sawulurğa
/sawulurʁa/
1. be milked
- iynek sawuladı — the cow is milked
- qoyla sawulğandıla — the sheep have been milked
- iynekle sawulğanmıdıla? — have the cows been milked?
- iynekle sawuldulamı? — were the cows milked?
- har künde köb süt sawuladı — a lot of milk is milked every day
2. let oneself be fleeced, be milked dry; spend money in vain hoping for a good outcome one source
- biz boşuna sawulduq — we let ourselves be fleeced for nothing
- jarlı adam sawulub qaldı — the poor man was milked dry
- sawulub qalırğa — to end up fleeced
Conjugation
Common forms
- sawuladıhe is being milked
- sawulduhe was milked
- sawulğandıhe has been milked
- sawulurhe will be milked
- sawulluqduhe is going to be milked
- sawula edihe was being milked
- sawulsaif he is milked
- sawul!be milked!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensawulamaI am being milked | sensawulasayou are being milked | olsawuladıhe is being milked | bizsawulabızwe are being milked | sizsawulasızyou all are being milked | alasawuladılathey are being milked |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensawulmaymaI am not being milked | sensawulmaysayou are not being milked | olsawulmaydıhe is not being milked | bizsawulmaybızwe are not being milked | sizsawulmaysızyou all are not being milked | alasawulmaydılathey are not being milked |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensawulamamı? sawulamıma?am I being milked? | sensawulamısa?are you being milked? | olsawulamıdı?is he being milked? | bizsawulabızmı? sawulamıbız?are we being milked? | sizsawulamısız?are you all being milked? | alasawulamıdıla?are they being milked? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensawulmaymamı? sawulmaymıma?aren't I being milked? | sensawulmaymısa?aren't you being milked? | olsawulmaymıdı?isn't he being milked? | bizsawulmaybızmı? sawulmaymıbız?aren't we being milked? | sizsawulmaymısız?aren't you all being milked? | alasawulmaymıdıla?aren't they being milked? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensawuluwçanmaI am usually milked | sensawuluwçansayou are usually milked | olsawuluwçandıhe is usually milked | bizsawuluwçanbızwe are usually milked | sizsawuluwçansızyou all are usually milked | alasawuluwçandılathey are usually milked |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensawulmawçanmaI am usually not milked | sensawulmawçansayou are usually not milked | olsawulmawçandıhe is usually not milked | bizsawulmawçanbızwe are usually not milked | sizsawulmawçansızyou all are usually not milked | alasawulmawçandılathey are usually not milked |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensawuluwçanmamı? sawuluwçanmıma?am I usually milked? | sensawuluwçanmısa?are you usually milked? | olsawuluwçanmıdı?is he usually milked? | bizsawuluwçanbızmı? sawuluwçanmıbız?are we usually milked? | sizsawuluwçanmısız?are you all usually milked? | alasawuluwçanmıdıla?are they usually milked? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensawulmawçanmamı? sawulmawçanmıma?am I usually not milked? | sensawulmawçanmısa?are you usually not milked? | olsawulmawçanmıdı?is he usually not milked? | bizsawulmawçanbızmı? sawulmawçanmıbız?are we usually not milked? | sizsawulmawçanmısız?are you all usually not milked? | alasawulmawçanmıdıla?are they usually not milked? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsawulubduhe has been milked and remains so | alasawulubdulathey have been milked and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsawulubmudu?has he been milked? | alasawulubmudula?have they been milked? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensawulub turamaI remain milked | sensawulub turasayou remain milked | olsawulub turadıhe remains milked | bizsawulub turabızwe remain milked | sizsawulub turasızyou all remain milked | alasawulub turadılathey remain milked |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensawulub turmaymaI don't remain milked | sensawulub turmaysayou don't remain milked | olsawulub turmaydıhe doesn't remain milked | bizsawulub turmaybızwe don't remain milked | sizsawulub turmaysızyou all don't remain milked | alasawulub turmaydılathey don't remain milked |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensawulub turamamı? sawulub turamıma?do I remain milked? | sensawulub turamısa?do you remain milked? | olsawulub turamıdı?does he remain milked? | bizsawulub turabızmı? sawulub turamıbız?do we remain milked? | sizsawulub turamısız?do you all remain milked? | alasawulub turamıdıla?do they remain milked? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensawulub turmaymamı? sawulub turmaymıma?don't I remain milked? | sensawulub turmaymısa?don't you remain milked? | olsawulub turmaymıdı?doesn't he remain milked? | bizsawulub turmaybızmı? sawulub turmaymıbız?don't we remain milked? | sizsawulub turmaymısız?don't you all remain milked? | alasawulub turmaymıdıla?don't they remain milked? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensawula turamaI am in the middle of being milked | sensawula turasayou are in the middle of being milked | olsawula turadıhe is in the middle of being milked | bizsawula turabızwe are in the middle of being milked | sizsawula turasızyou all are in the middle of being milked | alasawula turadılathey are in the middle of being milked |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensawula turmaymaI am not in the middle of being milked | sensawula turmaysayou are not in the middle of being milked | olsawula turmaydıhe is not in the middle of being milked | bizsawula turmaybızwe are not in the middle of being milked | sizsawula turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of being milked | alasawula turmaydılathey are not in the middle of being milked |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensawula turamamı? sawula turamıma?am I in the middle of being milked? | sensawula turamısa?are you in the middle of being milked? | olsawula turamıdı?is he in the middle of being milked? | bizsawula turabızmı? sawula turamıbız?are we in the middle of being milked? | sizsawula turamısız?are you all in the middle of being milked? | alasawula turamıdıla?are they in the middle of being milked? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensawula turmaymamı? sawula turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of being milked? | sensawula turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of being milked? | olsawula turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of being milked? | bizsawula turmaybızmı? sawula turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of being milked? | sizsawula turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of being milked? | alasawula turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of being milked? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensawuldumI was milked | sensawulduŋyou were milked | olsawulduhe was milked | bizsawulduqwe were milked | sizsawulduğuzyou all were milked | alasawuldulathey were milked |
| Simple past (definite) | mensawulmadımI wasn't milked | sensawulmadıŋyou weren't milked | olsawulmadıhe wasn't milked | bizsawulmadıqwe weren't milked | sizsawulmadığızyou all weren't milked | alasawulmadılathey weren't milked |
| Simple past (definite) | mensawuldummu?was I milked? | sensawulduŋmu?were you milked? | olsawuldumu?was he milked? | bizsawulduqmu?were we milked? | sizsawulduğuzmu?were you all milked? | alasawuldulamı?were they milked? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensawulmadımmı?wasn't I milked? | sensawulmadıŋmı?weren't you milked? | olsawulmadımı?wasn't he milked? | bizsawulmadıqmı?weren't we milked? | sizsawulmadığızmı?weren't you all milked? | alasawulmadılamı?weren't they milked? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensawulğanmaI have been milked | sensawulğansayou have been milked | olsawulğandıhe has been milked | bizsawulğanbızwe have been milked | sizsawulğansızyou all have been milked | alasawulğandılathey have been milked |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensawulmağanmaI haven't been milked | sensawulmağansayou haven't been milked | olsawulmağandıhe hasn't been milked | bizsawulmağanbızwe haven't been milked | sizsawulmağansızyou all haven't been milked | alasawulmağandılathey haven't been milked |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensawulğanmamı? sawulğanmıma?have I been milked? | sensawulğanmısa?have you been milked? | olsawulğanmıdı?has he been milked? | bizsawulğanbızmı? sawulğanmıbız?have we been milked? | sizsawulğanmısız?have you all been milked? | alasawulğanmıdıla?have they been milked? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensawulmağanmamı? sawulmağanmıma?haven't I been milked? | sensawulmağanmısa?haven't you been milked? | olsawulmağanmıdı?hasn't he been milked? | bizsawulmağanbızmı? sawulmağanmıbız?haven't we been milked? | sizsawulmağanmısız?haven't you all been milked? | alasawulmağanmıdıla?haven't they been milked? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensawulub turdumI remained milked | sensawulub turduŋyou remained milked | olsawulub turduhe remained milked | bizsawulub turduqwe remained milked | sizsawulub turduğuzyou all remained milked | alasawulub turdulathey remained milked |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensawulub turmadımI didn't remain milked | sensawulub turmadıŋyou didn't remain milked | olsawulub turmadıhe didn't remain milked | bizsawulub turmadıqwe didn't remain milked | sizsawulub turmadığızyou all didn't remain milked | alasawulub turmadılathey didn't remain milked |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensawulurmaI will be milked | sensawulursayou will be milked | olsawulurhe will be milked | bizsawulurbuzwe will be milked | sizsawulursuzyou all will be milked | alasawulurlathey will be milked |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensawulmazmaI won't be milked | sensawulmazsayou won't be milked | olsawulmazhe won't be milked | bizsawulmazbızwe won't be milked | sizsawulmazsızyou all won't be milked | alasawulmazlathey won't be milked |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensawulurmamı? sawulurmuma?will I be milked? | sensawulurmusa?will you be milked? | olsawulurmu?will he be milked? | bizsawulurbuzmu? sawulurmubuz?will we be milked? | sizsawulurmusuz?will you all be milked? | alasawulurlamı? sawulurmula?will they be milked? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensawulmazmamı? sawulmazmıma?won't I be milked? | sensawulmazmısa?won't you be milked? | olsawulmazmı?won't he be milked? | bizsawulmazbızmı? sawulmazmıbız?won't we be milked? | sizsawulmazmısız?won't you all be milked? | alasawulmazlamı? sawulmazmıla?won't they be milked? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensawulluqmaI am going to be milked | sensawulluqsayou are going to be milked | olsawulluqduhe is going to be milked | bizsawulluqbuzwe are going to be milked | sizsawulluqsuzyou all are going to be milked | alasawulluqdulathey are going to be milked |
| Definite future (future II) | mensawulluq tülmeI am not going to be milked | sensawulluq tülseyou are not going to be milked | olsawulluq tüldühe is not going to be milked | bizsawulluq tülbüzwe are not going to be milked | sizsawulluq tülsüzyou all are not going to be milked | alasawulluq tüldülethey are not going to be milked |
| Definite future (future II) | mensawulluqmamı? sawulluqmuma?am I going to be milked? | sensawulluqmusa?are you going to be milked? | olsawulluqmudu?is he going to be milked? | bizsawulluqbuzmu? sawulluqmubuz?are we going to be milked? | sizsawulluqmusuz?are you all going to be milked? | alasawulluqmudula?are they going to be milked? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensawulluq tülmüme?aren't I going to be milked? | sensawulluq tülmüse?aren't you going to be milked? | olsawulluq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be milked? | bizsawulluq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be milked? | sizsawulluq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be milked? | alasawulluq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be milked? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensawulğan edimsawulğanemI had been milked | sensawulğan ediŋsawulğaneŋyou had been milked | olsawulğan edisawulğanedhe had been milked | bizsawulğan ediksawulğanekwe had been milked | sizsawulğan edigizsawulğanegizyou all had been milked | alasawulğan edilesawulğanellethey had been milked |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensawulmağan edimsawulmağanemI hadn't been milked | sensawulmağan ediŋsawulmağaneŋyou hadn't been milked | olsawulmağan edisawulmağanedhe hadn't been milked | bizsawulmağan ediksawulmağanekwe hadn't been milked | sizsawulmağan edigizsawulmağanegizyou all hadn't been milked | alasawulmağan edilesawulmağanellethey hadn't been milked |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensawula edimsawulaemI was being milked | sensawula ediŋsawulaeŋyou were being milked | olsawula edisawulaedhe was being milked | bizsawula ediksawulaekwe were being milked | sizsawula edigizsawulaegizyou all were being milked | alasawula edilesawulaellethey were being milked |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensawulmay edimsawulmayemI wasn't being milked | sensawulmay ediŋsawulmayeŋyou weren't being milked | olsawulmay edisawulmayedhe wasn't being milked | bizsawulmay ediksawulmayekwe weren't being milked | sizsawulmay edigizsawulmayegizyou all weren't being milked | alasawulmay edilesawulmayellethey weren't being milked |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mensawuluwçan edimsawuluwçanemI used to be milked | sensawuluwçan ediŋsawuluwçaneŋyou used to be milked | olsawuluwçan edisawuluwçanedhe used to be milked | bizsawuluwçan ediksawuluwçanekwe used to be milked | sizsawuluwçan edigizsawuluwçanegizyou all used to be milked | alasawuluwçan edilesawuluwçanellethey used to be milked |
| Habitual past (used to) | mensawulmawçan edimsawulmawçanemI didn't use to be milked | sensawulmawçan ediŋsawulmawçaneŋyou didn't use to be milked | olsawulmawçan edisawulmawçanedhe didn't use to be milked | bizsawulmawçan ediksawulmawçanekwe didn't use to be milked | sizsawulmawçan edigizsawulmawçanegizyou all didn't use to be milked | alasawulmawçan edilesawulmawçanellethey didn't use to be milked |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsawulub edihe had been milked and remained so | alasawulub edilethey had been milked and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsawulub tül edihe hadn't been milked | alasawulub tül edilethey hadn't been milked | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensawulub tura edimsawulub turaemI had remained milked | sensawulub tura ediŋsawulub turaeŋyou had remained milked | olsawulub tura edisawulub turaedhe had remained milked | bizsawulub tura ediksawulub turaekwe had remained milked | sizsawulub tura edigizsawulub turaegizyou all had remained milked | alasawulub tura edilesawulub turaellethey had remained milked |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensawulub turmay edimsawulub turmayemI hadn't remained milked | sensawulub turmay ediŋsawulub turmayeŋyou hadn't remained milked | olsawulub turmay edisawulub turmayedhe hadn't remained milked | bizsawulub turmay ediksawulub turmayekwe hadn't remained milked | sizsawulub turmay edigizsawulub turmayegizyou all hadn't remained milked | alasawulub turmay edilesawulub turmayellethey hadn't remained milked |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensawula tura edimsawula turaemI was in the middle of being milked | sensawula tura ediŋsawula turaeŋyou were in the middle of being milked | olsawula tura edisawula turaedhe was in the middle of being milked | bizsawula tura ediksawula turaekwe were in the middle of being milked | sizsawula tura edigizsawula turaegizyou all were in the middle of being milked | alasawula tura edilesawula turaellethey were in the middle of being milked |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensawula turmay edimsawula turmayemI wasn't in the middle of being milked | sensawula turmay ediŋsawula turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of being milked | olsawula turmay edisawula turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of being milked | bizsawula turmay ediksawula turmayekwe weren't in the middle of being milked | sizsawula turmay edigizsawula turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of being milked | alasawula turmay edilesawula turmayellethey weren't in the middle of being milked |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mensawulur edimsawulur emI would be milked | sensawulur ediŋsawulur eŋyou would be milked | olsawulur edisawulur edhe would be milked | bizsawulur ediksawulur ekwe would be milked | sizsawulur edigizsawulur egizyou all would be milked | alasawulur edilesawulur ellethey would be milked |
