siŋdirirge
/siŋdirirɡe/
1. introduce, implant, embed, establish
- jaŋı adetleni siŋdirirge — to introduce new customs
- jaŋı tehnikanı siŋdirirge — to introduce new equipment
- proizvodstvoğa siŋdirirge — to introduce into production
- jaŋı adetni halqğa siŋdir — introduce the new custom to the people
- jaŋı amalnı çığarıwğa siŋdir — introduce the new method into production
2. instil, impress on, drum into, convince — the person it is drummed into stands in the dative
- aqılına siŋdirirge — to drum it into his head
- orus adetleni bizge siŋdirirge küreşedile — they are trying to instill Russian customs in us
- siŋdiredi jüreklege quwğun — instills alarm into hearts
- igi aşhı siŋdirirge — to instill it convincingly
- haman siŋdirib tururğa — to keep constantly instilling it
3. soak, impregnate, saturate — the thing that is soaked stands in the dative
- jibge jaw siŋdirirge — to impregnate the strap with oil
- jibge jawnu igi aşhı siŋdirigiz — soak the strap thoroughly with the oil
- kiyimge suw siŋdirdi — he soaked the clothes with water
- boyawnu siŋdirirge — to make the dye soak in
- ışıb siŋdirirge — to rub in
4. absorb, take in, assimilate
- ürenŋeniŋi igi siŋdirib üren — learn what you study, absorbing it well
- oquğanın igi siŋdiredi — he takes in well what he reads
Expressions
- qaphanın qabırğasına siŋdirirge — benefit from
Conjugation
Common forms
- siŋdiredihe is introducing
- siŋdirdihe introduced
- siŋdirgendihe has introduced
- siŋdirirhe will introduce
- siŋdirlikdihe is going to introduce
- siŋdire edihe was introducing
- siŋdirseif he introduces
- siŋdir!introduce!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensiŋdiremeI am introducing | sensiŋdireseyou are introducing | olsiŋdiredihe is introducing | bizsiŋdirebizwe are introducing | sizsiŋdiresizyou all are introducing | alasiŋdiredilethey are introducing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensiŋdirmeymeI am not introducing | sensiŋdirmeyseyou are not introducing | olsiŋdirmeydihe is not introducing | bizsiŋdirmeybizwe are not introducing | sizsiŋdirmeysizyou all are not introducing | alasiŋdirmeydilethey are not introducing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensiŋdirememi? siŋdiremime?am I introducing? | sensiŋdiremise?are you introducing? | olsiŋdiremidi?is he introducing? | bizsiŋdirebizmi? siŋdiremibiz?are we introducing? | sizsiŋdiremisiz?are you all introducing? | alasiŋdiremidile?are they introducing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensiŋdirmeymemi? siŋdirmeymime?aren't I introducing? | sensiŋdirmeymise?aren't you introducing? | olsiŋdirmeymidi?isn't he introducing? | bizsiŋdirmeybizmi? siŋdirmeymibiz?aren't we introducing? | sizsiŋdirmeymisiz?aren't you all introducing? | alasiŋdirmeymidile?aren't they introducing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensiŋdiriwçenmeI usually introduce | sensiŋdiriwçenseyou usually introduce | olsiŋdiriwçendihe usually introduces | bizsiŋdiriwçenbizwe usually introduce | sizsiŋdiriwçensizyou all usually introduce | alasiŋdiriwçendilethey usually introduce |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensiŋdirmewçenmeI usually don't introduce | sensiŋdirmewçenseyou usually don't introduce | olsiŋdirmewçendihe usually doesn't introduce | bizsiŋdirmewçenbizwe usually don't introduce | sizsiŋdirmewçensizyou all usually don't introduce | alasiŋdirmewçendilethey usually don't introduce |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensiŋdiriwçenmemi? siŋdiriwçenmime?do I usually introduce? | sensiŋdiriwçenmise?do you usually introduce? | olsiŋdiriwçenmidi?does he usually introduce? | bizsiŋdiriwçenbizmi? siŋdiriwçenmibiz?do we usually introduce? | sizsiŋdiriwçenmisiz?do you all usually introduce? | alasiŋdiriwçenmidile?do they usually introduce? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensiŋdirmewçenmemi? siŋdirmewçenmime?do I usually not introduce? | sensiŋdirmewçenmise?do you usually not introduce? | olsiŋdirmewçenmidi?does he usually not introduce? | bizsiŋdirmewçenbizmi? siŋdirmewçenmibiz?do we usually not introduce? | sizsiŋdirmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not introduce? | alasiŋdirmewçenmidile?do they usually not introduce? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsiŋdiribdihe has introduced and remains so | alasiŋdiribdilethey have introduced and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsiŋdiribmidi?has he introduced? | alasiŋdiribmidile?have they introduced? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensiŋdirib turamaI keep introducing | sensiŋdirib turasayou keep introducing | olsiŋdirib turadıhe keeps introducing | bizsiŋdirib turabızwe keep introducing | sizsiŋdirib turasızyou all keep introducing | alasiŋdirib turadılathey keep introducing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensiŋdirib turmaymaI don't keep introducing | sensiŋdirib turmaysayou don't keep introducing | olsiŋdirib turmaydıhe doesn't keep introducing | bizsiŋdirib turmaybızwe don't keep introducing | sizsiŋdirib turmaysızyou all don't keep introducing | alasiŋdirib turmaydılathey don't keep introducing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensiŋdirib turamamı? siŋdirib turamıma?do I keep introducing? | sensiŋdirib turamısa?do you keep introducing? | olsiŋdirib turamıdı?does he keep introducing? | bizsiŋdirib turabızmı? siŋdirib turamıbız?do we keep introducing? | sizsiŋdirib turamısız?do you all keep introducing? | alasiŋdirib turamıdıla?do they keep introducing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensiŋdirib turmaymamı? siŋdirib turmaymıma?don't I keep introducing? | sensiŋdirib turmaymısa?don't you keep introducing? | olsiŋdirib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep introducing? | bizsiŋdirib turmaybızmı? siŋdirib turmaymıbız?don't we keep introducing? | sizsiŋdirib turmaymısız?don't you all keep introducing? | alasiŋdirib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep introducing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensiŋdire turamaI am in the middle of introducing | sensiŋdire turasayou are in the middle of introducing | olsiŋdire turadıhe is in the middle of introducing | bizsiŋdire turabızwe are in the middle of introducing | sizsiŋdire turasızyou all are in the middle of introducing | alasiŋdire turadılathey are in the middle of introducing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensiŋdire turmaymaI am not in the middle of introducing | sensiŋdire turmaysayou are not in the middle of introducing | olsiŋdire turmaydıhe is not in the middle of introducing | bizsiŋdire turmaybızwe are not in the middle of introducing | sizsiŋdire turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of introducing | alasiŋdire turmaydılathey are not in the middle of introducing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensiŋdire turamamı? siŋdire turamıma?am I in the middle of introducing? | sensiŋdire turamısa?are you in the middle of introducing? | olsiŋdire turamıdı?is he in the middle of introducing? | bizsiŋdire turabızmı? siŋdire turamıbız?are we in the middle of introducing? | sizsiŋdire turamısız?are you all in the middle of introducing? | alasiŋdire turamıdıla?are they in the middle of introducing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensiŋdire turmaymamı? siŋdire turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of introducing? | sensiŋdire turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of introducing? | olsiŋdire turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of introducing? | bizsiŋdire turmaybızmı? siŋdire turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of introducing? | sizsiŋdire turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of introducing? | alasiŋdire turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of introducing? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensiŋdirdimI introduced | sensiŋdirdiŋyou introduced | olsiŋdirdihe introduced | bizsiŋdirdikwe introduced | sizsiŋdirdigizyou all introduced | alasiŋdirdilethey introduced |
| Simple past (definite) | mensiŋdirmedimI didn't introduce | sensiŋdirmediŋyou didn't introduce | olsiŋdirmedihe didn't introduce | bizsiŋdirmedikwe didn't introduce | sizsiŋdirmedigizyou all didn't introduce | alasiŋdirmedilethey didn't introduce |
