qışlarğa
/qɯʃlarʁa/
1. winter, spend the winter — Said especially of herders staying with their livestock at a winter camp.
- mal qoşda qışladıq — we wintered at the livestock camp
- biz tawda qışlağanbız — we wintered in the mountains
- tuwarla qıynalmay qışlağandıla — the cattle wintered without hardship
- bu qış elde qışlarıqbız — this winter we will winter in the village
- qayda qışlağanın da bilmeyme — I don't even know where he wintered
- qoşda qışlağanbız — we wintered at the shepherds' camp
- malla bla qışlarğa — to winter with the livestock
2. turn wintry, get cold (of the weather) — Used with hawa "weather" as subject. one source
- hawa qışlarğa jarawlu körünedi — the weather looks set to turn wintry
- hawa qışladı — the weather turned wintry
Expressions
- qayda qışlağanın bilmezge — know nothing about
Conjugation
Common forms
- qışlaydıhe is wintering
- qışladıhe wintered
- qışlağandıhe has wintered
- qışlarhe will winter
- qışlarıqdıhe is going to winter
- qışlay edihe was wintering
- qışlasaif he winters
- qışla!winter!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqışlaymaI am wintering | senqışlaysayou are wintering | olqışlaydıhe is wintering | bizqışlaybızwe are wintering | sizqışlaysızyou all are wintering | alaqışlaydılathey are wintering |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqışlamaymaI am not wintering | senqışlamaysayou are not wintering | olqışlamaydıhe is not wintering | bizqışlamaybızwe are not wintering | sizqışlamaysızyou all are not wintering | alaqışlamaydılathey are not wintering |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqışlaymamı? qışlaymıma?am I wintering? | senqışlaymısa?are you wintering? | olqışlaymıdı?is he wintering? | bizqışlaybızmı? qışlaymıbız?are we wintering? | sizqışlaymısız?are you all wintering? | alaqışlaymıdıla?are they wintering? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqışlamaymamı? qışlamaymıma?aren't I wintering? | senqışlamaymısa?aren't you wintering? | olqışlamaymıdı?isn't he wintering? | bizqışlamaybızmı? qışlamaymıbız?aren't we wintering? | sizqışlamaymısız?aren't you all wintering? | alaqışlamaymıdıla?aren't they wintering? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqışlawçanmaI usually winter | senqışlawçansayou usually winter | olqışlawçandıhe usually winters | bizqışlawçanbızwe usually winter | sizqışlawçansızyou all usually winter | alaqışlawçandılathey usually winter |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqışlamawçanmaI usually don't winter | senqışlamawçansayou usually don't winter | olqışlamawçandıhe usually doesn't winter | bizqışlamawçanbızwe usually don't winter | sizqışlamawçansızyou all usually don't winter | alaqışlamawçandılathey usually don't winter |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqışlawçanmamı? qışlawçanmıma?do I usually winter? | senqışlawçanmısa?do you usually winter? | olqışlawçanmıdı?does he usually winter? | bizqışlawçanbızmı? qışlawçanmıbız?do we usually winter? | sizqışlawçanmısız?do you all usually winter? | alaqışlawçanmıdıla?do they usually winter? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqışlamawçanmamı? qışlamawçanmıma?do I usually not winter? | senqışlamawçanmısa?do you usually not winter? | olqışlamawçanmıdı?does he usually not winter? | bizqışlamawçanbızmı? qışlamawçanmıbız?do we usually not winter? | sizqışlamawçanmısız?do you all usually not winter? | alaqışlamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not winter? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqışlabdıhe has wintered and remains so | alaqışlabdılathey have wintered and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqışlabmıdı?has he wintered? | alaqışlabmıdıla?have they wintered? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqışlab turamaI keep wintering | senqışlab turasayou keep wintering | olqışlab turadıhe keeps wintering | bizqışlab turabızwe keep wintering | sizqışlab turasızyou all keep wintering | alaqışlab turadılathey keep wintering |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqışlab turmaymaI don't keep wintering | senqışlab turmaysayou don't keep wintering | olqışlab turmaydıhe doesn't keep wintering | bizqışlab turmaybızwe don't keep wintering | sizqışlab turmaysızyou all don't keep wintering | alaqışlab turmaydılathey don't keep wintering |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqışlab turamamı? qışlab turamıma?do I keep wintering? | senqışlab turamısa?do you keep wintering? | olqışlab turamıdı?does he keep wintering? | bizqışlab turabızmı? qışlab turamıbız?do we keep wintering? | sizqışlab turamısız?do you all keep wintering? | alaqışlab turamıdıla?do they keep wintering? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqışlab turmaymamı? qışlab turmaymıma?don't I keep wintering? | senqışlab turmaymısa?don't you keep wintering? | olqışlab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep wintering? | bizqışlab turmaybızmı? qışlab turmaymıbız?don't we keep wintering? | sizqışlab turmaymısız?don't you all keep wintering? | alaqışlab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep wintering? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqışlay turamaI am in the middle of wintering | senqışlay turasayou are in the middle of wintering | olqışlay turadıhe is in the middle of wintering | bizqışlay turabızwe are in the middle of wintering | sizqışlay turasızyou all are in the middle of wintering | alaqışlay turadılathey are in the middle of wintering |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqışlay turmaymaI am not in the middle of wintering | senqışlay turmaysayou are not in the middle of wintering | olqışlay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of wintering | bizqışlay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of wintering | sizqışlay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of wintering | alaqışlay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of wintering |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqışlay turamamı? qışlay turamıma?am I in the middle of wintering? | senqışlay turamısa?are you in the middle of wintering? | olqışlay turamıdı?is he in the middle of wintering? | bizqışlay turabızmı? qışlay turamıbız?are we in the middle of wintering? | sizqışlay turamısız?are you all in the middle of wintering? | alaqışlay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of wintering? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqışlay turmaymamı? qışlay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of wintering? | senqışlay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of wintering? | olqışlay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of wintering? | bizqışlay turmaybızmı? qışlay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of wintering? | sizqışlay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of wintering? | alaqışlay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of wintering? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqışladımI wintered | senqışladıŋyou wintered | olqışladıhe wintered | bizqışladıqwe wintered | sizqışladığızyou all wintered | alaqışladılathey wintered |
| Simple past (definite) | menqışlamadımI didn't winter | senqışlamadıŋyou didn't winter | olqışlamadıhe didn't winter | bizqışlamadıqwe didn't winter | sizqışlamadığızyou all didn't winter | alaqışlamadılathey didn't winter |
