teŋiş
/teŋiʃ/ · plural teŋişle
1. peer, one of the same age
- ala teŋişdile — they are peers
- meni teŋişim — my peer
- teŋişleri bla oynaydı — he plays with his peers
- teŋişle birge oynaydıla — peers play together
2. almost equal, nearly the same — Also used as an adverb: 'almost equally, at nearly the same time' (finişge teŋiş jetdile 'they reached the finish at almost the same time').
- alanı boyları teŋişdi — their height is nearly the same
- teŋiş ülüşle — nearly equal shares
- çabışhanla finişge teŋiş jetdile — the runners reached the finish almost together
3. draw, tie
- oyunda teŋiş bolurğa — to end the game in a draw
- teŋiş bla boşaldı — it ended in a draw
4. even, regular, rhythmic — Also used adverbially: 'evenly, steadily'.
- teŋiş atlam — an even step
- jürek teŋiş uradı — the heart beats evenly
- ösümnü teŋiş barıwu — the even course of growth
5. equation
- qıyın teŋiş — a difficult equation
- bir belgisizi bolğan teŋiş — an equation with one unknown
- eki belgisizi bolğan teŋiş — an equation with two unknowns
As a noun
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | teŋişthe peer | teŋişimmy peer | teŋişiŋyour peer | teŋişihis peer | teŋişibizour peer | teŋişigizyou all's peer | teŋişleritheir peers |
| Genitive | teŋişnithe peer's | teŋişimimy peer's | teŋişiŋiyour peer's | teŋişinihis peer's | teŋişibizniour peer's | teŋişigizniyou all's peer's | teŋişlerinitheir peers' |
| Accusative | teŋişnithe peer (as the object) | teŋişimimy peer (as the object) | teŋişiŋiyour peer (as the object) | teŋişinhis peer (as the object) | teŋişibizniour peer (as the object) | teŋişigizniyou all's peer (as the object) | teŋişlerintheir peers (as the object) |
| Dative | teŋişgeto the peer | teŋişimeto my peer | teŋişiŋeto your peer | teŋişineto his peer | teŋişibizgeto our peer | teŋişigizgeto you all's peer | teŋişlerineto their peers |
| Locative | teŋişdein / at the peer | teŋişimdein / at my peer | teŋişiŋdein / at your peer | teŋişindein / at his peer | teŋişibizdein / at our peer | teŋişigizdein / at you all's peer | teŋişlerindein / at their peers |
| Ablative | teŋişdenfrom the peer | teŋişimdenfrom my peer | teŋişiŋdenfrom your peer | teŋişindenfrom his peer | teŋişibizdenfrom our peer | teŋişigizdenfrom you all's peer | teŋişlerindenfrom their peers |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | teŋişlethe peers | teŋişlerimmy peers | teŋişleriŋyour peers | teŋişlerihis peers | teŋişleribizour peers | teŋişlerigizyou all's peers | teŋişleritheir peers |
| Genitive | teŋişlenithe peers' | teŋişlerimimy peers' | teŋişleriŋiyour peers' | teŋişlerinihis peers' | teŋişleribizniour peers' | teŋişlerigizniyou all's peers' | teŋişlerinitheir peers' |
| Accusative | teŋişlenithe peers (as the object) | teŋişlerimimy peers (as the object) | teŋişleriŋiyour peers (as the object) | teŋişlerinhis peers (as the object) | teŋişleribizniour peers (as the object) | teŋişlerigizniyou all's peers (as the object) | teŋişlerintheir peers (as the object) |
| Dative | teŋişlegeto the peers | teŋişlerimeto my peers | teŋişleriŋeto your peers | teŋişlerineto his peers | teŋişleribizgeto our peers | teŋişlerigizgeto you all's peers | teŋişlerineto their peers |
| Locative | teŋişledein / at the peers | teŋişlerimdein / at my peers | teŋişleriŋdein / at your peers | teŋişlerindein / at his peers | teŋişleribizdein / at our peers | teŋişlerigizdein / at you all's peers | teŋişlerindein / at their peers |
| Ablative | teŋişledenfrom the peers | teŋişlerimdenfrom my peers | teŋişleriŋdenfrom your peers | teŋişlerindenfrom his peers | teŋişleribizdenfrom our peers | teŋişlerigizdenfrom you all's peers | teŋişlerindenfrom their peers |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: teŋişleri can mean "his / her peers", "their peer", or "their peers" — context decides.