| Simple past (definite) | mensiŋdirdimmi?did I introduce? | sensiŋdirdiŋmi?did you introduce? | olsiŋdirdimi?did he introduce? | bizsiŋdirdikmi?did we introduce? | sizsiŋdirdigizmi?did you all introduce? | alasiŋdirdilemi?did they introduce? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensiŋdirmedimmi?didn't I introduce? | sensiŋdirmediŋmi?didn't you introduce? | olsiŋdirmedimi?didn't he introduce? | bizsiŋdirmedikmi?didn't we introduce? | sizsiŋdirmedigizmi?didn't you all introduce? | alasiŋdirmedilemi?didn't they introduce? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensiŋdirgenmeI have introduced | sensiŋdirgenseyou have introduced | olsiŋdirgendihe has introduced | bizsiŋdirgenbizwe have introduced | sizsiŋdirgensizyou all have introduced | alasiŋdirgendilethey have introduced |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensiŋdirmegenmeI haven't introduced | sensiŋdirmegenseyou haven't introduced | olsiŋdirmegendihe hasn't introduced | bizsiŋdirmegenbizwe haven't introduced | sizsiŋdirmegensizyou all haven't introduced | alasiŋdirmegendilethey haven't introduced |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensiŋdirgenmemi? siŋdirgenmime?have I introduced? | sensiŋdirgenmise?have you introduced? | olsiŋdirgenmidi?has he introduced? | bizsiŋdirgenbizmi? siŋdirgenmibiz?have we introduced? | sizsiŋdirgenmisiz?have you all introduced? | alasiŋdirgenmidile?have they introduced? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensiŋdirmegenmemi? siŋdirmegenmime?haven't I introduced? | sensiŋdirmegenmise?haven't you introduced? | olsiŋdirmegenmidi?hasn't he introduced? | bizsiŋdirmegenbizmi? siŋdirmegenmibiz?haven't we introduced? | sizsiŋdirmegenmisiz?haven't you all introduced? | alasiŋdirmegenmidile?haven't they introduced? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensiŋdirib turdumI kept introducing | sensiŋdirib turduŋyou kept introducing | olsiŋdirib turduhe kept introducing | bizsiŋdirib turduqwe kept introducing | sizsiŋdirib turduğuzyou all kept introducing | alasiŋdirib turdulathey kept introducing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensiŋdirib turmadımI didn't keep introducing | sensiŋdirib turmadıŋyou didn't keep introducing | olsiŋdirib turmadıhe didn't keep introducing | bizsiŋdirib turmadıqwe didn't keep introducing | sizsiŋdirib turmadığızyou all didn't keep introducing | alasiŋdirib turmadılathey didn't keep introducing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensiŋdirirmeI will introduce | sensiŋdirirseyou will introduce | olsiŋdirirhe will introduce | bizsiŋdirirbizwe will introduce | sizsiŋdirirsizyou all will introduce | alasiŋdirirlethey will introduce |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensiŋdirmezmeI won't introduce | sensiŋdirmezseyou won't introduce | olsiŋdirmezhe won't introduce | bizsiŋdirmezbizwe won't introduce | sizsiŋdirmezsizyou all won't introduce | alasiŋdirmezlethey won't introduce |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensiŋdirirmemi? siŋdirirmime?will I introduce? | sensiŋdirirmise?will you introduce? | olsiŋdirirmi?will he introduce? | bizsiŋdirirbizmi? siŋdirirmibiz?will we introduce? | sizsiŋdirirmisiz?will you all introduce? | alasiŋdirirlemi? siŋdirirmile?will they introduce? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensiŋdirmezmemi? siŋdirmezmime?won't I introduce? | sensiŋdirmezmise?won't you introduce? | olsiŋdirmezmi?won't he introduce? | bizsiŋdirmezbizmi? siŋdirmezmibiz?won't we introduce? | sizsiŋdirmezmisiz?won't you all introduce? | alasiŋdirmezlemi? siŋdirmezmile?won't they introduce? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensiŋdirlikme1siŋdirrikmeI am going to introduce | sensiŋdirlikse1siŋdirrikseyou are going to introduce | olsiŋdirlikdi1siŋdirrikdihe is going to introduce | bizsiŋdirlikbiz1siŋdirrikbizwe are going to introduce | sizsiŋdirliksiz1siŋdirriksizyou all are going to introduce | alasiŋdirlikdile1siŋdirrikdilethey are going to introduce |
| Definite future (future II) | mensiŋdirlik tülme1siŋdirrik tülmeI am not going to introduce | sensiŋdirlik tülse1siŋdirrik tülseyou are not going to introduce | olsiŋdirlik tüldü1siŋdirrik tüldühe is not going to introduce | bizsiŋdirlik tülbüz1siŋdirrik tülbüzwe are not going to introduce | sizsiŋdirlik tülsüz1siŋdirrik tülsüzyou all are not going to introduce | alasiŋdirlik tüldüle1siŋdirrik tüldülethey are not going to introduce |
| Definite future (future II) | mensiŋdirlikmemi?1 siŋdirlikmime?siŋdirrikmemi?am I going to introduce? | sensiŋdirlikmise?1siŋdirrikmise?are you going to introduce? | olsiŋdirlikmidi?1siŋdirrikmidi?is he going to introduce? | bizsiŋdirlikbizmi?1 siŋdirlikmibiz?siŋdirrikbizmi?are we going to introduce? | sizsiŋdirlikmisiz?1siŋdirrikmisiz?are you all going to introduce? | alasiŋdirlikmidile?1siŋdirrikmidile?are they going to introduce? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensiŋdirlik tülmüme?1siŋdirrik tülmüme?aren't I going to introduce? | sensiŋdirlik tülmüse?1siŋdirrik tülmüse?aren't you going to introduce? | olsiŋdirlik tülmüdü?1siŋdirrik tülmüdü?isn't he going to introduce? | bizsiŋdirlik tülmübüz?1siŋdirrik tülmübüz?aren't we going to introduce? | sizsiŋdirlik tülmüsüz?1siŋdirrik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to introduce? | alasiŋdirlik tülmüdüle?1siŋdirrik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to introduce? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so siŋdirrikdi
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensiŋdirgen edimsiŋdirgenemI had introduced | sensiŋdirgen ediŋsiŋdirgeneŋyou had introduced | olsiŋdirgen edisiŋdirgenedhe had introduced | bizsiŋdirgen ediksiŋdirgenekwe had introduced | sizsiŋdirgen edigizsiŋdirgenegizyou all had introduced | alasiŋdirgen edilesiŋdirgenellethey had introduced |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensiŋdirmegen edimsiŋdirmegenemI hadn't introduced | sensiŋdirmegen ediŋsiŋdirmegeneŋyou hadn't introduced | olsiŋdirmegen edisiŋdirmegenedhe hadn't introduced | bizsiŋdirmegen ediksiŋdirmegenekwe hadn't introduced | sizsiŋdirmegen edigizsiŋdirmegenegizyou all hadn't introduced | alasiŋdirmegen edilesiŋdirmegenellethey hadn't introduced |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensiŋdire edimsiŋdiremI was introducing | sensiŋdire ediŋsiŋdireŋyou were introducing | olsiŋdire edisiŋdiredhe was introducing | bizsiŋdire ediksiŋdirekwe were introducing | sizsiŋdire edigizsiŋdiregizyou all were introducing | alasiŋdire edilesiŋdirellethey were introducing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensiŋdirmey edimsiŋdirmeyemI wasn't introducing | sensiŋdirmey ediŋsiŋdirmeyeŋyou weren't introducing | olsiŋdirmey edisiŋdirmeyedhe wasn't introducing | bizsiŋdirmey ediksiŋdirmeyekwe weren't introducing | sizsiŋdirmey edigizsiŋdirmeyegizyou all weren't introducing | alasiŋdirmey edilesiŋdirmeyellethey weren't introducing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mensiŋdiriwçen edimsiŋdiriwçenemI used to introduce | sensiŋdiriwçen ediŋsiŋdiriwçeneŋyou used to introduce | olsiŋdiriwçen edisiŋdiriwçenedhe used to introduce | bizsiŋdiriwçen ediksiŋdiriwçenekwe used to introduce | sizsiŋdiriwçen edigizsiŋdiriwçenegizyou all used to introduce | alasiŋdiriwçen edilesiŋdiriwçenellethey used to introduce |
| Habitual past (used to) | mensiŋdirmewçen edimsiŋdirmewçenemI didn't use to introduce | sensiŋdirmewçen ediŋsiŋdirmewçeneŋyou didn't use to introduce | olsiŋdirmewçen edisiŋdirmewçenedhe didn't use to introduce | bizsiŋdirmewçen ediksiŋdirmewçenekwe didn't use to introduce | sizsiŋdirmewçen edigizsiŋdirmewçenegizyou all didn't use to introduce | alasiŋdirmewçen edilesiŋdirmewçenellethey didn't use to introduce |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsiŋdirib edihe had introduced and remained so | alasiŋdirib edilethey had introduced and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsiŋdirib tül edihe hadn't introduced | alasiŋdirib tül edilethey hadn't introduced | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensiŋdirib tura edimsiŋdirib turaemI had kept introducing | sensiŋdirib tura ediŋsiŋdirib turaeŋyou had kept introducing | olsiŋdirib tura edisiŋdirib turaedhe had kept introducing | bizsiŋdirib tura ediksiŋdirib turaekwe had kept introducing | sizsiŋdirib tura edigizsiŋdirib turaegizyou all had kept introducing | alasiŋdirib tura edilesiŋdirib turaellethey had kept introducing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensiŋdirib turmay edimsiŋdirib turmayemI hadn't kept introducing | sensiŋdirib turmay ediŋsiŋdirib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept introducing | olsiŋdirib turmay edisiŋdirib turmayedhe hadn't kept introducing | bizsiŋdirib turmay ediksiŋdirib turmayekwe hadn't kept introducing | sizsiŋdirib turmay edigizsiŋdirib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept introducing | alasiŋdirib turmay edilesiŋdirib turmayellethey hadn't kept introducing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensiŋdire tura edimsiŋdire turaemI was in the middle of introducing | sensiŋdire tura ediŋsiŋdire turaeŋyou were in the middle of introducing | olsiŋdire tura edisiŋdire turaedhe was in the middle of introducing | bizsiŋdire tura ediksiŋdire turaekwe were in the middle of introducing | sizsiŋdire tura edigizsiŋdire turaegizyou all were in the middle of introducing | alasiŋdire tura edilesiŋdire turaellethey were in the middle of introducing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensiŋdire turmay edimsiŋdire turmayemI wasn't in the middle of introducing | sensiŋdire turmay ediŋsiŋdire turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of introducing | olsiŋdire turmay edisiŋdire turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of introducing | bizsiŋdire turmay ediksiŋdire turmayekwe weren't in the middle of introducing | sizsiŋdire turmay edigizsiŋdire turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of introducing | alasiŋdire turmay edilesiŋdire turmayellethey weren't in the middle of introducing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mensiŋdirir edimsiŋdirir emI would introduce | sensiŋdirir ediŋsiŋdirir eŋyou would introduce | olsiŋdirir edisiŋdirir edhe would introduce | bizsiŋdirir ediksiŋdirir ekwe would introduce | sizsiŋdirir edigizsiŋdirir egizyou all would introduce | alasiŋdirir edilesiŋdirir ellethey would introduce |