| Conditional result (would) | mensawulmaz edimsawulmaz emI wouldn't be milked | sensawulmaz ediŋsawulmaz eŋyou wouldn't be milked | olsawulmaz edisawulmaz edhe wouldn't be milked | bizsawulmaz ediksawulmaz ekwe wouldn't be milked | sizsawulmaz edigizsawulmaz egizyou all wouldn't be milked | alasawulmaz edilesawulmaz ellethey wouldn't be milked |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensawulluq edimsawulluq emI would have been milked | sensawulluq ediŋsawulluq eŋyou would have been milked | olsawulluq edisawulluq edhe would have been milked | bizsawulluq ediksawulluq ekwe would have been milked | sizsawulluq edigizsawulluq egizyou all would have been milked | alasawulluq edilesawulluq ellethey would have been milked |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensawulluq tül edimsawulluq tül emI wouldn't have been milked | sensawulluq tül ediŋsawulluq tül eŋyou wouldn't have been milked | olsawulluq tül edisawulluq tül edhe wouldn't have been milked | bizsawulluq tül ediksawulluq tül ekwe wouldn't have been milked | sizsawulluq tül edigizsawulluq tül egizyou all wouldn't have been milked | alasawulluq tül edilesawulluq tül ellethey wouldn't have been milked |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mensawulsamif I am milked | sensawulsaŋif you are milked | olsawulsaif he is milked | bizsawulsaqif we are milked | sizsawulsağızif you all are milked | alasawulsalaif they are milked |
| Conditional | mensawulmasamif I am not milked | sensawulmasaŋif you are not milked | olsawulmasaif he is not milked | bizsawulmasaqif we are not milked | sizsawulmasağızif you all are not milked | alasawulmasalaif they are not milked |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mensawula esemif I am being milked | sensawula eseŋif you are being milked | olsawula eseif he is being milked | bizsawula esekif we are being milked | sizsawula esegizif you all are being milked | alasawula eseleif they are being milked |
| Conditional, present real | mensawulmay esemif I am not being milked | sensawulmay eseŋif you are not being milked | olsawulmay eseif he is not being milked | bizsawulmay esekif we are not being milked | sizsawulmay esegizif you all are not being milked | alasawulmay eseleif they are not being milked |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensawulsam edisawulsam edif only I was milked | sensawulsaŋ edisawulsaŋ edif only you was milked | olsawulsa edisawulsaedif only he was milked | bizsawulsaq edisawulsaq edif only we was milked | sizsawulsağız edisawulsağız edif only you all was milked | alasawulsala edisawulsalaedif only they was milked |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensawulmasam edisawulmasam edif only I didn't be milked | sensawulmasaŋ edisawulmasaŋ edif only you didn't be milked | olsawulmasa edisawulmasaedif only he didn't be milked | bizsawulmasaq edisawulmasaq edif only we didn't be milked | sizsawulmasağız edisawulmasağız edif only you all didn't be milked | alasawulmasala edisawulmasalaedif only they didn't be milked |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mensawulub tursamif I remain milked | sensawulub tursaŋif you remain milked | olsawulub tursaif he remains milked | bizsawulub tursaqif we remain milked | sizsawulub tursağızif you all remain milked | alasawulub tursalaif they remain milked |
| Durative conditional | mensawulub turmasamif I don't remain milked | sensawulub turmasaŋif you don't remain milked | olsawulub turmasaif he doesn't remain milked | bizsawulub turmasaqif we don't remain milked | sizsawulub turmasağızif you all don't remain milked | alasawulub turmasalaif they don't remain milked |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mensawulub tura esemif I have remained milked | sensawulub tura eseŋif you have remained milked | olsawulub tura eseif he has remained milked | bizsawulub tura esekif we have remained milked | sizsawulub tura esegizif you all have remained milked | alasawulub tura eseleif they have remained milked |
| Durative conditional, present real | mensawulub turmay esemif I haven't remained milked | sensawulub turmay eseŋif you haven't remained milked | olsawulub turmay eseif he hasn't remained milked | bizsawulub turmay esekif we haven't remained milked | sizsawulub turmay esegizif you all haven't remained milked | alasawulub turmay eseleif they haven't remained milked |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mensawula tursamif I keep being milked | sensawula tursaŋif you keep being milked | olsawula tursaif he keeps being milked | bizsawula tursaqif we keep being milked | sizsawula tursağızif you all keep being milked | alasawula tursalaif they keep being milked |
| Progressive conditional | mensawulmay tursamif I keep on not being milked | sensawulmay tursaŋif you keep on not being milked | olsawulmay tursaif he keeps on not being milked | bizsawulmay tursaqif we keep on not being milked | sizsawulmay tursağızif you all keep on not being milked | alasawulmay tursalaif they keep on not being milked |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensawula tura esemif I am in the middle of being milked | sensawula tura eseŋif you are in the middle of being milked | olsawula tura eseif he is in the middle of being milked | bizsawula tura esekif we are in the middle of being milked | sizsawula tura esegizif you all are in the middle of being milked | alasawula tura eseleif they are in the middle of being milked |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensawulmay tura esemif I keep on not being milked | sensawulmay tura eseŋif you keep on not being milked | olsawulmay tura eseif he keeps on not being milked | bizsawulmay tura esekif we keep on not being milked | sizsawulmay tura esegizif you all keep on not being milked | alasawulmay tura eseleif they keep on not being milked |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensawuldum esemif I was milked | sensawulduŋ eseŋif you were milked | olsawuldu eseif he was milked | bizsawulduq esekif we were milked | sizsawulduğuz esegizif you all were milked | alasawuldula eseleif they were milked |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensawulmadım esemif I wasn't milked | sensawulmadıŋ eseŋif you weren't milked | olsawulmadı eseif he wasn't milked | bizsawulmadıq esekif we weren't milked | sizsawulmadığız esegizif you all weren't milked | alasawulmadıla eseleif they weren't milked |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mensawulğan esemif I was milked (indeed) | sensawulğan eseŋif you were milked (indeed) | olsawulğan eseif he was milked (indeed) | bizsawulğan esekif we were milked (indeed) | sizsawulğan esegizif you all were milked (indeed) | alasawulğan eseleif they were milked (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mensawulmağan esemif I wasn't milked (indeed) | sensawulmağan eseŋif you weren't milked (indeed) | olsawulmağan eseif he wasn't milked (indeed) | bizsawulmağan esekif we weren't milked (indeed) | sizsawulmağan esegizif you all weren't milked (indeed) | alasawulmağan eseleif they weren't milked (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensawulğan bolsamif I had been milked | sensawulğan bolsaŋif you had been milked | olsawulğan bolsaif he had been milked | bizsawulğan bolsaqif we had been milked | sizsawulğan bolsağızif you all had been milked | alasawulğan bolsalaif they had been milked |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensawulmağan bolsamif I hadn't been milked | sensawulmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't been milked | olsawulmağan bolsaif he hadn't been milked | bizsawulmağan bolsaqif we hadn't been milked | sizsawulmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't been milked | alasawulmağan bolsalaif they hadn't been milked |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensawulğan bolsam edisawulğan bolsam edif only I had been milked | sensawulğan bolsaŋ edisawulğan bolsaŋ edif only you had been milked | olsawulğan bolsa edisawulğan bolsaedif only he had been milked | bizsawulğan bolsaq edisawulğan bolsaq edif only we had been milked | sizsawulğan bolsağız edisawulğan bolsağız edif only you all had been milked | alasawulğan bolsala edisawulğan bolsalaedif only they had been milked |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensawulmağan bolsam edisawulmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't been milked | sensawulmağan bolsaŋ edisawulmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't been milked | olsawulmağan bolsa edisawulmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't been milked | bizsawulmağan bolsaq edisawulmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't been milked | sizsawulmağan bolsağız edisawulmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't been milked | alasawulmağan bolsala edisawulmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't been milked |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mensawulur esemif I will be milked | sensawulur eseŋif you will be milked | olsawulur eseif he will be milked | bizsawulur esekif we will be milked | sizsawulur esegizif you all will be milked | alasawulur eseleif they will be milked |
