qaraton
/qaraton/ · plural qaratonla
1. childless, barren, without issue; of a tree, bearing no fruit
- qaraton kişi — a childless man
- qaraton adam — a childless person
- qaraton qart kişi — a childless old man
- ol qaraton qatındı — she is a childless woman
- qaraton terek — a barren tree
- qaraton maldan toymaz — a childless person is never sated with wealth
2. monk
- qaratonnu jaşawu — a monk's life
- qaraton bolub jaşadı — he lived as a monk
- eski zamanda qaratonla bar edile — in the old days there were monks
Expressions
- qaraton hanŋa ulan tuwğança — great rejoicing
As an adjective
Degrees and persons
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | qaratonduhe is childless | qaratondulathey are childless | ||||
| comparative — more | qaratonuraqdıhe is more childless | qaratonuraqdılathey are more childless | ||||
| intensifier — very | bek qaratonduhe is very childless | bek qaratondulathey are very childless | ||||
| superlative — most | em qaratonduhe is the most childless | em qaratondulathey are the most childless |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden qaratondu — "compared to me, he is childless."
As a noun
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | qaratonthe monk | qaratonummy monk | qaratonuŋyour monk | qaratonuhis monk | qaratonubuzour monk | qaratonuğuzyou all's monk | qaratonlarıtheir monks |
| Genitive | qaratonnuthe monk's | qaratonumumy monk's | qaratonuŋuyour monk's | qaratonunuhis monk's | qaratonubuznuour monk's | qaratonuğuznuyou all's monk's | qaratonlarınıtheir monks' |
| Accusative | qaratonnuthe monk (as the object) | qaratonumumy monk (as the object) | qaratonuŋuyour monk (as the object) | qaratonunhis monk (as the object) | qaratonubuznuour monk (as the object) | qaratonuğuznuyou all's monk (as the object) | qaratonlarıntheir monks (as the object) |
| Dative | qaratonŋato the monk | qaratonumato my monk | qaratonuŋato your monk | qaratonunato his monk | qaratonubuzğato our monk | qaratonuğuzğato you all's monk | qaratonlarınato their monks |
| Locative | qaratondain / at the monk | qaratonumdain / at my monk | qaratonuŋdain / at your monk | qaratonundain / at his monk | qaratonubuzdain / at our monk | qaratonuğuzdain / at you all's monk | qaratonlarındain / at their monks |
| Ablative | qaratondanfrom the monk | qaratonumdanfrom my monk | qaratonuŋdanfrom your monk | qaratonundanfrom his monk | qaratonubuzdanfrom our monk | qaratonuğuzdanfrom you all's monk | qaratonlarındanfrom their monks |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | qaratonlathe monks | qaratonlarımmy monks | qaratonlarıŋyour monks | qaratonlarıhis monks | qaratonlarıbızour monks | qaratonlarığızyou all's monks | qaratonlarıtheir monks |
| Genitive | qaratonlanıthe monks' | qaratonlarımımy monks' | qaratonlarıŋıyour monks' | qaratonlarınıhis monks' | qaratonlarıbıznıour monks' | qaratonlarığıznıyou all's monks' | qaratonlarınıtheir monks' |
| Accusative | qaratonlanıthe monks (as the object) | qaratonlarımımy monks (as the object) | qaratonlarıŋıyour monks (as the object) | qaratonlarınhis monks (as the object) | qaratonlarıbıznıour monks (as the object) | qaratonlarığıznıyou all's monks (as the object) | qaratonlarıntheir monks (as the object) |
| Dative | qaratonlağato the monks | qaratonlarımato my monks | qaratonlarıŋato your monks | qaratonlarınato his monks | qaratonlarıbızğato our monks | qaratonlarığızğato you all's monks | qaratonlarınato their monks |
| Locative | qaratonladain / at the monks | qaratonlarımdain / at my monks | qaratonlarıŋdain / at your monks | qaratonlarındain / at his monks | qaratonlarıbızdain / at our monks | qaratonlarığızdain / at you all's monks | qaratonlarındain / at their monks |
| Ablative | qaratonladanfrom the monks | qaratonlarımdanfrom my monks | qaratonlarıŋdanfrom your monks | qaratonlarındanfrom his monks | qaratonlarıbızdanfrom our monks | qaratonlarığızdanfrom you all's monks | qaratonlarındanfrom their monks |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: qaratonları can mean "his / her monks", "their monk", or "their monks" — context decides.
Whose it is
| Case | one thing, one owner | several things, one owner | one thing, several owners | several things, several owners |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | qaratonnuquthe monk's one | qaratonnuqulathe monk's ones | qaratonlanıqıthe monks' one | qaratonlanıqılathe monks' ones |
| Genitive | qaratonnuqunuof the monk's one | qaratonnuqulanıof the monk's ones | qaratonlanıqınıof the monks' one | qaratonlanıqılanıof the monks' ones |
| Accusative | qaratonnuqunthe monk's one (as the object) | qaratonnuqulanıthe monk's ones (as the object) | qaratonlanıqınthe monks' one (as the object) | qaratonlanıqılanıthe monks' ones (as the object) |
| Dative | qaratonnuqunato the monk's one | qaratonnuqulağato the monk's ones | qaratonlanıqınato the monks' one | qaratonlanıqılağato the monks' ones |
| Locative | qaratonnuqundain / at the monk's one | qaratonnuquladain / at the monk's ones | qaratonlanıqındain / at the monks' one | qaratonlanıqıladain / at the monks' ones |
| Ablative | qaratonnuqundanfrom the monk's one | qaratonnuquladanfrom the monk's ones | qaratonlanıqındanfrom the monks' one | qaratonlanıqıladanfrom the monks' ones |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.