nürlenirge
/nyrlenirɡe/
1. shine, be radiant, give off light
- kün nürlenedi — the sun shines
- julduzla keçede nürlenedile — the stars are radiant at night
- ot nürlenedi — the fire gives off light
2. bloom, grow lovelier, light up — Often said of a person's face, as in beti nürlenŋendi (his face lit up, or he grew more handsome).
- beti nürlenŋendi — his face lit up
- beti nürlene başlağandı — his face began to light up
- qıznı beti nürlendi — the girl's face bloomed
- jaş nürlenŋendi — the lad has grown handsomer
Conjugation
Common forms
- nürlenedihe is shining
- nürlendihe shone
- nürlenŋendihe has shone
- nürlenirhe will shine
- nürlennikdihe is going to shine
- nürlene edihe was shining
- nürlenseif he shines
- nürlen!shine!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mennürlenemeI am shining | sennürleneseyou are shining | olnürlenedihe is shining | biznürlenebizwe are shining | siznürlenesizyou all are shining | alanürlenedilethey are shining |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mennürlenmeymeI am not shining | sennürlenmeyseyou are not shining | olnürlenmeydihe is not shining | biznürlenmeybizwe are not shining | siznürlenmeysizyou all are not shining | alanürlenmeydilethey are not shining |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mennürlenememi? nürlenemime?am I shining? | sennürlenemise?are you shining? | olnürlenemidi?is he shining? | biznürlenebizmi? nürlenemibiz?are we shining? | siznürlenemisiz?are you all shining? | alanürlenemidile?are they shining? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mennürlenmeymemi? nürlenmeymime?aren't I shining? | sennürlenmeymise?aren't you shining? | olnürlenmeymidi?isn't he shining? | biznürlenmeybizmi? nürlenmeymibiz?aren't we shining? | siznürlenmeymisiz?aren't you all shining? | alanürlenmeymidile?aren't they shining? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mennürleniwçenmeI usually shine | sennürleniwçenseyou usually shine | olnürleniwçendihe usually shines | biznürleniwçenbizwe usually shine | siznürleniwçensizyou all usually shine | alanürleniwçendilethey usually shine |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mennürlenmewçenmeI usually don't shine | sennürlenmewçenseyou usually don't shine | olnürlenmewçendihe usually doesn't shine | biznürlenmewçenbizwe usually don't shine | siznürlenmewçensizyou all usually don't shine | alanürlenmewçendilethey usually don't shine |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mennürleniwçenmemi? nürleniwçenmime?do I usually shine? | sennürleniwçenmise?do you usually shine? | olnürleniwçenmidi?does he usually shine? | biznürleniwçenbizmi? nürleniwçenmibiz?do we usually shine? | siznürleniwçenmisiz?do you all usually shine? | alanürleniwçenmidile?do they usually shine? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mennürlenmewçenmemi? nürlenmewçenmime?do I usually not shine? | sennürlenmewçenmise?do you usually not shine? | olnürlenmewçenmidi?does he usually not shine? | biznürlenmewçenbizmi? nürlenmewçenmibiz?do we usually not shine? | siznürlenmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not shine? | alanürlenmewçenmidile?do they usually not shine? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olnürlenibdihe has shone and remains so | alanürlenibdilethey have shone and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olnürlenibmidi?has he shone? | alanürlenibmidile?have they shone? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mennürlenib turamaI keep shining | sennürlenib turasayou keep shining | olnürlenib turadıhe keeps shining | biznürlenib turabızwe keep shining | siznürlenib turasızyou all keep shining | alanürlenib turadılathey keep shining |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mennürlenib turmaymaI don't keep shining | sennürlenib turmaysayou don't keep shining | olnürlenib turmaydıhe doesn't keep shining | biznürlenib turmaybızwe don't keep shining | siznürlenib turmaysızyou all don't keep shining | alanürlenib turmaydılathey don't keep shining |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mennürlenib turamamı? nürlenib turamıma?do I keep shining? | sennürlenib turamısa?do you keep shining? | olnürlenib turamıdı?does he keep shining? | biznürlenib turabızmı? nürlenib turamıbız?do we keep shining? | siznürlenib turamısız?do you all keep shining? | alanürlenib turamıdıla?do they keep shining? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mennürlenib turmaymamı? nürlenib turmaymıma?don't I keep shining? | sennürlenib turmaymısa?don't you keep shining? | olnürlenib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep shining? | biznürlenib turmaybızmı? nürlenib turmaymıbız?don't we keep shining? | siznürlenib turmaymısız?don't you all keep shining? | alanürlenib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep shining? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mennürlene turamaI am in the middle of shining | sennürlene turasayou are in the middle of shining | olnürlene turadıhe is in the middle of shining | biznürlene turabızwe are in the middle of shining | siznürlene turasızyou all are in the middle of shining | alanürlene turadılathey are in the middle of shining |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mennürlene turmaymaI am not in the middle of shining | sennürlene turmaysayou are not in the middle of shining | olnürlene turmaydıhe is not in the middle of shining | biznürlene turmaybızwe are not in the middle of shining | siznürlene turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of shining | alanürlene turmaydılathey are not in the middle of shining |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mennürlene turamamı? nürlene turamıma?am I in the middle of shining? | sennürlene turamısa?are you in the middle of shining? | olnürlene turamıdı?is he in the middle of shining? | biznürlene turabızmı? nürlene turamıbız?are we in the middle of shining? | siznürlene turamısız?are you all in the middle of shining? | alanürlene turamıdıla?are they in the middle of shining? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mennürlene turmaymamı? nürlene turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of shining? | sennürlene turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of shining? | olnürlene turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of shining? | biznürlene turmaybızmı? nürlene turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of shining? | siznürlene turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of shining? | alanürlene turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of shining? |
| Simple past (definite) | mennürlendimI shone | sennürlendiŋyou shone | olnürlendihe shone | biznürlendikwe shone | siznürlendigizyou all shone | alanürlendilethey shone |
| Simple past (definite) | mennürlenmedimI didn't shine | sennürlenmediŋyou didn't shine | olnürlenmedihe didn't shine | biznürlenmedikwe didn't shine | siznürlenmedigizyou all didn't shine | alanürlenmedilethey didn't shine |
| Simple past (definite) | mennürlendimmi?did I shine? | sennürlendiŋmi?did you shine? | olnürlendimi?did he shine? | biznürlendikmi?did we shine? | siznürlendigizmi?did you all shine? | alanürlendilemi?did they shine? |
| Simple past (definite) | mennürlenmedimmi?didn't I shine? | sennürlenmediŋmi?didn't you shine? | olnürlenmedimi?didn't he shine? | biznürlenmedikmi?didn't we shine? | siznürlenmedigizmi?didn't you all shine? | alanürlenmedilemi?didn't they shine? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mennürlenŋenmeI have shone | sennürlenŋenseyou have shone | olnürlenŋendihe has shone | biznürlenŋenbizwe have shone | siznürlenŋensizyou all have shone | alanürlenŋendilethey have shone |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mennürlenmegenmeI haven't shone | sennürlenmegenseyou haven't shone | olnürlenmegendihe hasn't shone | biznürlenmegenbizwe haven't shone | siznürlenmegensizyou all haven't shone | alanürlenmegendilethey haven't shone |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mennürlenŋenmemi? nürlenŋenmime?have I shone? | sennürlenŋenmise?have you shone? | olnürlenŋenmidi?has he shone? | biznürlenŋenbizmi? nürlenŋenmibiz?have we shone? | siznürlenŋenmisiz?have you all shone? | alanürlenŋenmidile?have they shone? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mennürlenmegenmemi? nürlenmegenmime?haven't I shone? | sennürlenmegenmise?haven't you shone? | olnürlenmegenmidi?hasn't he shone? | biznürlenmegenbizmi? nürlenmegenmibiz?haven't we shone? | siznürlenmegenmisiz?haven't you all shone? | alanürlenmegenmidile?haven't they shone? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mennürlenib turdumI kept shining | sennürlenib turduŋyou kept shining | olnürlenib turduhe kept shining | biznürlenib turduqwe kept shining | siznürlenib turduğuzyou all kept shining | alanürlenib turdulathey kept shining |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mennürlenib turmadımI didn't keep shining | sennürlenib turmadıŋyou didn't keep shining | olnürlenib turmadıhe didn't keep shining | biznürlenib turmadıqwe didn't keep shining | siznürlenib turmadığızyou all didn't keep shining | alanürlenib turmadılathey didn't keep shining |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mennürlenirmeI will shine | sennürlenirseyou will shine | olnürlenirhe will shine | biznürlenirbizwe will shine | siznürlenirsizyou all will shine | alanürlenirlethey will shine |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mennürlenmezmeI won't shine | sennürlenmezseyou won't shine | olnürlenmezhe won't shine | biznürlenmezbizwe won't shine | siznürlenmezsizyou all won't shine | alanürlenmezlethey won't shine |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mennürlenirmemi? nürlenirmime?will I shine? | sennürlenirmise?will you shine? | olnürlenirmi?will he shine? | biznürlenirbizmi? nürlenirmibiz?will we shine? | siznürlenirmisiz?will you all shine? | alanürlenirlemi? nürlenirmile?will they shine? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mennürlenmezmemi? nürlenmezmime?won't I shine? | sennürlenmezmise?won't you shine? | olnürlenmezmi?won't he shine? | biznürlenmezbizmi? nürlenmezmibiz?won't we shine? | siznürlenmezmisiz?won't you all shine? | alanürlenmezlemi? nürlenmezmile?won't they shine? |
| Definite future (future II) | mennürlennikme1nürlenirikmeI am going to shine | sennürlennikse1nürlenirikseyou are going to shine | olnürlennikdi1nürlenirikdihe is going to shine | biznürlennikbiz1nürlenirikbizwe are going to shine | siznürlenniksiz1nürleniriksizyou all are going to shine | alanürlennikdile1nürlenirikdilethey are going to shine |
| Definite future (future II) | mennürlennik tülme1nürlenirik tülmeI am not going to shine | sennürlennik tülse1nürlenirik tülseyou are not going to shine | olnürlennik tüldü1nürlenirik tüldühe is not going to shine | biznürlennik tülbüz1nürlenirik tülbüzwe are not going to shine | siznürlennik tülsüz1nürlenirik tülsüzyou all are not going to shine | alanürlennik tüldüle1nürlenirik tüldülethey are not going to shine |
| Definite future (future II) | mennürlennikmemi?1 nürlennikmime?nürlenirikmemi?am I going to shine? | sennürlennikmise?1nürlenirikmise?are you going to shine? | olnürlennikmidi?1nürlenirikmidi?is he going to shine? | biznürlennikbizmi?1 nürlennikmibiz?nürlenirikbizmi?are we going to shine? | siznürlennikmisiz?1nürlenirikmisiz?are you all going to shine? | alanürlennikmidile?1nürlenirikmidile?are they going to shine? |
| Definite future (future II) | mennürlennik tülmüme?1nürlenirik tülmüme?aren't I going to shine? | sennürlennik tülmüse?1nürlenirik tülmüse?aren't you going to shine? | olnürlennik tülmüdü?1nürlenirik tülmüdü?isn't he going to shine? | biznürlennik tülmübüz?1nürlenirik tülmübüz?aren't we going to shine? | siznürlennik tülmüsüz?1nürlenirik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to shine? | alanürlennik tülmüdüle?1nürlenirik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to shine? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so nürlenirikdi
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mennürlenŋen edimnürlenŋenemI had shone | sennürlenŋen ediŋnürlenŋeneŋyou had shone | olnürlenŋen edinürlenŋenedhe had shone | biznürlenŋen ediknürlenŋenekwe had shone | siznürlenŋen edigiznürlenŋenegizyou all had shone | alanürlenŋen edilenürlenŋenellethey had shone |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mennürlenmegen edimnürlenmegenemI hadn't shone | sennürlenmegen ediŋnürlenmegeneŋyou hadn't shone | olnürlenmegen edinürlenmegenedhe hadn't shone | biznürlenmegen ediknürlenmegenekwe hadn't shone | siznürlenmegen edigiznürlenmegenegizyou all hadn't shone | alanürlenmegen edilenürlenmegenellethey hadn't shone |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mennürlene edimnürlenemI was shining | sennürlene ediŋnürleneŋyou were shining | olnürlene edinürlenedhe was shining | biznürlene ediknürlenekwe were shining | siznürlene edigiznürlenegizyou all were shining | alanürlene edilenürlenellethey were shining |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mennürlenmey edimnürlenmeyemI wasn't shining | sennürlenmey ediŋnürlenmeyeŋyou weren't shining | olnürlenmey edinürlenmeyedhe wasn't shining | biznürlenmey ediknürlenmeyekwe weren't shining | siznürlenmey edigiznürlenmeyegizyou all weren't shining | alanürlenmey edilenürlenmeyellethey weren't shining |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mennürleniwçen edimnürleniwçenemI used to shine | sennürleniwçen ediŋnürleniwçeneŋyou used to shine | olnürleniwçen edinürleniwçenedhe used to shine | biznürleniwçen ediknürleniwçenekwe used to shine | siznürleniwçen edigiznürleniwçenegizyou all used to shine | alanürleniwçen edilenürleniwçenellethey used to shine |