| Conditional, aorist | mensawulmaz esemif I won't be milked | sensawulmaz eseŋif you won't be milked | olsawulmaz eseif he won't be milked | bizsawulmaz esekif we won't be milked | sizsawulmaz esegizif you all won't be milked | alasawulmaz eseleif they won't be milked |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mensawulluq esemif I am going to be milked | sensawulluq eseŋif you are going to be milked | olsawulluq eseif he is going to be milked | bizsawulluq esekif we are going to be milked | sizsawulluq esegizif you all are going to be milked | alasawulluq eseleif they are going to be milked |
| Conditional, future | mensawulluq tül esemif I am not going to be milked | sensawulluq tül eseŋif you are not going to be milked | olsawulluq tül eseif he is not going to be milked | bizsawulluq tül esekif we are not going to be milked | sizsawulluq tül esegizif you all are not going to be milked | alasawulluq tül eseleif they are not going to be milked |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensawulluq bolsamif I were going to be milked | sensawulluq bolsaŋif you were going to be milked | olsawulluq bolsaif he were going to be milked | bizsawulluq bolsaqif we were going to be milked | sizsawulluq bolsağızif you all were going to be milked | alasawulluq bolsalaif they were going to be milked |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensawulmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to be milked | sensawulmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to be milked | olsawulmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to be milked | bizsawulmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to be milked | sizsawulmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to be milked | alasawulmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to be milked |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso sawulduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensawula bolurmaI must be being milked | sensawula bolursayou must be being milked | olsawula bolurhe must be being milked | bizsawula bolurbuzwe must be being milked | sizsawula bolursuzyou all must be being milked | alasawula bolurlathey must be being milked |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensawulmay bolurmaI must not be being milked | sensawulmay bolursayou must not be being milked | olsawulmay bolurhe must not be being milked | bizsawulmay bolurbuzwe must not be being milked | sizsawulmay bolursuzyou all must not be being milked | alasawulmay bolurlathey must not be being milked |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensawula tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of being milked | sensawula tura bolursayou must be in the middle of being milked | olsawula tura bolurhe must be in the middle of being milked | bizsawula tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of being milked | sizsawula tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of being milked | alasawula tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of being milked |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensawulmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not being milked | sensawulmay tura bolursayou must keep on not being milked | olsawulmay tura bolurhe must keep on not being milked | bizsawulmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not being milked | sizsawulmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not being milked | alasawulmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not being milked |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mensawulğan bolurmaI must have been milked | sensawulğan bolursayou must have been milked | olsawulğan bolurhe must have been milked | bizsawulğan bolurbuzwe must have been milked | sizsawulğan bolursuzyou all must have been milked | alasawulğan bolurlathey must have been milked |
| Inference (must have) | mensawulmağan bolurmaI must not have been milked | sensawulmağan bolursayou must not have been milked | olsawulmağan bolurhe must not have been milked | bizsawulmağan bolurbuzwe must not have been milked | sizsawulmağan bolursuzyou all must not have been milked | alasawulmağan bolurlathey must not have been milked |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensawulluq bolurmaI must be going to be milked | sensawulluq bolursayou must be going to be milked | olsawulluq bolurhe must be going to be milked | bizsawulluq bolurbuzwe must be going to be milked | sizsawulluq bolursuzyou all must be going to be milked | alasawulluq bolurlathey must be going to be milked |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensawulmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to be milked | sensawulmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to be milked | olsawulmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to be milked | bizsawulmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to be milked | sizsawulmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to be milked | alasawulmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to be milked |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mensawulayımlet me be milked | sensawul!be milked! | olsawulsunlet him be milked | bizsawulayıqlet's be milked | sizsawuluğuz!be milked, you all! | alasawulsunlalet them be milked |
| Commands & suggestions | mensawulmayımlet me not be milked | sensawulma!don't be milked! | olsawulmasınlet him not be milked | bizsawulmayıqlet's not be milked | sizsawulmağız!don't be milked, you all! | alasawulmasınlalet them not be milked |
| Commands & suggestions | mensawulayımmı?shall I be milked? | olsawulsunmu?should he be milked? | bizsawulayıqmı?shall we be milked? | alasawulsunlamı?should they be milked? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mensawulmayımmı?shall I not be milked? | olsawulmasınmı?should he not be milked? | bizsawulmayıqmı?shall we not be milked? | alasawulmasınlamı?should they not be milked? | ||
| Requests | sensawulçu2sawulçunplease be milked | olsawulsunçudo let him be milked | sizsawulçuğuzplease be milked (plural/polite) | alasawulsunlaçıdo let them be milked | ||
| Requests | sensawulmaçı2sawulmaçınplease don't be milked | olsawulmasınçıdo let him not be milked | sizsawulmaçığızplease don't be milked (plural/polite) | alasawulmasınlaçıdo let them not be milked | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensawulğunsawulğumay you be milked | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensawulmağınsawulmağımay you not be milked | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensawulğay edim sawulğa edimwould that I were milked | sensawulğay ediŋ sawulğa ediŋwould that you were milked | olsawulğay edi sawulğa ediwould that he were milked | bizsawulğay edik sawulğa edikwould that we were milked | sizsawulğay edigiz sawulğa edigizwould that you all were milked | alasawulğay edile sawulğa edilewould that they were milked |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensawulmağay edim sawulmağa edimwould that I were not milked | sensawulmağay ediŋ sawulmağa ediŋwould that you were not milked | olsawulmağay edi sawulmağa ediwould that he were not milked | bizsawulmağay edik sawulmağa edikwould that we were not milked | sizsawulmağay edigiz sawulmağa edigizwould that you all were not milked | alasawulmağay edile sawulmağa edilewould that they were not milked |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensawulmağa qoyayımsawulma qoyayımlet me allow someone to be milked | sensawulmağa qoy!sawulma qoy!let someone be milked! | olsawulmağa qoysunsawulma qoysunlet him allow someone to be milked | bizsawulmağa qoyayıqsawulma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to be milked | sizsawulmağa qoyuğuz!sawulma qoyuğuz!let someone be milked, you all! | alasawulmağa qoysunlasawulma qoysunlalet them allow someone to be milked |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensawulmağa qoymayımsawulma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to be milked | sensawulmağa qoyma!sawulma qoyma!don't let someone be milked! | olsawulmağa qoymasınsawulma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to be milked | bizsawulmağa qoymayıqsawulma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to be milked | sizsawulmağa qoymağız!sawulma qoymağız!don't let someone be milked, you all! | alasawulmağa qoymasınlasawulma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to be milked |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensawulmağa qoyayımmı?sawulma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to be milked? | olsawulmağa qoysunmu?sawulma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to be milked? | bizsawulmağa qoyayıqmı?sawulma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to be milked? | alasawulmağa qoysunlamı?sawulma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to be milked? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensawulmağa qoymayımmı?sawulma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to be milked? | olsawulmağa qoymasınmı?sawulma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to be milked? | bizsawulmağa qoymayıqmı?sawulma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to be milked? | alasawulmağa qoymasınlamı?sawulma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to be milked? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mensawulmağa qoyamasawulma qoyamaI allow someone to be milked | sensawulmağa qoyasasawulma qoyasayou allow someone to be milked | olsawulmağa qoyadısawulma qoyadıhe allows someone to be milked | bizsawulmağa qoyabızsawulma qoyabızwe allow someone to be milked | sizsawulmağa qoyasızsawulma qoyasızyou all allow someone to be milked | alasawulmağa qoyadılasawulma qoyadılathey allow someone to be milked |