| Simple past (definite) | menqışladımmı?did I winter? | senqışladıŋmı?did you winter? | olqışladımı?did he winter? | bizqışladıqmı?did we winter? | sizqışladığızmı?did you all winter? | alaqışladılamı?did they winter? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqışlamadımmı?didn't I winter? | senqışlamadıŋmı?didn't you winter? | olqışlamadımı?didn't he winter? | bizqışlamadıqmı?didn't we winter? | sizqışlamadığızmı?didn't you all winter? | alaqışlamadılamı?didn't they winter? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqışlağanmaI have wintered | senqışlağansayou have wintered | olqışlağandıhe has wintered | bizqışlağanbızwe have wintered | sizqışlağansızyou all have wintered | alaqışlağandılathey have wintered |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqışlamağanmaI haven't wintered | senqışlamağansayou haven't wintered | olqışlamağandıhe hasn't wintered | bizqışlamağanbızwe haven't wintered | sizqışlamağansızyou all haven't wintered | alaqışlamağandılathey haven't wintered |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqışlağanmamı? qışlağanmıma?have I wintered? | senqışlağanmısa?have you wintered? | olqışlağanmıdı?has he wintered? | bizqışlağanbızmı? qışlağanmıbız?have we wintered? | sizqışlağanmısız?have you all wintered? | alaqışlağanmıdıla?have they wintered? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqışlamağanmamı? qışlamağanmıma?haven't I wintered? | senqışlamağanmısa?haven't you wintered? | olqışlamağanmıdı?hasn't he wintered? | bizqışlamağanbızmı? qışlamağanmıbız?haven't we wintered? | sizqışlamağanmısız?haven't you all wintered? | alaqışlamağanmıdıla?haven't they wintered? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqışlab turdumI kept wintering | senqışlab turduŋyou kept wintering | olqışlab turduhe kept wintering | bizqışlab turduqwe kept wintering | sizqışlab turduğuzyou all kept wintering | alaqışlab turdulathey kept wintering |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqışlab turmadımI didn't keep wintering | senqışlab turmadıŋyou didn't keep wintering | olqışlab turmadıhe didn't keep wintering | bizqışlab turmadıqwe didn't keep wintering | sizqışlab turmadığızyou all didn't keep wintering | alaqışlab turmadılathey didn't keep wintering |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqışlarmaI will winter | senqışlarsayou will winter | olqışlarhe will winter | bizqışlarbızwe will winter | sizqışlarsızyou all will winter | alaqışlarlathey will winter |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqışlamazmaI won't winter | senqışlamazsayou won't winter | olqışlamazhe won't winter | bizqışlamazbızwe won't winter | sizqışlamazsızyou all won't winter | alaqışlamazlathey won't winter |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqışlarmamı? qışlarmıma?will I winter? | senqışlarmısa?will you winter? | olqışlarmı?will he winter? | bizqışlarbızmı? qışlarmıbız?will we winter? | sizqışlarmısız?will you all winter? | alaqışlarlamı? qışlarmıla?will they winter? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqışlamazmamı? qışlamazmıma?won't I winter? | senqışlamazmısa?won't you winter? | olqışlamazmı?won't he winter? | bizqışlamazbızmı? qışlamazmıbız?won't we winter? | sizqışlamazmısız?won't you all winter? | alaqışlamazlamı? qışlamazmıla?won't they winter? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqışlarıqmaI am going to winter | senqışlarıqsayou are going to winter | olqışlarıqdıhe is going to winter | bizqışlarıqbızwe are going to winter | sizqışlarıqsızyou all are going to winter | alaqışlarıqdılathey are going to winter |
| Definite future (future II) | menqışlarıq tülmeI am not going to winter | senqışlarıq tülseyou are not going to winter | olqışlarıq tüldühe is not going to winter | bizqışlarıq tülbüzwe are not going to winter | sizqışlarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to winter | alaqışlarıq tüldülethey are not going to winter |
| Definite future (future II) | menqışlarıqmamı? qışlarıqmıma?am I going to winter? | senqışlarıqmısa?are you going to winter? | olqışlarıqmıdı?is he going to winter? | bizqışlarıqbızmı? qışlarıqmıbız?are we going to winter? | sizqışlarıqmısız?are you all going to winter? | alaqışlarıqmıdıla?are they going to winter? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqışlarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to winter? | senqışlarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to winter? | olqışlarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to winter? | bizqışlarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to winter? | sizqışlarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to winter? | alaqışlarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to winter? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqışlağan edimqışlağanemI had wintered | senqışlağan ediŋqışlağaneŋyou had wintered | olqışlağan ediqışlağanedhe had wintered | bizqışlağan edikqışlağanekwe had wintered | sizqışlağan edigizqışlağanegizyou all had wintered | alaqışlağan edileqışlağanellethey had wintered |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqışlamağan edimqışlamağanemI hadn't wintered | senqışlamağan ediŋqışlamağaneŋyou hadn't wintered | olqışlamağan ediqışlamağanedhe hadn't wintered | bizqışlamağan edikqışlamağanekwe hadn't wintered | sizqışlamağan edigizqışlamağanegizyou all hadn't wintered | alaqışlamağan edileqışlamağanellethey hadn't wintered |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqışlay edimqışlayemI was wintering | senqışlay ediŋqışlayeŋyou were wintering | olqışlay ediqışlayedhe was wintering | bizqışlay edikqışlayekwe were wintering | sizqışlay edigizqışlayegizyou all were wintering | alaqışlay edileqışlayellethey were wintering |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqışlamay edimqışlamayemI wasn't wintering | senqışlamay ediŋqışlamayeŋyou weren't wintering | olqışlamay ediqışlamayedhe wasn't wintering | bizqışlamay edikqışlamayekwe weren't wintering | sizqışlamay edigizqışlamayegizyou all weren't wintering | alaqışlamay edileqışlamayellethey weren't wintering |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menqışlawçan edimqışlawçanemI used to winter | senqışlawçan ediŋqışlawçaneŋyou used to winter | olqışlawçan ediqışlawçanedhe used to winter | bizqışlawçan edikqışlawçanekwe used to winter | sizqışlawçan edigizqışlawçanegizyou all used to winter | alaqışlawçan edileqışlawçanellethey used to winter |
| Habitual past (used to) | menqışlamawçan edimqışlamawçanemI didn't use to winter | senqışlamawçan ediŋqışlamawçaneŋyou didn't use to winter | olqışlamawçan ediqışlamawçanedhe didn't use to winter | bizqışlamawçan edikqışlamawçanekwe didn't use to winter | sizqışlamawçan edigizqışlamawçanegizyou all didn't use to winter | alaqışlamawçan edileqışlamawçanellethey didn't use to winter |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqışlab edihe had wintered and remained so | alaqışlab edilethey had wintered and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqışlab tül edihe hadn't wintered | alaqışlab tül edilethey hadn't wintered | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqışlab tura edimqışlab turaemI had kept wintering | senqışlab tura ediŋqışlab turaeŋyou had kept wintering | olqışlab tura ediqışlab turaedhe had kept wintering | bizqışlab tura edikqışlab turaekwe had kept wintering | sizqışlab tura edigizqışlab turaegizyou all had kept wintering | alaqışlab tura edileqışlab turaellethey had kept wintering |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqışlab turmay edimqışlab turmayemI hadn't kept wintering | senqışlab turmay ediŋqışlab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept wintering | olqışlab turmay ediqışlab turmayedhe hadn't kept wintering | bizqışlab turmay edikqışlab turmayekwe hadn't kept wintering | sizqışlab turmay edigizqışlab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept wintering | alaqışlab turmay edileqışlab turmayellethey hadn't kept wintering |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqışlay tura edimqışlay turaemI was in the middle of wintering | senqışlay tura ediŋqışlay turaeŋyou were in the middle of wintering | olqışlay tura ediqışlay turaedhe was in the middle of wintering | bizqışlay tura edikqışlay turaekwe were in the middle of wintering | sizqışlay tura edigizqışlay turaegizyou all were in the middle of wintering | alaqışlay tura edileqışlay turaellethey were in the middle of wintering |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqışlay turmay edimqışlay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of wintering | senqışlay turmay ediŋqışlay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of wintering | olqışlay turmay ediqışlay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of wintering | bizqışlay turmay edikqışlay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of wintering | sizqışlay turmay edigizqışlay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of wintering | alaqışlay turmay edileqışlay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of wintering |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menqışlar edimqışlar emI would winter | senqışlar ediŋqışlar eŋyou would winter | olqışlar ediqışlar edhe would winter | bizqışlar edikqışlar ekwe would winter | sizqışlar edigizqışlar egizyou all would winter | alaqışlar edileqışlar ellethey would winter |