| Conditional result (would) | mensiŋdirmez edimsiŋdirmez emI wouldn't introduce | sensiŋdirmez ediŋsiŋdirmez eŋyou wouldn't introduce | olsiŋdirmez edisiŋdirmez edhe wouldn't introduce | bizsiŋdirmez ediksiŋdirmez ekwe wouldn't introduce | sizsiŋdirmez edigizsiŋdirmez egizyou all wouldn't introduce | alasiŋdirmez edilesiŋdirmez ellethey wouldn't introduce |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensiŋdirlik edim2siŋdirlik emsiŋdirrik edimI would have introduced | sensiŋdirlik ediŋ2siŋdirlik eŋsiŋdirrik ediŋyou would have introduced | olsiŋdirlik edi2siŋdirlik edsiŋdirrik edihe would have introduced | bizsiŋdirlik edik2siŋdirlik eksiŋdirrik edikwe would have introduced | sizsiŋdirlik edigiz2siŋdirlik egizsiŋdirrik edigizyou all would have introduced | alasiŋdirlik edile2siŋdirlik ellesiŋdirrik edilethey would have introduced |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensiŋdirlik tül edim2siŋdirlik tül emsiŋdirrik tül edimI wouldn't have introduced | sensiŋdirlik tül ediŋ2siŋdirlik tül eŋsiŋdirrik tül ediŋyou wouldn't have introduced | olsiŋdirlik tül edi2siŋdirlik tül edsiŋdirrik tül edihe wouldn't have introduced | bizsiŋdirlik tül edik2siŋdirlik tül eksiŋdirrik tül edikwe wouldn't have introduced | sizsiŋdirlik tül edigiz2siŋdirlik tül egizsiŋdirrik tül edigizyou all wouldn't have introduced | alasiŋdirlik tül edile2siŋdirlik tül ellesiŋdirrik tül edilethey wouldn't have introduced |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so siŋdirrik edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mensiŋdirsemif I introduce | sensiŋdirseŋif you introduce | olsiŋdirseif he introduces | bizsiŋdirsekif we introduce | sizsiŋdirsegizif you all introduce | alasiŋdirseleif they introduce |
| Conditional | mensiŋdirmesemif I don't introduce | sensiŋdirmeseŋif you don't introduce | olsiŋdirmeseif he doesn't introduce | bizsiŋdirmesekif we don't introduce | sizsiŋdirmesegizif you all don't introduce | alasiŋdirmeseleif they don't introduce |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mensiŋdire esemif I am introducing | sensiŋdire eseŋif you are introducing | olsiŋdire eseif he is introducing | bizsiŋdire esekif we are introducing | sizsiŋdire esegizif you all are introducing | alasiŋdire eseleif they are introducing |
| Conditional, present real | mensiŋdirmey esemif I am not introducing | sensiŋdirmey eseŋif you are not introducing | olsiŋdirmey eseif he is not introducing | bizsiŋdirmey esekif we are not introducing | sizsiŋdirmey esegizif you all are not introducing | alasiŋdirmey eseleif they are not introducing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensiŋdirsem edisiŋdirsem edif only I introduced | sensiŋdirseŋ edisiŋdirseŋ edif only you introduced | olsiŋdirse edisiŋdirsedif only he introduced | bizsiŋdirsek edisiŋdirsek edif only we introduced | sizsiŋdirsegiz edisiŋdirsegiz edif only you all introduced | alasiŋdirsele edisiŋdirseledif only they introduced |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensiŋdirmesem edisiŋdirmesem edif only I didn't introduce | sensiŋdirmeseŋ edisiŋdirmeseŋ edif only you didn't introduce | olsiŋdirmese edisiŋdirmesedif only he didn't introduce | bizsiŋdirmesek edisiŋdirmesek edif only we didn't introduce | sizsiŋdirmesegiz edisiŋdirmesegiz edif only you all didn't introduce | alasiŋdirmesele edisiŋdirmeseledif only they didn't introduce |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mensiŋdirib tursamif I carry on introducing | sensiŋdirib tursaŋif you carry on introducing | olsiŋdirib tursaif he carries on introducing | bizsiŋdirib tursaqif we carry on introducing | sizsiŋdirib tursağızif you all carry on introducing | alasiŋdirib tursalaif they carry on introducing |
| Durative conditional | mensiŋdirib turmasamif I don't carry on introducing | sensiŋdirib turmasaŋif you don't carry on introducing | olsiŋdirib turmasaif he doesn't carry on introducing | bizsiŋdirib turmasaqif we don't carry on introducing | sizsiŋdirib turmasağızif you all don't carry on introducing | alasiŋdirib turmasalaif they don't carry on introducing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mensiŋdirib tura esemif I have kept introducing | sensiŋdirib tura eseŋif you have kept introducing | olsiŋdirib tura eseif he has kept introducing | bizsiŋdirib tura esekif we have kept introducing | sizsiŋdirib tura esegizif you all have kept introducing | alasiŋdirib tura eseleif they have kept introducing |
| Durative conditional, present real | mensiŋdirib turmay esemif I haven't kept introducing | sensiŋdirib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept introducing | olsiŋdirib turmay eseif he hasn't kept introducing | bizsiŋdirib turmay esekif we haven't kept introducing | sizsiŋdirib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept introducing | alasiŋdirib turmay eseleif they haven't kept introducing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mensiŋdire tursamif I keep introducing | sensiŋdire tursaŋif you keep introducing | olsiŋdire tursaif he keeps introducing | bizsiŋdire tursaqif we keep introducing | sizsiŋdire tursağızif you all keep introducing | alasiŋdire tursalaif they keep introducing |
| Progressive conditional | mensiŋdirmey tursamif I keep on not introducing | sensiŋdirmey tursaŋif you keep on not introducing | olsiŋdirmey tursaif he keeps on not introducing | bizsiŋdirmey tursaqif we keep on not introducing | sizsiŋdirmey tursağızif you all keep on not introducing | alasiŋdirmey tursalaif they keep on not introducing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensiŋdire tura esemif I am in the middle of introducing | sensiŋdire tura eseŋif you are in the middle of introducing | olsiŋdire tura eseif he is in the middle of introducing | bizsiŋdire tura esekif we are in the middle of introducing | sizsiŋdire tura esegizif you all are in the middle of introducing | alasiŋdire tura eseleif they are in the middle of introducing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensiŋdirmey tura esemif I keep on not introducing | sensiŋdirmey tura eseŋif you keep on not introducing | olsiŋdirmey tura eseif he keeps on not introducing | bizsiŋdirmey tura esekif we keep on not introducing | sizsiŋdirmey tura esegizif you all keep on not introducing | alasiŋdirmey tura eseleif they keep on not introducing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | mensiŋdirdim esemif I introduced | sensiŋdirdiŋ eseŋif you introduced | olsiŋdirdi eseif he introduced | bizsiŋdirdik esekif we introduced | sizsiŋdirdigiz esegizif you all introduced | alasiŋdirdile eseleif they introduced |
| Conditional, definite past3 | mensiŋdirmedim esemif I didn't introduce | sensiŋdirmediŋ eseŋif you didn't introduce | olsiŋdirmedi eseif he didn't introduce | bizsiŋdirmedik esekif we didn't introduce | sizsiŋdirmedigiz esegizif you all didn't introduce | alasiŋdirmedile eseleif they didn't introduce |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mensiŋdirgen esemif I did introduce (indeed) | sensiŋdirgen eseŋif you did introduce (indeed) | olsiŋdirgen eseif he did introduce (indeed) | bizsiŋdirgen esekif we did introduce (indeed) | sizsiŋdirgen esegizif you all did introduce (indeed) | alasiŋdirgen eseleif they did introduce (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mensiŋdirmegen esemif I didn't introduce (indeed) | sensiŋdirmegen eseŋif you didn't introduce (indeed) | olsiŋdirmegen eseif he didn't introduce (indeed) | bizsiŋdirmegen esekif we didn't introduce (indeed) | sizsiŋdirmegen esegizif you all didn't introduce (indeed) | alasiŋdirmegen eseleif they didn't introduce (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensiŋdirgen bolsamif I had introduced | sensiŋdirgen bolsaŋif you had introduced | olsiŋdirgen bolsaif he had introduced | bizsiŋdirgen bolsaqif we had introduced | sizsiŋdirgen bolsağızif you all had introduced | alasiŋdirgen bolsalaif they had introduced |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensiŋdirmegen bolsamif I hadn't introduced | sensiŋdirmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't introduced | olsiŋdirmegen bolsaif he hadn't introduced | bizsiŋdirmegen bolsaqif we hadn't introduced | sizsiŋdirmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't introduced | alasiŋdirmegen bolsalaif they