| Let someone… (present) | mensawulmağa qoymaymasawulma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to be milked | sensawulmağa qoymaysasawulma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to be milked | olsawulmağa qoymaydısawulma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to be milked | bizsawulmağa qoymaybızsawulma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to be milked | sizsawulmağa qoymaysızsawulma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to be milked | alasawulmağa qoymaydılasawulma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to be milked |
| Let someone… (present) | mensawulmağa qoyamamı?sawulma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to be milked? | sensawulmağa qoyamısa?sawulma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to be milked? | olsawulmağa qoyamıdı?sawulma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to be milked? | bizsawulmağa qoyabızmı?sawulma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to be milked? | sizsawulmağa qoyamısız?sawulma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to be milked? | alasawulmağa qoyamıdıla?sawulma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to be milked? |
| Let someone… (present) | mensawulmağa qoymaymamı?sawulma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to be milked? | sensawulmağa qoymaymısa?sawulma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to be milked? | olsawulmağa qoymaymıdı?sawulma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to be milked? | bizsawulmağa qoymaybızmı?sawulma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to be milked? | sizsawulmağa qoymaymısız?sawulma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to be milked? | alasawulmağa qoymaymıdıla?sawulma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to be milked? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensawulmağa qoydumsawulma qoydumI allowed someone to be milked | sensawulmağa qoyduŋsawulma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to be milked | olsawulmağa qoydusawulma qoyduhe allowed someone to be milked | bizsawulmağa qoyduqsawulma qoyduqwe allowed someone to be milked | sizsawulmağa qoyduğuzsawulma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to be milked | alasawulmağa qoydulasawulma qoydulathey allowed someone to be milked |
| Let someone… (past) | mensawulmağa qoymadımsawulma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to be milked | sensawulmağa qoymadıŋsawulma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to be milked | olsawulmağa qoymadısawulma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to be milked | bizsawulmağa qoymadıqsawulma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to be milked | sizsawulmağa qoymadığızsawulma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to be milked | alasawulmağa qoymadılasawulma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to be milked |
| Let someone… (past) | mensawulmağa qoydummu?sawulma qoydummu?did I allow someone to be milked? | sensawulmağa qoyduŋmu?sawulma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to be milked? | olsawulmağa qoydumu?sawulma qoydumu?did he allow someone to be milked? | bizsawulmağa qoyduqmu?sawulma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to be milked? | sizsawulmağa qoyduğuzmu?sawulma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to be milked? | alasawulmağa qoydulamı?sawulma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to be milked? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensawulmağa qoymadımmı?sawulma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to be milked? | sensawulmağa qoymadıŋmı?sawulma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to be milked? | olsawulmağa qoymadımı?sawulma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to be milked? | bizsawulmağa qoymadıqmı?sawulma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to be milked? | sizsawulmağa qoymadığızmı?sawulma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to be milked? | alasawulmağa qoymadılamı?sawulma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to be milked? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
sawulalırğa be able to be milked · sawulalmazğa be unable to be milked
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mensawulalamaI can be milked | sensawulalasayou can be milked | olsawulaladıhe can be milked | bizsawulalabızwe can be milked | sizsawulalasızyou all can be milked | alasawulaladılathey can be milked |
| Ability — present | mensawulalmaymaI can't be milked | sensawulalmaysayou can't be milked | olsawulalmaydıhe can't be milked | bizsawulalmaybızwe can't be milked | sizsawulalmaysızyou all can't be milked | alasawulalmaydılathey can't be milked |
| Ability — present | mensawulalamamı? sawulalamıma?can I be milked? | sensawulalamısa?can you be milked? | olsawulalamıdı?can he be milked? | bizsawulalabızmı? sawulalamıbız?can we be milked? | sizsawulalamısız?can you all be milked? | alasawulalamıdıla?can they be milked? |
| Ability — present | mensawulalmaymamı? sawulalmaymıma?can't I be milked? | sensawulalmaymısa?can't you be milked? | olsawulalmaymıdı?can't he be milked? | bizsawulalmaybızmı? sawulalmaymıbız?can't we be milked? | sizsawulalmaymısız?can't you all be milked? | alasawulalmaymıdıla?can't they be milked? |
| Ability — if I can… | mensawulalsamif I can be milked | sensawulalsaŋif you can be milked | olsawulalsaif he can be milked | bizsawulalsaqif we can be milked | sizsawulalsağızif you all can be milked | alasawulalsalaif they can be milked |
| Ability — if I can… | mensawulalmasamif I can't be milked | sensawulalmasaŋif you can't be milked | olsawulalmasaif he can't be milked | bizsawulalmasaqif we can't be milked | sizsawulalmasağızif you all can't be milked | alasawulalmasalaif they can't be milked |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mensawulaldımI was able to be milked | sensawulaldıŋyou were able to be milked | olsawulaldıhe was able to be milked | bizsawulaldıqwe were able to be milked | sizsawulaldığızyou all were able to be milked | alasawulaldılathey were able to be milked |
| Ability — simple past | mensawulalmadımI could not be milked | sensawulalmadıŋyou could not be milked | olsawulalmadıhe could not be milked | bizsawulalmadıqwe could not be milked | sizsawulalmadığızyou all could not be milked | alasawulalmadılathey could not be milked |
| Ability — simple past | mensawulaldımmı?was I able to be milked? | sensawulaldıŋmı?were you able to be milked? | olsawulaldımı?was he able to be milked? | bizsawulaldıqmı?were we able to be milked? | sizsawulaldığızmı?were you all able to be milked? | alasawulaldılamı?were they able to be milked? |
| Ability — simple past | mensawulalmadımmı?couldn't I be milked? | sensawulalmadıŋmı?couldn't you be milked? | olsawulalmadımı?couldn't he be milked? | bizsawulalmadıqmı?couldn't we be milked? | sizsawulalmadığızmı?couldn't you all be milked? | alasawulalmadılamı?couldn't they be milked? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensawulalğanmaI have been able to be milked | sensawulalğansayou have been able to be milked | olsawulalğandıhe has been able to be milked | bizsawulalğanbızwe have been able to be milked | sizsawulalğansızyou all have been able to be milked | alasawulalğandılathey have been able to be milked |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensawulalmağanmaI haven't been able to be milked | sensawulalmağansayou haven't been able to be milked | olsawulalmağandıhe hasn't been able to be milked | bizsawulalmağanbızwe haven't been able to be milked | sizsawulalmağansızyou all haven't been able to be milked | alasawulalmağandılathey haven't been able to be milked |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensawulalğanmamı? sawulalğanmıma?have I been able to be milked? | sensawulalğanmısa?have you been able to be milked? | olsawulalğanmıdı?has he been able to be milked? | bizsawulalğanbızmı? sawulalğanmıbız?have we been able to be milked? | sizsawulalğanmısız?have you all been able to be milked? | alasawulalğanmıdıla?have they been able to be milked? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensawulalmağanmamı? sawulalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to be milked? | sensawulalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to be milked? | olsawulalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to be milked? | bizsawulalmağanbızmı? sawulalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to be milked? | sizsawulalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to be milked? | alasawulalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to be milked? |
