qarılırğa
/qarɯlɯrʁa/
1. choke, have food go down the wrong way — Used when eating or drinking; the thing choked on takes the ablative, as in iynek kartofdan qarıldı "the cow choked on a potato".
- ullu qabma qarılırsa — don't take too big a bite, or you'll choke
- ol aşdan qarıldı — he choked on his food
- sabiy sütden qarıldı — the child choked on the milk
- bir qatı zatdan qarılğança — as if he had choked on something hard
- qarıla-qarıla jutadı — he swallows it, choking again and again
- iynek qarıldı — the cow choked
2. grow hoarse, go husky, wheeze — Said of the throat or voice. one source
- awazı qarıldı — his voice went husky
- tamağı qarılğandı — his throat has gone hoarse
- qıçırdı ol qarılğınçı — he shouted until he grew hoarse
- tamağıŋ qarılğınçı — until your throat goes hoarse
- tamağı qarıldı — his throat went hoarse
3. go out of tune — Said of an instrument, for example an accordion. one source
- qobuz qarılğandı — the accordion has gone out of tune
- sıbızğı qarıldı — the pipe went out of tune
- maqamı qarıldı — its tune went off
Conjugation
Common forms
- qarıladıhe is choking
- qarıldıhe choked
- qarılğandıhe has choked
- qarılırhe will choke
- qarıllıqdıhe is going to choke
- qarıla edihe was choking
- qarılsaif he chokes
- qarıl!choke!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqarılamaI am choking | senqarılasayou are choking | olqarıladıhe is choking | bizqarılabızwe are choking | sizqarılasızyou all are choking | alaqarıladılathey are choking |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqarılmaymaI am not choking | senqarılmaysayou are not choking | olqarılmaydıhe is not choking | bizqarılmaybızwe are not choking | sizqarılmaysızyou all are not choking | alaqarılmaydılathey are not choking |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqarılamamı? qarılamıma?am I choking? | senqarılamısa?are you choking? | olqarılamıdı?is he choking? | bizqarılabızmı? qarılamıbız?are we choking? | sizqarılamısız?are you all choking? | alaqarılamıdıla?are they choking? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqarılmaymamı? qarılmaymıma?aren't I choking? | senqarılmaymısa?aren't you choking? | olqarılmaymıdı?isn't he choking? | bizqarılmaybızmı? qarılmaymıbız?aren't we choking? | sizqarılmaymısız?aren't you all choking? | alaqarılmaymıdıla?aren't they choking? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqarılıwçanmaI usually choke | senqarılıwçansayou usually choke | olqarılıwçandıhe usually chokes | bizqarılıwçanbızwe usually choke | sizqarılıwçansızyou all usually choke | alaqarılıwçandılathey usually choke |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqarılmawçanmaI usually don't choke | senqarılmawçansayou usually don't choke | olqarılmawçandıhe usually doesn't choke | bizqarılmawçanbızwe usually don't choke | sizqarılmawçansızyou all usually don't choke | alaqarılmawçandılathey usually don't choke |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqarılıwçanmamı? qarılıwçanmıma?do I usually choke? | senqarılıwçanmısa?do you usually choke? | olqarılıwçanmıdı?does he usually choke? | bizqarılıwçanbızmı? qarılıwçanmıbız?do we usually choke? | sizqarılıwçanmısız?do you all usually choke? | alaqarılıwçanmıdıla?do they usually choke? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqarılmawçanmamı? qarılmawçanmıma?do I usually not choke? | senqarılmawçanmısa?do you usually not choke? | olqarılmawçanmıdı?does he usually not choke? | bizqarılmawçanbızmı? qarılmawçanmıbız?do we usually not choke? | sizqarılmawçanmısız?do you all usually not choke? | alaqarılmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not choke? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqarılıbdıhe has choked and remains so | alaqarılıbdılathey have choked and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqarılıbmıdı?has he choked? | alaqarılıbmıdıla?have they choked? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqarılıb turamaI keep choking | senqarılıb turasayou keep choking | olqarılıb turadıhe keeps choking | bizqarılıb turabızwe keep choking | sizqarılıb turasızyou all keep choking | alaqarılıb turadılathey keep choking |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqarılıb turmaymaI don't keep choking | senqarılıb turmaysayou don't keep choking | olqarılıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep choking | bizqarılıb turmaybızwe don't keep choking | sizqarılıb turmaysızyou all don't keep choking | alaqarılıb turmaydılathey don't keep choking |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqarılıb turamamı? qarılıb turamıma?do I keep choking? | senqarılıb turamısa?do you keep choking? | olqarılıb turamıdı?does he keep choking? | bizqarılıb turabızmı? qarılıb turamıbız?do we keep choking? | sizqarılıb turamısız?do you all keep choking? | alaqarılıb turamıdıla?do they keep choking? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqarılıb turmaymamı? qarılıb turmaymıma?don't I keep choking? | senqarılıb turmaymısa?don't you keep choking? | olqarılıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep choking? | bizqarılıb turmaybızmı? qarılıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep choking? | sizqarılıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep choking? | alaqarılıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep choking? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqarıla turamaI am in the middle of choking | senqarıla turasayou are in the middle of choking | olqarıla turadıhe is in the middle of choking | bizqarıla turabızwe are in the middle of choking | sizqarıla turasızyou all are in the middle of choking | alaqarıla turadılathey are in the middle of choking |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqarıla turmaymaI am not in the middle of choking | senqarıla turmaysayou are not in the middle of choking | olqarıla turmaydıhe is not in the middle of choking | bizqarıla turmaybızwe are not in the middle of choking | sizqarıla turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of choking | alaqarıla turmaydılathey are not in the middle of choking |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqarıla turamamı? qarıla turamıma?am I in the middle of choking? | senqarıla turamısa?are you in the middle of choking? | olqarıla turamıdı?is he in the middle of choking? | bizqarıla turabızmı? qarıla turamıbız?are we in the middle of choking? | sizqarıla turamısız?are you all in the middle of choking? | alaqarıla turamıdıla?are they in the middle of choking? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqarıla turmaymamı? qarıla turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of choking? | senqarıla turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of choking? | olqarıla turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of choking? | bizqarıla turmaybızmı? qarıla turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of choking? | sizqarıla turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of choking? | alaqarıla turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of choking? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqarıldımI choked | senqarıldıŋyou choked | olqarıldıhe choked | bizqarıldıqwe choked | sizqarıldığızyou all choked | alaqarıldılathey choked |
| Simple past (definite) | menqarılmadımI didn't choke | senqarılmadıŋyou didn't choke | olqarılmadıhe didn't choke | bizqarılmadıqwe didn't choke | sizqarılmadığızyou all didn't choke | alaqarılmadılathey didn't choke |
