sürkelirge
/syrkelirɡe/
1. crawl, creep
- tülkü sürkelib baradı — the fox is creeping along
- jılan terk sürkeledi — the snake crawls fast
- sürkelib çığarğa — to crawl out
- sürkelib kirirge — to crawl in
- jerde sürkelirge — to crawl on the ground
2. move very slowly, drag along, inch forward — With alğa it means creep forward or move forward slowly.
- maşina sürkelib baradı — the car crawls along
- bılay sürkelib barmaz edi — would not crawl along like this
- alğa sürkelirge — to inch forward
- sürkelib barırğa — to move along at a crawl
- qart jol bla sürkeledi — the old man inches along the road
- arba jol bla sürkeledi — the cart drags along the road
3. scrape by, get by somehow, live from hand to mouth
- sürkelirge küreşebiz — we try to scrape by
- sürkele barabız — we get by somehow
- qıynalıb sürkelirge — to get by with difficulty
- sürkelib jaşarğa — to live from hand to mouth
4. lag behind, fall behind one source
- artda sürkelgen mülkleni biridi — is one of the farms lagging behind
- ol oquwda sürkeledi — he is falling behind in his studies
- işde sürkelirge — to lag behind at work
- oquwda sürkelirge — to fall behind in one's studies
- ızda sürkelirge — to trail behind
Conjugation
Common forms
- sürkeledihe is crawling
- sürkeldihe crawled
- sürkelgendihe has crawled
- sürkelirhe will crawl
- sürkellikdihe is going to crawl
- sürkele edihe was crawling
- sürkelseif he crawls
- sürkel!crawl!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensürkelemeI am crawling | sensürkeleseyou are crawling | olsürkeledihe is crawling | bizsürkelebizwe are crawling | sizsürkelesizyou all are crawling | alasürkeledilethey are crawling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensürkelmeymeI am not crawling | sensürkelmeyseyou are not crawling | olsürkelmeydihe is not crawling | bizsürkelmeybizwe are not crawling | sizsürkelmeysizyou all are not crawling | alasürkelmeydilethey are not crawling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensürkelememi? sürkelemime?am I crawling? | sensürkelemise?are you crawling? | olsürkelemidi?is he crawling? | bizsürkelebizmi? sürkelemibiz?are we crawling? | sizsürkelemisiz?are you all crawling? | alasürkelemidile?are they crawling? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensürkelmeymemi? sürkelmeymime?aren't I crawling? | sensürkelmeymise?aren't you crawling? | olsürkelmeymidi?isn't he crawling? | bizsürkelmeybizmi? sürkelmeymibiz?aren't we crawling? | sizsürkelmeymisiz?aren't you all crawling? | alasürkelmeymidile?aren't they crawling? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensürkeliwçenmeI usually crawl | sensürkeliwçenseyou usually crawl | olsürkeliwçendihe usually crawls | bizsürkeliwçenbizwe usually crawl | sizsürkeliwçensizyou all usually crawl | alasürkeliwçendilethey usually crawl |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensürkelmewçenmeI usually don't crawl | sensürkelmewçenseyou usually don't crawl | olsürkelmewçendihe usually doesn't crawl | bizsürkelmewçenbizwe usually don't crawl | sizsürkelmewçensizyou all usually don't crawl | alasürkelmewçendilethey usually don't crawl |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensürkeliwçenmemi? sürkeliwçenmime?do I usually crawl? | sensürkeliwçenmise?do you usually crawl? | olsürkeliwçenmidi?does he usually crawl? | bizsürkeliwçenbizmi? sürkeliwçenmibiz?do we usually crawl? | sizsürkeliwçenmisiz?do you all usually crawl? | alasürkeliwçenmidile?do they usually crawl? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensürkelmewçenmemi? sürkelmewçenmime?do I usually not crawl? | sensürkelmewçenmise?do you usually not crawl? | olsürkelmewçenmidi?does he usually not crawl? | bizsürkelmewçenbizmi? sürkelmewçenmibiz?do we usually not crawl? | sizsürkelmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not crawl? | alasürkelmewçenmidile?do they usually not crawl? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsürkelibdihe has crawled and remains so | alasürkelibdilethey have crawled and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsürkelibmidi?has he crawled? | alasürkelibmidile?have they crawled? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensürkelib turamaI keep crawling | sensürkelib turasayou keep crawling | olsürkelib turadıhe keeps crawling | bizsürkelib turabızwe keep crawling | sizsürkelib turasızyou all keep crawling | alasürkelib turadılathey keep crawling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensürkelib turmaymaI don't keep crawling | sensürkelib turmaysayou don't keep crawling | olsürkelib turmaydıhe doesn't keep crawling | bizsürkelib turmaybızwe don't keep crawling | sizsürkelib turmaysızyou all don't keep crawling | alasürkelib turmaydılathey don't keep crawling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensürkelib turamamı? sürkelib turamıma?do I keep crawling? | sensürkelib turamısa?do you keep crawling? | olsürkelib turamıdı?does he keep crawling? | bizsürkelib turabızmı? sürkelib turamıbız?do we keep crawling? | sizsürkelib turamısız?do you all keep crawling? | alasürkelib turamıdıla?do they keep crawling? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensürkelib turmaymamı? sürkelib turmaymıma?don't I keep crawling? | sensürkelib turmaymısa?don't you keep crawling? | olsürkelib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep crawling? | bizsürkelib turmaybızmı? sürkelib turmaymıbız?don't we keep crawling? | sizsürkelib turmaymısız?don't you all keep crawling? | alasürkelib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep crawling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensürkele turamaI am in the middle of crawling | sensürkele turasayou are in the middle of crawling | olsürkele turadıhe is in the middle of crawling | bizsürkele turabızwe are in the middle of crawling | sizsürkele turasızyou all are in the middle of crawling | alasürkele turadılathey are in the middle of crawling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensürkele turmaymaI am not in the middle of crawling | sensürkele turmaysayou are not in the middle of crawling | olsürkele turmaydıhe is not in the middle of crawling | bizsürkele turmaybızwe are not in the middle of crawling | sizsürkele turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of crawling | alasürkele turmaydılathey are not in the middle of crawling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensürkele turamamı? sürkele turamıma?am I in the middle of crawling? | sensürkele turamısa?are you in the middle of crawling? | olsürkele turamıdı?is he in the middle of crawling? | bizsürkele turabızmı? sürkele turamıbız?are we in the middle of crawling? | sizsürkele turamısız?are you all in the middle of crawling? | alasürkele turamıdıla?are they in the middle of crawling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensürkele turmaymamı? sürkele turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of crawling? | sensürkele turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of crawling? | olsürkele turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of crawling? | bizsürkele turmaybızmı? sürkele turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of crawling? | sizsürkele turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of crawling? | alasürkele turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of crawling? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensürkeldimI crawled | sensürkeldiŋyou crawled | olsürkeldihe crawled | bizsürkeldikwe crawled | sizsürkeldigizyou all crawled | alasürkeldilethey crawled |
| Simple past (definite) | mensürkelmedimI didn't crawl | sensürkelmediŋyou didn't crawl | olsürkelmedihe didn't crawl | bizsürkelmedikwe didn't crawl | sizsürkelmedigizyou all didn't crawl | alasürkelmedilethey didn't crawl |