hadn't introduced |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensiŋdirgen bolsam edisiŋdirgen bolsam edif only I had introduced | sensiŋdirgen bolsaŋ edisiŋdirgen bolsaŋ edif only you had introduced | olsiŋdirgen bolsa edisiŋdirgen bolsaedif only he had introduced | bizsiŋdirgen bolsaq edisiŋdirgen bolsaq edif only we had introduced | sizsiŋdirgen bolsağız edisiŋdirgen bolsağız edif only you all had introduced | alasiŋdirgen bolsala edisiŋdirgen bolsalaedif only they had introduced |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensiŋdirmegen bolsam edisiŋdirmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't introduced | sensiŋdirmegen bolsaŋ edisiŋdirmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't introduced | olsiŋdirmegen bolsa edisiŋdirmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't introduced | bizsiŋdirmegen bolsaq edisiŋdirmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't introduced | sizsiŋdirmegen bolsağız edisiŋdirmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't introduced | alasiŋdirmegen bolsala edisiŋdirmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't introduced |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mensiŋdirir esemif I will introduce | sensiŋdirir eseŋif you will introduce | olsiŋdirir eseif he will introduce | bizsiŋdirir esekif we will introduce | sizsiŋdirir esegizif you all will introduce | alasiŋdirir eseleif they will introduce |
| Conditional, aorist | mensiŋdirmez esemif I won't introduce | sensiŋdirmez eseŋif you won't introduce | olsiŋdirmez eseif he won't introduce | bizsiŋdirmez esekif we won't introduce | sizsiŋdirmez esegizif you all won't introduce | alasiŋdirmez eseleif they won't introduce |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mensiŋdirlik esem4siŋdirrik esemif I am going to introduce | sensiŋdirlik eseŋ4siŋdirrik eseŋif you are going to introduce | olsiŋdirlik ese4siŋdirrik eseif he is going to introduce | bizsiŋdirlik esek4siŋdirrik esekif we are going to introduce | sizsiŋdirlik esegiz4siŋdirrik esegizif you all are going to introduce | alasiŋdirlik esele4siŋdirrik eseleif they are going to introduce |
| Conditional, future | mensiŋdirlik tül esem4siŋdirrik tül esemif I am not going to introduce | sensiŋdirlik tül eseŋ4siŋdirrik tül eseŋif you are not going to introduce | olsiŋdirlik tül ese4siŋdirrik tül eseif he is not going to introduce | bizsiŋdirlik tül esek4siŋdirrik tül esekif we are not going to introduce | sizsiŋdirlik tül esegiz4siŋdirrik tül esegizif you all are not going to introduce | alasiŋdirlik tül esele4siŋdirrik tül eseleif they are not going to introduce |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensiŋdirlik bolsam5siŋdirrik bolsamif I were going to introduce | sensiŋdirlik bolsaŋ5siŋdirrik bolsaŋif you were going to introduce | olsiŋdirlik bolsa5siŋdirrik bolsaif he were going to introduce | bizsiŋdirlik bolsaq5siŋdirrik bolsaqif we were going to introduce | sizsiŋdirlik bolsağız5siŋdirrik bolsağızif you all were going to introduce | alasiŋdirlik bolsala5siŋdirrik bolsalaif they were going to introduce |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensiŋdirmezlik bolsamif I were not going to introduce | sensiŋdirmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to introduce | olsiŋdirmezlik bolsaif he were not going to introduce | bizsiŋdirmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to introduce | sizsiŋdirmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to introduce | alasiŋdirmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to introduce |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso siŋdirdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so siŋdirrik ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so siŋdirrik bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensiŋdire bolurmaI must be introducing | sensiŋdire bolursayou must be introducing | olsiŋdire bolurhe must be introducing | bizsiŋdire bolurbuzwe must be introducing | sizsiŋdire bolursuzyou all must be introducing | alasiŋdire bolurlathey must be introducing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensiŋdirmey bolurmaI must not be introducing | sensiŋdirmey bolursayou must not be introducing | olsiŋdirmey bolurhe must not be introducing | bizsiŋdirmey bolurbuzwe must not be introducing | sizsiŋdirmey bolursuzyou all must not be introducing | alasiŋdirmey bolurlathey must not be introducing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensiŋdire tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of introducing | sensiŋdire tura bolursayou must be in the middle of introducing | olsiŋdire tura bolurhe must be in the middle of introducing | bizsiŋdire tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of introducing | sizsiŋdire tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of introducing | alasiŋdire tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of introducing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensiŋdirmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not introducing | sensiŋdirmey tura bolursayou must keep on not introducing | olsiŋdirmey tura bolurhe must keep on not introducing | bizsiŋdirmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not introducing | sizsiŋdirmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not introducing | alasiŋdirmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not introducing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mensiŋdirgen bolurmaI must have introduced | sensiŋdirgen bolursayou must have introduced | olsiŋdirgen bolurhe must have introduced | bizsiŋdirgen bolurbuzwe must have introduced | sizsiŋdirgen bolursuzyou all must have introduced | alasiŋdirgen bolurlathey must have introduced |
| Inference (must have) | mensiŋdirmegen bolurmaI must not have introduced | sensiŋdirmegen bolursayou must not have introduced | olsiŋdirmegen bolurhe must not have introduced | bizsiŋdirmegen bolurbuzwe must not have introduced | sizsiŋdirmegen bolursuzyou all must not have introduced | alasiŋdirmegen bolurlathey must not have introduced |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensiŋdirlik bolurma6siŋdirrik bolurmaI must be going to introduce | sensiŋdirlik bolursa6siŋdirrik bolursayou must be going to introduce | olsiŋdirlik bolur6siŋdirrik bolurhe must be going to introduce | bizsiŋdirlik bolurbuz6siŋdirrik bolurbuzwe must be going to introduce | sizsiŋdirlik bolursuz6siŋdirrik bolursuzyou all must be going to introduce | alasiŋdirlik bolurla6siŋdirrik bolurlathey must be going to introduce |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensiŋdirmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to introduce | sensiŋdirmezlik bolursayou must not be going to introduce | olsiŋdirmezlik bolurhe must not be going to introduce | bizsiŋdirmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to introduce | sizsiŋdirmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to introduce | alasiŋdirmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to introduce |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so siŋdirrik bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mensiŋdireyimlet me introduce | sensiŋdir!introduce! | olsiŋdirsinlet him introduce | bizsiŋdireyiklet's introduce | sizsiŋdirigiz!introduce, you all! | alasiŋdirsinlelet them introduce |
| Commands & suggestions | mensiŋdirmeyimlet me not introduce | sensiŋdirme!don't introduce! | olsiŋdirmesinlet him not introduce | bizsiŋdirmeyiklet's not introduce | sizsiŋdirmegiz!don't introduce, you all! | alasiŋdirmesinlelet them not introduce |
| Commands & suggestions | mensiŋdireyimmi?shall I introduce? | olsiŋdirsinmi?should he introduce? | bizsiŋdireyikmi?shall we introduce? | alasiŋdirsinlemi?should they introduce? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mensiŋdirmeyimmi?shall I not introduce? | olsiŋdirmesinmi?should he not introduce? | bizsiŋdirmeyikmi?shall we not introduce? | alasiŋdirmesinlemi?should they not introduce? | ||
| Requests | sensiŋdirçi7siŋdirçinplease introduce | olsiŋdirsinçido let him introduce | sizsiŋdirçigizplease introduce (plural/polite) | alasiŋdirsinleçido let them introduce | ||
