I didn't swell | sentomalmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't swell | oltomalmadı eseif he didn't swell | biztomalmadıq esekif we didn't swell | siztomalmadığız esegizif you all didn't swell | alatomalmadıla eseleif they didn't swell |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mentomalğan esemif I did swell (indeed) | sentomalğan eseŋif you did swell (indeed) | oltomalğan eseif he did swell (indeed) | biztomalğan esekif we did swell (indeed) | siztomalğan esegizif you all did swell (indeed) | alatomalğan eseleif they did swell (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mentomalmağan esemif I didn't swell (indeed) | sentomalmağan eseŋif you didn't swell (indeed) | oltomalmağan eseif he didn't swell (indeed) | biztomalmağan esekif we didn't swell (indeed) | siztomalmağan esegizif you all didn't swell (indeed) | alatomalmağan eseleif they didn't swell (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentomalğan bolsamif I had swollen | sentomalğan bolsaŋif you had swollen | oltomalğan bolsaif he had swollen | biztomalğan bolsaqif we had swollen | siztomalğan bolsağızif you all had swollen | alatomalğan bolsalaif they had swollen |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentomalmağan bolsamif I hadn't swollen | sentomalmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't swollen | oltomalmağan bolsaif he hadn't swollen | biztomalmağan bolsaqif we hadn't swollen | siztomalmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't swollen | alatomalmağan bolsalaif they hadn't swollen |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentomalğan bolsam editomalğan bolsam edif only I had swollen | sentomalğan bolsaŋ editomalğan bolsaŋ edif only you had swollen | oltomalğan bolsa editomalğan bolsaedif only he had swollen | biztomalğan bolsaq editomalğan bolsaq edif only we had swollen | siztomalğan bolsağız editomalğan bolsağız edif only you all had swollen | alatomalğan bolsala editomalğan bolsalaedif only they had swollen |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentomalmağan bolsam editomalmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't swollen | sentomalmağan bolsaŋ editomalmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't swollen | oltomalmağan bolsa editomalmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't swollen | biztomalmağan bolsaq editomalmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't swollen | siztomalmağan bolsağız editomalmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't swollen | alatomalmağan bolsala editomalmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't swollen |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mentomalır esemif I will swell | sentomalır eseŋif you will swell | oltomalır eseif he will swell | biztomalır esekif we will swell | siztomalır esegizif you all will swell | alatomalır eseleif they will swell |
| Conditional, aorist | mentomalmaz esemif I won't swell | sentomalmaz eseŋif you won't swell | oltomalmaz eseif he won't swell | biztomalmaz esekif we won't swell | siztomalmaz esegizif you all won't swell | alatomalmaz eseleif they won't swell |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mentomallıq esemif I am going to swell | sentomallıq eseŋif you are going to swell | oltomallıq eseif he is going to swell | biztomallıq esekif we are going to swell | siztomallıq esegizif you all are going to swell | alatomallıq eseleif they are going to swell |
| Conditional, future | mentomallıq tül esemif I am not going to swell | sentomallıq tül eseŋif you are not going to swell | oltomallıq tül eseif he is not going to swell | biztomallıq tül esekif we are not going to swell | siztomallıq tül esegizif you all are not going to swell | alatomallıq tül eseleif they are not going to swell |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentomallıq bolsamif I were going to swell | sentomallıq bolsaŋif you were going to swell | oltomallıq bolsaif he were going to swell | biztomallıq bolsaqif we were going to swell | siztomallıq bolsağızif you all were going to swell | alatomallıq bolsalaif they were going to swell |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentomalmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to swell | sentomalmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to swell | oltomalmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to swell | biztomalmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to swell | siztomalmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to swell | alatomalmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to swell |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso tomaldıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentomala bolurmaI must be swelling | sentomala bolursayou must be swelling | oltomala bolurhe must be swelling | biztomala bolurbuzwe must be swelling | siztomala bolursuzyou all must be swelling | alatomala bolurlathey must be swelling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentomalmay bolurmaI must not be swelling | sentomalmay bolursayou must not be swelling | oltomalmay bolurhe must not be swelling | biztomalmay bolurbuzwe must not be swelling | siztomalmay bolursuzyou all must not be swelling | alatomalmay bolurlathey must not be swelling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentomala tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of swelling | sentomala tura bolursayou must be in the middle of swelling | oltomala tura bolurhe must be in the middle of swelling | biztomala tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of swelling | siztomala tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of swelling | alatomala tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of swelling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentomalmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not swelling | sentomalmay tura bolursayou must keep on not swelling | oltomalmay tura bolurhe must keep on not swelling | biztomalmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not swelling | siztomalmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not swelling | alatomalmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not swelling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mentomalğan bolurmaI must have swollen | sentomalğan bolursayou must have swollen | oltomalğan bolurhe must have swollen | biztomalğan bolurbuzwe must have swollen | siztomalğan bolursuzyou all must have swollen | alatomalğan bolurlathey must have swollen |
| Inference (must have) | mentomalmağan bolurmaI must not have swollen | sentomalmağan bolursayou must not have swollen | oltomalmağan bolurhe must not have swollen | biztomalmağan bolurbuzwe must not have swollen | siztomalmağan bolursuzyou all must not have swollen | alatomalmağan bolurlathey must not have swollen |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentomallıq bolurmaI must be going to swell | sentomallıq bolursayou must be going to swell | oltomallıq bolurhe must be going to swell | biztomallıq bolurbuzwe must be going to swell | siztomallıq bolursuzyou all must be going to swell | alatomallıq bolurlathey must be going to swell |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentomalmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to swell | sentomalmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to swell | oltomalmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to swell | biztomalmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to swell | siztomalmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to swell | alatomalmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to swell |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mentomalayımlet me swell | sentomal!swell! | oltomalsınlet him swell | biztomalayıqlet's swell | siztomalığız!swell, you all! | alatomalsınlalet them swell |
| Commands & suggestions | mentomalmayımlet me not swell | sentomalma!don't swell! | oltomalmasınlet him not swell | biztomalmayıqlet's not swell | siztomalmağız!don't swell, you all! | alatomalmasınlalet them not swell |
| Commands & suggestions | mentomalayımmı?shall I swell? | oltomalsınmı?should he swell? | biztomalayıqmı?shall we swell? | alatomalsınlamı?should they swell? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mentomalmayımmı?shall I not swell? | oltomalmasınmı?should he not swell? | biztomalmayıqmı?shall we not swell? | alatomalmasınlamı?should they not swell? | ||
| Requests | sentomalçı2tomalçınplease swell | oltomalsınçıdo let him swell | siztomalçığızplease swell (plural/polite) | alatomalsınlaçıdo let them swell | ||
| Requests | sentomalmaçı2tomalmaçınplease don't swell | oltomalmasınçıdo let him not swell | siztomalmaçığızplease don't swell (plural/polite) | alatomalmasınlaçıdo let them not swell | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentomalğıntomalğımay you swell | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentomalmağıntomalmağımay you not swell | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentomalğay edim tomalğa edimwould that I swelled | sentomalğay ediŋ tomalğa ediŋwould that you swelled | oltomalğay edi tomalğa ediwould that he swelled | biztomalğay edik tomalğa edikwould that we swelled | siztomalğay edigiz tomalğa edigizwould that you all swelled | alatomalğay edile tomalğa edilewould that they swelled |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentomalmağay edim tomalmağa edimwould that I did not swell | sentomalmağay ediŋ tomalmağa ediŋwould that you did not swell | oltomalmağay edi tomalmağa ediwould that he did not swell | biztomalmağay edik tomalmağa edikwould that we did not swell | siztomalmağay edigiz tomalmağa edigizwould that you all did not swell | alatomalmağay edile tomalmağa edilewould that they did not swell |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentomalmağa qoyayımtomalma qoyayımlet me allow someone to swell | sentomalmağa qoy!tomalma qoy!let someone swell! | oltomalmağa qoysuntomalma qoysunlet him allow someone to swell | biztomalmağa qoyayıqtomalma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to swell | siztomalmağa qoyuğuz!tomalma qoyuğuz!let someone swell, you all! | alatomalmağa qoysunlatomalma qoysunlalet them allow someone to swell |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentomalmağa qoymayımtomalma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to swell | sentomalmağa qoyma!tomalma qoyma!don't let someone swell! | oltomalmağa qoymasıntomalma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to swell | biztomalmağa qoymayıqtomalma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to swell | siztomalmağa qoymağız!tomalma qoymağız!don't let someone swell, you all! | alatomalmağa qoymasınlatomalma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to swell |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentomalmağa qoyayımmı?tomalma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to swell? | oltomalmağa qoysunmu?tomalma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to swell? | biztomalmağa qoyayıqmı?tomalma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to swell? | alatomalmağa qoysunlamı?tomalma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to swell? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentomalmağa qoymayımmı?tomalma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to swell? | oltomalmağa qoymasınmı?tomalma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to swell? | biztomalmağa qoymayıqmı?tomalma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to swell? | alatomalmağa qoymasınlamı?tomalma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to swell? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mentomalmağa qoyamatomalma qoyamaI allow someone to swell | sentomalmağa qoyasatomalma qoyasayou allow someone to swell | oltomalmağa qoyadıtomalma qoyadıhe allows someone to swell | biztomalmağa qoyabıztomalma qoyabızwe allow someone to swell | siztomalmağa qoyasıztomalma qoyasızyou all allow someone to swell | alatomalmağa qoyadılatomalma qoyadılathey allow someone to swell |
| Let someone… (present) | mentomalmağa qoymaymatomalma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to swell | sentomalmağa qoymaysatomalma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to swell | oltomalmağa qoymaydıtomalma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to swell | biztomalmağa qoymaybıztomalma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to swell | siztomalmağa qoymaysıztomalma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to swell | alatomalmağa qoymaydılatomalma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to swell |
| Let someone… (present) | mentomalmağa qoyamamı?tomalma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to swell? | sentomalmağa qoyamısa?tomalma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to swell? | oltomalmağa qoyamıdı?tomalma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to swell? | biztomalmağa qoyabızmı?tomalma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to swell? | siztomalmağa qoyamısız?tomalma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to swell? | alatomalmağa qoyamıdıla?tomalma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to swell? |
| Let someone… (present) | mentomalmağa qoymaymamı?tomalma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to swell? | sentomalmağa qoymaymısa?tomalma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to swell? | oltomalmağa qoymaymıdı?tomalma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to swell? | biztomalmağa qoymaybızmı?tomalma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to swell? | siztomalmağa qoymaymısız?tomalma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to swell? | alatomalmağa qoymaymıdıla?tomalma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to swell? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentomalmağa qoydumtomalma qoydumI allowed someone to swell | sentomalmağa qoyduŋtomalma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to swell | oltomalmağa qoydutomalma qoyduhe allowed someone to swell | biztomalmağa qoyduqtomalma qoyduqwe allowed someone to swell | siztomalmağa qoyduğuztomalma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to swell | alatomalmağa qoydulatomalma qoydulathey allowed someone to swell |
| Let someone… (past) | mentomalmağa qoymadımtomalma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to swell | sentomalmağa qoymadıŋtomalma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to swell | oltomalmağa qoymadıtomalma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to swell | biztomalmağa qoymadıqtomalma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to swell | siztomalmağa qoymadığıztomalma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to swell | alatomalmağa qoymadılatomalma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to swell |
| Let someone… (past) | mentomalmağa qoydummu?tomalma qoydummu?did I allow someone to swell? | sentomalmağa qoyduŋmu?tomalma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to swell? | oltomalmağa qoydumu?tomalma qoydumu?did he allow someone to swell? | biztomalmağa qoyduqmu?tomalma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to swell? | siztomalmağa qoyduğuzmu?tomalma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to swell? | alatomalmağa qoydulamı?tomalma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to swell? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentomalmağa qoymadımmı?tomalma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to swell? | sentomalmağa qoymadıŋmı?tomalma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to swell? | oltomalmağa qoymadımı?tomalma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to swell? | biztomalmağa qoymadıqmı?tomalma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to swell? | siztomalmağa qoymadığızmı?tomalma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to swell? | alatomalmağa qoymadılamı?tomalma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to swell? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
tomalalırğa be able to swell · tomalalmazğa be unable to swell
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mentomalalamaI can swell | sentomalalasayou can swell | oltomalaladıhe can swell | biztomalalabızwe can swell | siztomalalasızyou all can swell | alatomalaladılathey can swell |
| Ability — present | mentomalalmaymaI can't swell | sentomalalmaysayou can't swell | oltomalalmaydıhe can't swell | biztomalalmaybızwe can't swell | siztomalalmaysızyou all can't swell | alatomalalmaydılathey can't swell |
| Ability — present | mentomalalamamı? tomalalamıma?can I swell? | sentomalalamısa?can you swell? | oltomalalamıdı?can he swell? | biztomalalabızmı? tomalalamıbız?can we swell? | siztomalalamısız?can you all swell? | alatomalalamıdıla?can they swell? |