| Simple past (definite) | mensürkeldimmi?did I crawl? | sensürkeldiŋmi?did you crawl? | olsürkeldimi?did he crawl? | bizsürkeldikmi?did we crawl? | sizsürkeldigizmi?did you all crawl? | alasürkeldilemi?did they crawl? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensürkelmedimmi?didn't I crawl? | sensürkelmediŋmi?didn't you crawl? | olsürkelmedimi?didn't he crawl? | bizsürkelmedikmi?didn't we crawl? | sizsürkelmedigizmi?didn't you all crawl? | alasürkelmedilemi?didn't they crawl? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensürkelgenmeI have crawled | sensürkelgenseyou have crawled | olsürkelgendihe has crawled | bizsürkelgenbizwe have crawled | sizsürkelgensizyou all have crawled | alasürkelgendilethey have crawled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensürkelmegenmeI haven't crawled | sensürkelmegenseyou haven't crawled | olsürkelmegendihe hasn't crawled | bizsürkelmegenbizwe haven't crawled | sizsürkelmegensizyou all haven't crawled | alasürkelmegendilethey haven't crawled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensürkelgenmemi? sürkelgenmime?have I crawled? | sensürkelgenmise?have you crawled? | olsürkelgenmidi?has he crawled? | bizsürkelgenbizmi? sürkelgenmibiz?have we crawled? | sizsürkelgenmisiz?have you all crawled? | alasürkelgenmidile?have they crawled? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensürkelmegenmemi? sürkelmegenmime?haven't I crawled? | sensürkelmegenmise?haven't you crawled? | olsürkelmegenmidi?hasn't he crawled? | bizsürkelmegenbizmi? sürkelmegenmibiz?haven't we crawled? | sizsürkelmegenmisiz?haven't you all crawled? | alasürkelmegenmidile?haven't they crawled? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensürkelib turdumI kept crawling | sensürkelib turduŋyou kept crawling | olsürkelib turduhe kept crawling | bizsürkelib turduqwe kept crawling | sizsürkelib turduğuzyou all kept crawling | alasürkelib turdulathey kept crawling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensürkelib turmadımI didn't keep crawling | sensürkelib turmadıŋyou didn't keep crawling | olsürkelib turmadıhe didn't keep crawling | bizsürkelib turmadıqwe didn't keep crawling | sizsürkelib turmadığızyou all didn't keep crawling | alasürkelib turmadılathey didn't keep crawling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensürkelirmeI will crawl | sensürkelirseyou will crawl | olsürkelirhe will crawl | bizsürkelirbizwe will crawl | sizsürkelirsizyou all will crawl | alasürkelirlethey will crawl |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensürkelmezmeI won't crawl | sensürkelmezseyou won't crawl | olsürkelmezhe won't crawl | bizsürkelmezbizwe won't crawl | sizsürkelmezsizyou all won't crawl | alasürkelmezlethey won't crawl |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensürkelirmemi? sürkelirmime?will I crawl? | sensürkelirmise?will you crawl? | olsürkelirmi?will he crawl? | bizsürkelirbizmi? sürkelirmibiz?will we crawl? | sizsürkelirmisiz?will you all crawl? | alasürkelirlemi? sürkelirmile?will they crawl? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensürkelmezmemi? sürkelmezmime?won't I crawl? | sensürkelmezmise?won't you crawl? | olsürkelmezmi?won't he crawl? | bizsürkelmezbizmi? sürkelmezmibiz?won't we crawl? | sizsürkelmezmisiz?won't you all crawl? | alasürkelmezlemi? sürkelmezmile?won't they crawl? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensürkellikmeI am going to crawl | sensürkellikseyou are going to crawl | olsürkellikdihe is going to crawl | bizsürkellikbizwe are going to crawl | sizsürkelliksizyou all are going to crawl | alasürkellikdilethey are going to crawl |
| Definite future (future II) | mensürkellik tülmeI am not going to crawl | sensürkellik tülseyou are not going to crawl | olsürkellik tüldühe is not going to crawl | bizsürkellik tülbüzwe are not going to crawl | sizsürkellik tülsüzyou all are not going to crawl | alasürkellik tüldülethey are not going to crawl |
| Definite future (future II) | mensürkellikmemi? sürkellikmime?am I going to crawl? | sensürkellikmise?are you going to crawl? | olsürkellikmidi?is he going to crawl? | bizsürkellikbizmi? sürkellikmibiz?are we going to crawl? | sizsürkellikmisiz?are you all going to crawl? | alasürkellikmidile?are they going to crawl? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensürkellik tülmüme?aren't I going to crawl? | sensürkellik tülmüse?aren't you going to crawl? | olsürkellik tülmüdü?isn't he going to crawl? | bizsürkellik tülmübüz?aren't we going to crawl? | sizsürkellik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to crawl? | alasürkellik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to crawl? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensürkelgen edimsürkelgenemI had crawled | sensürkelgen ediŋsürkelgeneŋyou had crawled | olsürkelgen edisürkelgenedhe had crawled | bizsürkelgen ediksürkelgenekwe had crawled | sizsürkelgen edigizsürkelgenegizyou all had crawled | alasürkelgen edilesürkelgenellethey had crawled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensürkelmegen edimsürkelmegenemI hadn't crawled | sensürkelmegen ediŋsürkelmegeneŋyou hadn't crawled | olsürkelmegen edisürkelmegenedhe hadn't crawled | bizsürkelmegen ediksürkelmegenekwe hadn't crawled | sizsürkelmegen edigizsürkelmegenegizyou all hadn't crawled | alasürkelmegen edilesürkelmegenellethey hadn't crawled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensürkele edimsürkelemI was crawling | sensürkele ediŋsürkeleŋyou were crawling | olsürkele edisürkeledhe was crawling | bizsürkele ediksürkelekwe were crawling | sizsürkele edigizsürkelegizyou all were crawling | alasürkele edilesürkelellethey were crawling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensürkelmey edimsürkelmeyemI wasn't crawling | sensürkelmey ediŋsürkelmeyeŋyou weren't crawling | olsürkelmey edisürkelmeyedhe wasn't crawling | bizsürkelmey ediksürkelmeyekwe weren't crawling | sizsürkelmey edigizsürkelmeyegizyou all weren't crawling | alasürkelmey edilesürkelmeyellethey weren't crawling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mensürkeliwçen edimsürkeliwçenemI used to crawl | sensürkeliwçen ediŋsürkeliwçeneŋyou used to crawl | olsürkeliwçen edisürkeliwçenedhe used to crawl | bizsürkeliwçen ediksürkeliwçenekwe used to crawl | sizsürkeliwçen edigizsürkeliwçenegizyou all used to crawl | alasürkeliwçen edilesürkeliwçenellethey used to crawl |
| Habitual past (used to) | mensürkelmewçen edimsürkelmewçenemI didn't use to crawl | sensürkelmewçen ediŋsürkelmewçeneŋyou didn't use to crawl | olsürkelmewçen edisürkelmewçenedhe didn't use to crawl | bizsürkelmewçen ediksürkelmewçenekwe didn't use to crawl | sizsürkelmewçen edigizsürkelmewçenegizyou all didn't use to crawl | alasürkelmewçen edilesürkelmewçenellethey didn't use to crawl |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsürkelib edihe had crawled and remained so | alasürkelib edilethey had crawled and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsürkelib tül edihe hadn't crawled | alasürkelib tül edilethey hadn't crawled | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensürkelib tura edimsürkelib turaemI had kept crawling | sensürkelib tura ediŋsürkelib turaeŋyou had kept crawling | olsürkelib tura edisürkelib turaedhe had kept crawling | bizsürkelib tura ediksürkelib turaekwe had kept crawling | sizsürkelib tura edigizsürkelib turaegizyou all had kept crawling | alasürkelib tura edilesürkelib turaellethey had kept crawling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensürkelib turmay edimsürkelib turmayemI hadn't kept crawling | sensürkelib turmay ediŋsürkelib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept crawling | olsürkelib turmay edisürkelib turmayedhe hadn't kept crawling | bizsürkelib turmay ediksürkelib turmayekwe hadn't kept crawling | sizsürkelib turmay edigizsürkelib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept crawling | alasürkelib turmay edilesürkelib turmayellethey hadn't kept crawling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensürkele tura edimsürkele turaemI was in the middle of crawling | sensürkele tura ediŋsürkele turaeŋyou were in the middle of crawling | olsürkele tura edisürkele turaedhe was in the middle of crawling | bizsürkele tura ediksürkele turaekwe were in the middle of crawling | sizsürkele tura edigizsürkele turaegizyou all were in the middle of crawling | alasürkele tura edilesürkele turaellethey were in the middle of crawling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensürkele turmay edimsürkele turmayemI wasn't in the middle of crawling | sensürkele turmay ediŋsürkele turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of crawling | olsürkele turmay edisürkele turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of crawling | bizsürkele turmay ediksürkele turmayekwe weren't in the middle of crawling | sizsürkele turmay edigizsürkele turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of crawling | alasürkele turmay edilesürkele turmayellethey weren't in the middle of crawling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mensürkelir edimsürkelir emI would crawl | sensürkelir ediŋsürkelir eŋyou would crawl | olsürkelir edisürkelir edhe would crawl | bizsürkelir ediksürkelir ekwe would crawl | sizsürkelir edigizsürkelir egizyou all would crawl | alasürkelir edilesürkelir ellethey would crawl |
