qaraŋı

/qaraŋɯ/ · plural qaraŋıla

1. (adj.) dark, unlit, gloomy, murky — As a predicate it means "it is dark": eşikde qaraŋıdı.

qaraŋı keçe — a dark night
eşikde qaraŋıdı — it is dark outside
qaraŋı üy — a gloomy room
qaraŋı bawda aq qozula — white lambs in the dark barn
qaraŋı üyge çıraq keltirdile — they brought a lamp into the dark room
qaraŋı jolda saq basarğa kerekdi — one must walk carefully on a dark road

2. (n.) darkness, dark, gloom, murk

qaraŋı bolğunçu — until dark
qaraŋı bolğanda elge jetdik — when it got dark we reached the village
şahar qaraŋığa bölendi — the city was plunged into darkness
tawda qaraŋı terk boladı — in the mountains it gets dark quickly
asırı qaraŋıdan juq körünmeydi — nothing can be seen because of the darkness

3. (adj.) ignorant, uneducated, backward, uncultured (fig.) — Said of people, outlooks and periods, not of places.

qaraŋı adam — an uneducated person
qaraŋı oyumla — backward views
anı atası qaraŋı kişi edi — their father was an uneducated man
qaraŋı adamla köb edile — there were many uneducated people
qaraŋı halqğa oquw kerekdi — an uneducated people needs schooling

4. (adj.) joyless, cheerless, bleak, grim (fig.) — Of life, days, moods and thoughts: qaraŋı jaşaw.

qaraŋı jaşaw — a bleak life
Soltannı künü qaraŋı edi — Soltan's days were bleak
amalsıznı künü qaraŋı — the helpless one's day is bleak

5. (adj.) remote, out-of-the-way, backwoods — Used of villages and places far from towns and roads.

qaraŋı el — a remote village
qaraŋı jer — an out-of-the-way place
qaraŋı elde ösgendi — they grew up in a remote village
ol qaraŋı jerde jaşaydı — they live in an out-of-the-way place
qaraŋı elge jol joqdu — there is no road to the remote village

Expressions

aç qaraŋı — on an empty stomach (Idiom)
qaraŋı adam — illiterate person (Idiom)
duniyasın qaraŋı eterge — ruin someone's life (Idiom)
eki duniyasın qaraŋı eterge — torment someone (Idiom)

As an adjective

Degrees and persons

Degrees and persons — qaraŋı
Degree	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
base form	qaraŋımaI am dark	qaraŋısayou are dark	qaraŋıdıhe is dark	qaraŋıbızwe are dark	qaraŋısızyou all are dark	qaraŋıdılathey are dark
comparative — more	qaraŋıraqmaI am darker	qaraŋıraqsayou are darker	qaraŋıraqdıhe is darker	qaraŋıraqbızwe are darker	qaraŋıraqsızyou all are darker	qaraŋıraqdılathey are darker
intensifier — very	bek qaraŋımaI am very dark	bek qaraŋısayou are very dark	bek qaraŋıdıhe is very dark	bek qaraŋıbızwe are very dark	bek qaraŋısızyou all are very dark	bek qaraŋıdılathey are very dark
superlative — most	em qaraŋımaI am the darkest	em qaraŋısayou are the darkest	em qaraŋıdıhe is the darkest	em qaraŋıbızwe are the darkest	em qaraŋısızyou all are the darkest	em qaraŋıdılathey are the darkest

To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden qaraŋıdı — "compared to me, he is dark."

Saying it about mine, yours, theirs

One thing

One thing — qaraŋı
Degree	menikimine	senikiyours	anıqıhis / hers	biznikiours	siznikiyours (pl.)	alanıqıtheirs
base form	meniki qaraŋıdımine is dark	seniki qaraŋıdıyours is dark	anıqı qaraŋıdıhis is dark	bizniki qaraŋıdıours is dark	sizniki qaraŋıdıyours (pl.) is dark	alanıqı qaraŋıdıtheirs is dark
comparative — more	meniki qaraŋıraqdımine is darker	seniki qaraŋıraqdıyours is darker	anıqı qaraŋıraqdıhis is darker	bizniki qaraŋıraqdıours is darker	sizniki qaraŋıraqdıyours (pl.) is darker	alanıqı qaraŋıraqdıtheirs is darker
intensifier — very	meniki bek qaraŋıdımine is very dark	seniki bek qaraŋıdıyours is very dark	anıqı bek qaraŋıdıhis is very dark	bizniki bek qaraŋıdıours is very dark	sizniki bek qaraŋıdıyours (pl.) is very dark	alanıqı bek qaraŋıdıtheirs is very dark
superlative — most	meniki em qaraŋıdımine is the darkest	seniki em qaraŋıdıyours is the darkest	anıqı em qaraŋıdıhis is the darkest	bizniki em qaraŋıdıours is the darkest	sizniki em qaraŋıdıyours (pl.) is the darkest	alanıqı em qaraŋıdıtheirs is the darkest