| Conditional result (would) | menqışlamaz edimqışlamaz emI wouldn't winter | senqışlamaz ediŋqışlamaz eŋyou wouldn't winter | olqışlamaz ediqışlamaz edhe wouldn't winter | bizqışlamaz edikqışlamaz ekwe wouldn't winter | sizqışlamaz edigizqışlamaz egizyou all wouldn't winter | alaqışlamaz edileqışlamaz ellethey wouldn't winter |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqışlarıq edimqışlarıq emI would have wintered | senqışlarıq ediŋqışlarıq eŋyou would have wintered | olqışlarıq ediqışlarıq edhe would have wintered | bizqışlarıq edikqışlarıq ekwe would have wintered | sizqışlarıq edigizqışlarıq egizyou all would have wintered | alaqışlarıq edileqışlarıq ellethey would have wintered |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqışlarıq tül edimqışlarıq tül emI wouldn't have wintered | senqışlarıq tül ediŋqışlarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have wintered | olqışlarıq tül ediqışlarıq tül edhe wouldn't have wintered | bizqışlarıq tül edikqışlarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have wintered | sizqışlarıq tül edigizqışlarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have wintered | alaqışlarıq tül edileqışlarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have wintered |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menqışlasamif I winter | senqışlasaŋif you winter | olqışlasaif he winters | bizqışlasaqif we winter | sizqışlasağızif you all winter | alaqışlasalaif they winter |
| Conditional | menqışlamasamif I don't winter | senqışlamasaŋif you don't winter | olqışlamasaif he doesn't winter | bizqışlamasaqif we don't winter | sizqışlamasağızif you all don't winter | alaqışlamasalaif they don't winter |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menqışlay esemif I am wintering | senqışlay eseŋif you are wintering | olqışlay eseif he is wintering | bizqışlay esekif we are wintering | sizqışlay esegizif you all are wintering | alaqışlay eseleif they are wintering |
| Conditional, present real | menqışlamay esemif I am not wintering | senqışlamay eseŋif you are not wintering | olqışlamay eseif he is not wintering | bizqışlamay esekif we are not wintering | sizqışlamay esegizif you all are not wintering | alaqışlamay eseleif they are not wintering |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqışlasam ediqışlasam edif only I wintered | senqışlasaŋ ediqışlasaŋ edif only you wintered | olqışlasa ediqışlasaedif only he wintered | bizqışlasaq ediqışlasaq edif only we wintered | sizqışlasağız ediqışlasağız edif only you all wintered | alaqışlasala ediqışlasalaedif only they wintered |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqışlamasam ediqışlamasam edif only I didn't winter | senqışlamasaŋ ediqışlamasaŋ edif only you didn't winter | olqışlamasa ediqışlamasaedif only he didn't winter | bizqışlamasaq ediqışlamasaq edif only we didn't winter | sizqışlamasağız ediqışlamasağız edif only you all didn't winter | alaqışlamasala ediqışlamasalaedif only they didn't winter |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menqışlab tursamif I carry on wintering | senqışlab tursaŋif you carry on wintering | olqışlab tursaif he carries on wintering | bizqışlab tursaqif we carry on wintering | sizqışlab tursağızif you all carry on wintering | alaqışlab tursalaif they carry on wintering |
| Durative conditional | menqışlab turmasamif I don't carry on wintering | senqışlab turmasaŋif you don't carry on wintering | olqışlab turmasaif he doesn't carry on wintering | bizqışlab turmasaqif we don't carry on wintering | sizqışlab turmasağızif you all don't carry on wintering | alaqışlab turmasalaif they don't carry on wintering |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menqışlab tura esemif I have kept wintering | senqışlab tura eseŋif you have kept wintering | olqışlab tura eseif he has kept wintering | bizqışlab tura esekif we have kept wintering | sizqışlab tura esegizif you all have kept wintering | alaqışlab tura eseleif they have kept wintering |
| Durative conditional, present real | menqışlab turmay esemif I haven't kept wintering | senqışlab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept wintering | olqışlab turmay eseif he hasn't kept wintering | bizqışlab turmay esekif we haven't kept wintering | sizqışlab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept wintering | alaqışlab turmay eseleif they haven't kept wintering |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menqışlay tursamif I keep wintering | senqışlay tursaŋif you keep wintering | olqışlay tursaif he keeps wintering | bizqışlay tursaqif we keep wintering | sizqışlay tursağızif you all keep wintering | alaqışlay tursalaif they keep wintering |
| Progressive conditional | menqışlamay tursamif I keep on not wintering | senqışlamay tursaŋif you keep on not wintering | olqışlamay tursaif he keeps on not wintering | bizqışlamay tursaqif we keep on not wintering | sizqışlamay tursağızif you all keep on not wintering | alaqışlamay tursalaif they keep on not wintering |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqışlay tura esemif I am in the middle of wintering | senqışlay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of wintering | olqışlay tura eseif he is in the middle of wintering | bizqışlay tura esekif we are in the middle of wintering | sizqışlay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of wintering | alaqışlay tura eseleif they are in the middle of wintering |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqışlamay tura esemif I keep on not wintering | senqışlamay tura eseŋif you keep on not wintering | olqışlamay tura eseif he keeps on not wintering | bizqışlamay tura esekif we keep on not wintering | sizqışlamay tura esegizif you all keep on not wintering | alaqışlamay tura eseleif they keep on not wintering |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqışladım esemif I wintered | senqışladıŋ eseŋif you wintered | olqışladı eseif he wintered | bizqışladıq esekif we wintered | sizqışladığız esegizif you all wintered | alaqışladıla eseleif they wintered |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqışlamadım esemif I didn't winter | senqışlamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't winter | olqışlamadı eseif he didn't winter | bizqışlamadıq esekif we didn't winter | sizqışlamadığız esegizif you all didn't winter | alaqışlamadıla eseleif they didn't winter |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menqışlağan esemif I did winter (indeed) | senqışlağan eseŋif you did winter (indeed) | olqışlağan eseif he did winter (indeed) | bizqışlağan esekif we did winter (indeed) | sizqışlağan esegizif you all did winter (indeed) | alaqışlağan eseleif they did winter (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menqışlamağan esemif I didn't winter (indeed) | senqışlamağan eseŋif you didn't winter (indeed) | olqışlamağan eseif he didn't winter (indeed) | bizqışlamağan esekif we didn't winter (indeed) | sizqışlamağan esegizif you all didn't winter (indeed) | alaqışlamağan eseleif they didn't winter (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqışlağan bolsamif I had wintered | senqışlağan bolsaŋif you had wintered | olqışlağan bolsaif he had wintered | bizqışlağan bolsaqif we had wintered | sizqışlağan bolsağızif you all had wintered | alaqışlağan bolsalaif they had wintered |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqışlamağan bolsamif I hadn't wintered | senqışlamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't wintered | olqışlamağan bolsaif he hadn't wintered | bizqışlamağan bolsaqif we hadn't wintered | sizqışlamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't wintered | alaqışlamağan bolsalaif they hadn't wintered |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqışlağan bolsam ediqışlağan bolsam edif only I had wintered | senqışlağan bolsaŋ ediqışlağan bolsaŋ edif only you had wintered | olqışlağan bolsa ediqışlağan bolsaedif only he had wintered | bizqışlağan bolsaq ediqışlağan bolsaq edif only we had wintered | sizqışlağan bolsağız ediqışlağan bolsağız edif only you all had wintered | alaqışlağan bolsala ediqışlağan bolsalaedif only they had wintered |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqışlamağan bolsam ediqışlamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't wintered | senqışlamağan bolsaŋ ediqışlamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't wintered | olqışlamağan bolsa ediqışlamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't wintered | bizqışlamağan bolsaq ediqışlamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't wintered | sizqışlamağan bolsağız ediqışlamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't wintered | alaqışlamağan bolsala ediqışlamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't wintered |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menqışlar esemif I will winter | senqışlar eseŋif you will winter | olqışlar eseif he will winter | bizqışlar esekif we will winter | sizqışlar esegizif you all will winter | alaqışlar eseleif they will winter |