| Ability — present | mentomalalmaymamı? tomalalmaymıma?can't I swell? | sentomalalmaymısa?can't you swell? | oltomalalmaymıdı?can't he swell? | biztomalalmaybızmı? tomalalmaymıbız?can't we swell? | siztomalalmaymısız?can't you all swell? | alatomalalmaymıdıla?can't they swell? |
| Ability — if I can… | mentomalalsamif I can swell | sentomalalsaŋif you can swell | oltomalalsaif he can swell | biztomalalsaqif we can swell | siztomalalsağızif you all can swell | alatomalalsalaif they can swell |
| Ability — if I can… | mentomalalmasamif I can't swell | sentomalalmasaŋif you can't swell | oltomalalmasaif he can't swell | biztomalalmasaqif we can't swell | siztomalalmasağızif you all can't swell | alatomalalmasalaif they can't swell |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mentomalaldımI was able to swell | sentomalaldıŋyou were able to swell | oltomalaldıhe was able to swell | biztomalaldıqwe were able to swell | siztomalaldığızyou all were able to swell | alatomalaldılathey were able to swell |
| Ability — simple past | mentomalalmadımI could not swell | sentomalalmadıŋyou could not swell | oltomalalmadıhe could not swell | biztomalalmadıqwe could not swell | siztomalalmadığızyou all could not swell | alatomalalmadılathey could not swell |
| Ability — simple past | mentomalaldımmı?was I able to swell? | sentomalaldıŋmı?were you able to swell? | oltomalaldımı?was he able to swell? | biztomalaldıqmı?were we able to swell? | siztomalaldığızmı?were you all able to swell? | alatomalaldılamı?were they able to swell? |
| Ability — simple past | mentomalalmadımmı?couldn't I swell? | sentomalalmadıŋmı?couldn't you swell? | oltomalalmadımı?couldn't he swell? | biztomalalmadıqmı?couldn't we swell? | siztomalalmadığızmı?couldn't you all swell? | alatomalalmadılamı?couldn't they swell? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentomalalğanmaI have been able to swell | sentomalalğansayou have been able to swell | oltomalalğandıhe has been able to swell | biztomalalğanbızwe have been able to swell | siztomalalğansızyou all have been able to swell | alatomalalğandılathey have been able to swell |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentomalalmağanmaI haven't been able to swell | sentomalalmağansayou haven't been able to swell | oltomalalmağandıhe hasn't been able to swell | biztomalalmağanbızwe haven't been able to swell | siztomalalmağansızyou all haven't been able to swell | alatomalalmağandılathey haven't been able to swell |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentomalalğanmamı? tomalalğanmıma?have I been able to swell? | sentomalalğanmısa?have you been able to swell? | oltomalalğanmıdı?has he been able to swell? | biztomalalğanbızmı? tomalalğanmıbız?have we been able to swell? | siztomalalğanmısız?have you all been able to swell? | alatomalalğanmıdıla?have they been able to swell? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentomalalmağanmamı? tomalalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to swell? | sentomalalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to swell? | oltomalalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to swell? | biztomalalmağanbızmı? tomalalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to swell? | siztomalalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to swell? | alatomalalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to swell? |
| Ability — past perfect | mentomalalğan edimtomalalğanemI had been able to swell | sentomalalğan ediŋtomalalğaneŋyou had been able to swell | oltomalalğan editomalalğanedhe had been able to swell | biztomalalğan ediktomalalğanekwe had been able to swell | siztomalalğan edigiztomalalğanegizyou all had been able to swell | alatomalalğan ediletomalalğanellethey had been able to swell |
| Ability — past perfect | mentomalalmağan edimtomalalmağanemI hadn't been able to swell | sentomalalmağan ediŋtomalalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to swell | oltomalalmağan editomalalmağanedhe hadn't been able to swell | biztomalalmağan ediktomalalmağanekwe hadn't been able to swell | siztomalalmağan edigiztomalalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to swell | alatomalalmağan ediletomalalmağanellethey hadn't been able to swell |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mentomalala edimtomalalaemI could swell | sentomalala ediŋtomalalaeŋyou could swell | oltomalala editomalalaedhe could swell | biztomalala ediktomalalaekwe could swell | siztomalala edigiztomalalaegizyou all could swell | alatomalala ediletomalalaellethey could swell |
| Ability — past background | mentomalalmay edimtomalalmayemI could not swell | sentomalalmay ediŋtomalalmayeŋyou could not swell | oltomalalmay editomalalmayedhe could not swell | biztomalalmay ediktomalalmayekwe could not swell | siztomalalmay edigiztomalalmayegizyou all could not swell | alatomalalmay ediletomalalmayellethey could not swell |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mentomalalırmaI will be able to swell | sentomalalırsayou will be able to swell | oltomalalırhe will be able to swell | biztomalalırbızwe will be able to swell | siztomalalırsızyou all will be able to swell | alatomalalırlathey will be able to swell |
| Ability — future I | mentomalalmazmaI won't be able to swell | sentomalalmazsayou won't be able to swell | oltomalalmazhe won't be able to swell | biztomalalmazbızwe won't be able to swell | siztomalalmazsızyou all won't be able to swell | alatomalalmazlathey won't be able to swell |