| Habitual past (used to) | mennürlenmewçen edimnürlenmewçenemI didn't use to shine | sennürlenmewçen ediŋnürlenmewçeneŋyou didn't use to shine | olnürlenmewçen edinürlenmewçenedhe didn't use to shine | biznürlenmewçen ediknürlenmewçenekwe didn't use to shine | siznürlenmewçen edigiznürlenmewçenegizyou all didn't use to shine | alanürlenmewçen edilenürlenmewçenellethey didn't use to shine |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olnürlenib edihe had shone and remained so | alanürlenib edilethey had shone and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olnürlenib tül edihe hadn't shone | alanürlenib tül edilethey hadn't shone | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mennürlenib tura edimnürlenib turaemI had kept shining | sennürlenib tura ediŋnürlenib turaeŋyou had kept shining | olnürlenib tura edinürlenib turaedhe had kept shining | biznürlenib tura ediknürlenib turaekwe had kept shining | siznürlenib tura edigiznürlenib turaegizyou all had kept shining | alanürlenib tura edilenürlenib turaellethey had kept shining |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mennürlenib turmay edimnürlenib turmayemI hadn't kept shining | sennürlenib turmay ediŋnürlenib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept shining | olnürlenib turmay edinürlenib turmayedhe hadn't kept shining | biznürlenib turmay ediknürlenib turmayekwe hadn't kept shining | siznürlenib turmay edigiznürlenib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept shining | alanürlenib turmay edilenürlenib turmayellethey hadn't kept shining |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mennürlene tura edimnürlene turaemI was in the middle of shining | sennürlene tura ediŋnürlene turaeŋyou were in the middle of shining | olnürlene tura edinürlene turaedhe was in the middle of shining | biznürlene tura ediknürlene turaekwe were in the middle of shining | siznürlene tura edigiznürlene turaegizyou all were in the middle of shining | alanürlene tura edilenürlene turaellethey were in the middle of shining |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mennürlene turmay edimnürlene turmayemI wasn't in the middle of shining | sennürlene turmay ediŋnürlene turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of shining | olnürlene turmay edinürlene turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of shining | biznürlene turmay ediknürlene turmayekwe weren't in the middle of shining | siznürlene turmay edigiznürlene turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of shining | alanürlene turmay edilenürlene turmayellethey weren't in the middle of shining |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mennürlenir edimnürlenir emI would shine | sennürlenir ediŋnürlenir eŋyou would shine | olnürlenir edinürlenir edhe would shine | biznürlenir ediknürlenir ekwe would shine | siznürlenir edigiznürlenir egizyou all would shine | alanürlenir edilenürlenir ellethey would shine |
| Conditional result (would) | mennürlenmez edimnürlenmez emI wouldn't shine | sennürlenmez ediŋnürlenmez eŋyou wouldn't shine | olnürlenmez edinürlenmez edhe wouldn't shine | biznürlenmez ediknürlenmez ekwe wouldn't shine | siznürlenmez edigiznürlenmez egizyou all wouldn't shine | alanürlenmez edilenürlenmez ellethey wouldn't shine |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mennürlennik edim2nürlennik emnürlenirik edimI would have shone | sennürlennik ediŋ2nürlennik eŋnürlenirik ediŋyou would have shone | olnürlennik edi2nürlennik ednürlenirik edihe would have shone | biznürlennik edik2nürlennik eknürlenirik edikwe would have shone | siznürlennik edigiz2nürlennik egiznürlenirik edigizyou all would have shone | alanürlennik edile2nürlennik ellenürlenirik edilethey would have shone |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mennürlennik tül edim2nürlennik tül emnürlenirik tül edimI wouldn't have shone | sennürlennik tül ediŋ2nürlennik tül eŋnürlenirik tül ediŋyou wouldn't have shone | olnürlennik tül edi2nürlennik tül ednürlenirik tül edihe wouldn't have shone | biznürlennik tül edik2nürlennik tül eknürlenirik tül edikwe wouldn't have shone | siznürlennik tül edigiz2nürlennik tül egiznürlenirik tül edigizyou all wouldn't have shone | alanürlennik tül edile2nürlennik tül ellenürlenirik tül edilethey wouldn't have shone |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so nürlenirik edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mennürlensemif I shine | sennürlenseŋif you shine | olnürlenseif he shines | biznürlensekif we shine | siznürlensegizif you all shine | alanürlenseleif they shine |
