quralğan
/quralʁan/ · plural quralğanla
1. composite, compound, made up of parts, assembled
- quralğan çepken — a dress sewn from pieces of cloth
- eki kesekden quralğan üy — a house made up of two parts
- bu eki kesekden quralğandı — this is made up of two parts
- bu söz eki kesekden quralğandı — this word is made up of two parts
2. derived — Said of a word formed from another word with a suffix.
- quralğan söz — a derived word
- quralğan sıfatla — derived adjectives
- etimleden quralğan atla — nouns derived from verbs
- bu quralğan sözdü — this is a derived word
3. structure, composition, makeup — Used with a possessive ending: quralğanı.
- aytımnı quralğanı — the structure of a sentence
- suwnu quralğanı — the composition of water
- romannı quralğanı — the composition of a novel
As an adjective
Saying it about someone
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | quralğanmaI am composite | quralğansayou are composite | quralğandıhe is composite | quralğanbızwe are composite | quralğansızyou all are composite | quralğandılathey are composite |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden quralğandı — "compared to me, he is composite."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki quralğandımine is composite | seniki quralğandıyours is composite | anıqı quralğandıhis is composite | bizniki quralğandıours is composite | sizniki quralğandıyours (pl.) is composite | alanıqı quralğandıtheirs is composite |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile quralğandılamine are composite | senikile quralğandılayours are composite | anıqıla quralğandılahis are composite | biznikile quralğandılaours are composite | siznikile quralğandılayours (pl.) are composite | alanıqıla quralğandılatheirs are composite |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu quralğandı, bıla quralğandıla. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".
As a noun
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | quralğanthe structure | quralğanımmy structure | quralğanıŋyour structure | quralğanıhis structure | quralğanıbızour structure | quralğanığızyou all's structure | quralğanlarıtheir structures |
| Genitive | quralğannıthe structure's | quralğanımımy structure's | quralğanıŋıyour structure's | quralğanınıhis structure's | quralğanıbıznıour structure's | quralğanığıznıyou all's structure's | quralğanlarınıtheir structures' |
| Accusative | quralğannıthe structure (as the object) | quralğanımımy structure (as the object) | quralğanıŋıyour structure (as the object) | quralğanınhis structure (as the object) | quralğanıbıznıour structure (as the object) | quralğanığıznıyou all's structure (as the object) | quralğanlarıntheir structures (as the object) |
| Dative | quralğanŋato the structure | quralğanımato my structure | quralğanıŋato your structure | quralğanınato his structure | quralğanıbızğato our structure | quralğanığızğato you all's structure | quralğanlarınato their structures |
| Locative | quralğandain / at the structure | quralğanımdain / at my structure | quralğanıŋdain / at your structure | quralğanındain / at his structure | quralğanıbızdain / at our structure | quralğanığızdain / at you all's structure | quralğanlarındain / at their structures |
| Ablative | quralğandanfrom the structure | quralğanımdanfrom my structure | quralğanıŋdanfrom your structure | quralğanındanfrom his structure | quralğanıbızdanfrom our structure | quralğanığızdanfrom you all's structure | quralğanlarındanfrom their structures |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | quralğanlathe structures | quralğanlarımmy structures | quralğanlarıŋyour structures | quralğanlarıhis structures | quralğanlarıbızour structures | quralğanlarığızyou all's structures | quralğanlarıtheir structures |
| Genitive | quralğanlanıthe structures' | quralğanlarımımy structures' | quralğanlarıŋıyour structures' | quralğanlarınıhis structures' | quralğanlarıbıznıour structures' | quralğanlarığıznıyou all's structures' | quralğanlarınıtheir structures' |
| Accusative | quralğanlanıthe structures (as the object) | quralğanlarımımy structures (as the object) | quralğanlarıŋıyour structures (as the object) | quralğanlarınhis structures (as the object) | quralğanlarıbıznıour structures (as the object) | quralğanlarığıznıyou all's structures (as the object) | quralğanlarıntheir structures (as the object) |
| Dative | quralğanlağato the structures | quralğanlarımato my structures | quralğanlarıŋato your structures | quralğanlarınato his structures | quralğanlarıbızğato our structures | quralğanlarığızğato you all's structures | quralğanlarınato their structures |
| Locative | quralğanladain / at the structures | quralğanlarımdain / at my structures | quralğanlarıŋdain / at your structures | quralğanlarındain / at his structures | quralğanlarıbızdain / at our structures | quralğanlarığızdain / at you all's structures | quralğanlarındain / at their structures |
| Ablative | quralğanladanfrom the structures | quralğanlarımdanfrom my structures | quralğanlarıŋdanfrom your structures | quralğanlarındanfrom his structures | quralğanlarıbızdanfrom our structures | quralğanlarığızdanfrom you all's structures | quralğanlarındanfrom their structures |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: quralğanları can mean "his / her structures", "their structure", or "their structures" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.