| Conditional, aorist | menqışlamaz esemif I won't winter | senqışlamaz eseŋif you won't winter | olqışlamaz eseif he won't winter | bizqışlamaz esekif we won't winter | sizqışlamaz esegizif you all won't winter | alaqışlamaz eseleif they won't winter |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menqışlarıq esemif I am going to winter | senqışlarıq eseŋif you are going to winter | olqışlarıq eseif he is going to winter | bizqışlarıq esekif we are going to winter | sizqışlarıq esegizif you all are going to winter | alaqışlarıq eseleif they are going to winter |
| Conditional, future | menqışlarıq tül esemif I am not going to winter | senqışlarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to winter | olqışlarıq tül eseif he is not going to winter | bizqışlarıq tül esekif we are not going to winter | sizqışlarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to winter | alaqışlarıq tül eseleif they are not going to winter |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqışlarıq bolsamif I were going to winter | senqışlarıq bolsaŋif you were going to winter | olqışlarıq bolsaif he were going to winter | bizqışlarıq bolsaqif we were going to winter | sizqışlarıq bolsağızif you all were going to winter | alaqışlarıq bolsalaif they were going to winter |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqışlamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to winter | senqışlamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to winter | olqışlamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to winter | bizqışlamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to winter | sizqışlamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to winter | alaqışlamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to winter |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso qışladıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqışlay bolurmaI must be wintering | senqışlay bolursayou must be wintering | olqışlay bolurhe must be wintering | bizqışlay bolurbuzwe must be wintering | sizqışlay bolursuzyou all must be wintering | alaqışlay bolurlathey must be wintering |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqışlamay bolurmaI must not be wintering | senqışlamay bolursayou must not be wintering | olqışlamay bolurhe must not be wintering | bizqışlamay bolurbuzwe must not be wintering | sizqışlamay bolursuzyou all must not be wintering | alaqışlamay bolurlathey must not be wintering |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqışlay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of wintering | senqışlay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of wintering | olqışlay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of wintering | bizqışlay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of wintering | sizqışlay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of wintering | alaqışlay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of wintering |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqışlamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not wintering | senqışlamay tura bolursayou must keep on not wintering | olqışlamay tura bolurhe must keep on not wintering | bizqışlamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not wintering | sizqışlamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not wintering | alaqışlamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not wintering |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menqışlağan bolurmaI must have wintered | senqışlağan bolursayou must have wintered | olqışlağan bolurhe must have wintered | bizqışlağan bolurbuzwe must have wintered | sizqışlağan bolursuzyou all must have wintered | alaqışlağan bolurlathey must have wintered |
| Inference (must have) | menqışlamağan bolurmaI must not have wintered | senqışlamağan bolursayou must not have wintered | olqışlamağan bolurhe must not have wintered | bizqışlamağan bolurbuzwe must not have wintered | sizqışlamağan bolursuzyou all must not have wintered | alaqışlamağan bolurlathey must not have wintered |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqışlarıq bolurmaI must be going to winter | senqışlarıq bolursayou must be going to winter | olqışlarıq bolurhe must be going to winter | bizqışlarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to winter | sizqışlarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to winter | alaqışlarıq bolurlathey must be going to winter |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqışlamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to winter | senqışlamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to winter | olqışlamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to winter | bizqışlamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to winter | sizqışlamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to winter | alaqışlamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to winter |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menqışlayımlet me winter | senqışla!winter! | olqışlasınlet him winter | bizqışlayıqlet's winter | sizqışlağız!winter, you all! | alaqışlasınlalet them winter |
| Commands & suggestions | menqışlamayımlet me not winter | senqışlama!don't winter! | olqışlamasınlet him not winter | bizqışlamayıqlet's not winter | sizqışlamağız!don't winter, you all! | alaqışlamasınlalet them not winter |
| Commands & suggestions | menqışlayımmı?shall I winter? | olqışlasınmı?should he winter? | bizqışlayıqmı?shall we winter? | alaqışlasınlamı?should they winter? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menqışlamayımmı?shall I not winter? | olqışlamasınmı?should he not winter? | bizqışlamayıqmı?shall we not winter? | alaqışlamasınlamı?should they not winter? | ||
| Requests | senqışlaçı2qışlaçınplease winter | olqışlasınçıdo let him winter | sizqışlaçığızplease winter (plural/polite) | alaqışlasınlaçıdo let them winter | ||
| Requests | senqışlamaçı2qışlamaçınplease don't winter | olqışlamasınçıdo let him not winter | sizqışlamaçığızplease don't winter (plural/polite) | alaqışlamasınlaçıdo let them not winter | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqışlağınqışlağımay you winter | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqışlamağınqışlamağımay you not winter | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqışlağay edim qışlağa edimwould that I wintered | senqışlağay ediŋ qışlağa ediŋwould that you wintered | olqışlağay edi qışlağa ediwould that he wintered | bizqışlağay edik qışlağa edikwould that we wintered | sizqışlağay edigiz qışlağa edigizwould that you all wintered | alaqışlağay edile qışlağa edilewould that they wintered |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqışlamağay edim qışlamağa edimwould that I did not winter | senqışlamağay ediŋ qışlamağa ediŋwould that you did not winter | olqışlamağay edi qışlamağa ediwould that he did not winter | bizqışlamağay edik qışlamağa edikwould that we did not winter | sizqışlamağay edigiz qışlamağa edigizwould that you all did not winter | alaqışlamağay edile qışlamağa edilewould that they did not winter |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqışlamağa qoyayımqışlama qoyayımlet me allow someone to winter | senqışlamağa qoy!qışlama qoy!let someone winter! | olqışlamağa qoysunqışlama qoysunlet him allow someone to winter | bizqışlamağa qoyayıqqışlama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to winter | sizqışlamağa qoyuğuz!qışlama qoyuğuz!let someone winter, you all! | alaqışlamağa qoysunlaqışlama qoysunlalet them allow someone to winter |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqışlamağa qoymayımqışlama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to winter | senqışlamağa qoyma!qışlama qoyma!don't let someone winter! | olqışlamağa qoymasınqışlama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to winter | bizqışlamağa qoymayıqqışlama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to winter | sizqışlamağa qoymağız!qışlama qoymağız!don't let someone winter, you all! | alaqışlamağa qoymasınlaqışlama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to winter |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqışlamağa qoyayımmı?qışlama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to winter? | olqışlamağa qoysunmu?qışlama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to winter? | bizqışlamağa qoyayıqmı?qışlama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to winter? | alaqışlamağa qoysunlamı?qışlama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to winter? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqışlamağa qoymayımmı?qışlama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to winter? | olqışlamağa qoymasınmı?qışlama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to winter? | bizqışlamağa qoymayıqmı?qışlama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to winter? | alaqışlamağa qoymasınlamı?qışlama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to winter? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menqışlamağa qoyamaqışlama qoyamaI allow someone to winter | senqışlamağa qoyasaqışlama qoyasayou allow someone to winter | olqışlamağa qoyadıqışlama qoyadıhe allows someone to winter | bizqışlamağa qoyabızqışlama qoyabızwe allow someone to winter | sizqışlamağa qoyasızqışlama qoyasızyou all allow someone to winter | alaqışlamağa qoyadılaqışlama qoyadılathey allow someone to winter |