| Conditional result (would) | mensürkelmez edimsürkelmez emI wouldn't crawl | sensürkelmez ediŋsürkelmez eŋyou wouldn't crawl | olsürkelmez edisürkelmez edhe wouldn't crawl | bizsürkelmez ediksürkelmez ekwe wouldn't crawl | sizsürkelmez edigizsürkelmez egizyou all wouldn't crawl | alasürkelmez edilesürkelmez ellethey wouldn't crawl |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensürkellik edimsürkellik emI would have crawled | sensürkellik ediŋsürkellik eŋyou would have crawled | olsürkellik edisürkellik edhe would have crawled | bizsürkellik ediksürkellik ekwe would have crawled | sizsürkellik edigizsürkellik egizyou all would have crawled | alasürkellik edilesürkellik ellethey would have crawled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensürkellik tül edimsürkellik tül emI wouldn't have crawled | sensürkellik tül ediŋsürkellik tül eŋyou wouldn't have crawled | olsürkellik tül edisürkellik tül edhe wouldn't have crawled | bizsürkellik tül ediksürkellik tül ekwe wouldn't have crawled | sizsürkellik tül edigizsürkellik tül egizyou all wouldn't have crawled | alasürkellik tül edilesürkellik tül ellethey wouldn't have crawled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mensürkelsemif I crawl | sensürkelseŋif you crawl | olsürkelseif he crawls | bizsürkelsekif we crawl | sizsürkelsegizif you all crawl | alasürkelseleif they crawl |
| Conditional | mensürkelmesemif I don't crawl | sensürkelmeseŋif you don't crawl | olsürkelmeseif he doesn't crawl | bizsürkelmesekif we don't crawl | sizsürkelmesegizif you all don't crawl | alasürkelmeseleif they don't crawl |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mensürkele esemif I am crawling | sensürkele eseŋif you are crawling | olsürkele eseif he is crawling | bizsürkele esekif we are crawling | sizsürkele esegizif you all are crawling | alasürkele eseleif they are crawling |
| Conditional, present real | mensürkelmey esemif I am not crawling | sensürkelmey eseŋif you are not crawling | olsürkelmey eseif he is not crawling | bizsürkelmey esekif we are not crawling | sizsürkelmey esegizif you all are not crawling | alasürkelmey eseleif they are not crawling |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensürkelsem edisürkelsem edif only I crawled | sensürkelseŋ edisürkelseŋ edif only you crawled | olsürkelse edisürkelsedif only he crawled | bizsürkelsek edisürkelsek edif only we crawled | sizsürkelsegiz edisürkelsegiz edif only you all crawled | alasürkelsele edisürkelseledif only they crawled |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensürkelmesem edisürkelmesem edif only I didn't crawl | sensürkelmeseŋ edisürkelmeseŋ edif only you didn't crawl | olsürkelmese edisürkelmesedif only he didn't crawl | bizsürkelmesek edisürkelmesek edif only we didn't crawl | sizsürkelmesegiz edisürkelmesegiz edif only you all didn't crawl | alasürkelmesele edisürkelmeseledif only they didn't crawl |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mensürkelib tursamif I carry on crawling | sensürkelib tursaŋif you carry on crawling | olsürkelib tursaif he carries on crawling | bizsürkelib tursaqif we carry on crawling | sizsürkelib tursağızif you all carry on crawling | alasürkelib tursalaif they carry on crawling |
| Durative conditional | mensürkelib turmasamif I don't carry on crawling | sensürkelib turmasaŋif you don't carry on crawling | olsürkelib turmasaif he doesn't carry on crawling | bizsürkelib turmasaqif we don't carry on crawling | sizsürkelib turmasağızif you all don't carry on crawling | alasürkelib turmasalaif they don't carry on crawling |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mensürkelib tura esemif I have kept crawling | sensürkelib tura eseŋif you have kept crawling | olsürkelib tura eseif he has kept crawling | bizsürkelib tura esekif we have kept crawling | sizsürkelib tura esegizif you all have kept crawling | alasürkelib tura eseleif they have kept crawling |
| Durative conditional, present real | mensürkelib turmay esemif I haven't kept crawling | sensürkelib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept crawling | olsürkelib turmay eseif he hasn't kept crawling | bizsürkelib turmay esekif we haven't kept crawling | sizsürkelib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept crawling | alasürkelib turmay eseleif they haven't kept crawling |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mensürkele tursamif I keep crawling | sensürkele tursaŋif you keep crawling | olsürkele tursaif he keeps crawling | bizsürkele tursaqif we keep crawling | sizsürkele tursağızif you all keep crawling | alasürkele tursalaif they keep crawling |
| Progressive conditional | mensürkelmey tursamif I keep on not crawling | sensürkelmey tursaŋif you keep on not crawling | olsürkelmey tursaif he keeps on not crawling | bizsürkelmey tursaqif we keep on not crawling | sizsürkelmey tursağızif you all keep on not crawling | alasürkelmey tursalaif they keep on not crawling |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensürkele tura esemif I am in the middle of crawling | sensürkele tura eseŋif you are in the middle of crawling | olsürkele tura eseif he is in the middle of crawling | bizsürkele tura esekif we are in the middle of crawling | sizsürkele tura esegizif you all are in the middle of crawling | alasürkele tura eseleif they are in the middle of crawling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensürkelmey tura esemif I keep on not crawling | sensürkelmey tura eseŋif you keep on not crawling | olsürkelmey tura eseif he keeps on not crawling | bizsürkelmey tura esekif we keep on not crawling | sizsürkelmey tura esegizif you all keep on not crawling | alasürkelmey tura eseleif they keep on not crawling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensürkeldim esemif I crawled | sensürkeldiŋ eseŋif you crawled | olsürkeldi eseif he crawled | bizsürkeldik esekif we crawled | sizsürkeldigiz esegizif you all crawled | alasürkeldile eseleif they crawled |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensürkelmedim esemif I didn't crawl | sensürkelmediŋ eseŋif you didn't crawl | olsürkelmedi eseif he didn't crawl | bizsürkelmedik esekif we didn't crawl | sizsürkelmedigiz esegizif you all didn't crawl | alasürkelmedile eseleif they didn't crawl |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mensürkelgen esemif I did crawl (indeed) | sensürkelgen eseŋif you did crawl (indeed) | olsürkelgen eseif he did crawl (indeed) | bizsürkelgen esekif we did crawl (indeed) | sizsürkelgen esegizif you all did crawl (indeed) | alasürkelgen eseleif they did crawl (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mensürkelmegen esemif I didn't crawl (indeed) | sensürkelmegen eseŋif you didn't crawl (indeed) | olsürkelmegen eseif he didn't crawl (indeed) | bizsürkelmegen esekif we didn't crawl (indeed) | sizsürkelmegen esegizif you all didn't crawl (indeed) | alasürkelmegen eseleif they didn't crawl (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensürkelgen bolsamif I had crawled | sensürkelgen bolsaŋif you had crawled | olsürkelgen bolsaif he had crawled | bizsürkelgen bolsaqif we had crawled | sizsürkelgen bolsağızif you all had crawled | alasürkelgen bolsalaif they had crawled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensürkelmegen bolsamif I hadn't crawled | sensürkelmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't crawled | olsürkelmegen bolsaif he hadn't crawled | bizsürkelmegen bolsaqif we hadn't crawled | sizsürkelmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't crawled | alasürkelmegen bolsalaif they hadn't crawled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensürkelgen bolsam edisürkelgen bolsam edif only I had crawled | sensürkelgen bolsaŋ edisürkelgen bolsaŋ edif only you had crawled | olsürkelgen bolsa edisürkelgen bolsaedif only he had crawled | bizsürkelgen bolsaq edisürkelgen bolsaq edif only we had crawled | sizsürkelgen bolsağız edisürkelgen bolsağız edif only you all had crawled | alasürkelgen bolsala edisürkelgen bolsalaedif only they had crawled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensürkelmegen bolsam edisürkelmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't crawled | sensürkelmegen bolsaŋ edisürkelmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't crawled | olsürkelmegen bolsa edisürkelmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't crawled | bizsürkelmegen bolsaq edisürkelmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't crawled | sizsürkelmegen bolsağız edisürkelmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't crawled | alasürkelmegen bolsala edisürkelmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't crawled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mensürkelir esemif I will crawl | sensürkelir eseŋif you will crawl | olsürkelir eseif he will crawl | bizsürkelir esekif we will crawl | sizsürkelir esegizif you all will crawl | alasürkelir eseleif they will crawl |