| Simple past (definite) | menqarıldımmı?did I choke? | senqarıldıŋmı?did you choke? | olqarıldımı?did he choke? | bizqarıldıqmı?did we choke? | sizqarıldığızmı?did you all choke? | alaqarıldılamı?did they choke? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqarılmadımmı?didn't I choke? | senqarılmadıŋmı?didn't you choke? | olqarılmadımı?didn't he choke? | bizqarılmadıqmı?didn't we choke? | sizqarılmadığızmı?didn't you all choke? | alaqarılmadılamı?didn't they choke? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqarılğanmaI have choked | senqarılğansayou have choked | olqarılğandıhe has choked | bizqarılğanbızwe have choked | sizqarılğansızyou all have choked | alaqarılğandılathey have choked |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqarılmağanmaI haven't choked | senqarılmağansayou haven't choked | olqarılmağandıhe hasn't choked | bizqarılmağanbızwe haven't choked | sizqarılmağansızyou all haven't choked | alaqarılmağandılathey haven't choked |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqarılğanmamı? qarılğanmıma?have I choked? | senqarılğanmısa?have you choked? | olqarılğanmıdı?has he choked? | bizqarılğanbızmı? qarılğanmıbız?have we choked? | sizqarılğanmısız?have you all choked? | alaqarılğanmıdıla?have they choked? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqarılmağanmamı? qarılmağanmıma?haven't I choked? | senqarılmağanmısa?haven't you choked? | olqarılmağanmıdı?hasn't he choked? | bizqarılmağanbızmı? qarılmağanmıbız?haven't we choked? | sizqarılmağanmısız?haven't you all choked? | alaqarılmağanmıdıla?haven't they choked? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqarılıb turdumI kept choking | senqarılıb turduŋyou kept choking | olqarılıb turduhe kept choking | bizqarılıb turduqwe kept choking | sizqarılıb turduğuzyou all kept choking | alaqarılıb turdulathey kept choking |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqarılıb turmadımI didn't keep choking | senqarılıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep choking | olqarılıb turmadıhe didn't keep choking | bizqarılıb turmadıqwe didn't keep choking | sizqarılıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep choking | alaqarılıb turmadılathey didn't keep choking |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqarılırmaI will choke | senqarılırsayou will choke | olqarılırhe will choke | bizqarılırbızwe will choke | sizqarılırsızyou all will choke | alaqarılırlathey will choke |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqarılmazmaI won't choke | senqarılmazsayou won't choke | olqarılmazhe won't choke | bizqarılmazbızwe won't choke | sizqarılmazsızyou all won't choke | alaqarılmazlathey won't choke |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqarılırmamı? qarılırmıma?will I choke? | senqarılırmısa?will you choke? | olqarılırmı?will he choke? | bizqarılırbızmı? qarılırmıbız?will we choke? | sizqarılırmısız?will you all choke? | alaqarılırlamı? qarılırmıla?will they choke? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqarılmazmamı? qarılmazmıma?won't I choke? | senqarılmazmısa?won't you choke? | olqarılmazmı?won't he choke? | bizqarılmazbızmı? qarılmazmıbız?won't we choke? | sizqarılmazmısız?won't you all choke? | alaqarılmazlamı? qarılmazmıla?won't they choke? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqarıllıqmaI am going to choke | senqarıllıqsayou are going to choke | olqarıllıqdıhe is going to choke | bizqarıllıqbızwe are going to choke | sizqarıllıqsızyou all are going to choke | alaqarıllıqdılathey are going to choke |
| Definite future (future II) | menqarıllıq tülmeI am not going to choke | senqarıllıq tülseyou are not going to choke | olqarıllıq tüldühe is not going to choke | bizqarıllıq tülbüzwe are not going to choke | sizqarıllıq tülsüzyou all are not going to choke | alaqarıllıq tüldülethey are not going to choke |
| Definite future (future II) | menqarıllıqmamı? qarıllıqmıma?am I going to choke? | senqarıllıqmısa?are you going to choke? | olqarıllıqmıdı?is he going to choke? | bizqarıllıqbızmı? qarıllıqmıbız?are we going to choke? | sizqarıllıqmısız?are you all going to choke? | alaqarıllıqmıdıla?are they going to choke? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqarıllıq tülmüme?aren't I going to choke? | senqarıllıq tülmüse?aren't you going to choke? | olqarıllıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to choke? | bizqarıllıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to choke? | sizqarıllıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to choke? | alaqarıllıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to choke? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqarılğan edimqarılğanemI had choked | senqarılğan ediŋqarılğaneŋyou had choked | olqarılğan ediqarılğanedhe had choked | bizqarılğan edikqarılğanekwe had choked | sizqarılğan edigizqarılğanegizyou all had choked | alaqarılğan edileqarılğanellethey had choked |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqarılmağan edimqarılmağanemI hadn't choked | senqarılmağan ediŋqarılmağaneŋyou hadn't choked | olqarılmağan ediqarılmağanedhe hadn't choked | bizqarılmağan edikqarılmağanekwe hadn't choked | sizqarılmağan edigizqarılmağanegizyou all hadn't choked | alaqarılmağan edileqarılmağanellethey hadn't choked |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqarıla edimqarılaemI was choking | senqarıla ediŋqarılaeŋyou were choking | olqarıla ediqarılaedhe was choking | bizqarıla edikqarılaekwe were choking | sizqarıla edigizqarılaegizyou all were choking | alaqarıla edileqarılaellethey were choking |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqarılmay edimqarılmayemI wasn't choking | senqarılmay ediŋqarılmayeŋyou weren't choking | olqarılmay ediqarılmayedhe wasn't choking | bizqarılmay edikqarılmayekwe weren't choking | sizqarılmay edigizqarılmayegizyou all weren't choking | alaqarılmay edileqarılmayellethey weren't choking |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menqarılıwçan edimqarılıwçanemI used to choke | senqarılıwçan ediŋqarılıwçaneŋyou used to choke | olqarılıwçan ediqarılıwçanedhe used to choke | bizqarılıwçan edikqarılıwçanekwe used to choke | sizqarılıwçan edigizqarılıwçanegizyou all used to choke | alaqarılıwçan edileqarılıwçanellethey used to choke |
| Habitual past (used to) | menqarılmawçan edimqarılmawçanemI didn't use to choke | senqarılmawçan ediŋqarılmawçaneŋyou didn't use to choke | olqarılmawçan ediqarılmawçanedhe didn't use to choke | bizqarılmawçan edikqarılmawçanekwe didn't use to choke | sizqarılmawçan edigizqarılmawçanegizyou all didn't use to choke | alaqarılmawçan edileqarılmawçanellethey didn't use to choke |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqarılıb edihe had choked and remained so | alaqarılıb edilethey had choked and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqarılıb tül edihe hadn't choked | alaqarılıb tül edilethey hadn't choked | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqarılıb tura edimqarılıb turaemI had kept choking | senqarılıb tura ediŋqarılıb turaeŋyou had kept choking | olqarılıb tura ediqarılıb turaedhe had kept choking | bizqarılıb tura edikqarılıb turaekwe had kept choking | sizqarılıb tura edigizqarılıb turaegizyou all had kept choking | alaqarılıb tura edileqarılıb turaellethey had kept choking |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqarılıb turmay edimqarılıb turmayemI hadn't kept choking | senqarılıb turmay ediŋqarılıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept choking | olqarılıb turmay ediqarılıb turmayedhe hadn't kept choking | bizqarılıb turmay edikqarılıb turmayekwe hadn't kept choking | sizqarılıb turmay edigizqarılıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept choking | alaqarılıb turmay edileqarılıb turmayellethey hadn't kept choking |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqarıla tura edimqarıla turaemI was in the middle of choking | senqarıla tura ediŋqarıla turaeŋyou were in the middle of choking | olqarıla tura ediqarıla turaedhe was in the middle of choking | bizqarıla tura edikqarıla turaekwe were in the middle of choking | sizqarıla tura edigizqarıla turaegizyou all were in the middle of choking | alaqarıla tura edileqarıla turaellethey were in the middle of choking |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqarıla turmay edimqarıla turmayemI wasn't in the middle of choking | senqarıla turmay ediŋqarıla turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of choking | olqarıla turmay ediqarıla turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of choking | bizqarıla turmay edikqarıla turmayekwe weren't in the middle of choking | sizqarıla turmay edigizqarıla turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of choking | alaqarıla turmay edileqarıla turmayellethey weren't in the middle of choking |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menqarılır edimqarılır emI would choke | senqarılır ediŋqarılır eŋyou would choke | olqarılır ediqarılır edhe would choke | bizqarılır edikqarılır ekwe would choke | sizqarılır edigizqarılır egizyou all would choke | alaqarılır edileqarılır ellethey would choke |
