tas
/tas/
1. lost, missing, vanished
- tas qoy — a lost sheep
- tas açhamı tabdım — I found my lost money
- qoyubuz tas bolub qaldı — our sheep got lost
- qayrı tas bolduŋ? — where did you vanish to?
- qazawatda tas bolğandı — he went missing in the war
- qıyınıbız tas bolmadı — our labor was not lost
- kitabnı qayrı tas etdiŋ? — where did you lose the book?
- qoy tawda tas boldu — the sheep got lost on the mountain
- eski adetle tas bolmasınla — may the old customs not vanish
2. large bowl, dish
- bu tas bek ulludu — this bowl is very big
- tasnı içine süt quydula — they poured milk into the bowl
- ullu tasda suw keltirdile — they brought water in a large bowl
Expressions
- başın duniyadan tas eterge — take one's life
- betin tas etmey — without disgrace
- qıyını tas bolurğa — labor go to waste
- şibijiyanı sabanıça tas bolurğa — vanish without trace
As an adjective
Saying it about someone
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | tasmaI am lost | tassayou are lost | tasdıhe is lost | tasbızwe are lost | tassızyou all are lost | tasdılathey are lost |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden tasdı — "compared to me, he is lost."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki tasdımine is lost | seniki tasdıyours is lost | anıqı tasdıhis is lost | bizniki tasdıours is lost | sizniki tasdıyours (pl.) is lost | alanıqı tasdıtheirs is lost |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile tasdılamine are lost | senikile tasdılayours are lost | anıqıla tasdılahis are lost | biznikile tasdılaours are lost | siznikile tasdılayours (pl.) are lost | alanıqıla tasdılatheirs are lost |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu tasdı, bıla tasdıla. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".
As a noun
Cases and owners
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tasthe large bowl | tasımmy large bowl | tasıŋyour large bowl | tasıhis large bowl | tasıbızour large bowl | tasığızyou all's large bowl | taslarıtheir large bowls |
| Genitive | tasnıthe large bowl's | tasımımy large bowl's | tasıŋıyour large bowl's | tasınıhis large bowl's | tasıbıznıour large bowl's | tasığıznıyou all's large bowl's | taslarınıtheir large bowls' |
| Accusative | tasnıthe large bowl (as the object) | tasımımy large bowl (as the object) | tasıŋıyour large bowl (as the object) | tasınhis large bowl (as the object) | tasıbıznıour large bowl (as the object) | tasığıznıyou all's large bowl (as the object) | taslarıntheir large bowls (as the object) |
| Dative | tashato the large bowl | tasımato my large bowl | tasıŋato your large bowl | tasınato his large bowl | tasıbızğato our large bowl | tasığızğato you all's large bowl | taslarınato their large bowls |
| Locative | tasdain / at the large bowl | tasımdain / at my large bowl | tasıŋdain / at your large bowl | tasındain / at his large bowl | tasıbızdain / at our large bowl | tasığızdain / at you all's large bowl | taslarındain / at their large bowls |
| Ablative | tasdanfrom the large bowl | tasımdanfrom my large bowl | tasıŋdanfrom your large bowl | tasındanfrom his large bowl | tasıbızdanfrom our large bowl | tasığızdanfrom you all's large bowl | taslarındanfrom their large bowls |
There is no plural of this word. The ending would attach like any other — it is the word, not the grammar, that refuses: this is not something Karachay counts.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.