| Let someone… (present) | menqışlamağa qoymaymaqışlama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to winter | senqışlamağa qoymaysaqışlama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to winter | olqışlamağa qoymaydıqışlama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to winter | bizqışlamağa qoymaybızqışlama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to winter | sizqışlamağa qoymaysızqışlama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to winter | alaqışlamağa qoymaydılaqışlama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to winter |
| Let someone… (present) | menqışlamağa qoyamamı?qışlama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to winter? | senqışlamağa qoyamısa?qışlama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to winter? | olqışlamağa qoyamıdı?qışlama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to winter? | bizqışlamağa qoyabızmı?qışlama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to winter? | sizqışlamağa qoyamısız?qışlama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to winter? | alaqışlamağa qoyamıdıla?qışlama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to winter? |
| Let someone… (present) | menqışlamağa qoymaymamı?qışlama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to winter? | senqışlamağa qoymaymısa?qışlama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to winter? | olqışlamağa qoymaymıdı?qışlama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to winter? | bizqışlamağa qoymaybızmı?qışlama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to winter? | sizqışlamağa qoymaymısız?qışlama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to winter? | alaqışlamağa qoymaymıdıla?qışlama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to winter? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqışlamağa qoydumqışlama qoydumI allowed someone to winter | senqışlamağa qoyduŋqışlama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to winter | olqışlamağa qoyduqışlama qoyduhe allowed someone to winter | bizqışlamağa qoyduqqışlama qoyduqwe allowed someone to winter | sizqışlamağa qoyduğuzqışlama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to winter | alaqışlamağa qoydulaqışlama qoydulathey allowed someone to winter |
| Let someone… (past) | menqışlamağa qoymadımqışlama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to winter | senqışlamağa qoymadıŋqışlama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to winter | olqışlamağa qoymadıqışlama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to winter | bizqışlamağa qoymadıqqışlama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to winter | sizqışlamağa qoymadığızqışlama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to winter | alaqışlamağa qoymadılaqışlama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to winter |
| Let someone… (past) | menqışlamağa qoydummu?qışlama qoydummu?did I allow someone to winter? | senqışlamağa qoyduŋmu?qışlama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to winter? | olqışlamağa qoydumu?qışlama qoydumu?did he allow someone to winter? | bizqışlamağa qoyduqmu?qışlama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to winter? | sizqışlamağa qoyduğuzmu?qışlama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to winter? | alaqışlamağa qoydulamı?qışlama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to winter? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqışlamağa qoymadımmı?qışlama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to winter? | senqışlamağa qoymadıŋmı?qışlama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to winter? | olqışlamağa qoymadımı?qışlama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to winter? | bizqışlamağa qoymadıqmı?qışlama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to winter? | sizqışlamağa qoymadığızmı?qışlama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to winter? | alaqışlamağa qoymadılamı?qışlama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to winter? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
qışlayalırğa be able to winter · qışlayalmazğa be unable to winter
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menqışlayalamaI can winter | senqışlayalasayou can winter | olqışlayaladıhe can winter | bizqışlayalabızwe can winter | sizqışlayalasızyou all can winter | alaqışlayaladılathey can winter |
| Ability — present | menqışlayalmaymaI can't winter | senqışlayalmaysayou can't winter | olqışlayalmaydıhe can't winter | bizqışlayalmaybızwe can't winter | sizqışlayalmaysızyou all can't winter | alaqışlayalmaydılathey can't winter |
| Ability — present | menqışlayalamamı? qışlayalamıma?can I winter? | senqışlayalamısa?can you winter? | olqışlayalamıdı?can he winter? | bizqışlayalabızmı? qışlayalamıbız?can we winter? | sizqışlayalamısız?can you all winter? | alaqışlayalamıdıla?can they winter? |
| Ability — present | menqışlayalmaymamı? qışlayalmaymıma?can't I winter? | senqışlayalmaymısa?can't you winter? | olqışlayalmaymıdı?can't he winter? | bizqışlayalmaybızmı? qışlayalmaymıbız?can't we winter? | sizqışlayalmaymısız?can't you all winter? | alaqışlayalmaymıdıla?can't they winter? |
| Ability — if I can… | menqışlayalsamif I can winter | senqışlayalsaŋif you can winter | olqışlayalsaif he can winter | bizqışlayalsaqif we can winter | sizqışlayalsağızif you all can winter | alaqışlayalsalaif they can winter |
| Ability — if I can… | menqışlayalmasamif I can't winter | senqışlayalmasaŋif you can't winter | olqışlayalmasaif he can't winter | bizqışlayalmasaqif we can't winter | sizqışlayalmasağızif you all can't winter | alaqışlayalmasalaif they can't winter |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menqışlayaldımI was able to winter | senqışlayaldıŋyou were able to winter | olqışlayaldıhe was able to winter | bizqışlayaldıqwe were able to winter | sizqışlayaldığızyou all were able to winter | alaqışlayaldılathey were able to winter |
| Ability — simple past | menqışlayalmadımI could not winter | senqışlayalmadıŋyou could not winter | olqışlayalmadıhe could not winter | bizqışlayalmadıqwe could not winter | sizqışlayalmadığızyou all could not winter | alaqışlayalmadılathey could not winter |
| Ability — simple past | menqışlayaldımmı?was I able to winter? | senqışlayaldıŋmı?were you able to winter? | olqışlayaldımı?was he able to winter? | bizqışlayaldıqmı?were we able to winter? | sizqışlayaldığızmı?were you all able to winter? | alaqışlayaldılamı?were they able to winter? |
| Ability — simple past | menqışlayalmadımmı?couldn't I winter? | senqışlayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you winter? | olqışlayalmadımı?couldn't he winter? | bizqışlayalmadıqmı?couldn't we winter? | sizqışlayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all winter? | alaqışlayalmadılamı?couldn't they winter? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqışlayalğanmaI have been able to winter | senqışlayalğansayou have been able to winter | olqışlayalğandıhe has been able to winter | bizqışlayalğanbızwe have been able to winter | sizqışlayalğansızyou all have been able to winter | alaqışlayalğandılathey have been able to winter |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqışlayalmağanmaI haven't been able to winter | senqışlayalmağansayou haven't been able to winter | olqışlayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to winter | bizqışlayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to winter | sizqışlayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to winter | alaqışlayalmağandılathey haven't been able to winter |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqışlayalğanmamı? qışlayalğanmıma?have I been able to winter? | senqışlayalğanmısa?have you been able to winter? | olqışlayalğanmıdı?has he been able to winter? | bizqışlayalğanbızmı? qışlayalğanmıbız?have we been able to winter? | sizqışlayalğanmısız?have you all been able to winter? | alaqışlayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to winter? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqışlayalmağanmamı? qışlayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to winter? | senqışlayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to winter? | olqışlayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to winter? | bizqışlayalmağanbızmı? qışlayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to winter? | sizqışlayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to winter? | alaqışlayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to winter? |