| Conditional result (would) | menqarılmaz edimqarılmaz emI wouldn't choke | senqarılmaz ediŋqarılmaz eŋyou wouldn't choke | olqarılmaz ediqarılmaz edhe wouldn't choke | bizqarılmaz edikqarılmaz ekwe wouldn't choke | sizqarılmaz edigizqarılmaz egizyou all wouldn't choke | alaqarılmaz edileqarılmaz ellethey wouldn't choke |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqarıllıq edimqarıllıq emI would have choked | senqarıllıq ediŋqarıllıq eŋyou would have choked | olqarıllıq ediqarıllıq edhe would have choked | bizqarıllıq edikqarıllıq ekwe would have choked | sizqarıllıq edigizqarıllıq egizyou all would have choked | alaqarıllıq edileqarıllıq ellethey would have choked |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqarıllıq tül edimqarıllıq tül emI wouldn't have choked | senqarıllıq tül ediŋqarıllıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have choked | olqarıllıq tül ediqarıllıq tül edhe wouldn't have choked | bizqarıllıq tül edikqarıllıq tül ekwe wouldn't have choked | sizqarıllıq tül edigizqarıllıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have choked | alaqarıllıq tül edileqarıllıq tül ellethey wouldn't have choked |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menqarılsamif I choke | senqarılsaŋif you choke | olqarılsaif he chokes | bizqarılsaqif we choke | sizqarılsağızif you all choke | alaqarılsalaif they choke |
| Conditional | menqarılmasamif I don't choke | senqarılmasaŋif you don't choke | olqarılmasaif he doesn't choke | bizqarılmasaqif we don't choke | sizqarılmasağızif you all don't choke | alaqarılmasalaif they don't choke |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menqarıla esemif I am choking | senqarıla eseŋif you are choking | olqarıla eseif he is choking | bizqarıla esekif we are choking | sizqarıla esegizif you all are choking | alaqarıla eseleif they are choking |
| Conditional, present real | menqarılmay esemif I am not choking | senqarılmay eseŋif you are not choking | olqarılmay eseif he is not choking | bizqarılmay esekif we are not choking | sizqarılmay esegizif you all are not choking | alaqarılmay eseleif they are not choking |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqarılsam ediqarılsam edif only I choked | senqarılsaŋ ediqarılsaŋ edif only you choked | olqarılsa ediqarılsaedif only he choked | bizqarılsaq ediqarılsaq edif only we choked | sizqarılsağız ediqarılsağız edif only you all choked | alaqarılsala ediqarılsalaedif only they choked |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqarılmasam ediqarılmasam edif only I didn't choke | senqarılmasaŋ ediqarılmasaŋ edif only you didn't choke | olqarılmasa ediqarılmasaedif only he didn't choke | bizqarılmasaq ediqarılmasaq edif only we didn't choke | sizqarılmasağız ediqarılmasağız edif only you all didn't choke | alaqarılmasala ediqarılmasalaedif only they didn't choke |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menqarılıb tursamif I carry on choking | senqarılıb tursaŋif you carry on choking | olqarılıb tursaif he carries on choking | bizqarılıb tursaqif we carry on choking | sizqarılıb tursağızif you all carry on choking | alaqarılıb tursalaif they carry on choking |
| Durative conditional | menqarılıb turmasamif I don't carry on choking | senqarılıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on choking | olqarılıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on choking | bizqarılıb turmasaqif we don't carry on choking | sizqarılıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on choking | alaqarılıb turmasalaif they don't carry on choking |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menqarılıb tura esemif I have kept choking | senqarılıb tura eseŋif you have kept choking | olqarılıb tura eseif he has kept choking | bizqarılıb tura esekif we have kept choking | sizqarılıb tura esegizif you all have kept choking | alaqarılıb tura eseleif they have kept choking |
| Durative conditional, present real | menqarılıb turmay esemif I haven't kept choking | senqarılıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept choking | olqarılıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept choking | bizqarılıb turmay esekif we haven't kept choking | sizqarılıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept choking | alaqarılıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept choking |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menqarıla tursamif I keep choking | senqarıla tursaŋif you keep choking | olqarıla tursaif he keeps choking | bizqarıla tursaqif we keep choking | sizqarıla tursağızif you all keep choking | alaqarıla tursalaif they keep choking |
| Progressive conditional | menqarılmay tursamif I keep on not choking | senqarılmay tursaŋif you keep on not choking | olqarılmay tursaif he keeps on not choking | bizqarılmay tursaqif we keep on not choking | sizqarılmay tursağızif you all keep on not choking | alaqarılmay tursalaif they keep on not choking |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqarıla tura esemif I am in the middle of choking | senqarıla tura eseŋif you are in the middle of choking | olqarıla tura eseif he is in the middle of choking | bizqarıla tura esekif we are in the middle of choking | sizqarıla tura esegizif you all are in the middle of choking | alaqarıla tura eseleif they are in the middle of choking |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqarılmay tura esemif I keep on not choking | senqarılmay tura eseŋif you keep on not choking | olqarılmay tura eseif he keeps on not choking | bizqarılmay tura esekif we keep on not choking | sizqarılmay tura esegizif you all keep on not choking | alaqarılmay tura eseleif they keep on not choking |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqarıldım esemif I choked | senqarıldıŋ eseŋif you choked | olqarıldı eseif he choked | bizqarıldıq esekif we choked | sizqarıldığız esegizif you all choked | alaqarıldıla eseleif they choked |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqarılmadım esemif I didn't choke | senqarılmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't choke | olqarılmadı eseif he didn't choke | bizqarılmadıq esekif we didn't choke | sizqarılmadığız esegizif you all didn't choke | alaqarılmadıla eseleif they didn't choke |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menqarılğan esemif I did choke (indeed) | senqarılğan eseŋif you did choke (indeed) | olqarılğan eseif he did choke (indeed) | bizqarılğan esekif we did choke (indeed) | sizqarılğan esegizif you all did choke (indeed) | alaqarılğan eseleif they did choke (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menqarılmağan esemif I didn't choke (indeed) | senqarılmağan eseŋif you didn't choke (indeed) | olqarılmağan eseif he didn't choke (indeed) | bizqarılmağan esekif we didn't choke (indeed) | sizqarılmağan esegizif you all didn't choke (indeed) | alaqarılmağan eseleif they didn't choke (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqarılğan bolsamif I had choked | senqarılğan bolsaŋif you had choked | olqarılğan bolsaif he had choked | bizqarılğan bolsaqif we had choked | sizqarılğan bolsağızif you all had choked | alaqarılğan bolsalaif they had choked |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqarılmağan bolsamif I hadn't choked | senqarılmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't choked | olqarılmağan bolsaif he hadn't choked | bizqarılmağan bolsaqif we hadn't choked | sizqarılmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't choked | alaqarılmağan bolsalaif they hadn't choked |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqarılğan bolsam ediqarılğan bolsam edif only I had choked | senqarılğan bolsaŋ ediqarılğan bolsaŋ edif only you had choked | olqarılğan bolsa ediqarılğan bolsaedif only he had choked | bizqarılğan bolsaq ediqarılğan bolsaq edif only we had choked | sizqarılğan bolsağız ediqarılğan bolsağız edif only you all had choked | alaqarılğan bolsala ediqarılğan bolsalaedif only they had choked |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqarılmağan bolsam ediqarılmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't choked | senqarılmağan bolsaŋ ediqarılmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't choked | olqarılmağan bolsa ediqarılmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't choked | bizqarılmağan bolsaq ediqarılmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't choked | sizqarılmağan bolsağız ediqarılmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't choked | alaqarılmağan bolsala ediqarılmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't choked |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menqarılır esemif I will choke | senqarılır eseŋif you will choke | olqarılır eseif he will choke | bizqarılır esekif we will choke | sizqarılır esegizif you all will choke | alaqarılır eseleif they will choke |