| Conditional, aorist | mensürkelmez esemif I won't crawl | sensürkelmez eseŋif you won't crawl | olsürkelmez eseif he won't crawl | bizsürkelmez esekif we won't crawl | sizsürkelmez esegizif you all won't crawl | alasürkelmez eseleif they won't crawl |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mensürkellik esemif I am going to crawl | sensürkellik eseŋif you are going to crawl | olsürkellik eseif he is going to crawl | bizsürkellik esekif we are going to crawl | sizsürkellik esegizif you all are going to crawl | alasürkellik eseleif they are going to crawl |
| Conditional, future | mensürkellik tül esemif I am not going to crawl | sensürkellik tül eseŋif you are not going to crawl | olsürkellik tül eseif he is not going to crawl | bizsürkellik tül esekif we are not going to crawl | sizsürkellik tül esegizif you all are not going to crawl | alasürkellik tül eseleif they are not going to crawl |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensürkellik bolsamif I were going to crawl | sensürkellik bolsaŋif you were going to crawl | olsürkellik bolsaif he were going to crawl | bizsürkellik bolsaqif we were going to crawl | sizsürkellik bolsağızif you all were going to crawl | alasürkellik bolsalaif they were going to crawl |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensürkelmezlik bolsamif I were not going to crawl | sensürkelmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to crawl | olsürkelmezlik bolsaif he were not going to crawl | bizsürkelmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to crawl | sizsürkelmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to crawl | alasürkelmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to crawl |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso sürkeldiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensürkele bolurmaI must be crawling | sensürkele bolursayou must be crawling | olsürkele bolurhe must be crawling | bizsürkele bolurbuzwe must be crawling | sizsürkele bolursuzyou all must be crawling | alasürkele bolurlathey must be crawling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensürkelmey bolurmaI must not be crawling | sensürkelmey bolursayou must not be crawling | olsürkelmey bolurhe must not be crawling | bizsürkelmey bolurbuzwe must not be crawling | sizsürkelmey bolursuzyou all must not be crawling | alasürkelmey bolurlathey must not be crawling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensürkele tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of crawling | sensürkele tura bolursayou must be in the middle of crawling | olsürkele tura bolurhe must be in the middle of crawling | bizsürkele tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of crawling | sizsürkele tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of crawling | alasürkele tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of crawling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensürkelmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not crawling | sensürkelmey tura bolursayou must keep on not crawling | olsürkelmey tura bolurhe must keep on not crawling | bizsürkelmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not crawling | sizsürkelmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not crawling | alasürkelmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not crawling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mensürkelgen bolurmaI must have crawled | sensürkelgen bolursayou must have crawled | olsürkelgen bolurhe must have crawled | bizsürkelgen bolurbuzwe must have crawled | sizsürkelgen bolursuzyou all must have crawled | alasürkelgen bolurlathey must have crawled |
| Inference (must have) | mensürkelmegen bolurmaI must not have crawled | sensürkelmegen bolursayou must not have crawled | olsürkelmegen bolurhe must not have crawled | bizsürkelmegen bolurbuzwe must not have crawled | sizsürkelmegen bolursuzyou all must not have crawled | alasürkelmegen bolurlathey must not have crawled |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensürkellik bolurmaI must be going to crawl | sensürkellik bolursayou must be going to crawl | olsürkellik bolurhe must be going to crawl | bizsürkellik bolurbuzwe must be going to crawl | sizsürkellik bolursuzyou all must be going to crawl | alasürkellik bolurlathey must be going to crawl |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensürkelmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to crawl | sensürkelmezlik bolursayou must not be going to crawl | olsürkelmezlik bolurhe must not be going to crawl | bizsürkelmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to crawl | sizsürkelmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to crawl | alasürkelmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to crawl |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mensürkeleyimlet me crawl | sensürkel!crawl! | olsürkelsinlet him crawl | bizsürkeleyiklet's crawl | sizsürkeligiz!crawl, you all! | alasürkelsinlelet them crawl |
| Commands & suggestions | mensürkelmeyimlet me not crawl | sensürkelme!don't crawl! | olsürkelmesinlet him not crawl | bizsürkelmeyiklet's not crawl | sizsürkelmegiz!don't crawl, you all! | alasürkelmesinlelet them not crawl |
| Commands & suggestions | mensürkeleyimmi?shall I crawl? | olsürkelsinmi?should he crawl? | bizsürkeleyikmi?shall we crawl? | alasürkelsinlemi?should they crawl? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mensürkelmeyimmi?shall I not crawl? | olsürkelmesinmi?should he not crawl? | bizsürkelmeyikmi?shall we not crawl? | alasürkelmesinlemi?should they not crawl? | ||
| Requests | sensürkelçi2sürkelçinplease crawl | olsürkelsinçido let him crawl | sizsürkelçigizplease crawl (plural/polite) | alasürkelsinleçido let them crawl | ||
| Requests | sensürkelmeçi2sürkelmeçinplease don't crawl | olsürkelmesinçido let him not crawl | sizsürkelmeçigizplease don't crawl (plural/polite) | alasürkelmesinleçido let them not crawl | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensürkelginsürkelgimay you crawl | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensürkelmeginsürkelmegimay you not crawl | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensürkelgey edim sürkelge edimwould that I crawled | sensürkelgey ediŋ sürkelge ediŋwould that you crawled | olsürkelgey edi sürkelge ediwould that he crawled | bizsürkelgey edik sürkelge edikwould that we crawled | sizsürkelgey edigiz sürkelge edigizwould that you all crawled | alasürkelgey edile sürkelge edilewould that they crawled |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensürkelmegey edim sürkelmege edimwould that I did not crawl | sensürkelmegey ediŋ sürkelmege ediŋwould that you did not crawl | olsürkelmegey edi sürkelmege ediwould that he did not crawl | bizsürkelmegey edik sürkelmege edikwould that we did not crawl | sizsürkelmegey edigiz sürkelmege edigizwould that you all did not crawl | alasürkelmegey edile sürkelmege edilewould that they did not crawl |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensürkelmege qoyayımsürkelme qoyayımlet me allow someone to crawl | sensürkelmege qoy!sürkelme qoy!let someone crawl! | olsürkelmege qoysunsürkelme qoysunlet him allow someone to crawl | bizsürkelmege qoyayıqsürkelme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to crawl | sizsürkelmege qoyuğuz!sürkelme qoyuğuz!let someone crawl, you all! | alasürkelmege qoysunlasürkelme qoysunlalet them allow someone to crawl |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensürkelmege qoymayımsürkelme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to crawl | sensürkelmege qoyma!sürkelme qoyma!don't let someone crawl! | olsürkelmege qoymasınsürkelme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to crawl | bizsürkelmege qoymayıqsürkelme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to crawl | sizsürkelmege qoymağız!sürkelme qoymağız!don't let someone crawl, you all! | alasürkelmege qoymasınlasürkelme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to crawl |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensürkelmege qoyayımmı?sürkelme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to crawl? | olsürkelmege qoysunmu?sürkelme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to crawl? | bizsürkelmege qoyayıqmı?sürkelme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to crawl? | alasürkelmege qoysunlamı?sürkelme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to crawl? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensürkelmege qoymayımmı?sürkelme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to crawl? | olsürkelmege qoymasınmı?sürkelme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to crawl? | bizsürkelmege qoymayıqmı?sürkelme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to crawl? | alasürkelmege qoymasınlamı?sürkelme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to crawl? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mensürkelmege qoyamasürkelme qoyamaI allow someone to crawl | sensürkelmege qoyasasürkelme qoyasayou allow someone to crawl | olsürkelmege qoyadısürkelme qoyadıhe allows someone to crawl | bizsürkelmege qoyabızsürkelme qoyabızwe allow someone to crawl | sizsürkelmege qoyasızsürkelme qoyasızyou all allow someone to crawl | alasürkelmege qoyadılasürkelme qoyadılathey allow someone to crawl |
| Let someone… (present) | mensürkelmege qoymaymasürkelme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to crawl | sensürkelmege qoymaysasürkelme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to crawl | olsürkelmege qoymaydısürkelme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to crawl | bizsürkelmege qoymaybızsürkelme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to crawl | sizsürkelmege qoymaysızsürkelme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to crawl | alasürkelmege qoymaydılasürkelme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to crawl |
| Let someone… (present) | mensürkelmege qoyamamı?sürkelme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to crawl? | sensürkelmege qoyamısa?sürkelme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to crawl? | olsürkelmege qoyamıdı?sürkelme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to crawl? | bizsürkelmege qoyabızmı?sürkelme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to crawl? | sizsürkelmege qoyamısız?sürkelme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to crawl? | alasürkelmege qoyamıdıla?sürkelme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to crawl? |
| Let someone… (present) | mensürkelmege qoymaymamı?sürkelme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to crawl? | sensürkelmege qoymaymısa?sürkelme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to crawl? | olsürkelmege qoymaymıdı?sürkelme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to crawl? | bizsürkelmege qoymaybızmı?sürkelme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to crawl? | sizsürkelmege qoymaymısız?sürkelme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to crawl? | alasürkelmege qoymaymıdıla?sürkelme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to crawl? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensürkelmege qoydumsürkelme qoydumI allowed someone to crawl | sensürkelmege qoyduŋsürkelme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to crawl | olsürkelmege qoydusürkelme qoyduhe allowed someone to crawl | bizsürkelmege qoyduqsürkelme qoyduqwe allowed someone to crawl | sizsürkelmege qoyduğuzsürkelme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to crawl | alasürkelmege qoydulasürkelme qoydulathey allowed someone to crawl |
| Let someone… (past) | mensürkelmege qoymadımsürkelme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to crawl | sensürkelmege qoymadıŋsürkelme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to crawl | olsürkelmege qoymadısürkelme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to crawl | bizsürkelmege qoymadıqsürkelme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to crawl | sizsürkelmege qoymadığızsürkelme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to crawl | alasürkelmege qoymadılasürkelme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to crawl |
| Let someone… (past) | mensürkelmege qoydummu?sürkelme qoydummu?did I allow someone to crawl? | sensürkelmege qoyduŋmu?sürkelme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to crawl? | olsürkelmege qoydumu?sürkelme qoydumu?did he allow someone to crawl? | bizsürkelmege qoyduqmu?sürkelme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to crawl? | sizsürkelmege qoyduğuzmu?sürkelme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to crawl? | alasürkelmege qoydulamı?sürkelme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to crawl? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensürkelmege qoymadımmı?sürkelme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to crawl? | sensürkelmege qoymadıŋmı?sürkelme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to crawl? | olsürkelmege qoymadımı?sürkelme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to crawl? | bizsürkelmege qoymadıqmı?sürkelme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to crawl? | sizsürkelmege qoymadığızmı?sürkelme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to crawl? | alasürkelmege qoymadılamı?sürkelme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to crawl? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
sürkelalırğa be able to crawl · sürkelalmazğa be unable to crawl
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mensürkelalamaI can crawl | sensürkelalasayou can crawl | olsürkelaladıhe can crawl | bizsürkelalabızwe can crawl | sizsürkelalasızyou all can crawl | alasürkelaladılathey can crawl |
| Ability — present | mensürkelalmaymaI can't crawl | sensürkelalmaysayou can't crawl | olsürkelalmaydıhe can't crawl | bizsürkelalmaybızwe can't crawl | sizsürkelalmaysızyou all can't crawl | alasürkelalmaydılathey can't crawl |
| Ability — present | mensürkelalamamı? sürkelalamıma?can I crawl? | sensürkelalamısa?can you crawl? | olsürkelalamıdı?can he crawl? | bizsürkelalabızmı? sürkelalamıbız?can we crawl? | sizsürkelalamısız?can you all crawl? | alasürkelalamıdıla?can they crawl? |
| Ability — present | mensürkelalmaymamı? sürkelalmaymıma?can't I crawl? | sensürkelalmaymısa?can't you crawl? | olsürkelalmaymıdı?can't he crawl? | bizsürkelalmaybızmı? sürkelalmaymıbız?can't we crawl? | sizsürkelalmaymısız?can't you all crawl? | alasürkelalmaymıdıla?can't they crawl? |
| Ability — if I can… | mensürkelalsamif I can crawl | sensürkelalsaŋif you can crawl | olsürkelalsaif he can crawl | bizsürkelalsaqif we can crawl | sizsürkelalsağızif you all can crawl | alasürkelalsalaif they can crawl |
| Ability — if I can… | mensürkelalmasamif I can't crawl | sensürkelalmasaŋif you can't crawl | olsürkelalmasaif he can't crawl | bizsürkelalmasaqif we can't crawl | sizsürkelalmasağızif you all can't crawl | alasürkelalmasalaif they can't crawl |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mensürkelaldımI was able to crawl | sensürkelaldıŋyou were able to crawl | olsürkelaldıhe was able to crawl | bizsürkelaldıqwe were able to crawl | sizsürkelaldığızyou all were able to crawl | alasürkelaldılathey were able to crawl |
| Ability — simple past | mensürkelalmadımI could not crawl | sensürkelalmadıŋyou could not crawl | olsürkelalmadıhe could not crawl | bizsürkelalmadıqwe could not crawl | sizsürkelalmadığızyou all could not crawl | alasürkelalmadılathey could not crawl |
| Ability — simple past | mensürkelaldımmı?was I able to crawl? | sensürkelaldıŋmı?were you able to crawl? | olsürkelaldımı?was he able to crawl? | bizsürkelaldıqmı?were we able to crawl? | sizsürkelaldığızmı?were you all able to crawl? | alasürkelaldılamı?were they able to crawl? |