| Ability — future I | mentomalalırmamı? tomalalırmıma?will I be able to swell? | sentomalalırmısa?will you be able to swell? | oltomalalırmı?will he be able to swell? | biztomalalırbızmı? tomalalırmıbız?will we be able to swell? | siztomalalırmısız?will you all be able to swell? | alatomalalırlamı? tomalalırmıla?will they be able to swell? |
| Ability — future I | mentomalalmazmamı? tomalalmazmıma?won't I be able to swell? | sentomalalmazmısa?won't you be able to swell? | oltomalalmazmı?won't he be able to swell? | biztomalalmazbızmı? tomalalmazmıbız?won't we be able to swell? | siztomalalmazmısız?won't you all be able to swell? | alatomalalmazlamı? tomalalmazmıla?won't they be able to swell? |
| Ability — future II | mentomalallıqmaI am going to be able to swell | sentomalallıqsayou are going to be able to swell | oltomalallıqdıhe is going to be able to swell | biztomalallıqbızwe are going to be able to swell | siztomalallıqsızyou all are going to be able to swell | alatomalallıqdılathey are going to be able to swell |
| Ability — future II | mentomalallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to swell | sentomalallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to swell | oltomalallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to swell | biztomalallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to swell | siztomalallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to swell | alatomalallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to swell |
| Ability — future II | mentomalallıqmamı? tomalallıqmıma?am I going to be able to swell? | sentomalallıqmısa?are you going to be able to swell? | oltomalallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to swell? | biztomalallıqbızmı? tomalallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to swell? | siztomalallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to swell? | alatomalallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to swell? |
| Ability — future II | mentomalallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to swell? | sentomalallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to swell? | oltomalallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to swell? | biztomalallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to swell? | siztomalallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to swell? | alatomalallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to swell? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentomalalır edimtomalalır emI would be able to swell | sentomalalır ediŋtomalalır eŋyou would be able to swell | oltomalalır editomalalır edhe would be able to swell | biztomalalır ediktomalalır ekwe would be able to swell | siztomalalır edigiztomalalır egizyou all would be able to swell | alatomalalır ediletomalalır ellethey would be able to swell |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentomalalmaz edimtomalalmaz emI wouldn't be able to swell | sentomalalmaz ediŋtomalalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to swell | oltomalalmaz editomalalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to swell | biztomalalmaz ediktomalalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to swell | siztomalalmaz edigiztomalalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to swell | alatomalalmaz ediletomalalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to swell |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentomalalğıntomalalğımay you be able to swell | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentomalalmağıntomalalmağımay you not be able to swell | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mentomalırğa izleymeI want to swell | sentomalırğa izleyseyou want to swell | oltomalırğa izleydihe wants to swell | biztomalırğa izleybizwe want to swell | siztomalırğa izleysizyou all want to swell | alatomalırğa izleydilethey want to swell |
| want to | mentomalırğa izlemeymeI do not want to swell | sentomalırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to swell | oltomalırğa izlemeydihe does not want to swell | biztomalırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to swell | siztomalırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to swell | alatomalırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to swell |
| would like to | mentomalırğa süemeI would like to swell | sentomalırğa süeseyou would like to swell | oltomalırğa süedihe would like to swell | biztomalırğa süebizwe would like to swell | siztomalırğa süesizyou all would like to swell | alatomalırğa süedilethey would like to swell |
| would like to | mentomalırğa süymeymeI would not like to swell | sentomalırğa süymeyseyou would not like to swell | oltomalırğa süymeydihe would not like to swell | biztomalırğa süymeybizwe would not like to swell | siztomalırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to swell | alatomalırğa süymeydilethey would not like to swell |
| hope to | mentomalırğa umutlanamaI hope to swell | sentomalırğa umutlanasayou hope to swell | oltomalırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to swell | biztomalırğa umutlanabızwe hope to swell | siztomalırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to swell | alatomalırğa umutlanadılathey hope to swell |
| hope to | mentomalırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to swell | sentomalırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to swell | oltomalırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to swell | biztomalırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to swell | siztomalırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to swell | alatomalırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to swell |