| Requests | sensiŋdirmeçi7siŋdirmeçinplease don't introduce | olsiŋdirmesinçido let him not introduce | sizsiŋdirmeçigizplease don't introduce (plural/polite) | alasiŋdirmesinleçido let them not introduce | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensiŋdirginsiŋdirgimay you introduce | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensiŋdirmeginsiŋdirmegimay you not introduce | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensiŋdirgey edim siŋdirge edimwould that I introduced | sensiŋdirgey ediŋ siŋdirge ediŋwould that you introduced | olsiŋdirgey edi siŋdirge ediwould that he introduced | bizsiŋdirgey edik siŋdirge edikwould that we introduced | sizsiŋdirgey edigiz siŋdirge edigizwould that you all introduced | alasiŋdirgey edile siŋdirge edilewould that they introduced |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensiŋdirmegey edim siŋdirmege edimwould that I did not introduce | sensiŋdirmegey ediŋ siŋdirmege ediŋwould that you did not introduce | olsiŋdirmegey edi siŋdirmege ediwould that he did not introduce | bizsiŋdirmegey edik siŋdirmege edikwould that we did not introduce | sizsiŋdirmegey edigiz siŋdirmege edigizwould that you all did not introduce | alasiŋdirmegey edile siŋdirmege edilewould that they did not introduce |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensiŋdirmege qoyayımsiŋdirme qoyayımlet me allow someone to introduce | sensiŋdirmege qoy!siŋdirme qoy!let someone introduce! | olsiŋdirmege qoysunsiŋdirme qoysunlet him allow someone to introduce | bizsiŋdirmege qoyayıqsiŋdirme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to introduce | sizsiŋdirmege qoyuğuz!siŋdirme qoyuğuz!let someone introduce, you all! | alasiŋdirmege qoysunlasiŋdirme qoysunlalet them allow someone to introduce |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensiŋdirmege qoymayımsiŋdirme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to introduce | sensiŋdirmege qoyma!siŋdirme qoyma!don't let someone introduce! | olsiŋdirmege qoymasınsiŋdirme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to introduce | bizsiŋdirmege qoymayıqsiŋdirme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to introduce | sizsiŋdirmege qoymağız!siŋdirme qoymağız!don't let someone introduce, you all! | alasiŋdirmege qoymasınlasiŋdirme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to introduce |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensiŋdirmege qoyayımmı?siŋdirme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to introduce? | olsiŋdirmege qoysunmu?siŋdirme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to introduce? | bizsiŋdirmege qoyayıqmı?siŋdirme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to introduce? | alasiŋdirmege qoysunlamı?siŋdirme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to introduce? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensiŋdirmege qoymayımmı?siŋdirme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to introduce? | olsiŋdirmege qoymasınmı?siŋdirme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to introduce? | bizsiŋdirmege qoymayıqmı?siŋdirme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to introduce? | alasiŋdirmege qoymasınlamı?siŋdirme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to introduce? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mensiŋdirmege qoyamasiŋdirme qoyamaI allow someone to introduce | sensiŋdirmege qoyasasiŋdirme qoyasayou allow someone to introduce | olsiŋdirmege qoyadısiŋdirme qoyadıhe allows someone to introduce | bizsiŋdirmege qoyabızsiŋdirme qoyabızwe allow someone to introduce | sizsiŋdirmege qoyasızsiŋdirme qoyasızyou all allow someone to introduce | alasiŋdirmege qoyadılasiŋdirme qoyadılathey allow someone to introduce |
| Let someone… (present) | mensiŋdirmege qoymaymasiŋdirme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to introduce | sensiŋdirmege qoymaysasiŋdirme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to introduce | olsiŋdirmege qoymaydısiŋdirme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to introduce | bizsiŋdirmege qoymaybızsiŋdirme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to introduce | sizsiŋdirmege qoymaysızsiŋdirme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to introduce | alasiŋdirmege qoymaydılasiŋdirme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to introduce |
| Let someone… (present) | mensiŋdirmege qoyamamı?siŋdirme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to introduce? | sensiŋdirmege qoyamısa?siŋdirme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to introduce? | olsiŋdirmege qoyamıdı?siŋdirme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to introduce? | bizsiŋdirmege qoyabızmı?siŋdirme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to introduce? | sizsiŋdirmege qoyamısız?siŋdirme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to introduce? | alasiŋdirmege qoyamıdıla?siŋdirme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to introduce? |
| Let someone… (present) | mensiŋdirmege qoymaymamı?siŋdirme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to introduce? | sensiŋdirmege qoymaymısa?siŋdirme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to introduce? | olsiŋdirmege qoymaymıdı?siŋdirme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to introduce? | bizsiŋdirmege qoymaybızmı?siŋdirme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to introduce? | sizsiŋdirmege qoymaymısız?siŋdirme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to introduce? | alasiŋdirmege qoymaymıdıla?siŋdirme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to introduce? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensiŋdirmege qoydumsiŋdirme qoydumI allowed someone to introduce | sensiŋdirmege qoyduŋsiŋdirme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to introduce | olsiŋdirmege qoydusiŋdirme qoyduhe allowed someone to introduce | bizsiŋdirmege qoyduqsiŋdirme qoyduqwe allowed someone to introduce | sizsiŋdirmege qoyduğuzsiŋdirme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to introduce | alasiŋdirmege qoydulasiŋdirme qoydulathey allowed someone to introduce |
| Let someone… (past) | mensiŋdirmege qoymadımsiŋdirme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to introduce | sensiŋdirmege qoymadıŋsiŋdirme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to introduce | olsiŋdirmege qoymadısiŋdirme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to introduce | bizsiŋdirmege qoymadıqsiŋdirme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to introduce | sizsiŋdirmege qoymadığızsiŋdirme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to introduce | alasiŋdirmege qoymadılasiŋdirme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to introduce |
| Let someone… (past) | mensiŋdirmege qoydummu?siŋdirme qoydummu?did I allow someone to introduce? | sensiŋdirmege qoyduŋmu?siŋdirme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to introduce? | olsiŋdirmege qoydumu?siŋdirme qoydumu?did he allow someone to introduce? | bizsiŋdirmege qoyduqmu?siŋdirme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to introduce? | sizsiŋdirmege qoyduğuzmu?siŋdirme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to introduce? | alasiŋdirmege qoydulamı?siŋdirme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to introduce? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensiŋdirmege qoymadımmı?siŋdirme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to introduce? | sensiŋdirmege qoymadıŋmı?siŋdirme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to introduce? | olsiŋdirmege qoymadımı?siŋdirme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to introduce? | bizsiŋdirmege qoymadıqmı?siŋdirme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to introduce? | sizsiŋdirmege qoymadığızmı?siŋdirme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to introduce? | alasiŋdirmege qoymadılamı?siŋdirme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to introduce? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mensiŋdiralamaI can introduce | sensiŋdiralasayou can introduce | olsiŋdiraladıhe can introduce | bizsiŋdiralabızwe can introduce | sizsiŋdiralasızyou all can introduce | alasiŋdiraladılathey can introduce |
| Ability — present | mensiŋdiralmaymaI can't introduce | sensiŋdiralmaysayou can't introduce | olsiŋdiralmaydıhe can't introduce | bizsiŋdiralmaybızwe can't introduce | sizsiŋdiralmaysızyou all can't introduce | alasiŋdiralmaydılathey can't introduce |
| Ability — present | mensiŋdiralamamı? siŋdiralamıma?can I introduce? | sensiŋdiralamısa?can you introduce? | olsiŋdiralamıdı?can he introduce? | bizsiŋdiralabızmı? siŋdiralamıbız?can we introduce? | sizsiŋdiralamısız?can you all introduce? | alasiŋdiralamıdıla?can they introduce? |
| Ability — present | mensiŋdiralmaymamı? siŋdiralmaymıma?can't I introduce? | sensiŋdiralmaymısa?can't you introduce? | olsiŋdiralmaymıdı?can't he introduce? | bizsiŋdiralmaybızmı? siŋdiralmaymıbız?can't we introduce? | sizsiŋdiralmaymısız?can't you all introduce? | alasiŋdiralmaymıdıla?can't they introduce? |
| Ability — if I can… | mensiŋdiralsamif I can introduce | sensiŋdiralsaŋif you can introduce | olsiŋdiralsaif he can introduce | bizsiŋdiralsaqif we can introduce | sizsiŋdiralsağızif you all can introduce | alasiŋdiralsalaif they can introduce |
| Ability — if I can… | mensiŋdiralmasamif I can't introduce | sensiŋdiralmasaŋif you can't introduce | olsiŋdiralmasaif he can't introduce | bizsiŋdiralmasaqif we can't introduce | sizsiŋdiralmasağızif you all can't introduce | alasiŋdiralmasalaif they can't introduce |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mensiŋdiraldımI was able to introduce | sensiŋdiraldıŋyou were able to introduce | olsiŋdiraldıhe was able to introduce | bizsiŋdiraldıqwe were able to introduce | sizsiŋdiraldığızyou all were able to introduce | alasiŋdiraldılathey were able to introduce |