| Ability — past perfect | mensawulalğan edimsawulalğanemI had been able to be milked | sensawulalğan ediŋsawulalğaneŋyou had been able to be milked | olsawulalğan edisawulalğanedhe had been able to be milked | bizsawulalğan ediksawulalğanekwe had been able to be milked | sizsawulalğan edigizsawulalğanegizyou all had been able to be milked | alasawulalğan edilesawulalğanellethey had been able to be milked |
| Ability — past perfect | mensawulalmağan edimsawulalmağanemI hadn't been able to be milked | sensawulalmağan ediŋsawulalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to be milked | olsawulalmağan edisawulalmağanedhe hadn't been able to be milked | bizsawulalmağan ediksawulalmağanekwe hadn't been able to be milked | sizsawulalmağan edigizsawulalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to be milked | alasawulalmağan edilesawulalmağanellethey hadn't been able to be milked |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mensawulala edimsawulalaemI could be milked | sensawulala ediŋsawulalaeŋyou could be milked | olsawulala edisawulalaedhe could be milked | bizsawulala ediksawulalaekwe could be milked | sizsawulala edigizsawulalaegizyou all could be milked | alasawulala edilesawulalaellethey could be milked |
| Ability — past background | mensawulalmay edimsawulalmayemI could not be milked | sensawulalmay ediŋsawulalmayeŋyou could not be milked | olsawulalmay edisawulalmayedhe could not be milked | bizsawulalmay ediksawulalmayekwe could not be milked | sizsawulalmay edigizsawulalmayegizyou all could not be milked | alasawulalmay edilesawulalmayellethey could not be milked |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mensawulalırmaI will be able to be milked | sensawulalırsayou will be able to be milked | olsawulalırhe will be able to be milked | bizsawulalırbızwe will be able to be milked | sizsawulalırsızyou all will be able to be milked | alasawulalırlathey will be able to be milked |
| Ability — future I | mensawulalmazmaI won't be able to be milked | sensawulalmazsayou won't be able to be milked | olsawulalmazhe won't be able to be milked | bizsawulalmazbızwe won't be able to be milked | sizsawulalmazsızyou all won't be able to be milked | alasawulalmazlathey won't be able to be milked |
| Ability — future I | mensawulalırmamı? sawulalırmıma?will I be able to be milked? | sensawulalırmısa?will you be able to be milked? | olsawulalırmı?will he be able to be milked? | bizsawulalırbızmı? sawulalırmıbız?will we be able to be milked? | sizsawulalırmısız?will you all be able to be milked? | alasawulalırlamı? sawulalırmıla?will they be able to be milked? |
| Ability — future I | mensawulalmazmamı? sawulalmazmıma?won't I be able to be milked? | sensawulalmazmısa?won't you be able to be milked? | olsawulalmazmı?won't he be able to be milked? | bizsawulalmazbızmı? sawulalmazmıbız?won't we be able to be milked? | sizsawulalmazmısız?won't you all be able to be milked? | alasawulalmazlamı? sawulalmazmıla?won't they be able to be milked? |
| Ability — future II | mensawulallıqmaI am going to be able to be milked | sensawulallıqsayou are going to be able to be milked | olsawulallıqdıhe is going to be able to be milked | bizsawulallıqbızwe are going to be able to be milked | sizsawulallıqsızyou all are going to be able to be milked | alasawulallıqdılathey are going to be able to be milked |
| Ability — future II | mensawulallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to be milked | sensawulallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to be milked | olsawulallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to be milked | bizsawulallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to be milked | sizsawulallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to be milked | alasawulallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to be milked |
| Ability — future II | mensawulallıqmamı? sawulallıqmıma?am I going to be able to be milked? | sensawulallıqmısa?are you going to be able to be milked? | olsawulallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to be milked? | bizsawulallıqbızmı? sawulallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to be milked? | sizsawulallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to be milked? | alasawulallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to be milked? |
| Ability — future II | mensawulallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to be milked? | sensawulallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to be milked? | olsawulallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to be milked? | bizsawulallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to be milked? | sizsawulallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to be milked? | alasawulallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to be milked? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensawulalır edimsawulalır emI would be able to be milked | sensawulalır ediŋsawulalır eŋyou would be able to be milked | olsawulalır edisawulalır edhe would be able to be milked | bizsawulalır ediksawulalır ekwe would be able to be milked | sizsawulalır edigizsawulalır egizyou all would be able to be milked | alasawulalır edilesawulalır ellethey would be able to be milked |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensawulalmaz edimsawulalmaz emI wouldn't be able to be milked | sensawulalmaz ediŋsawulalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to be milked | olsawulalmaz edisawulalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to be milked | bizsawulalmaz ediksawulalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to be milked | sizsawulalmaz edigizsawulalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to be milked | alasawulalmaz edilesawulalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to be milked |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensawulalğınsawulalğımay you be able to be milked | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensawulalmağınsawulalmağımay you not be able to be milked | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mensawulurğa izleymeI want to be milked | sensawulurğa izleyseyou want to be milked | olsawulurğa izleydihe wants to be milked | bizsawulurğa izleybizwe want to be milked | sizsawulurğa izleysizyou all want to be milked | alasawulurğa izleydilethey want to be milked |
| want to | mensawulurğa izlemeymeI do not want to be milked | sensawulurğa izlemeyseyou do not want to be milked | olsawulurğa izlemeydihe does not want to be milked | bizsawulurğa izlemeybizwe do not want to be milked | sizsawulurğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to be milked | alasawulurğa izlemeydilethey do not want to be milked |
| would like to | mensawulurğa süemeI would like to be milked | sensawulurğa süeseyou would like to be milked | olsawulurğa süedihe would like to be milked | bizsawulurğa süebizwe would like to be milked | sizsawulurğa süesizyou all would like to be milked | alasawulurğa süedilethey would like to be milked |
| would like to | mensawulurğa süymeymeI would not like to be milked | sensawulurğa süymeyseyou would not like to be milked | olsawulurğa süymeydihe would not like to be milked | bizsawulurğa süymeybizwe would not like to be milked | sizsawulurğa süymeysizyou all would not like to be milked | alasawulurğa süymeydilethey would not like to be milked |
| hope to | mensawulurğa umutlanamaI hope to be milked | sensawulurğa umutlanasayou hope to be milked | olsawulurğa umutlanadıhe hopes to be milked | bizsawulurğa umutlanabızwe hope to be milked | sizsawulurğa umutlanasızyou all hope to be milked | alasawulurğa umutlanadılathey hope to be milked |