| be about to | mentomalırğa deb turamaI am about to swell | sentomalırğa deb turasayou are about to swell | oltomalırğa deb turadıhe is about to swell | biztomalırğa deb turabızwe are about to swell | siztomalırğa deb turasızyou all are about to swell | alatomalırğa deb turadılathey are about to swell |
| be about to | mentomalırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to swell | sentomalırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to swell | oltomalırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to swell | biztomalırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to swell | siztomalırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to swell | alatomalırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to swell |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mentomalırğa kerekmeI need to swell | sentomalırğa kerekseyou need to swell | oltomalırğa kerekdihe needs to swell | biztomalırğa kerekbizwe need to swell | siztomalırğa kereksizyou all need to swell | alatomalırğa kerekdilethey need to swell |
| need to | mentomalırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to swell | sentomalırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to swell | oltomalırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to swell | biztomalırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to swell | siztomalırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to swell | alatomalırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to swell |
| have to | menmenŋe tomalırğa tüşediI have to swell | sensenŋe tomalırğa tüşediyou have to swell | olaŋa tomalırğa tüşedihe has to swell | bizbizge tomalırğa tüşediwe have to swell | sizsizge tomalırğa tüşediyou all have to swell | alaalağa tomalırğa tüşedithey have to swell |
| have to | menmenŋe tomalırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to swell | sensenŋe tomalırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to swell | olaŋa tomalırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to swell | bizbizge tomalırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to swell | sizsizge tomalırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to swell | alaalağa tomalırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to swell |
| be obliged to | mentomalırğa borçlumaI am obliged to swell | sentomalırğa borçlusayou are obliged to swell | oltomalırğa borçluduhe is obliged to swell | biztomalırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to swell | siztomalırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to swell | alatomalırğa borçludulathey are obliged to swell |
| be obliged to | mentomalırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to swell | sentomalırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to swell | oltomalırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to swell | biztomalırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to swell | siztomalırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to swell | alatomalırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to swell |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mentomalırğa madarım bardıI have a way to swell | sentomalırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to swell | oltomalırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to swell | biztomalırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to swell | siztomalırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to swell | alatomalırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to swell |
| have a way to | mentomalırğa madarım joqduI have no way to swell | sentomalırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to swell | oltomalırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to swell | biztomalırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to swell | siztomalırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to swell | alatomalırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to swell |
| be free to | mentomalırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to swell | sentomalırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to swell | oltomalırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to swell | biztomalırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to swell | siztomalırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to swell | alatomalırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to swell |
| be free to | mentomalırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to swell | sentomalırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to swell | oltomalırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to swell | biztomalırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to swell | siztomalırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to swell | alatomalırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to swell |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tomalırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to swell | sensenŋe tomalırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to swell | olaŋa tomalırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to swell | bizbizge tomalırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to swell | sizsizge tomalırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to swell | alaalağa tomalırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to swell |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tomalırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to swell | sensenŋe tomalırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to swell | olaŋa tomalırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to swell | bizbizge tomalırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to swell | sizsizge tomalırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to swell | alaalağa tomalırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to swell |