| Ability — past perfect | menqışlayalğan edimqışlayalğanemI had been able to winter | senqışlayalğan ediŋqışlayalğaneŋyou had been able to winter | olqışlayalğan ediqışlayalğanedhe had been able to winter | bizqışlayalğan edikqışlayalğanekwe had been able to winter | sizqışlayalğan edigizqışlayalğanegizyou all had been able to winter | alaqışlayalğan edileqışlayalğanellethey had been able to winter |
| Ability — past perfect | menqışlayalmağan edimqışlayalmağanemI hadn't been able to winter | senqışlayalmağan ediŋqışlayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to winter | olqışlayalmağan ediqışlayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to winter | bizqışlayalmağan edikqışlayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to winter | sizqışlayalmağan edigizqışlayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to winter | alaqışlayalmağan edileqışlayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to winter |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menqışlayala edimqışlayalaemI could winter | senqışlayala ediŋqışlayalaeŋyou could winter | olqışlayala ediqışlayalaedhe could winter | bizqışlayala edikqışlayalaekwe could winter | sizqışlayala edigizqışlayalaegizyou all could winter | alaqışlayala edileqışlayalaellethey could winter |
| Ability — past background | menqışlayalmay edimqışlayalmayemI could not winter | senqışlayalmay ediŋqışlayalmayeŋyou could not winter | olqışlayalmay ediqışlayalmayedhe could not winter | bizqışlayalmay edikqışlayalmayekwe could not winter | sizqışlayalmay edigizqışlayalmayegizyou all could not winter | alaqışlayalmay edileqışlayalmayellethey could not winter |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menqışlayalırmaI will be able to winter | senqışlayalırsayou will be able to winter | olqışlayalırhe will be able to winter | bizqışlayalırbızwe will be able to winter | sizqışlayalırsızyou all will be able to winter | alaqışlayalırlathey will be able to winter |
| Ability — future I | menqışlayalmazmaI won't be able to winter | senqışlayalmazsayou won't be able to winter | olqışlayalmazhe won't be able to winter | bizqışlayalmazbızwe won't be able to winter | sizqışlayalmazsızyou all won't be able to winter | alaqışlayalmazlathey won't be able to winter |
| Ability — future I | menqışlayalırmamı? qışlayalırmıma?will I be able to winter? | senqışlayalırmısa?will you be able to winter? | olqışlayalırmı?will he be able to winter? | bizqışlayalırbızmı? qışlayalırmıbız?will we be able to winter? | sizqışlayalırmısız?will you all be able to winter? | alaqışlayalırlamı? qışlayalırmıla?will they be able to winter? |
| Ability — future I | menqışlayalmazmamı? qışlayalmazmıma?won't I be able to winter? | senqışlayalmazmısa?won't you be able to winter? | olqışlayalmazmı?won't he be able to winter? | bizqışlayalmazbızmı? qışlayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to winter? | sizqışlayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to winter? | alaqışlayalmazlamı? qışlayalmazmıla?won't they be able to winter? |
| Ability — future II | menqışlayallıqmaI am going to be able to winter | senqışlayallıqsayou are going to be able to winter | olqışlayallıqdıhe is going to be able to winter | bizqışlayallıqbızwe are going to be able to winter | sizqışlayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to winter | alaqışlayallıqdılathey are going to be able to winter |
| Ability — future II | menqışlayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to winter | senqışlayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to winter | olqışlayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to winter | bizqışlayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to winter | sizqışlayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to winter | alaqışlayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to winter |
| Ability — future II | menqışlayallıqmamı? qışlayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to winter? | senqışlayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to winter? | olqışlayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to winter? | bizqışlayallıqbızmı? qışlayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to winter? | sizqışlayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to winter? | alaqışlayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to winter? |
| Ability — future II | menqışlayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to winter? | senqışlayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to winter? | olqışlayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to winter? | bizqışlayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to winter? | sizqışlayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to winter? | alaqışlayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to winter? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqışlayalır edimqışlayalır emI would be able to winter | senqışlayalır ediŋqışlayalır eŋyou would be able to winter | olqışlayalır ediqışlayalır edhe would be able to winter | bizqışlayalır edikqışlayalır ekwe would be able to winter | sizqışlayalır edigizqışlayalır egizyou all would be able to winter | alaqışlayalır edileqışlayalır ellethey would be able to winter |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqışlayalmaz edimqışlayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to winter | senqışlayalmaz ediŋqışlayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to winter | olqışlayalmaz ediqışlayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to winter | bizqışlayalmaz edikqışlayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to winter | sizqışlayalmaz edigizqışlayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to winter | alaqışlayalmaz edileqışlayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to winter |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqışlayalğınqışlayalğımay you be able to winter | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqışlayalmağınqışlayalmağımay you not be able to winter | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menqışlarğa izleymeI want to winter | senqışlarğa izleyseyou want to winter | olqışlarğa izleydihe wants to winter | bizqışlarğa izleybizwe want to winter | sizqışlarğa izleysizyou all want to winter | alaqışlarğa izleydilethey want to winter |
| want to | menqışlarğa izlemeymeI do not want to winter | senqışlarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to winter | olqışlarğa izlemeydihe does not want to winter | bizqışlarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to winter | sizqışlarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to winter | alaqışlarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to winter |
| would like to | menqışlarğa süemeI would like to winter | senqışlarğa süeseyou would like to winter | olqışlarğa süedihe would like to winter | bizqışlarğa süebizwe would like to winter | sizqışlarğa süesizyou all would like to winter | alaqışlarğa süedilethey would like to winter |
| would like to | menqışlarğa süymeymeI would not like to winter | senqışlarğa süymeyseyou would not like to winter | olqışlarğa süymeydihe would not like to winter | bizqışlarğa süymeybizwe would not like to winter | sizqışlarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to winter | alaqışlarğa süymeydilethey would not like to winter |
| hope to | menqışlarğa umutlanamaI hope to winter | senqışlarğa umutlanasayou hope to winter | olqışlarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to winter | bizqışlarğa umutlanabızwe hope to winter | sizqışlarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to winter | alaqışlarğa umutlanadılathey hope to winter |
