qoşçu
/qoʃtʃu/ · plural qoşçula
1. camp herdsman, herder who lives at a mountain herding camp
- qoşçu mallanı sürdü — the camp herdsman drove the animals
- men qoşçu bolub işlegenme — I worked as a camp herdsman
- qoşçula bügün tawğa köçedile — the camp herdsmen are moving to the mountain today
- qoşçula köz qısmay taŋŋa çıqdıla — the camp herdsmen stayed up till dawn without shutting an eye
- qoş başçı da, qoşçula da — both the head of the camp and the camp herdsmen
2. hired worker at a herding camp, camp worker — The phrase bal qoşçu means a beekeeper at an apiary. one source
- bay eki qoşçunu jalğa aldı — the rich man hired two camp workers
- ol bayğa qoşçu edi — he was a camp worker for a rich man
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | qoşçuthe camp herdsman | qoşçummy camp herdsman | qoşçuŋyour camp herdsman | qoşçusuhis camp herdsman | qoşçubuzour camp herdsman | qoşçuğuzyou all's camp herdsman | qoşçularıtheir camp herdsmen |
| Genitive | qoşçunuthe camp herdsman's | qoşçumumy camp herdsman's | qoşçuŋuyour camp herdsman's | qoşçusunuhis camp herdsman's | qoşçubuznuour camp herdsman's | qoşçuğuznuyou all's camp herdsman's | qoşçularınıtheir camp herdsmen's |
| Accusative | qoşçunuthe camp herdsman (as the object) | qoşçumumy camp herdsman (as the object) | qoşçuŋuyour camp herdsman (as the object) | qoşçusunhis camp herdsman (as the object) | qoşçubuznuour camp herdsman (as the object) | qoşçuğuznuyou all's camp herdsman (as the object) | qoşçularıntheir camp herdsmen (as the object) |
| Dative | qoşçuğato the camp herdsman | qoşçumato my camp herdsman | qoşçuŋato your camp herdsman | qoşçusunato his camp herdsman | qoşçubuzğato our camp herdsman | qoşçuğuzğato you all's camp herdsman | qoşçularınato their camp herdsmen |
| Locative | qoşçudain / at the camp herdsman | qoşçumdain / at my camp herdsman | qoşçuŋdain / at your camp herdsman | qoşçusundain / at his camp herdsman | qoşçubuzdain / at our camp herdsman | qoşçuğuzdain / at you all's camp herdsman | qoşçularındain / at their camp herdsmen |
| Ablative | qoşçudanfrom the camp herdsman | qoşçumdanfrom my camp herdsman | qoşçuŋdanfrom your camp herdsman | qoşçusundanfrom his camp herdsman | qoşçubuzdanfrom our camp herdsman | qoşçuğuzdanfrom you all's camp herdsman | qoşçularındanfrom their camp herdsmen |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | qoşçulathe camp herdsmen | qoşçularımmy camp herdsmen | qoşçularıŋyour camp herdsmen | qoşçularıhis camp herdsmen | qoşçularıbızour camp herdsmen | qoşçularığızyou all's camp herdsmen | qoşçularıtheir camp herdsmen |
| Genitive | qoşçulanıthe camp herdsmen's | qoşçularımımy camp herdsmen's | qoşçularıŋıyour camp herdsmen's | qoşçularınıhis camp herdsmen's | qoşçularıbıznıour camp herdsmen's | qoşçularığıznıyou all's camp herdsmen's | qoşçularınıtheir camp herdsmen's |
| Accusative | qoşçulanıthe camp herdsmen (as the object) | qoşçularımımy camp herdsmen (as the object) | qoşçularıŋıyour camp herdsmen (as the object) | qoşçularınhis camp herdsmen (as the object) | qoşçularıbıznıour camp herdsmen (as the object) | qoşçularığıznıyou all's camp herdsmen (as the object) | qoşçularıntheir camp herdsmen (as the object) |
| Dative | qoşçulağato the camp herdsmen | qoşçularımato my camp herdsmen | qoşçularıŋato your camp herdsmen | qoşçularınato his camp herdsmen | qoşçularıbızğato our camp herdsmen | qoşçularığızğato you all's camp herdsmen | qoşçularınato their camp herdsmen |
| Locative | qoşçuladain / at the camp herdsmen | qoşçularımdain / at my camp herdsmen | qoşçularıŋdain / at your camp herdsmen | qoşçularındain / at his camp herdsmen | qoşçularıbızdain / at our camp herdsmen | qoşçularığızdain / at you all's camp herdsmen | qoşçularındain / at their camp herdsmen |
| Ablative | qoşçuladanfrom the camp herdsmen | qoşçularımdanfrom my camp herdsmen | qoşçularıŋdanfrom your camp herdsmen | qoşçularındanfrom his camp herdsmen | qoşçularıbızdanfrom our camp herdsmen | qoşçularığızdanfrom you all's camp herdsmen | qoşçularındanfrom their camp herdsmen |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: qoşçuları can mean "his / her camp herdsmen", "their camp herdsman", or "their camp herdsmen" — context decides.
Whose it is
| Case | one thing, one owner | several things, one owner | one thing, several owners | several things, several owners |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | qoşçunuquthe camp herdsman's one | qoşçunuqulathe camp herdsman's ones | qoşçulanıqıthe camp herdsmen's one | qoşçulanıqılathe camp herdsmen's ones |
| Genitive | qoşçunuqunuof the camp herdsman's one | qoşçunuqulanıof the camp herdsman's ones | qoşçulanıqınıof the camp herdsmen's one | qoşçulanıqılanıof the camp herdsmen's ones |
| Accusative | qoşçunuqunthe camp herdsman's one (as the object) | qoşçunuqulanıthe camp herdsman's ones (as the object) | qoşçulanıqınthe camp herdsmen's one (as the object) | qoşçulanıqılanıthe camp herdsmen's ones (as the object) |
| Dative | qoşçunuqunato the camp herdsman's one | qoşçunuqulağato the camp herdsman's ones | qoşçulanıqınato the camp herdsmen's one | qoşçulanıqılağato the camp herdsmen's ones |
| Locative | qoşçunuqundain / at the camp herdsman's one | qoşçunuquladain / at the camp herdsman's ones | qoşçulanıqındain / at the camp herdsmen's one | qoşçulanıqıladain / at the camp herdsmen's ones |
| Ablative | qoşçunuqundanfrom the camp herdsman's one | qoşçunuquladanfrom the camp herdsman's ones | qoşçulanıqındanfrom the camp herdsmen's one | qoşçulanıqıladanfrom the camp herdsmen's ones |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.