| Ability — simple past | mensürkelalmadımmı?couldn't I crawl? | sensürkelalmadıŋmı?couldn't you crawl? | olsürkelalmadımı?couldn't he crawl? | bizsürkelalmadıqmı?couldn't we crawl? | sizsürkelalmadığızmı?couldn't you all crawl? | alasürkelalmadılamı?couldn't they crawl? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensürkelalğanmaI have been able to crawl | sensürkelalğansayou have been able to crawl | olsürkelalğandıhe has been able to crawl | bizsürkelalğanbızwe have been able to crawl | sizsürkelalğansızyou all have been able to crawl | alasürkelalğandılathey have been able to crawl |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensürkelalmağanmaI haven't been able to crawl | sensürkelalmağansayou haven't been able to crawl | olsürkelalmağandıhe hasn't been able to crawl | bizsürkelalmağanbızwe haven't been able to crawl | sizsürkelalmağansızyou all haven't been able to crawl | alasürkelalmağandılathey haven't been able to crawl |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensürkelalğanmamı? sürkelalğanmıma?have I been able to crawl? | sensürkelalğanmısa?have you been able to crawl? | olsürkelalğanmıdı?has he been able to crawl? | bizsürkelalğanbızmı? sürkelalğanmıbız?have we been able to crawl? | sizsürkelalğanmısız?have you all been able to crawl? | alasürkelalğanmıdıla?have they been able to crawl? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensürkelalmağanmamı? sürkelalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to crawl? | sensürkelalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to crawl? | olsürkelalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to crawl? | bizsürkelalmağanbızmı? sürkelalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to crawl? | sizsürkelalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to crawl? | alasürkelalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to crawl? |
| Ability — past perfect | mensürkelalğan edimsürkelalğanemI had been able to crawl | sensürkelalğan ediŋsürkelalğaneŋyou had been able to crawl | olsürkelalğan edisürkelalğanedhe had been able to crawl | bizsürkelalğan ediksürkelalğanekwe had been able to crawl | sizsürkelalğan edigizsürkelalğanegizyou all had been able to crawl | alasürkelalğan edilesürkelalğanellethey had been able to crawl |
| Ability — past perfect | mensürkelalmağan edimsürkelalmağanemI hadn't been able to crawl | sensürkelalmağan ediŋsürkelalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to crawl | olsürkelalmağan edisürkelalmağanedhe hadn't been able to crawl | bizsürkelalmağan ediksürkelalmağanekwe hadn't been able to crawl | sizsürkelalmağan edigizsürkelalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to crawl | alasürkelalmağan edilesürkelalmağanellethey hadn't been able to crawl |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mensürkelala edimsürkelalaemI could crawl | sensürkelala ediŋsürkelalaeŋyou could crawl | olsürkelala edisürkelalaedhe could crawl | bizsürkelala ediksürkelalaekwe could crawl | sizsürkelala edigizsürkelalaegizyou all could crawl | alasürkelala edilesürkelalaellethey could crawl |
| Ability — past background | mensürkelalmay edimsürkelalmayemI could not crawl | sensürkelalmay ediŋsürkelalmayeŋyou could not crawl | olsürkelalmay edisürkelalmayedhe could not crawl | bizsürkelalmay ediksürkelalmayekwe could not crawl | sizsürkelalmay edigizsürkelalmayegizyou all could not crawl | alasürkelalmay edilesürkelalmayellethey could not crawl |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mensürkelalırmaI will be able to crawl | sensürkelalırsayou will be able to crawl | olsürkelalırhe will be able to crawl | bizsürkelalırbızwe will be able to crawl | sizsürkelalırsızyou all will be able to crawl | alasürkelalırlathey will be able to crawl |
| Ability — future I | mensürkelalmazmaI won't be able to crawl | sensürkelalmazsayou won't be able to crawl | olsürkelalmazhe won't be able to crawl | bizsürkelalmazbızwe won't be able to crawl | sizsürkelalmazsızyou all won't be able to crawl | alasürkelalmazlathey won't be able to crawl |
| Ability — future I | mensürkelalırmamı? sürkelalırmıma?will I be able to crawl? | sensürkelalırmısa?will you be able to crawl? | olsürkelalırmı?will he be able to crawl? | bizsürkelalırbızmı? sürkelalırmıbız?will we be able to crawl? | sizsürkelalırmısız?will you all be able to crawl? | alasürkelalırlamı? sürkelalırmıla?will they be able to crawl? |
| Ability — future I | mensürkelalmazmamı? sürkelalmazmıma?won't I be able to crawl? | sensürkelalmazmısa?won't you be able to crawl? | olsürkelalmazmı?won't he be able to crawl? | bizsürkelalmazbızmı? sürkelalmazmıbız?won't we be able to crawl? | sizsürkelalmazmısız?won't you all be able to crawl? | alasürkelalmazlamı? sürkelalmazmıla?won't they be able to crawl? |
| Ability — future II | mensürkelallıqmaI am going to be able to crawl | sensürkelallıqsayou are going to be able to crawl | olsürkelallıqdıhe is going to be able to crawl | bizsürkelallıqbızwe are going to be able to crawl | sizsürkelallıqsızyou all are going to be able to crawl | alasürkelallıqdılathey are going to be able to crawl |
| Ability — future II | mensürkelallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to crawl | sensürkelallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to crawl | olsürkelallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to crawl | bizsürkelallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to crawl | sizsürkelallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to crawl | alasürkelallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to crawl |
| Ability — future II | mensürkelallıqmamı? sürkelallıqmıma?am I going to be able to crawl? | sensürkelallıqmısa?are you going to be able to crawl? | olsürkelallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to crawl? | bizsürkelallıqbızmı? sürkelallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to crawl? | sizsürkelallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to crawl? | alasürkelallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to crawl? |
| Ability — future II | mensürkelallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to crawl? | sensürkelallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to crawl? | olsürkelallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to crawl? | bizsürkelallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to crawl? | sizsürkelallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to crawl? | alasürkelallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to crawl? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensürkelalır edimsürkelalır emI would be able to crawl | sensürkelalır ediŋsürkelalır eŋyou would be able to crawl | olsürkelalır edisürkelalır edhe would be able to crawl | bizsürkelalır ediksürkelalır ekwe would be able to crawl | sizsürkelalır edigizsürkelalır egizyou all would be able to crawl | alasürkelalır edilesürkelalır ellethey would be able to crawl |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensürkelalmaz edimsürkelalmaz emI wouldn't be able to crawl | sensürkelalmaz ediŋsürkelalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to crawl | olsürkelalmaz edisürkelalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to crawl | bizsürkelalmaz ediksürkelalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to crawl | sizsürkelalmaz edigizsürkelalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to crawl | alasürkelalmaz edilesürkelalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to crawl |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensürkelalğınsürkelalğımay you be able to crawl | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensürkelalmağınsürkelalmağımay you not be able to crawl | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mensürkelirge izleymeI want to crawl | sensürkelirge izleyseyou want to crawl | olsürkelirge izleydihe wants to crawl | bizsürkelirge izleybizwe want to crawl | sizsürkelirge izleysizyou all want to crawl | alasürkelirge izleydilethey want to crawl |
| want to | mensürkelirge izlemeymeI do not want to crawl | sensürkelirge izlemeyseyou do not want to crawl | olsürkelirge izlemeydihe does not want to crawl | bizsürkelirge izlemeybizwe do not want to crawl | sizsürkelirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to crawl | alasürkelirge izlemeydilethey do not want to crawl |
| would like to | mensürkelirge süemeI would like to crawl | sensürkelirge süeseyou would like to crawl | olsürkelirge süedihe would like to crawl | bizsürkelirge süebizwe would like to crawl | sizsürkelirge süesizyou all would like to crawl | alasürkelirge süedilethey would like to crawl |
| would like to | mensürkelirge süymeymeI would not like to crawl | sensürkelirge süymeyseyou would not like to crawl | olsürkelirge süymeydihe would not like to crawl | bizsürkelirge süymeybizwe would not like to crawl | sizsürkelirge süymeysizyou all would not like to crawl | alasürkelirge süymeydilethey would not like to crawl |