| hope to | menqışlarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to winter | senqışlarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to winter | olqışlarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to winter | bizqışlarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to winter | sizqışlarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to winter | alaqışlarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to winter |
| be about to | menqışlarğa deb turamaI am about to winter | senqışlarğa deb turasayou are about to winter | olqışlarğa deb turadıhe is about to winter | bizqışlarğa deb turabızwe are about to winter | sizqışlarğa deb turasızyou all are about to winter | alaqışlarğa deb turadılathey are about to winter |
| be about to | menqışlarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to winter | senqışlarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to winter | olqışlarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to winter | bizqışlarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to winter | sizqışlarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to winter | alaqışlarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to winter |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menqışlarğa kerekmeI need to winter | senqışlarğa kerekseyou need to winter | olqışlarğa kerekdihe needs to winter | bizqışlarğa kerekbizwe need to winter | sizqışlarğa kereksizyou all need to winter | alaqışlarğa kerekdilethey need to winter |
| need to | menqışlarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to winter | senqışlarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to winter | olqışlarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to winter | bizqışlarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to winter | sizqışlarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to winter | alaqışlarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to winter |
| have to | menmenŋe qışlarğa tüşediI have to winter | sensenŋe qışlarğa tüşediyou have to winter | olaŋa qışlarğa tüşedihe has to winter | bizbizge qışlarğa tüşediwe have to winter | sizsizge qışlarğa tüşediyou all have to winter | alaalağa qışlarğa tüşedithey have to winter |
| have to | menmenŋe qışlarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to winter | sensenŋe qışlarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to winter | olaŋa qışlarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to winter | bizbizge qışlarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to winter | sizsizge qışlarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to winter | alaalağa qışlarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to winter |
| be obliged to | menqışlarğa borçlumaI am obliged to winter | senqışlarğa borçlusayou are obliged to winter | olqışlarğa borçluduhe is obliged to winter | bizqışlarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to winter | sizqışlarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to winter | alaqışlarğa borçludulathey are obliged to winter |
| be obliged to | menqışlarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to winter | senqışlarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to winter | olqışlarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to winter | bizqışlarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to winter | sizqışlarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to winter | alaqışlarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to winter |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menqışlarğa madarım bardıI have a way to winter | senqışlarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to winter | olqışlarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to winter | bizqışlarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to winter | sizqışlarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to winter | alaqışlarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to winter |
| have a way to | menqışlarğa madarım joqduI have no way to winter | senqışlarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to winter | olqışlarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to winter | bizqışlarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to winter | sizqışlarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to winter | alaqışlarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to winter |
| be free to | menqışlarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to winter | senqışlarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to winter | olqışlarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to winter | bizqışlarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to winter | sizqışlarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to winter | alaqışlarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to winter |
| be free to | menqışlarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to winter | senqışlarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to winter | olqışlarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to winter | bizqışlarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to winter | sizqışlarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to winter | alaqışlarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to winter |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qışlarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to winter | sensenŋe qışlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to winter | olaŋa qışlarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to winter | bizbizge qışlarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to winter | sizsizge qışlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to winter | alaalağa qışlarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to winter |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qışlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to winter | sensenŋe qışlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to winter | olaŋa qışlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to winter | bizbizge qışlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to winter | sizsizge qışlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to winter | alaalağa qışlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to winter |
| be ready to | menqışlarğa hazırmaI am ready to winter | senqışlarğa hazırsayou are ready to winter | olqışlarğa hazırdıhe is ready to winter | bizqışlarğa hazırbızwe are ready to winter | sizqışlarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to winter | alaqışlarğa hazırdılathey are ready to winter |
| be ready to | menqışlarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to winter | senqışlarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to winter | olqışlarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to winter | bizqışlarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to winter | sizqışlarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to winter | alaqışlarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to winter |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menqışlarğa küreşemeI am trying to winter | senqışlarğa küreşeseyou are trying to winter | olqışlarğa küreşedihe is trying to winter | bizqışlarğa küreşebizwe are trying to winter | sizqışlarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to winter | alaqışlarğa küreşedilethey are trying to winter |
| try to | menqışlarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to winter | senqışlarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to winter | olqışlarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to winter | bizqışlarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to winter | sizqışlarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to winter | alaqışlarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to winter |
| agree to | menqışlarğa unaymaI agree to winter | senqışlarğa unaysayou agree to winter | olqışlarğa unaydıhe agrees to winter | bizqışlarğa unaybızwe agree to winter | sizqışlarğa unaysızyou all agree to winter | alaqışlarğa unaydılathey agree to winter |
| agree to | menqışlarğa unamaymaI refuse to winter | senqışlarğa unamaysayou refuse to winter | olqışlarğa unamaydıhe refuses to winter | bizqışlarğa unamaybızwe refuse to winter | sizqışlarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to winter | alaqışlarğa unamaydılathey refuse to winter |
| hurry to | menqışlarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to winter | senqışlarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to winter | olqışlarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to winter | bizqışlarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to winter | sizqışlarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to winter | alaqışlarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to winter |