| Ability — simple past | mensiŋdiralmadımI could not introduce | sensiŋdiralmadıŋyou could not introduce | olsiŋdiralmadıhe could not introduce | bizsiŋdiralmadıqwe could not introduce | sizsiŋdiralmadığızyou all could not introduce | alasiŋdiralmadılathey could not introduce |
| Ability — simple past | mensiŋdiraldımmı?was I able to introduce? | sensiŋdiraldıŋmı?were you able to introduce? | olsiŋdiraldımı?was he able to introduce? | bizsiŋdiraldıqmı?were we able to introduce? | sizsiŋdiraldığızmı?were you all able to introduce? | alasiŋdiraldılamı?were they able to introduce? |
| Ability — simple past | mensiŋdiralmadımmı?couldn't I introduce? | sensiŋdiralmadıŋmı?couldn't you introduce? | olsiŋdiralmadımı?couldn't he introduce? | bizsiŋdiralmadıqmı?couldn't we introduce? | sizsiŋdiralmadığızmı?couldn't you all introduce? | alasiŋdiralmadılamı?couldn't they introduce? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensiŋdiralğanmaI have been able to introduce | sensiŋdiralğansayou have been able to introduce | olsiŋdiralğandıhe has been able to introduce | bizsiŋdiralğanbızwe have been able to introduce | sizsiŋdiralğansızyou all have been able to introduce | alasiŋdiralğandılathey have been able to introduce |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensiŋdiralmağanmaI haven't been able to introduce | sensiŋdiralmağansayou haven't been able to introduce | olsiŋdiralmağandıhe hasn't been able to introduce | bizsiŋdiralmağanbızwe haven't been able to introduce | sizsiŋdiralmağansızyou all haven't been able to introduce | alasiŋdiralmağandılathey haven't been able to introduce |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensiŋdiralğanmamı? siŋdiralğanmıma?have I been able to introduce? | sensiŋdiralğanmısa?have you been able to introduce? | olsiŋdiralğanmıdı?has he been able to introduce? | bizsiŋdiralğanbızmı? siŋdiralğanmıbız?have we been able to introduce? | sizsiŋdiralğanmısız?have you all been able to introduce? | alasiŋdiralğanmıdıla?have they been able to introduce? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensiŋdiralmağanmamı? siŋdiralmağanmıma?haven't I been able to introduce? | sensiŋdiralmağanmısa?haven't you been able to introduce? | olsiŋdiralmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to introduce? | bizsiŋdiralmağanbızmı? siŋdiralmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to introduce? | sizsiŋdiralmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to introduce? | alasiŋdiralmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to introduce? |
| Ability — past perfect | mensiŋdiralğan edimsiŋdiralğanemI had been able to introduce | sensiŋdiralğan ediŋsiŋdiralğaneŋyou had been able to introduce | olsiŋdiralğan edisiŋdiralğanedhe had been able to introduce | bizsiŋdiralğan ediksiŋdiralğanekwe had been able to introduce | sizsiŋdiralğan edigizsiŋdiralğanegizyou all had been able to introduce | alasiŋdiralğan edilesiŋdiralğanellethey had been able to introduce |
| Ability — past perfect | mensiŋdiralmağan edimsiŋdiralmağanemI hadn't been able to introduce | sensiŋdiralmağan ediŋsiŋdiralmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to introduce | olsiŋdiralmağan edisiŋdiralmağanedhe hadn't been able to introduce | bizsiŋdiralmağan ediksiŋdiralmağanekwe hadn't been able to introduce | sizsiŋdiralmağan edigizsiŋdiralmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to introduce | alasiŋdiralmağan edilesiŋdiralmağanellethey hadn't been able to introduce |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mensiŋdirala edimsiŋdiralaemI could introduce | sensiŋdirala ediŋsiŋdiralaeŋyou could introduce | olsiŋdirala edisiŋdiralaedhe could introduce | bizsiŋdirala ediksiŋdiralaekwe could introduce | sizsiŋdirala edigizsiŋdiralaegizyou all could introduce | alasiŋdirala edilesiŋdiralaellethey could introduce |
| Ability — past background | mensiŋdiralmay edimsiŋdiralmayemI could not introduce | sensiŋdiralmay ediŋsiŋdiralmayeŋyou could not introduce | olsiŋdiralmay edisiŋdiralmayedhe could not introduce | bizsiŋdiralmay ediksiŋdiralmayekwe could not introduce | sizsiŋdiralmay edigizsiŋdiralmayegizyou all could not introduce | alasiŋdiralmay edilesiŋdiralmayellethey could not introduce |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mensiŋdiralırmaI will be able to introduce | sensiŋdiralırsayou will be able to introduce | olsiŋdiralırhe will be able to introduce | bizsiŋdiralırbızwe will be able to introduce | sizsiŋdiralırsızyou all will be able to introduce | alasiŋdiralırlathey will be able to introduce |
| Ability — future I | mensiŋdiralmazmaI won't be able to introduce | sensiŋdiralmazsayou won't be able to introduce | olsiŋdiralmazhe won't be able to introduce | bizsiŋdiralmazbızwe won't be able to introduce | sizsiŋdiralmazsızyou all won't be able to introduce | alasiŋdiralmazlathey won't be able to introduce |
| Ability — future I | mensiŋdiralırmamı? siŋdiralırmıma?will I be able to introduce? | sensiŋdiralırmısa?will you be able to introduce? | olsiŋdiralırmı?will he be able to introduce? | bizsiŋdiralırbızmı? siŋdiralırmıbız?will we be able to introduce? | sizsiŋdiralırmısız?will you all be able to introduce? | alasiŋdiralırlamı? siŋdiralırmıla?will they be able to introduce? |
| Ability — future I | mensiŋdiralmazmamı? siŋdiralmazmıma?won't I be able to introduce? | sensiŋdiralmazmısa?won't you be able to introduce? | olsiŋdiralmazmı?won't he be able to introduce? | bizsiŋdiralmazbızmı? siŋdiralmazmıbız?won't we be able to introduce? | sizsiŋdiralmazmısız?won't you all be able to introduce? | alasiŋdiralmazlamı? siŋdiralmazmıla?won't they be able to introduce? |
| Ability — future II | mensiŋdirallıqmaI am going to be able to introduce | sensiŋdirallıqsayou are going to be able to introduce | olsiŋdirallıqdıhe is going to be able to introduce | bizsiŋdirallıqbızwe are going to be able to introduce | sizsiŋdirallıqsızyou all are going to be able to introduce | alasiŋdirallıqdılathey are going to be able to introduce |
| Ability — future II | mensiŋdirallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to introduce | sensiŋdirallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to introduce | olsiŋdirallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to introduce | bizsiŋdirallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to introduce | sizsiŋdirallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to introduce | alasiŋdirallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to introduce |
| Ability — future II | mensiŋdirallıqmamı? siŋdirallıqmıma?am I going to be able to introduce? | sensiŋdirallıqmısa?are you going to be able to introduce? | olsiŋdirallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to introduce? | bizsiŋdirallıqbızmı? siŋdirallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to introduce? | sizsiŋdirallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to introduce? | alasiŋdirallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to introduce? |
| Ability — future II | mensiŋdirallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to introduce? | sensiŋdirallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to introduce? | olsiŋdirallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to introduce? | bizsiŋdirallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to introduce? | sizsiŋdirallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to introduce? | alasiŋdirallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to introduce? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensiŋdiralır edimsiŋdiralır emI would be able to introduce | sensiŋdiralır ediŋsiŋdiralır eŋyou would be able to introduce | olsiŋdiralır edisiŋdiralır edhe would be able to introduce | bizsiŋdiralır ediksiŋdiralır ekwe would be able to introduce | sizsiŋdiralır edigizsiŋdiralır egizyou all would be able to introduce | alasiŋdiralır edilesiŋdiralır ellethey would be able to introduce |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensiŋdiralmaz edimsiŋdiralmaz emI wouldn't be able to introduce | sensiŋdiralmaz ediŋsiŋdiralmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to introduce | olsiŋdiralmaz edisiŋdiralmaz edhe wouldn't be able to introduce | bizsiŋdiralmaz ediksiŋdiralmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to introduce | sizsiŋdiralmaz edigizsiŋdiralmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to introduce | alasiŋdiralmaz edilesiŋdiralmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to introduce |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensiŋdiralğınsiŋdiralğımay you be able to introduce | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensiŋdiralmağınsiŋdiralmağımay you not be able to introduce | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mensiŋdirirge izleymeI want to introduce | sensiŋdirirge izleyseyou want to introduce | olsiŋdirirge izleydihe wants to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge izleybizwe want to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge izleysizyou all want to introduce | alasiŋdirirge izleydilethey want to introduce |