| hope to | mensawulurğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to be milked | sensawulurğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to be milked | olsawulurğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to be milked | bizsawulurğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to be milked | sizsawulurğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to be milked | alasawulurğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to be milked |
| be about to | mensawulurğa deb turamaI am about to be milked | sensawulurğa deb turasayou are about to be milked | olsawulurğa deb turadıhe is about to be milked | bizsawulurğa deb turabızwe are about to be milked | sizsawulurğa deb turasızyou all are about to be milked | alasawulurğa deb turadılathey are about to be milked |
| be about to | mensawulurğa deb turmaymaI am not about to be milked | sensawulurğa deb turmaysayou are not about to be milked | olsawulurğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to be milked | bizsawulurğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to be milked | sizsawulurğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to be milked | alasawulurğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to be milked |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mensawulurğa kerekmeI need to be milked | sensawulurğa kerekseyou need to be milked | olsawulurğa kerekdihe needs to be milked | bizsawulurğa kerekbizwe need to be milked | sizsawulurğa kereksizyou all need to be milked | alasawulurğa kerekdilethey need to be milked |
| need to | mensawulurğa kerek tülmeI do not need to be milked | sensawulurğa kerek tülseyou do not need to be milked | olsawulurğa kerek tüldühe does not need to be milked | bizsawulurğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to be milked | sizsawulurğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to be milked | alasawulurğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to be milked |
| have to | menmenŋe sawulurğa tüşediI have to be milked | sensenŋe sawulurğa tüşediyou have to be milked | olaŋa sawulurğa tüşedihe has to be milked | bizbizge sawulurğa tüşediwe have to be milked | sizsizge sawulurğa tüşediyou all have to be milked | alaalağa sawulurğa tüşedithey have to be milked |
| have to | menmenŋe sawulurğa tüşmeydiI do not have to be milked | sensenŋe sawulurğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to be milked | olaŋa sawulurğa tüşmeydihe does not have to be milked | bizbizge sawulurğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to be milked | sizsizge sawulurğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to be milked | alaalağa sawulurğa tüşmeydithey do not have to be milked |
| be obliged to | mensawulurğa borçlumaI am obliged to be milked | sensawulurğa borçlusayou are obliged to be milked | olsawulurğa borçluduhe is obliged to be milked | bizsawulurğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to be milked | sizsawulurğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to be milked | alasawulurğa borçludulathey are obliged to be milked |
| be obliged to | mensawulurğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to be milked | sensawulurğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to be milked | olsawulurğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to be milked | bizsawulurğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to be milked | sizsawulurğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to be milked | alasawulurğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to be milked |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mensawulurğa madarım bardıI have a way to be milked | sensawulurğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to be milked | olsawulurğa madarı bardıhe has a way to be milked | bizsawulurğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to be milked | sizsawulurğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to be milked | alasawulurğa madarları bardıthey have a way to be milked |
| have a way to | mensawulurğa madarım joqduI have no way to be milked | sensawulurğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to be milked | olsawulurğa madarı joqduhe has no way to be milked | bizsawulurğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to be milked | sizsawulurğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to be milked | alasawulurğa madarları joqduthey have no way to be milked |
| be free to | mensawulurğa erkinligim bardıI am free to be milked | sensawulurğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to be milked | olsawulurğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to be milked | bizsawulurğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to be milked | sizsawulurğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to be milked | alasawulurğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to be milked |
| be free to | mensawulurğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to be milked | sensawulurğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to be milked | olsawulurğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to be milked | bizsawulurğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to be milked | sizsawulurğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to be milked | alasawulurğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to be milked |
| be possible to | menmenŋe sawulurğa bolluqduit is possible for me to be milked | sensenŋe sawulurğa bolluqduit is possible for you to be milked | olaŋa sawulurğa bolluqduit is possible for him to be milked | bizbizge sawulurğa bolluqduit is possible for us to be milked | sizsizge sawulurğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to be milked | alaalağa sawulurğa bolluqduit is possible for them to be milked |
| be possible to | menmenŋe sawulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to be milked | sensenŋe sawulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to be milked | olaŋa sawulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to be milked | bizbizge sawulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to be milked | sizsizge sawulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to be milked | alaalağa sawulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to be milked |
| be ready to | mensawulurğa hazırmaI am ready to be milked | sensawulurğa hazırsayou are ready to be milked | olsawulurğa hazırdıhe is ready to be milked | bizsawulurğa hazırbızwe are ready to be milked | sizsawulurğa hazırsızyou all are ready to be milked | alasawulurğa hazırdılathey are ready to be milked |
| be ready to | mensawulurğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to be milked | sensawulurğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to be milked | olsawulurğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to be milked | bizsawulurğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to be milked | sizsawulurğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to be milked | alasawulurğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to be milked |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mensawulurğa küreşemeI am trying to be milked | sensawulurğa küreşeseyou are trying to be milked | olsawulurğa küreşedihe is trying to be milked | bizsawulurğa küreşebizwe are trying to be milked | sizsawulurğa küreşesizyou all are trying to be milked | alasawulurğa küreşedilethey are trying to be milked |
| try to | mensawulurğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to be milked | sensawulurğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to be milked | olsawulurğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to be milked | bizsawulurğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to be milked | sizsawulurğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to be milked | alasawulurğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to be milked |
| agree to | mensawulurğa unaymaI agree to be milked | sensawulurğa unaysayou agree to be milked | olsawulurğa unaydıhe agrees to be milked | bizsawulurğa unaybızwe agree to be milked | sizsawulurğa unaysızyou all agree to be milked | alasawulurğa unaydılathey agree to be milked |
| agree to | mensawulurğa unamaymaI refuse to be milked | sensawulurğa unamaysayou refuse to be milked | olsawulurğa unamaydıhe refuses to be milked | bizsawulurğa unamaybızwe refuse to be milked | sizsawulurğa unamaysızyou all refuse to be milked | alasawulurğa unamaydılathey refuse to be milked |
| hurry to | mensawulurğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to be milked | sensawulurğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to be milked | olsawulurğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to be milked | bizsawulurğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to be milked | sizsawulurğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to be milked | alasawulurğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to be milked |