| hope to | mensürkelirge umutlanamaI hope to crawl | sensürkelirge umutlanasayou hope to crawl | olsürkelirge umutlanadıhe hopes to crawl | bizsürkelirge umutlanabızwe hope to crawl | sizsürkelirge umutlanasızyou all hope to crawl | alasürkelirge umutlanadılathey hope to crawl |
| hope to | mensürkelirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to crawl | sensürkelirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to crawl | olsürkelirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to crawl | bizsürkelirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to crawl | sizsürkelirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to crawl | alasürkelirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to crawl |
| be about to | mensürkelirge deb turamaI am about to crawl | sensürkelirge deb turasayou are about to crawl | olsürkelirge deb turadıhe is about to crawl | bizsürkelirge deb turabızwe are about to crawl | sizsürkelirge deb turasızyou all are about to crawl | alasürkelirge deb turadılathey are about to crawl |
| be about to | mensürkelirge deb turmaymaI am not about to crawl | sensürkelirge deb turmaysayou are not about to crawl | olsürkelirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to crawl | bizsürkelirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to crawl | sizsürkelirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to crawl | alasürkelirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to crawl |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mensürkelirge kerekmeI need to crawl | sensürkelirge kerekseyou need to crawl | olsürkelirge kerekdihe needs to crawl | bizsürkelirge kerekbizwe need to crawl | sizsürkelirge kereksizyou all need to crawl | alasürkelirge kerekdilethey need to crawl |
| need to | mensürkelirge kerek tülmeI do not need to crawl | sensürkelirge kerek tülseyou do not need to crawl | olsürkelirge kerek tüldühe does not need to crawl | bizsürkelirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to crawl | sizsürkelirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to crawl | alasürkelirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to crawl |
| have to | menmenŋe sürkelirge tüşediI have to crawl | sensenŋe sürkelirge tüşediyou have to crawl | olaŋa sürkelirge tüşedihe has to crawl | bizbizge sürkelirge tüşediwe have to crawl | sizsizge sürkelirge tüşediyou all have to crawl | alaalağa sürkelirge tüşedithey have to crawl |
| have to | menmenŋe sürkelirge tüşmeydiI do not have to crawl | sensenŋe sürkelirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to crawl | olaŋa sürkelirge tüşmeydihe does not have to crawl | bizbizge sürkelirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to crawl | sizsizge sürkelirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to crawl | alaalağa sürkelirge tüşmeydithey do not have to crawl |
| be obliged to | mensürkelirge borçlumaI am obliged to crawl | sensürkelirge borçlusayou are obliged to crawl | olsürkelirge borçluduhe is obliged to crawl | bizsürkelirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to crawl | sizsürkelirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to crawl | alasürkelirge borçludulathey are obliged to crawl |
| be obliged to | mensürkelirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to crawl | sensürkelirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to crawl | olsürkelirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to crawl | bizsürkelirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to crawl | sizsürkelirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to crawl | alasürkelirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to crawl |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mensürkelirge madarım bardıI have a way to crawl | sensürkelirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to crawl | olsürkelirge madarı bardıhe has a way to crawl | bizsürkelirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to crawl | sizsürkelirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to crawl | alasürkelirge madarları bardıthey have a way to crawl |
| have a way to | mensürkelirge madarım joqduI have no way to crawl | sensürkelirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to crawl | olsürkelirge madarı joqduhe has no way to crawl | bizsürkelirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to crawl | sizsürkelirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to crawl | alasürkelirge madarları joqduthey have no way to crawl |
| be free to | mensürkelirge erkinligim bardıI am free to crawl | sensürkelirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to crawl | olsürkelirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to crawl | bizsürkelirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to crawl | sizsürkelirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to crawl | alasürkelirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to crawl |
| be free to | mensürkelirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to crawl | sensürkelirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to crawl | olsürkelirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to crawl | bizsürkelirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to crawl | sizsürkelirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to crawl | alasürkelirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to crawl |
| be possible to | menmenŋe sürkelirge bolluqduit is possible for me to crawl | sensenŋe sürkelirge bolluqduit is possible for you to crawl | olaŋa sürkelirge bolluqduit is possible for him to crawl | bizbizge sürkelirge bolluqduit is possible for us to crawl | sizsizge sürkelirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to crawl | alaalağa sürkelirge bolluqduit is possible for them to crawl |
| be possible to | menmenŋe sürkelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to crawl | sensenŋe sürkelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to crawl | olaŋa sürkelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to crawl | bizbizge sürkelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to crawl | sizsizge sürkelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to crawl | alaalağa sürkelirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to crawl |
| be ready to | mensürkelirge hazırmaI am ready to crawl | sensürkelirge hazırsayou are ready to crawl | olsürkelirge hazırdıhe is ready to crawl | bizsürkelirge hazırbızwe are ready to crawl | sizsürkelirge hazırsızyou all are ready to crawl | alasürkelirge hazırdılathey are ready to crawl |
| be ready to | mensürkelirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to crawl | sensürkelirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to crawl | olsürkelirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to crawl | bizsürkelirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to crawl | sizsürkelirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to crawl | alasürkelirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to crawl |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mensürkelirge küreşemeI am trying to crawl | sensürkelirge küreşeseyou are trying to crawl | olsürkelirge küreşedihe is trying to crawl | bizsürkelirge küreşebizwe are trying to crawl | sizsürkelirge küreşesizyou all are trying to crawl | alasürkelirge küreşedilethey are trying to crawl |
| try to | mensürkelirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to crawl | sensürkelirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to crawl | olsürkelirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to crawl | bizsürkelirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to crawl | sizsürkelirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to crawl | alasürkelirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to crawl |
| agree to | mensürkelirge unaymaI agree to crawl | sensürkelirge unaysayou agree to crawl | olsürkelirge unaydıhe agrees to crawl | bizsürkelirge unaybızwe agree to crawl | sizsürkelirge unaysızyou all agree to crawl | alasürkelirge unaydılathey agree to crawl |
| agree to | mensürkelirge unamaymaI refuse to crawl | sensürkelirge unamaysayou refuse to crawl | olsürkelirge unamaydıhe refuses to crawl | bizsürkelirge unamaybızwe refuse to crawl | sizsürkelirge unamaysızyou all refuse to crawl | alasürkelirge unamaydılathey refuse to crawl |
| hurry to | mensürkelirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to crawl | sensürkelirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to crawl | olsürkelirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to crawl | bizsürkelirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to crawl | sizsürkelirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to crawl | alasürkelirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to crawl |