| Conditional, aorist | menqarılmaz esemif I won't choke | senqarılmaz eseŋif you won't choke | olqarılmaz eseif he won't choke | bizqarılmaz esekif we won't choke | sizqarılmaz esegizif you all won't choke | alaqarılmaz eseleif they won't choke |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menqarıllıq esemif I am going to choke | senqarıllıq eseŋif you are going to choke | olqarıllıq eseif he is going to choke | bizqarıllıq esekif we are going to choke | sizqarıllıq esegizif you all are going to choke | alaqarıllıq eseleif they are going to choke |
| Conditional, future | menqarıllıq tül esemif I am not going to choke | senqarıllıq tül eseŋif you are not going to choke | olqarıllıq tül eseif he is not going to choke | bizqarıllıq tül esekif we are not going to choke | sizqarıllıq tül esegizif you all are not going to choke | alaqarıllıq tül eseleif they are not going to choke |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqarıllıq bolsamif I were going to choke | senqarıllıq bolsaŋif you were going to choke | olqarıllıq bolsaif he were going to choke | bizqarıllıq bolsaqif we were going to choke | sizqarıllıq bolsağızif you all were going to choke | alaqarıllıq bolsalaif they were going to choke |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqarılmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to choke | senqarılmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to choke | olqarılmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to choke | bizqarılmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to choke | sizqarılmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to choke | alaqarılmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to choke |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso qarıldıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqarıla bolurmaI must be choking | senqarıla bolursayou must be choking | olqarıla bolurhe must be choking | bizqarıla bolurbuzwe must be choking | sizqarıla bolursuzyou all must be choking | alaqarıla bolurlathey must be choking |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqarılmay bolurmaI must not be choking | senqarılmay bolursayou must not be choking | olqarılmay bolurhe must not be choking | bizqarılmay bolurbuzwe must not be choking | sizqarılmay bolursuzyou all must not be choking | alaqarılmay bolurlathey must not be choking |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqarıla tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of choking | senqarıla tura bolursayou must be in the middle of choking | olqarıla tura bolurhe must be in the middle of choking | bizqarıla tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of choking | sizqarıla tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of choking | alaqarıla tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of choking |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqarılmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not choking | senqarılmay tura bolursayou must keep on not choking | olqarılmay tura bolurhe must keep on not choking | bizqarılmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not choking | sizqarılmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not choking | alaqarılmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not choking |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menqarılğan bolurmaI must have choked | senqarılğan bolursayou must have choked | olqarılğan bolurhe must have choked | bizqarılğan bolurbuzwe must have choked | sizqarılğan bolursuzyou all must have choked | alaqarılğan bolurlathey must have choked |
| Inference (must have) | menqarılmağan bolurmaI must not have choked | senqarılmağan bolursayou must not have choked | olqarılmağan bolurhe must not have choked | bizqarılmağan bolurbuzwe must not have choked | sizqarılmağan bolursuzyou all must not have choked | alaqarılmağan bolurlathey must not have choked |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqarıllıq bolurmaI must be going to choke | senqarıllıq bolursayou must be going to choke | olqarıllıq bolurhe must be going to choke | bizqarıllıq bolurbuzwe must be going to choke | sizqarıllıq bolursuzyou all must be going to choke | alaqarıllıq bolurlathey must be going to choke |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqarılmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to choke | senqarılmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to choke | olqarılmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to choke | bizqarılmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to choke | sizqarılmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to choke | alaqarılmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to choke |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menqarılayımlet me choke | senqarıl!choke! | olqarılsınlet him choke | bizqarılayıqlet's choke | sizqarılığız!choke, you all! | alaqarılsınlalet them choke |
| Commands & suggestions | menqarılmayımlet me not choke | senqarılma!don't choke! | olqarılmasınlet him not choke | bizqarılmayıqlet's not choke | sizqarılmağız!don't choke, you all! | alaqarılmasınlalet them not choke |
| Commands & suggestions | menqarılayımmı?shall I choke? | olqarılsınmı?should he choke? | bizqarılayıqmı?shall we choke? | alaqarılsınlamı?should they choke? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menqarılmayımmı?shall I not choke? | olqarılmasınmı?should he not choke? | bizqarılmayıqmı?shall we not choke? | alaqarılmasınlamı?should they not choke? | ||
| Requests | senqarılçı2qarılçınplease choke | olqarılsınçıdo let him choke | sizqarılçığızplease choke (plural/polite) | alaqarılsınlaçıdo let them choke | ||
| Requests | senqarılmaçı2qarılmaçınplease don't choke | olqarılmasınçıdo let him not choke | sizqarılmaçığızplease don't choke (plural/polite) | alaqarılmasınlaçıdo let them not choke | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqarılğınqarılğımay you choke | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqarılmağınqarılmağımay you not choke | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqarılğay edim qarılğa edimwould that I choked | senqarılğay ediŋ qarılğa ediŋwould that you choked | olqarılğay edi qarılğa ediwould that he choked | bizqarılğay edik qarılğa edikwould that we choked | sizqarılğay edigiz qarılğa edigizwould that you all choked | alaqarılğay edile qarılğa edilewould that they choked |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqarılmağay edim qarılmağa edimwould that I did not choke | senqarılmağay ediŋ qarılmağa ediŋwould that you did not choke | olqarılmağay edi qarılmağa ediwould that he did not choke | bizqarılmağay edik qarılmağa edikwould that we did not choke | sizqarılmağay edigiz qarılmağa edigizwould that you all did not choke | alaqarılmağay edile qarılmağa edilewould that they did not choke |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqarılmağa qoyayımqarılma qoyayımlet me allow someone to choke | senqarılmağa qoy!qarılma qoy!let someone choke! | olqarılmağa qoysunqarılma qoysunlet him allow someone to choke | bizqarılmağa qoyayıqqarılma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to choke | sizqarılmağa qoyuğuz!qarılma qoyuğuz!let someone choke, you all! | alaqarılmağa qoysunlaqarılma qoysunlalet them allow someone to choke |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqarılmağa qoymayımqarılma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to choke | senqarılmağa qoyma!qarılma qoyma!don't let someone choke! | olqarılmağa qoymasınqarılma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to choke | bizqarılmağa qoymayıqqarılma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to choke | sizqarılmağa qoymağız!qarılma qoymağız!don't let someone choke, you all! | alaqarılmağa qoymasınlaqarılma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to choke |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqarılmağa qoyayımmı?qarılma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to choke? | olqarılmağa qoysunmu?qarılma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to choke? | bizqarılmağa qoyayıqmı?qarılma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to choke? | alaqarılmağa qoysunlamı?qarılma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to choke? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqarılmağa qoymayımmı?qarılma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to choke? | olqarılmağa qoymasınmı?qarılma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to choke? | bizqarılmağa qoymayıqmı?qarılma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to choke? | alaqarılmağa qoymasınlamı?qarılma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to choke? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menqarılmağa qoyamaqarılma qoyamaI allow someone to choke | senqarılmağa qoyasaqarılma qoyasayou allow someone to choke | olqarılmağa qoyadıqarılma qoyadıhe allows someone to choke | bizqarılmağa qoyabızqarılma qoyabızwe allow someone to choke | sizqarılmağa qoyasızqarılma qoyasızyou all allow someone to choke | alaqarılmağa qoyadılaqarılma qoyadılathey allow someone to choke |