| hurry to | mensawulurğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to be milked | sensawulurğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to be milked | olsawulurğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to be milked | bizsawulurğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to be milked | sizsawulurğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to be milked | alasawulurğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to be milked |
| be afraid to | mensawulurğa qorqamaI am afraid to be milked | sensawulurğa qorqasayou are afraid to be milked | olsawulurğa qorqadıhe is afraid to be milked | bizsawulurğa qorqabızwe are afraid to be milked | sizsawulurğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to be milked | alasawulurğa qorqadılathey are afraid to be milked |
| be afraid to | mensawulurğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to be milked | sensawulurğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to be milked | olsawulurğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to be milked | bizsawulurğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to be milked | sizsawulurğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to be milked | alasawulurğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to be milked |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mensawula bolmazmaI can't be being milked | sensawula bolmazsayou can't be being milked | olsawula bolmazhe can't be being milked | bizsawula bolmazbızwe can't be being milked | sizsawula bolmazsızyou all can't be being milked | alasawula bolmazlathey can't be being milked |
| Inference, present — double negation | mensawulmay bolmazmaI must be being milked (emphatic) | sensawulmay bolmazsayou must be being milked (emphatic) | olsawulmay bolmazhe must be being milked (emphatic) | bizsawulmay bolmazbızwe must be being milked (emphatic) | sizsawulmay bolmazsızyou all must be being milked (emphatic) | alasawulmay bolmazlathey must be being milked (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mensawula turmasamif I don't keep being milked | sensawula turmasaŋif you don't keep being milked | olsawula turmasaif he doesn't keep being milked | bizsawula turmasaqif we don't keep being milked | sizsawula turmasağızif you all don't keep being milked | alasawula turmasalaif they don't keep being milked |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mensawula tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of being milked | sensawula tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of being milked | olsawula tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of being milked | bizsawula tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of being milked | sizsawula tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of being milked | alasawula tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of being milked |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mensawulmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not being milked (emphatic) | sensawulmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not being milked (emphatic) | olsawulmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not being milked (emphatic) | bizsawulmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not being milked (emphatic) | sizsawulmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not being milked (emphatic) | alasawulmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not being milked (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mensawulmay turamaI keep on not being milked | sensawulmay turasayou keep on not being milked | olsawulmay turadıhe keeps on not being milked | bizsawulmay turabızwe keep on not being milked | sizsawulmay turasızyou all keep on not being milked | alasawulmay turadılathey keep on not being milked |
| Progressive — double negation | mensawulmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not being milked | sensawulmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not being milked | olsawulmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not being milked | bizsawulmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not being milked | sizsawulmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not being milked | alasawulmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not being milked |
| Progressive — double negation | mensawulmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not being milked? | sensawulmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not being milked? | olsawulmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not being milked? | bizsawulmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not being milked? | sizsawulmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not being milked? | alasawulmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not being milked? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mensawulğan bolmazmaI can't have been milked | sensawulğan bolmazsayou can't have been milked | olsawulğan bolmazhe can't have been milked | bizsawulğan bolmazbızwe can't have been milked | sizsawulğan bolmazsızyou all can't have been milked | alasawulğan bolmazlathey can't have been milked |
| Inference — double negation | mensawulmağan bolmazmaI must have been milked (emphatic) | sensawulmağan bolmazsayou must have been milked (emphatic) | olsawulmağan bolmazhe must have been milked (emphatic) | bizsawulmağan bolmazbızwe must have been milked (emphatic) | sizsawulmağan bolmazsızyou all must have been milked (emphatic) | alasawulmağan bolmazlathey must have been milked (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mensawulğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had been milked | sensawulğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had been milked | olsawulğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had been milked | bizsawulğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had been milked | sizsawulğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had been milked | alasawulğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had been milked |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mensawulmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't been milked | sensawulmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't been milked | olsawulmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't been milked | bizsawulmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't been milked | sizsawulmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't been milked | alasawulmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't been milked |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mensawulluq bolmazmaI can't be going to be milked | sensawulluq bolmazsayou can't be going to be milked | olsawulluq bolmazhe can't be going to be milked | bizsawulluq bolmazbızwe can't be going to be milked | sizsawulluq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to be milked | alasawulluq bolmazlathey can't be going to be milked |
| Inference, future — double negation | mensawulmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to be milked (emphatic) | sensawulmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to be milked (emphatic) | olsawulmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to be milked (emphatic) | bizsawulmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to be milked (emphatic) | sizsawulmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to be milked (emphatic) | alasawulmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to be milked (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mensawulluq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to be milked | sensawulluq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to be milked | olsawulluq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to be milked | bizsawulluq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to be milked | sizsawulluq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to be milked | alasawulluq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to be milked |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mensawulmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to be milked | sensawulmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to be milked | olsawulmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to be milked | bizsawulmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to be milked | sizsawulmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to be milked | alasawulmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to be milked |