| hurry to | menqışlarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to winter | senqışlarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to winter | olqışlarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to winter | bizqışlarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to winter | sizqışlarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to winter | alaqışlarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to winter |
| be afraid to | menqışlarğa qorqamaI am afraid to winter | senqışlarğa qorqasayou are afraid to winter | olqışlarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to winter | bizqışlarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to winter | sizqışlarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to winter | alaqışlarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to winter |
| be afraid to | menqışlarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to winter | senqışlarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to winter | olqışlarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to winter | bizqışlarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to winter | sizqışlarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to winter | alaqışlarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to winter |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menqışlay bolmazmaI can't be wintering | senqışlay bolmazsayou can't be wintering | olqışlay bolmazhe can't be wintering | bizqışlay bolmazbızwe can't be wintering | sizqışlay bolmazsızyou all can't be wintering | alaqışlay bolmazlathey can't be wintering |
| Inference, present — double negation | menqışlamay bolmazmaI must be wintering (emphatic) | senqışlamay bolmazsayou must be wintering (emphatic) | olqışlamay bolmazhe must be wintering (emphatic) | bizqışlamay bolmazbızwe must be wintering (emphatic) | sizqışlamay bolmazsızyou all must be wintering (emphatic) | alaqışlamay bolmazlathey must be wintering (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menqışlay turmasamif I don't keep wintering | senqışlay turmasaŋif you don't keep wintering | olqışlay turmasaif he doesn't keep wintering | bizqışlay turmasaqif we don't keep wintering | sizqışlay turmasağızif you all don't keep wintering | alaqışlay turmasalaif they don't keep wintering |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menqışlay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of wintering | senqışlay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of wintering | olqışlay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of wintering | bizqışlay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of wintering | sizqışlay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of wintering | alaqışlay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of wintering |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menqışlamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not wintering (emphatic) | senqışlamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not wintering (emphatic) | olqışlamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not wintering (emphatic) | bizqışlamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not wintering (emphatic) | sizqışlamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not wintering (emphatic) | alaqışlamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not wintering (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menqışlamay turamaI keep on not wintering | senqışlamay turasayou keep on not wintering | olqışlamay turadıhe keeps on not wintering | bizqışlamay turabızwe keep on not wintering | sizqışlamay turasızyou all keep on not wintering | alaqışlamay turadılathey keep on not wintering |
| Progressive — double negation | menqışlamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not wintering | senqışlamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not wintering | olqışlamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not wintering | bizqışlamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not wintering | sizqışlamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not wintering | alaqışlamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not wintering |
| Progressive — double negation | menqışlamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not wintering? | senqışlamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not wintering? | olqışlamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not wintering? | bizqışlamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not wintering? | sizqışlamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not wintering? | alaqışlamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not wintering? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menqışlağan bolmazmaI can't have wintered | senqışlağan bolmazsayou can't have wintered | olqışlağan bolmazhe can't have wintered | bizqışlağan bolmazbızwe can't have wintered | sizqışlağan bolmazsızyou all can't have wintered | alaqışlağan bolmazlathey can't have wintered |
| Inference — double negation | menqışlamağan bolmazmaI must have wintered (emphatic) | senqışlamağan bolmazsayou must have wintered (emphatic) | olqışlamağan bolmazhe must have wintered (emphatic) | bizqışlamağan bolmazbızwe must have wintered (emphatic) | sizqışlamağan bolmazsızyou all must have wintered (emphatic) | alaqışlamağan bolmazlathey must have wintered (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menqışlağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had wintered | senqışlağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had wintered | olqışlağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had wintered | bizqışlağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had wintered | sizqışlağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had wintered | alaqışlağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had wintered |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menqışlamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't wintered | senqışlamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't wintered | olqışlamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't wintered | bizqışlamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't wintered | sizqışlamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't wintered | alaqışlamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't wintered |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menqışlarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to winter | senqışlarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to winter | olqışlarıq bolmazhe can't be going to winter | bizqışlarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to winter | sizqışlarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to winter | alaqışlarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to winter |
| Inference, future — double negation | menqışlamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to winter (emphatic) | senqışlamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to winter (emphatic) | olqışlamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to winter (emphatic) | bizqışlamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to winter (emphatic) | sizqışlamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to winter (emphatic) | alaqışlamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to winter (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menqışlarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to winter | senqışlarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to winter | olqışlarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to winter | bizqışlarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to winter | sizqışlarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to winter | alaqışlarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to winter |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menqışlamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to winter | senqışlamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to winter | olqışlamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to winter | bizqışlamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to winter | sizqışlamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to winter | alaqışlamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to winter |