| Let someone… (present) | menqarılmağa qoymaymaqarılma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to choke | senqarılmağa qoymaysaqarılma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to choke | olqarılmağa qoymaydıqarılma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to choke | bizqarılmağa qoymaybızqarılma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to choke | sizqarılmağa qoymaysızqarılma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to choke | alaqarılmağa qoymaydılaqarılma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to choke |
| Let someone… (present) | menqarılmağa qoyamamı?qarılma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to choke? | senqarılmağa qoyamısa?qarılma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to choke? | olqarılmağa qoyamıdı?qarılma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to choke? | bizqarılmağa qoyabızmı?qarılma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to choke? | sizqarılmağa qoyamısız?qarılma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to choke? | alaqarılmağa qoyamıdıla?qarılma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to choke? |
| Let someone… (present) | menqarılmağa qoymaymamı?qarılma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to choke? | senqarılmağa qoymaymısa?qarılma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to choke? | olqarılmağa qoymaymıdı?qarılma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to choke? | bizqarılmağa qoymaybızmı?qarılma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to choke? | sizqarılmağa qoymaymısız?qarılma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to choke? | alaqarılmağa qoymaymıdıla?qarılma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to choke? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqarılmağa qoydumqarılma qoydumI allowed someone to choke | senqarılmağa qoyduŋqarılma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to choke | olqarılmağa qoyduqarılma qoyduhe allowed someone to choke | bizqarılmağa qoyduqqarılma qoyduqwe allowed someone to choke | sizqarılmağa qoyduğuzqarılma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to choke | alaqarılmağa qoydulaqarılma qoydulathey allowed someone to choke |
| Let someone… (past) | menqarılmağa qoymadımqarılma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to choke | senqarılmağa qoymadıŋqarılma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to choke | olqarılmağa qoymadıqarılma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to choke | bizqarılmağa qoymadıqqarılma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to choke | sizqarılmağa qoymadığızqarılma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to choke | alaqarılmağa qoymadılaqarılma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to choke |
| Let someone… (past) | menqarılmağa qoydummu?qarılma qoydummu?did I allow someone to choke? | senqarılmağa qoyduŋmu?qarılma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to choke? | olqarılmağa qoydumu?qarılma qoydumu?did he allow someone to choke? | bizqarılmağa qoyduqmu?qarılma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to choke? | sizqarılmağa qoyduğuzmu?qarılma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to choke? | alaqarılmağa qoydulamı?qarılma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to choke? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqarılmağa qoymadımmı?qarılma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to choke? | senqarılmağa qoymadıŋmı?qarılma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to choke? | olqarılmağa qoymadımı?qarılma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to choke? | bizqarılmağa qoymadıqmı?qarılma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to choke? | sizqarılmağa qoymadığızmı?qarılma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to choke? | alaqarılmağa qoymadılamı?qarılma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to choke? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
qarılalırğa be able to choke · qarılalmazğa be unable to choke
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menqarılalamaI can choke | senqarılalasayou can choke | olqarılaladıhe can choke | bizqarılalabızwe can choke | sizqarılalasızyou all can choke | alaqarılaladılathey can choke |
| Ability — present | menqarılalmaymaI can't choke | senqarılalmaysayou can't choke | olqarılalmaydıhe can't choke | bizqarılalmaybızwe can't choke | sizqarılalmaysızyou all can't choke | alaqarılalmaydılathey can't choke |
| Ability — present | menqarılalamamı? qarılalamıma?can I choke? | senqarılalamısa?can you choke? | olqarılalamıdı?can he choke? | bizqarılalabızmı? qarılalamıbız?can we choke? | sizqarılalamısız?can you all choke? | alaqarılalamıdıla?can they choke? |
| Ability — present | menqarılalmaymamı? qarılalmaymıma?can't I choke? | senqarılalmaymısa?can't you choke? | olqarılalmaymıdı?can't he choke? | bizqarılalmaybızmı? qarılalmaymıbız?can't we choke? | sizqarılalmaymısız?can't you all choke? | alaqarılalmaymıdıla?can't they choke? |
| Ability — if I can… | menqarılalsamif I can choke | senqarılalsaŋif you can choke | olqarılalsaif he can choke | bizqarılalsaqif we can choke | sizqarılalsağızif you all can choke | alaqarılalsalaif they can choke |
| Ability — if I can… | menqarılalmasamif I can't choke | senqarılalmasaŋif you can't choke | olqarılalmasaif he can't choke | bizqarılalmasaqif we can't choke | sizqarılalmasağızif you all can't choke | alaqarılalmasalaif they can't choke |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menqarılaldımI was able to choke | senqarılaldıŋyou were able to choke | olqarılaldıhe was able to choke | bizqarılaldıqwe were able to choke | sizqarılaldığızyou all were able to choke | alaqarılaldılathey were able to choke |
| Ability — simple past | menqarılalmadımI could not choke | senqarılalmadıŋyou could not choke | olqarılalmadıhe could not choke | bizqarılalmadıqwe could not choke | sizqarılalmadığızyou all could not choke | alaqarılalmadılathey could not choke |
| Ability — simple past | menqarılaldımmı?was I able to choke? | senqarılaldıŋmı?were you able to choke? | olqarılaldımı?was he able to choke? | bizqarılaldıqmı?were we able to choke? | sizqarılaldığızmı?were you all able to choke? | alaqarılaldılamı?were they able to choke? |
| Ability — simple past | menqarılalmadımmı?couldn't I choke? | senqarılalmadıŋmı?couldn't you choke? | olqarılalmadımı?couldn't he choke? | bizqarılalmadıqmı?couldn't we choke? | sizqarılalmadığızmı?couldn't you all choke? | alaqarılalmadılamı?couldn't they choke? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqarılalğanmaI have been able to choke | senqarılalğansayou have been able to choke | olqarılalğandıhe has been able to choke | bizqarılalğanbızwe have been able to choke | sizqarılalğansızyou all have been able to choke | alaqarılalğandılathey have been able to choke |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqarılalmağanmaI haven't been able to choke | senqarılalmağansayou haven't been able to choke | olqarılalmağandıhe hasn't been able to choke | bizqarılalmağanbızwe haven't been able to choke | sizqarılalmağansızyou all haven't been able to choke | alaqarılalmağandılathey haven't been able to choke |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqarılalğanmamı? qarılalğanmıma?have I been able to choke? | senqarılalğanmısa?have you been able to choke? | olqarılalğanmıdı?has he been able to choke? | bizqarılalğanbızmı? qarılalğanmıbız?have we been able to choke? | sizqarılalğanmısız?have you all been able to choke? | alaqarılalğanmıdıla?have they been able to choke? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqarılalmağanmamı? qarılalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to choke? | senqarılalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to choke? | olqarılalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to choke? | bizqarılalmağanbızmı? qarılalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to choke? | sizqarılalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to choke? | alaqarılalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to choke? |
