sögüm
/søɡym/ · plural sögümle
1. censure, criticism, disapproval
- jıyılıwda sögüm salırğa — to voice criticism at a meeting
- sögümge tıyınşlı adam — a person deserving censure
- sögümge tüberge — to meet with censure
- sögümnü eşitirge — to hear censure
2. slander, calumny, defamation
- qızğa sögüm — slander against a girl
- sögüm aytırğa — to speak slander
- başıŋa sögüm alırğa — to bring slander upon your head
- sögümden qorqurğa — to fear slander
3. defect, flaw, shortcoming, fault
- sögümü bolmağan jaş — a young man without a flaw
- qıznı sögümü joqdu — the girl has no flaws
- tonŋa sögüm tabdıla — they found a flaw in the sheepskin coat
- sögümü joq adam — a person without a flaw
- sögümü köb zat — a thing with many flaws
- sögümü bolmağan iş — work without a flaw
- ne sögüm tabarıqsa? — what flaw will you find?
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | sögümthe censure | sögümümmy censure | sögümüŋyour censure | sögümühis censure | sögümübüzour censure | sögümügüzyou all's censure | sögümleritheir censures |
| Genitive | sögümnüthe censure's | sögümümümy censure's | sögümüŋüyour censure's | sögümünühis censure's | sögümübüznüour censure's | sögümügüznüyou all's censure's | sögümlerinitheir censures' |
| Accusative | sögümnüthe censure (as the object) | sögümümümy censure (as the object) | sögümüŋüyour censure (as the object) | sögümünhis censure (as the object) | sögümübüznüour censure (as the object) | sögümügüznüyou all's censure (as the object) | sögümlerintheir censures (as the object) |
| Dative | sögümgeto the censure | sögümümeto my censure | sögümüŋeto your censure | sögümüneto his censure | sögümübüzgeto our censure | sögümügüzgeto you all's censure | sögümlerineto their censures |
| Locative | sögümdein / at the censure | sögümümdein / at my censure | sögümüŋdein / at your censure | sögümündein / at his censure | sögümübüzdein / at our censure | sögümügüzdein / at you all's censure | sögümlerindein / at their censures |
| Ablative | sögümdenfrom the censure | sögümümdenfrom my censure | sögümüŋdenfrom your censure | sögümündenfrom his censure | sögümübüzdenfrom our censure | sögümügüzdenfrom you all's censure | sögümlerindenfrom their censures |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | sögümlethe censures | sögümlerimmy censures | sögümleriŋyour censures | sögümlerihis censures | sögümleribizour censures | sögümlerigizyou all's censures | sögümleritheir censures |
| Genitive | sögümlenithe censures' | sögümlerimimy censures' | sögümleriŋiyour censures' | sögümlerinihis censures' | sögümleribizniour censures' | sögümlerigizniyou all's censures' | sögümlerinitheir censures' |
| Accusative | sögümlenithe censures (as the object) | sögümlerimimy censures (as the object) | sögümleriŋiyour censures (as the object) | sögümlerinhis censures (as the object) | sögümleribizniour censures (as the object) | sögümlerigizniyou all's censures (as the object) | sögümlerintheir censures (as the object) |
| Dative | sögümlegeto the censures | sögümlerimeto my censures | sögümleriŋeto your censures | sögümlerineto his censures | sögümleribizgeto our censures | sögümlerigizgeto you all's censures | sögümlerineto their censures |
| Locative | sögümledein / at the censures | sögümlerimdein / at my censures | sögümleriŋdein / at your censures | sögümlerindein / at his censures | sögümleribizdein / at our censures | sögümlerigizdein / at you all's censures | sögümlerindein / at their censures |
| Ablative | sögümledenfrom the censures | sögümlerimdenfrom my censures | sögümleriŋdenfrom your censures | sögümlerindenfrom his censures | sögümleribizdenfrom our censures | sögümlerigizdenfrom you all's censures | sögümlerindenfrom their censures |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: sögümleri can mean "his / her censures", "their censure", or "their censures" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.