| want to | mensiŋdirirge izlemeymeI do not want to introduce | sensiŋdirirge izlemeyseyou do not want to introduce | olsiŋdirirge izlemeydihe does not want to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge izlemeybizwe do not want to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to introduce | alasiŋdirirge izlemeydilethey do not want to introduce |
| would like to | mensiŋdirirge süemeI would like to introduce | sensiŋdirirge süeseyou would like to introduce | olsiŋdirirge süedihe would like to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge süebizwe would like to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge süesizyou all would like to introduce | alasiŋdirirge süedilethey would like to introduce |
| would like to | mensiŋdirirge süymeymeI would not like to introduce | sensiŋdirirge süymeyseyou would not like to introduce | olsiŋdirirge süymeydihe would not like to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge süymeybizwe would not like to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge süymeysizyou all would not like to introduce | alasiŋdirirge süymeydilethey would not like to introduce |
| hope to | mensiŋdirirge umutlanamaI hope to introduce | sensiŋdirirge umutlanasayou hope to introduce | olsiŋdirirge umutlanadıhe hopes to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge umutlanabızwe hope to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge umutlanasızyou all hope to introduce | alasiŋdirirge umutlanadılathey hope to introduce |
| hope to | mensiŋdirirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to introduce | sensiŋdirirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to introduce | olsiŋdirirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to introduce | alasiŋdirirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to introduce |
| be about to | mensiŋdirirge deb turamaI am about to introduce | sensiŋdirirge deb turasayou are about to introduce | olsiŋdirirge deb turadıhe is about to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge deb turabızwe are about to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge deb turasızyou all are about to introduce | alasiŋdirirge deb turadılathey are about to introduce |
| be about to | mensiŋdirirge deb turmaymaI am not about to introduce | sensiŋdirirge deb turmaysayou are not about to introduce | olsiŋdirirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to introduce | alasiŋdirirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to introduce |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mensiŋdirirge kerekmeI need to introduce | sensiŋdirirge kerekseyou need to introduce | olsiŋdirirge kerekdihe needs to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge kerekbizwe need to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge kereksizyou all need to introduce | alasiŋdirirge kerekdilethey need to introduce |
| need to | mensiŋdirirge kerek tülmeI do not need to introduce | sensiŋdirirge kerek tülseyou do not need to introduce | olsiŋdirirge kerek tüldühe does not need to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to introduce | alasiŋdirirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to introduce |
| have to | menmenŋe siŋdirirge tüşediI have to introduce | sensenŋe siŋdirirge tüşediyou have to introduce | olaŋa siŋdirirge tüşedihe has to introduce | bizbizge siŋdirirge tüşediwe have to introduce | sizsizge siŋdirirge tüşediyou all have to introduce | alaalağa siŋdirirge tüşedithey have to introduce |
| have to | menmenŋe siŋdirirge tüşmeydiI do not have to introduce | sensenŋe siŋdirirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to introduce | olaŋa siŋdirirge tüşmeydihe does not have to introduce | bizbizge siŋdirirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to introduce | sizsizge siŋdirirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to introduce | alaalağa siŋdirirge tüşmeydithey do not have to introduce |
| be obliged to | mensiŋdirirge borçlumaI am obliged to introduce | sensiŋdirirge borçlusayou are obliged to introduce | olsiŋdirirge borçluduhe is obliged to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to introduce | alasiŋdirirge borçludulathey are obliged to introduce |
| be obliged to | mensiŋdirirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to introduce | sensiŋdirirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to introduce | olsiŋdirirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to introduce | alasiŋdirirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to introduce |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mensiŋdirirge madarım bardıI have a way to introduce | sensiŋdirirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to introduce | olsiŋdirirge madarı bardıhe has a way to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to introduce | alasiŋdirirge madarları bardıthey have a way to introduce |
| have a way to | mensiŋdirirge madarım joqduI have no way to introduce | sensiŋdirirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to introduce | olsiŋdirirge madarı joqduhe has no way to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to introduce | alasiŋdirirge madarları joqduthey have no way to introduce |
| be free to | mensiŋdirirge erkinligim bardıI am free to introduce | sensiŋdirirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to introduce | olsiŋdirirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to introduce | alasiŋdirirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to introduce |
| be free to | mensiŋdirirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to introduce | sensiŋdirirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to introduce | olsiŋdirirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to introduce | alasiŋdirirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to introduce |
| be possible to | menmenŋe siŋdirirge bolluqduit is possible for me to introduce | sensenŋe siŋdirirge bolluqduit is possible for you to introduce | olaŋa siŋdirirge bolluqduit is possible for him to introduce | bizbizge siŋdirirge bolluqduit is possible for us to introduce | sizsizge siŋdirirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to introduce | alaalağa siŋdirirge bolluqduit is possible for them to introduce |
| be possible to | menmenŋe siŋdirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to introduce | sensenŋe siŋdirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to introduce | olaŋa siŋdirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to introduce | bizbizge siŋdirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to introduce | sizsizge siŋdirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to introduce | alaalağa siŋdirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to introduce |
| be ready to | mensiŋdirirge hazırmaI am ready to introduce | sensiŋdirirge hazırsayou are ready to introduce | olsiŋdirirge hazırdıhe is ready to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge hazırbızwe are ready to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge hazırsızyou all are ready to introduce | alasiŋdirirge hazırdılathey are ready to introduce |
| be ready to | mensiŋdirirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to introduce | sensiŋdirirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to introduce | olsiŋdirirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to introduce | alasiŋdirirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to introduce |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mensiŋdirirge küreşemeI am trying to introduce | sensiŋdirirge küreşeseyou are trying to introduce | olsiŋdirirge küreşedihe is trying to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge küreşebizwe are trying to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge küreşesizyou all are trying to introduce | alasiŋdirirge küreşedilethey are trying to introduce |
| try to | mensiŋdirirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to introduce | sensiŋdirirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to introduce | olsiŋdirirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to introduce | alasiŋdirirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to introduce |
| agree to | mensiŋdirirge unaymaI agree to introduce | sensiŋdirirge unaysayou agree to introduce | olsiŋdirirge unaydıhe agrees to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge unaybızwe agree to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge unaysızyou all agree to introduce | alasiŋdirirge unaydılathey agree to introduce |