| Ability — past perfect | menqarılalğan edimqarılalğanemI had been able to choke | senqarılalğan ediŋqarılalğaneŋyou had been able to choke | olqarılalğan ediqarılalğanedhe had been able to choke | bizqarılalğan edikqarılalğanekwe had been able to choke | sizqarılalğan edigizqarılalğanegizyou all had been able to choke | alaqarılalğan edileqarılalğanellethey had been able to choke |
| Ability — past perfect | menqarılalmağan edimqarılalmağanemI hadn't been able to choke | senqarılalmağan ediŋqarılalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to choke | olqarılalmağan ediqarılalmağanedhe hadn't been able to choke | bizqarılalmağan edikqarılalmağanekwe hadn't been able to choke | sizqarılalmağan edigizqarılalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to choke | alaqarılalmağan edileqarılalmağanellethey hadn't been able to choke |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menqarılala edimqarılalaemI could choke | senqarılala ediŋqarılalaeŋyou could choke | olqarılala ediqarılalaedhe could choke | bizqarılala edikqarılalaekwe could choke | sizqarılala edigizqarılalaegizyou all could choke | alaqarılala edileqarılalaellethey could choke |
| Ability — past background | menqarılalmay edimqarılalmayemI could not choke | senqarılalmay ediŋqarılalmayeŋyou could not choke | olqarılalmay ediqarılalmayedhe could not choke | bizqarılalmay edikqarılalmayekwe could not choke | sizqarılalmay edigizqarılalmayegizyou all could not choke | alaqarılalmay edileqarılalmayellethey could not choke |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menqarılalırmaI will be able to choke | senqarılalırsayou will be able to choke | olqarılalırhe will be able to choke | bizqarılalırbızwe will be able to choke | sizqarılalırsızyou all will be able to choke | alaqarılalırlathey will be able to choke |
| Ability — future I | menqarılalmazmaI won't be able to choke | senqarılalmazsayou won't be able to choke | olqarılalmazhe won't be able to choke | bizqarılalmazbızwe won't be able to choke | sizqarılalmazsızyou all won't be able to choke | alaqarılalmazlathey won't be able to choke |
| Ability — future I | menqarılalırmamı? qarılalırmıma?will I be able to choke? | senqarılalırmısa?will you be able to choke? | olqarılalırmı?will he be able to choke? | bizqarılalırbızmı? qarılalırmıbız?will we be able to choke? | sizqarılalırmısız?will you all be able to choke? | alaqarılalırlamı? qarılalırmıla?will they be able to choke? |
| Ability — future I | menqarılalmazmamı? qarılalmazmıma?won't I be able to choke? | senqarılalmazmısa?won't you be able to choke? | olqarılalmazmı?won't he be able to choke? | bizqarılalmazbızmı? qarılalmazmıbız?won't we be able to choke? | sizqarılalmazmısız?won't you all be able to choke? | alaqarılalmazlamı? qarılalmazmıla?won't they be able to choke? |
| Ability — future II | menqarılallıqmaI am going to be able to choke | senqarılallıqsayou are going to be able to choke | olqarılallıqdıhe is going to be able to choke | bizqarılallıqbızwe are going to be able to choke | sizqarılallıqsızyou all are going to be able to choke | alaqarılallıqdılathey are going to be able to choke |
| Ability — future II | menqarılallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to choke | senqarılallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to choke | olqarılallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to choke | bizqarılallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to choke | sizqarılallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to choke | alaqarılallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to choke |
| Ability — future II | menqarılallıqmamı? qarılallıqmıma?am I going to be able to choke? | senqarılallıqmısa?are you going to be able to choke? | olqarılallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to choke? | bizqarılallıqbızmı? qarılallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to choke? | sizqarılallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to choke? | alaqarılallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to choke? |
| Ability — future II | menqarılallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to choke? | senqarılallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to choke? | olqarılallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to choke? | bizqarılallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to choke? | sizqarılallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to choke? | alaqarılallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to choke? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqarılalır edimqarılalır emI would be able to choke | senqarılalır ediŋqarılalır eŋyou would be able to choke | olqarılalır ediqarılalır edhe would be able to choke | bizqarılalır edikqarılalır ekwe would be able to choke | sizqarılalır edigizqarılalır egizyou all would be able to choke | alaqarılalır edileqarılalır ellethey would be able to choke |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqarılalmaz edimqarılalmaz emI wouldn't be able to choke | senqarılalmaz ediŋqarılalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to choke | olqarılalmaz ediqarılalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to choke | bizqarılalmaz edikqarılalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to choke | sizqarılalmaz edigizqarılalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to choke | alaqarılalmaz edileqarılalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to choke |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqarılalğınqarılalğımay you be able to choke | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqarılalmağınqarılalmağımay you not be able to choke | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menqarılırğa izleymeI want to choke | senqarılırğa izleyseyou want to choke | olqarılırğa izleydihe wants to choke | bizqarılırğa izleybizwe want to choke | sizqarılırğa izleysizyou all want to choke | alaqarılırğa izleydilethey want to choke |
| want to | menqarılırğa izlemeymeI do not want to choke | senqarılırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to choke | olqarılırğa izlemeydihe does not want to choke | bizqarılırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to choke | sizqarılırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to choke | alaqarılırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to choke |
| would like to | menqarılırğa süemeI would like to choke | senqarılırğa süeseyou would like to choke | olqarılırğa süedihe would like to choke | bizqarılırğa süebizwe would like to choke | sizqarılırğa süesizyou all would like to choke | alaqarılırğa süedilethey would like to choke |
| would like to | menqarılırğa süymeymeI would not like to choke | senqarılırğa süymeyseyou would not like to choke | olqarılırğa süymeydihe would not like to choke | bizqarılırğa süymeybizwe would not like to choke | sizqarılırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to choke | alaqarılırğa süymeydilethey would not like to choke |
| hope to | menqarılırğa umutlanamaI hope to choke | senqarılırğa umutlanasayou hope to choke | olqarılırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to choke | bizqarılırğa umutlanabızwe hope to choke | sizqarılırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to choke | alaqarılırğa umutlanadılathey hope to choke |
| hope to | menqarılırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to choke | senqarılırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to choke | olqarılırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to choke | bizqarılırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to choke | sizqarılırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to choke | alaqarılırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to choke |