| hurry to | mensürkelirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to crawl | sensürkelirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to crawl | olsürkelirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to crawl | bizsürkelirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to crawl | sizsürkelirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to crawl | alasürkelirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to crawl |
| be afraid to | mensürkelirge qorqamaI am afraid to crawl | sensürkelirge qorqasayou are afraid to crawl | olsürkelirge qorqadıhe is afraid to crawl | bizsürkelirge qorqabızwe are afraid to crawl | sizsürkelirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to crawl | alasürkelirge qorqadılathey are afraid to crawl |
| be afraid to | mensürkelirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to crawl | sensürkelirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to crawl | olsürkelirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to crawl | bizsürkelirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to crawl | sizsürkelirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to crawl | alasürkelirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to crawl |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mensürkele bolmazmaI can't be crawling | sensürkele bolmazsayou can't be crawling | olsürkele bolmazhe can't be crawling | bizsürkele bolmazbızwe can't be crawling | sizsürkele bolmazsızyou all can't be crawling | alasürkele bolmazlathey can't be crawling |
| Inference, present — double negation | mensürkelmey bolmazmaI must be crawling (emphatic) | sensürkelmey bolmazsayou must be crawling (emphatic) | olsürkelmey bolmazhe must be crawling (emphatic) | bizsürkelmey bolmazbızwe must be crawling (emphatic) | sizsürkelmey bolmazsızyou all must be crawling (emphatic) | alasürkelmey bolmazlathey must be crawling (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mensürkele turmasamif I don't keep crawling | sensürkele turmasaŋif you don't keep crawling | olsürkele turmasaif he doesn't keep crawling | bizsürkele turmasaqif we don't keep crawling | sizsürkele turmasağızif you all don't keep crawling | alasürkele turmasalaif they don't keep crawling |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mensürkele tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of crawling | sensürkele tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of crawling | olsürkele tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of crawling | bizsürkele tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of crawling | sizsürkele tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of crawling | alasürkele tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of crawling |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mensürkelmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not crawling (emphatic) | sensürkelmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not crawling (emphatic) | olsürkelmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not crawling (emphatic) | bizsürkelmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not crawling (emphatic) | sizsürkelmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not crawling (emphatic) | alasürkelmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not crawling (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mensürkelmey turamaI keep on not crawling | sensürkelmey turasayou keep on not crawling | olsürkelmey turadıhe keeps on not crawling | bizsürkelmey turabızwe keep on not crawling | sizsürkelmey turasızyou all keep on not crawling | alasürkelmey turadılathey keep on not crawling |
| Progressive — double negation | mensürkelmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not crawling | sensürkelmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not crawling | olsürkelmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not crawling | bizsürkelmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not crawling | sizsürkelmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not crawling | alasürkelmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not crawling |
| Progressive — double negation | mensürkelmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not crawling? | sensürkelmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not crawling? | olsürkelmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not crawling? | bizsürkelmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not crawling? | sizsürkelmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not crawling? | alasürkelmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not crawling? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mensürkelgen bolmazmaI can't have crawled | sensürkelgen bolmazsayou can't have crawled | olsürkelgen bolmazhe can't have crawled | bizsürkelgen bolmazbızwe can't have crawled | sizsürkelgen bolmazsızyou all can't have crawled | alasürkelgen bolmazlathey can't have crawled |
| Inference — double negation | mensürkelmegen bolmazmaI must have crawled (emphatic) | sensürkelmegen bolmazsayou must have crawled (emphatic) | olsürkelmegen bolmazhe must have crawled (emphatic) | bizsürkelmegen bolmazbızwe must have crawled (emphatic) | sizsürkelmegen bolmazsızyou all must have crawled (emphatic) | alasürkelmegen bolmazlathey must have crawled (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mensürkelgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had crawled | sensürkelgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had crawled | olsürkelgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had crawled | bizsürkelgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had crawled | sizsürkelgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had crawled | alasürkelgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had crawled |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mensürkelmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't crawled | sensürkelmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't crawled | olsürkelmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't crawled | bizsürkelmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't crawled | sizsürkelmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't crawled | alasürkelmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't crawled |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mensürkellik bolmazmaI can't be going to crawl | sensürkellik bolmazsayou can't be going to crawl | olsürkellik bolmazhe can't be going to crawl | bizsürkellik bolmazbızwe can't be going to crawl | sizsürkellik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to crawl | alasürkellik bolmazlathey can't be going to crawl |
| Inference, future — double negation | mensürkelmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to crawl (emphatic) | sensürkelmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to crawl (emphatic) | olsürkelmezlik bolmazhe must be going to crawl (emphatic) | bizsürkelmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to crawl (emphatic) | sizsürkelmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to crawl (emphatic) | alasürkelmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to crawl (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mensürkellik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to crawl | sensürkellik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to crawl | olsürkellik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to crawl | bizsürkellik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to crawl | sizsürkellik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to crawl | alasürkellik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to crawl |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mensürkelmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to crawl | sensürkelmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to crawl | olsürkelmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to crawl | bizsürkelmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to crawl | sizsürkelmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to crawl | alasürkelmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to crawl |