Whose it is
| Case | one thing, one owner | several things, one owner | one thing, several owners | several things, several owners |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | teŋişnikithe peer's one | teŋişnikilethe peer's ones | teŋişlenikithe peers' one | teŋişlenikilethe peers' ones |
| Genitive | teŋişnikiniof the peer's one | teŋişnikileniof the peer's ones | teŋişlenikiniof the peers' one | teŋişlenikileniof the peers' ones |
| Accusative | teŋişnikinthe peer's one (as the object) | teŋişnikilenithe peer's ones (as the object) | teŋişlenikinthe peers' one (as the object) | teŋişlenikilenithe peers' ones (as the object) |
| Dative | teŋişnikineto the peer's one | teŋişnikilegeto the peer's ones | teŋişlenikineto the peers' one | teŋişlenikilegeto the peers' ones |
| Locative | teŋişnikindein / at the peer's one | teŋişnikiledein / at the peer's ones | teŋişlenikindein / at the peers' one | teŋişlenikiledein / at the peers' ones |
| Ablative | teŋişnikindenfrom the peer's one | teŋişnikiledenfrom the peer's ones | teŋişlenikindenfrom the peers' one | teŋişlenikiledenfrom the peers' ones |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
As an adjective
Degrees and persons
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | teŋişmeI am nearly equal | teŋişseyou are nearly equal | teŋişdihe is nearly equal | teŋişbizwe are nearly equal | teŋişsizyou all are nearly equal | teŋişdilethey are nearly equal |
| comparative — more | teŋişirekmeI am more nearly equal | teŋişirekseyou are more nearly equal | teŋişirekdihe is more nearly equal | teŋişirekbizwe are more nearly equal | teŋişireksizyou all are more nearly equal | teŋişirekdilethey are more nearly equal |
| intensifier — very | bek teŋişmeI am very nearly equal | bek teŋişseyou are very nearly equal | bek teŋişdihe is very nearly equal | bek teŋişbizwe are very nearly equal | bek teŋişsizyou all are very nearly equal | bek teŋişdilethey are very nearly equal |
| superlative — most | em teŋişmeI am the most nearly equal | em teŋişseyou are the most nearly equal | em teŋişdihe is the most nearly equal | em teŋişbizwe are the most nearly equal | em teŋişsizyou all are the most nearly equal | em teŋişdilethey are the most nearly equal |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden teŋişdi — "compared to me, he is nearly equal."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki teŋişdimine is nearly equal | seniki teŋişdiyours is nearly equal | anıqı teŋişdihis is nearly equal | bizniki teŋişdiours is nearly equal | sizniki teŋişdiyours (pl.) is nearly equal | alanıqı teŋişditheirs is nearly equal |
| comparative — more | meniki teŋişirekdimine is more nearly equal | seniki teŋişirekdiyours is more nearly equal | anıqı teŋişirekdihis is more nearly equal | bizniki teŋişirekdiours is more nearly equal | sizniki teŋişirekdiyours (pl.) is more nearly equal | alanıqı teŋişirekditheirs is more nearly equal |
| intensifier — very | meniki bek teŋişdimine is very nearly equal | seniki bek teŋişdiyours is very nearly equal | anıqı bek teŋişdihis is very nearly equal | bizniki bek teŋişdiours is very nearly equal | sizniki bek teŋişdiyours (pl.) is very nearly equal | alanıqı bek teŋişditheirs is very nearly equal |
| superlative — most | meniki em teŋişdimine is the most nearly equal | seniki em teŋişdiyours is the most nearly equal | anıqı em teŋişdihis is the most nearly equal | bizniki em teŋişdiours is the most nearly equal | sizniki em teŋişdiyours (pl.) is the most nearly equal | alanıqı em teŋişditheirs is the most nearly equal |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile teŋişdilemine are nearly equal | senikile teŋişdileyours are nearly equal | anıqıla teŋişdilehis are nearly equal | biznikile teŋişdileours are nearly equal | siznikile teŋişdileyours (pl.) are nearly equal | alanıqıla teŋişdiletheirs are nearly equal |
| comparative — more | menikile teŋişirekdilemine are more nearly equal | senikile teŋişirekdileyours are more nearly equal | anıqıla teŋişirekdilehis are more nearly equal | biznikile teŋişirekdileours are more nearly equal | siznikile teŋişirekdileyours (pl.) are more nearly equal | alanıqıla teŋişirekdiletheirs are more nearly equal |
| intensifier — very | menikile bek teŋişdilemine are very nearly equal | senikile bek teŋişdileyours are very nearly equal | anıqıla bek teŋişdilehis are very nearly equal | biznikile bek teŋişdileours are very nearly equal | siznikile bek teŋişdileyours (pl.) are very nearly equal | alanıqıla bek teŋişdiletheirs are very nearly equal |
| superlative — most | menikile em teŋişdilemine are the most nearly equal | senikile em teŋişdileyours are the most nearly equal | anıqıla em teŋişdilehis are the most nearly equal | biznikile em teŋişdileours are the most nearly equal | siznikile em teŋişdileyours (pl.) are the most nearly equal | alanıqıla em teŋişdiletheirs are the most nearly equal |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu teŋişdi, bıla teŋişdile. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".