| be about to | menqarılırğa deb turamaI am about to choke | senqarılırğa deb turasayou are about to choke | olqarılırğa deb turadıhe is about to choke | bizqarılırğa deb turabızwe are about to choke | sizqarılırğa deb turasızyou all are about to choke | alaqarılırğa deb turadılathey are about to choke |
| be about to | menqarılırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to choke | senqarılırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to choke | olqarılırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to choke | bizqarılırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to choke | sizqarılırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to choke | alaqarılırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to choke |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menqarılırğa kerekmeI need to choke | senqarılırğa kerekseyou need to choke | olqarılırğa kerekdihe needs to choke | bizqarılırğa kerekbizwe need to choke | sizqarılırğa kereksizyou all need to choke | alaqarılırğa kerekdilethey need to choke |
| need to | menqarılırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to choke | senqarılırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to choke | olqarılırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to choke | bizqarılırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to choke | sizqarılırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to choke | alaqarılırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to choke |
| have to | menmenŋe qarılırğa tüşediI have to choke | sensenŋe qarılırğa tüşediyou have to choke | olaŋa qarılırğa tüşedihe has to choke | bizbizge qarılırğa tüşediwe have to choke | sizsizge qarılırğa tüşediyou all have to choke | alaalağa qarılırğa tüşedithey have to choke |
| have to | menmenŋe qarılırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to choke | sensenŋe qarılırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to choke | olaŋa qarılırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to choke | bizbizge qarılırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to choke | sizsizge qarılırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to choke | alaalağa qarılırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to choke |
| be obliged to | menqarılırğa borçlumaI am obliged to choke | senqarılırğa borçlusayou are obliged to choke | olqarılırğa borçluduhe is obliged to choke | bizqarılırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to choke | sizqarılırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to choke | alaqarılırğa borçludulathey are obliged to choke |
| be obliged to | menqarılırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to choke | senqarılırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to choke | olqarılırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to choke | bizqarılırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to choke | sizqarılırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to choke | alaqarılırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to choke |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menqarılırğa madarım bardıI have a way to choke | senqarılırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to choke | olqarılırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to choke | bizqarılırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to choke | sizqarılırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to choke | alaqarılırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to choke |
| have a way to | menqarılırğa madarım joqduI have no way to choke | senqarılırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to choke | olqarılırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to choke | bizqarılırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to choke | sizqarılırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to choke | alaqarılırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to choke |
| be free to | menqarılırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to choke | senqarılırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to choke | olqarılırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to choke | bizqarılırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to choke | sizqarılırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to choke | alaqarılırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to choke |
| be free to | menqarılırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to choke | senqarılırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to choke | olqarılırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to choke | bizqarılırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to choke | sizqarılırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to choke | alaqarılırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to choke |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qarılırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to choke | sensenŋe qarılırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to choke | olaŋa qarılırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to choke | bizbizge qarılırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to choke | sizsizge qarılırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to choke | alaalağa qarılırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to choke |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qarılırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to choke | sensenŋe qarılırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to choke | olaŋa qarılırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to choke | bizbizge qarılırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to choke | sizsizge qarılırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to choke | alaalağa qarılırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to choke |
| be ready to | menqarılırğa hazırmaI am ready to choke | senqarılırğa hazırsayou are ready to choke | olqarılırğa hazırdıhe is ready to choke | bizqarılırğa hazırbızwe are ready to choke | sizqarılırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to choke | alaqarılırğa hazırdılathey are ready to choke |
| be ready to | menqarılırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to choke | senqarılırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to choke | olqarılırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to choke | bizqarılırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to choke | sizqarılırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to choke | alaqarılırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to choke |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menqarılırğa küreşemeI am trying to choke | senqarılırğa küreşeseyou are trying to choke | olqarılırğa küreşedihe is trying to choke | bizqarılırğa küreşebizwe are trying to choke | sizqarılırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to choke | alaqarılırğa küreşedilethey are trying to choke |
| try to | menqarılırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to choke | senqarılırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to choke | olqarılırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to choke | bizqarılırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to choke | sizqarılırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to choke | alaqarılırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to choke |
| agree to | menqarılırğa unaymaI agree to choke | senqarılırğa unaysayou agree to choke | olqarılırğa unaydıhe agrees to choke | bizqarılırğa unaybızwe agree to choke | sizqarılırğa unaysızyou all agree to choke | alaqarılırğa unaydılathey agree to choke |
| agree to | menqarılırğa unamaymaI refuse to choke | senqarılırğa unamaysayou refuse to choke | olqarılırğa unamaydıhe refuses to choke | bizqarılırğa unamaybızwe refuse to choke | sizqarılırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to choke | alaqarılırğa unamaydılathey refuse to choke |
| hurry to | menqarılırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to choke | senqarılırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to choke | olqarılırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to choke | bizqarılırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to choke | sizqarılırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to choke | alaqarılırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to choke |