| be ready to | mentomalırğa hazırmaI am ready to swell | sentomalırğa hazırsayou are ready to swell | oltomalırğa hazırdıhe is ready to swell | biztomalırğa hazırbızwe are ready to swell | siztomalırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to swell | alatomalırğa hazırdılathey are ready to swell |
| be ready to | mentomalırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to swell | sentomalırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to swell | oltomalırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to swell | biztomalırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to swell | siztomalırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to swell | alatomalırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to swell |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mentomalırğa küreşemeI am trying to swell | sentomalırğa küreşeseyou are trying to swell | oltomalırğa küreşedihe is trying to swell | biztomalırğa küreşebizwe are trying to swell | siztomalırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to swell | alatomalırğa küreşedilethey are trying to swell |
| try to | mentomalırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to swell | sentomalırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to swell | oltomalırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to swell | biztomalırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to swell | siztomalırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to swell | alatomalırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to swell |
| agree to | mentomalırğa unaymaI agree to swell | sentomalırğa unaysayou agree to swell | oltomalırğa unaydıhe agrees to swell | biztomalırğa unaybızwe agree to swell | siztomalırğa unaysızyou all agree to swell | alatomalırğa unaydılathey agree to swell |
| agree to | mentomalırğa unamaymaI refuse to swell | sentomalırğa unamaysayou refuse to swell | oltomalırğa unamaydıhe refuses to swell | biztomalırğa unamaybızwe refuse to swell | siztomalırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to swell | alatomalırğa unamaydılathey refuse to swell |
| hurry to | mentomalırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to swell | sentomalırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to swell | oltomalırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to swell | biztomalırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to swell | siztomalırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to swell | alatomalırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to swell |
| hurry to | mentomalırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to swell | sentomalırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to swell | oltomalırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to swell | biztomalırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to swell | siztomalırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to swell | alatomalırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to swell |
| be afraid to | mentomalırğa qorqamaI am afraid to swell | sentomalırğa qorqasayou are afraid to swell | oltomalırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to swell | biztomalırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to swell | siztomalırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to swell | alatomalırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to swell |
| be afraid to | mentomalırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to swell | sentomalırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to swell | oltomalırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to swell | biztomalırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to swell | siztomalırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to swell | alatomalırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to swell |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mentomala bolmazmaI can't be swelling | sentomala bolmazsayou can't be swelling | oltomala bolmazhe can't be swelling | biztomala bolmazbızwe can't be swelling | siztomala bolmazsızyou all can't be swelling | alatomala bolmazlathey can't be swelling |
| Inference, present — double negation | mentomalmay bolmazmaI must be swelling (emphatic) | sentomalmay bolmazsayou must be swelling (emphatic) | oltomalmay bolmazhe must be swelling (emphatic) | biztomalmay bolmazbızwe must be swelling (emphatic) | siztomalmay bolmazsızyou all must be swelling (emphatic) | alatomalmay bolmazlathey must be swelling (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mentomala turmasamif I don't keep swelling | sentomala turmasaŋif you don't keep swelling | oltomala turmasaif he doesn't keep swelling | biztomala turmasaqif we don't keep swelling | siztomala turmasağızif you all don't keep swelling | alatomala turmasalaif they don't keep swelling |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mentomala tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of swelling | sentomala tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of swelling | oltomala tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of swelling | biztomala tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of swelling | siztomala tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of swelling | alatomala tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of swelling |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mentomalmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not swelling (emphatic) | sentomalmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not swelling (emphatic) | oltomalmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not swelling (emphatic) | biztomalmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not swelling (emphatic) | siztomalmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not swelling (emphatic) | alatomalmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not swelling (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mentomalmay turamaI keep on not swelling | sentomalmay turasayou keep on not swelling | oltomalmay turadıhe keeps on not swelling | biztomalmay turabızwe keep on not swelling | siztomalmay turasızyou all keep on not swelling | alatomalmay turadılathey keep on not swelling |
| Progressive — double negation | mentomalmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not swelling | sentomalmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not swelling | oltomalmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not swelling | biztomalmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not swelling | siztomalmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not swelling | alatomalmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not swelling |
| Progressive — double negation | mentomalmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not swelling? | sentomalmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not swelling? | oltomalmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not swelling? | biztomalmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not swelling? | siztomalmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not swelling? | alatomalmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not swelling? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mentomalğan bolmazmaI can't have swollen | sentomalğan bolmazsayou can't have swollen | oltomalğan bolmazhe can't have swollen | biztomalğan bolmazbızwe can't have swollen | siztomalğan bolmazsızyou all can't have swollen | alatomalğan bolmazlathey can't have swollen |
| Inference — double negation | mentomalmağan bolmazmaI must have swollen (emphatic) | sentomalmağan bolmazsayou must have swollen (emphatic) | oltomalmağan bolmazhe must have swollen (emphatic) | biztomalmağan bolmazbızwe must have swollen (emphatic) | siztomalmağan bolmazsızyou all must have swollen (emphatic) | alatomalmağan bolmazlathey must have swollen (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mentomalğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had swollen | sentomalğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had swollen | oltomalğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had swollen | biztomalğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had swollen | siztomalğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had swollen | alatomalğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had swollen |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mentomalmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't swollen | sentomalmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't swollen | oltomalmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't swollen | biztomalmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't swollen | siztomalmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't swollen | alatomalmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't swollen |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mentomallıq bolmazmaI can't be going to swell | sentomallıq bolmazsayou can't be going to swell | oltomallıq bolmazhe can't be going to swell | biztomallıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to swell | siztomallıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to swell | alatomallıq bolmazlathey can't be going to swell |
| Inference, future — double negation | mentomalmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to swell (emphatic) | sentomalmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to swell (emphatic) | oltomalmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to swell (emphatic) | biztomalmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to swell (emphatic) | siztomalmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to swell (emphatic) | alatomalmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to swell (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mentomallıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to swell | sentomallıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to swell | oltomallıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to swell | biztomallıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to swell | siztomallıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to swell | alatomallıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to swell |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mentomalmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to swell | sentomalmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to swell | oltomalmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to swell | biztomalmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to swell | siztomalmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to swell | alatomalmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to swell |