| agree to | mensiŋdirirge unamaymaI refuse to introduce | sensiŋdirirge unamaysayou refuse to introduce | olsiŋdirirge unamaydıhe refuses to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge unamaybızwe refuse to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge unamaysızyou all refuse to introduce | alasiŋdirirge unamaydılathey refuse to introduce |
| hurry to | mensiŋdirirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to introduce | sensiŋdirirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to introduce | olsiŋdirirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to introduce | alasiŋdirirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to introduce |
| hurry to | mensiŋdirirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to introduce | sensiŋdirirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to introduce | olsiŋdirirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to introduce | alasiŋdirirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to introduce |
| be afraid to | mensiŋdirirge qorqamaI am afraid to introduce | sensiŋdirirge qorqasayou are afraid to introduce | olsiŋdirirge qorqadıhe is afraid to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge qorqabızwe are afraid to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to introduce | alasiŋdirirge qorqadılathey are afraid to introduce |
| be afraid to | mensiŋdirirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to introduce | sensiŋdirirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to introduce | olsiŋdirirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to introduce | bizsiŋdirirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to introduce | sizsiŋdirirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to introduce | alasiŋdirirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to introduce |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mensiŋdire bolmazmaI can't be introducing | sensiŋdire bolmazsayou can't be introducing | olsiŋdire bolmazhe can't be introducing | bizsiŋdire bolmazbızwe can't be introducing | sizsiŋdire bolmazsızyou all can't be introducing | alasiŋdire bolmazlathey can't be introducing |
| Inference, present — double negation | mensiŋdirmey bolmazmaI must be introducing (emphatic) | sensiŋdirmey bolmazsayou must be introducing (emphatic) | olsiŋdirmey bolmazhe must be introducing (emphatic) | bizsiŋdirmey bolmazbızwe must be introducing (emphatic) | sizsiŋdirmey bolmazsızyou all must be introducing (emphatic) | alasiŋdirmey bolmazlathey must be introducing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mensiŋdire turmasamif I don't keep introducing | sensiŋdire turmasaŋif you don't keep introducing | olsiŋdire turmasaif he doesn't keep introducing | bizsiŋdire turmasaqif we don't keep introducing | sizsiŋdire turmasağızif you all don't keep introducing | alasiŋdire turmasalaif they don't keep introducing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mensiŋdire tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of introducing | sensiŋdire tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of introducing | olsiŋdire tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of introducing | bizsiŋdire tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of introducing | sizsiŋdire tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of introducing | alasiŋdire tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of introducing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mensiŋdirmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not introducing (emphatic) | sensiŋdirmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not introducing (emphatic) | olsiŋdirmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not introducing (emphatic) | bizsiŋdirmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not introducing (emphatic) | sizsiŋdirmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not introducing (emphatic) | alasiŋdirmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not introducing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mensiŋdirmey turamaI keep on not introducing | sensiŋdirmey turasayou keep on not introducing | olsiŋdirmey turadıhe keeps on not introducing | bizsiŋdirmey turabızwe keep on not introducing | sizsiŋdirmey turasızyou all keep on not introducing | alasiŋdirmey turadılathey keep on not introducing |
| Progressive — double negation | mensiŋdirmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not introducing | sensiŋdirmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not introducing | olsiŋdirmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not introducing | bizsiŋdirmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not introducing | sizsiŋdirmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not introducing | alasiŋdirmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not introducing |
| Progressive — double negation | mensiŋdirmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not introducing? | sensiŋdirmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not introducing? | olsiŋdirmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not introducing? | bizsiŋdirmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not introducing? | sizsiŋdirmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not introducing? | alasiŋdirmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not introducing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mensiŋdirgen bolmazmaI can't have introduced | sensiŋdirgen bolmazsayou can't have introduced | olsiŋdirgen bolmazhe can't have introduced | bizsiŋdirgen bolmazbızwe can't have introduced | sizsiŋdirgen bolmazsızyou all can't have introduced | alasiŋdirgen bolmazlathey can't have introduced |
| Inference — double negation | mensiŋdirmegen bolmazmaI must have introduced (emphatic) | sensiŋdirmegen bolmazsayou must have introduced (emphatic) | olsiŋdirmegen bolmazhe must have introduced (emphatic) | bizsiŋdirmegen bolmazbızwe must have introduced (emphatic) | sizsiŋdirmegen bolmazsızyou all must have introduced (emphatic) | alasiŋdirmegen bolmazlathey must have introduced (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mensiŋdirgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had introduced | sensiŋdirgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had introduced | olsiŋdirgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had introduced | bizsiŋdirgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had introduced | sizsiŋdirgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had introduced | alasiŋdirgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had introduced |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mensiŋdirmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't introduced | sensiŋdirmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't introduced | olsiŋdirmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't introduced | bizsiŋdirmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't introduced | sizsiŋdirmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't introduced | alasiŋdirmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't introduced |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mensiŋdirlik bolmazmaI can't be going to introduce | sensiŋdirlik bolmazsayou can't be going to introduce | olsiŋdirlik bolmazhe can't be going to introduce | bizsiŋdirlik bolmazbızwe can't be going to introduce | sizsiŋdirlik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to introduce | alasiŋdirlik bolmazlathey can't be going to introduce |
| Inference, future — double negation | mensiŋdirmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to introduce (emphatic) | sensiŋdirmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to introduce (emphatic) | olsiŋdirmezlik bolmazhe must be going to introduce (emphatic) | bizsiŋdirmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to introduce (emphatic) | sizsiŋdirmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to introduce (emphatic) | alasiŋdirmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to introduce (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mensiŋdirlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to introduce | sensiŋdirlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to introduce | olsiŋdirlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to introduce | bizsiŋdirlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to introduce | sizsiŋdirlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to introduce | alasiŋdirlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to introduce |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mensiŋdirmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to introduce | sensiŋdirmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to introduce | olsiŋdirmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to introduce | bizsiŋdirmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to introduce | sizsiŋdirmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to introduce | alasiŋdirmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to introduce |