Several things

Several things — qaraŋı
Degree	menikilemine	senikileyours	anıqılahis / hers	biznikileours	siznikileyours (pl.)	alanıqılatheirs
base form	menikile qaraŋıdılamine are dark	senikile qaraŋıdılayours are dark	anıqıla qaraŋıdılahis are dark	biznikile qaraŋıdılaours are dark	siznikile qaraŋıdılayours (pl.) are dark	alanıqıla qaraŋıdılatheirs are dark
comparative — more	menikile qaraŋıraqdılamine are darker	senikile qaraŋıraqdılayours are darker	anıqıla qaraŋıraqdılahis are darker	biznikile qaraŋıraqdılaours are darker	siznikile qaraŋıraqdılayours (pl.) are darker	alanıqıla qaraŋıraqdılatheirs are darker
intensifier — very	menikile bek qaraŋıdılamine are very dark	senikile bek qaraŋıdılayours are very dark	anıqıla bek qaraŋıdılahis are very dark	biznikile bek qaraŋıdılaours are very dark	siznikile bek qaraŋıdılayours (pl.) are very dark	alanıqıla bek qaraŋıdılatheirs are very dark
superlative — most	menikile em qaraŋıdılamine are the darkest	senikile em qaraŋıdılayours are the darkest	anıqıla em qaraŋıdılahis are the darkest	biznikile em qaraŋıdılaours are the darkest	siznikile em qaraŋıdılayours (pl.) are the darkest	alanıqıla em qaraŋıdılatheirs are the darkest

Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu qaraŋıdı, bıla qaraŋıdıla. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".

As a noun

Cases and owners

Singular

Singular — cases of qaraŋı, plain and with an owner
Case	—plain	menimy	seniyour	anıhis / her	bizniour	sizniyou all's	alanıtheir
Nominative	qaraŋıthe darkness	qaraŋımmy darkness	qaraŋıŋyour darkness	qaraŋısıhis darkness	qaraŋıbızour darkness	qaraŋığızyou all's darkness	qaraŋılarıtheir darknesses
Genitive	qaraŋınıthe darkness'	qaraŋımımy darkness'	qaraŋıŋıyour darkness'	qaraŋısınıhis darkness'	qaraŋıbıznıour darkness'	qaraŋığıznıyou all's darkness'	qaraŋılarınıtheir darknesses'
Accusative	qaraŋınıthe darkness (as the object)	qaraŋımımy darkness (as the object)	qaraŋıŋıyour darkness (as the object)	qaraŋısınhis darkness (as the object)	qaraŋıbıznıour darkness (as the object)	qaraŋığıznıyou all's darkness (as the object)	qaraŋılarıntheir darknesses (as the object)
Dative	qaraŋığato the darkness	qaraŋımato my darkness	qaraŋıŋato your darkness	qaraŋısınato his darkness	qaraŋıbızğato our darkness	qaraŋığızğato you all's darkness	qaraŋılarınato their darknesses
Locative	qaraŋıdain / at the darkness	qaraŋımdain / at my darkness	qaraŋıŋdain / at your darkness	qaraŋısındain / at his darkness	qaraŋıbızdain / at our darkness	qaraŋığızdain / at you all's darkness	qaraŋılarındain / at their darknesses
Ablative	qaraŋıdanfrom the darkness	qaraŋımdanfrom my darkness	qaraŋıŋdanfrom your darkness	qaraŋısındanfrom his darkness	qaraŋıbızdanfrom our darkness	qaraŋığızdanfrom you all's darkness	qaraŋılarındanfrom their darknesses

Plural

Plural — cases of qaraŋı, plain and with an owner
Case	—plain	menimy	seniyour	anıhis / her	bizniour	sizniyou all's	alanıtheir
Nominative	qaraŋılathe darknesses	qaraŋılarımmy darknesses	qaraŋılarıŋyour darknesses	qaraŋılarıhis darknesses	qaraŋılarıbızour darknesses	qaraŋılarığızyou all's darknesses	qaraŋılarıtheir darknesses
Genitive	qaraŋılanıthe darknesses'	qaraŋılarımımy darknesses'	qaraŋılarıŋıyour darknesses'	qaraŋılarınıhis darknesses'	qaraŋılarıbıznıour darknesses'	qaraŋılarığıznıyou all's darknesses'	qaraŋılarınıtheir darknesses'
Accusative	qaraŋılanıthe darknesses (as the object)	qaraŋılarımımy darknesses (as the object)	qaraŋılarıŋıyour darknesses (as the object)	qaraŋılarınhis darknesses (as the object)	qaraŋılarıbıznıour darknesses (as the object)	qaraŋılarığıznıyou all's darknesses (as the object)	qaraŋılarıntheir darknesses (as the object)
Dative	qaraŋılağato the darknesses	qaraŋılarımato my darknesses	qaraŋılarıŋato your darknesses	qaraŋılarınato his darknesses	qaraŋılarıbızğato our darknesses	qaraŋılarığızğato you all's darknesses	qaraŋılarınato their darknesses
Locative	qaraŋıladain / at the darknesses	qaraŋılarımdain / at my darknesses	qaraŋılarıŋdain / at your darknesses	qaraŋılarındain / at his darknesses	qaraŋılarıbızdain / at our darknesses	qaraŋılarığızdain / at you all's darknesses	qaraŋılarındain / at their darknesses
Ablative	qaraŋıladanfrom the darknesses	qaraŋılarımdanfrom my darknesses	qaraŋılarıŋdanfrom your darknesses	qaraŋılarındanfrom his darknesses	qaraŋılarıbızdanfrom our darknesses	qaraŋılarığızdanfrom you all's darknesses	qaraŋılarındanfrom their darknesses

The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: qaraŋıları can mean "his / her darknesses", "their darkness", or "their darknesses" — context decides.

The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.