| hurry to | menqarılırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to choke | senqarılırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to choke | olqarılırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to choke | bizqarılırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to choke | sizqarılırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to choke | alaqarılırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to choke |
| be afraid to | menqarılırğa qorqamaI am afraid to choke | senqarılırğa qorqasayou are afraid to choke | olqarılırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to choke | bizqarılırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to choke | sizqarılırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to choke | alaqarılırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to choke |
| be afraid to | menqarılırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to choke | senqarılırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to choke | olqarılırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to choke | bizqarılırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to choke | sizqarılırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to choke | alaqarılırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to choke |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menqarıla bolmazmaI can't be choking | senqarıla bolmazsayou can't be choking | olqarıla bolmazhe can't be choking | bizqarıla bolmazbızwe can't be choking | sizqarıla bolmazsızyou all can't be choking | alaqarıla bolmazlathey can't be choking |
| Inference, present — double negation | menqarılmay bolmazmaI must be choking (emphatic) | senqarılmay bolmazsayou must be choking (emphatic) | olqarılmay bolmazhe must be choking (emphatic) | bizqarılmay bolmazbızwe must be choking (emphatic) | sizqarılmay bolmazsızyou all must be choking (emphatic) | alaqarılmay bolmazlathey must be choking (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menqarıla turmasamif I don't keep choking | senqarıla turmasaŋif you don't keep choking | olqarıla turmasaif he doesn't keep choking | bizqarıla turmasaqif we don't keep choking | sizqarıla turmasağızif you all don't keep choking | alaqarıla turmasalaif they don't keep choking |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menqarıla tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of choking | senqarıla tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of choking | olqarıla tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of choking | bizqarıla tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of choking | sizqarıla tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of choking | alaqarıla tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of choking |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menqarılmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not choking (emphatic) | senqarılmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not choking (emphatic) | olqarılmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not choking (emphatic) | bizqarılmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not choking (emphatic) | sizqarılmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not choking (emphatic) | alaqarılmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not choking (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menqarılmay turamaI keep on not choking | senqarılmay turasayou keep on not choking | olqarılmay turadıhe keeps on not choking | bizqarılmay turabızwe keep on not choking | sizqarılmay turasızyou all keep on not choking | alaqarılmay turadılathey keep on not choking |
| Progressive — double negation | menqarılmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not choking | senqarılmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not choking | olqarılmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not choking | bizqarılmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not choking | sizqarılmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not choking | alaqarılmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not choking |
| Progressive — double negation | menqarılmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not choking? | senqarılmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not choking? | olqarılmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not choking? | bizqarılmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not choking? | sizqarılmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not choking? | alaqarılmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not choking? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menqarılğan bolmazmaI can't have choked | senqarılğan bolmazsayou can't have choked | olqarılğan bolmazhe can't have choked | bizqarılğan bolmazbızwe can't have choked | sizqarılğan bolmazsızyou all can't have choked | alaqarılğan bolmazlathey can't have choked |
| Inference — double negation | menqarılmağan bolmazmaI must have choked (emphatic) | senqarılmağan bolmazsayou must have choked (emphatic) | olqarılmağan bolmazhe must have choked (emphatic) | bizqarılmağan bolmazbızwe must have choked (emphatic) | sizqarılmağan bolmazsızyou all must have choked (emphatic) | alaqarılmağan bolmazlathey must have choked (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menqarılğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had choked | senqarılğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had choked | olqarılğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had choked | bizqarılğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had choked | sizqarılğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had choked | alaqarılğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had choked |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menqarılmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't choked | senqarılmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't choked | olqarılmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't choked | bizqarılmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't choked | sizqarılmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't choked | alaqarılmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't choked |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menqarıllıq bolmazmaI can't be going to choke | senqarıllıq bolmazsayou can't be going to choke | olqarıllıq bolmazhe can't be going to choke | bizqarıllıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to choke | sizqarıllıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to choke | alaqarıllıq bolmazlathey can't be going to choke |
| Inference, future — double negation | menqarılmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to choke (emphatic) | senqarılmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to choke (emphatic) | olqarılmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to choke (emphatic) | bizqarılmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to choke (emphatic) | sizqarılmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to choke (emphatic) | alaqarılmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to choke (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menqarıllıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to choke | senqarıllıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to choke | olqarıllıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to choke | bizqarıllıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to choke | sizqarıllıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to choke | alaqarıllıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to choke |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menqarılmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to choke | senqarılmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to choke | olqarılmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to choke | bizqarılmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to choke | sizqarılmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to choke | alaqarılmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to choke |