| Conditional | mennürlenmesemif I don't shine | sennürlenmeseŋif you don't shine | olnürlenmeseif he doesn't shine | biznürlenmesekif we don't shine | siznürlenmesegizif you all don't shine | alanürlenmeseleif they don't shine |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mennürlene esemif I am shining | sennürlene eseŋif you are shining | olnürlene eseif he is shining | biznürlene esekif we are shining | siznürlene esegizif you all are shining | alanürlene eseleif they are shining |
| Conditional, present real | mennürlenmey esemif I am not shining | sennürlenmey eseŋif you are not shining | olnürlenmey eseif he is not shining | biznürlenmey esekif we are not shining | siznürlenmey esegizif you all are not shining | alanürlenmey eseleif they are not shining |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mennürlensem edinürlensem edif only I shone | sennürlenseŋ edinürlenseŋ edif only you shone | olnürlense edinürlensedif only he shone | biznürlensek edinürlensek edif only we shone | siznürlensegiz edinürlensegiz edif only you all shone | alanürlensele edinürlenseledif only they shone |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mennürlenmesem edinürlenmesem edif only I didn't shine | sennürlenmeseŋ edinürlenmeseŋ edif only you didn't shine | olnürlenmese edinürlenmesedif only he didn't shine | biznürlenmesek edinürlenmesek edif only we didn't shine | siznürlenmesegiz edinürlenmesegiz edif only you all didn't shine | alanürlenmesele edinürlenmeseledif only they didn't shine |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mennürlenib tursamif I carry on shining | sennürlenib tursaŋif you carry on shining | olnürlenib tursaif he carries on shining | biznürlenib tursaqif we carry on shining | siznürlenib tursağızif you all carry on shining | alanürlenib tursalaif they carry on shining |
| Durative conditional | mennürlenib turmasamif I don't carry on shining | sennürlenib turmasaŋif you don't carry on shining | olnürlenib turmasaif he doesn't carry on shining | biznürlenib turmasaqif we don't carry on shining | siznürlenib turmasağızif you all don't carry on shining | alanürlenib turmasalaif they don't carry on shining |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mennürlenib tura esemif I have kept shining | sennürlenib tura eseŋif you have kept shining | olnürlenib tura eseif he has kept shining | biznürlenib tura esekif we have kept shining | siznürlenib tura esegizif you all have kept shining | alanürlenib tura eseleif they have kept shining |
| Durative conditional, present real | mennürlenib turmay esemif I haven't kept shining | sennürlenib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept shining | olnürlenib turmay eseif he hasn't kept shining | biznürlenib turmay esekif we haven't kept shining | siznürlenib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept shining | alanürlenib turmay eseleif they haven't kept shining |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mennürlene tursamif I keep shining | sennürlene tursaŋif you keep shining | olnürlene tursaif he keeps shining | biznürlene tursaqif we keep shining | siznürlene tursağızif you all keep shining | alanürlene tursalaif they keep shining |
| Progressive conditional | mennürlenmey tursamif I keep on not shining | sennürlenmey tursaŋif you keep on not shining | olnürlenmey tursaif he keeps on not shining | biznürlenmey tursaqif we keep on not shining | siznürlenmey tursağızif you all keep on not shining | alanürlenmey tursalaif they keep on not shining |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mennürlene tura esemif I am in the middle of shining | sennürlene tura eseŋif you are in the middle of shining | olnürlene tura eseif he is in the middle of shining | biznürlene tura esekif we are in the middle of shining | siznürlene tura esegizif you all are in the middle of shining | alanürlene tura eseleif they are in the middle of shining |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mennürlenmey tura esemif I keep on not shining | sennürlenmey tura eseŋif you keep on not shining | olnürlenmey tura eseif he keeps on not shining | biznürlenmey tura esekif we keep on not shining | siznürlenmey tura esegizif you all keep on not shining | alanürlenmey tura eseleif they keep on not shining |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | mennürlendim esemif I shone | sennürlendiŋ eseŋif you shone | olnürlendi eseif he shone | biznürlendik esekif we shone | siznürlendigiz esegizif you all shone | alanürlendile eseleif they shone |
| Conditional, definite past3 | mennürlenmedim esemif I didn't shine | sennürlenmediŋ eseŋif you didn't shine | olnürlenmedi eseif he didn't shine | biznürlenmedik esekif we didn't shine | siznürlenmedigiz esegizif you all didn't shine | alanürlenmedile eseleif they didn't shine |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mennürlenŋen esemif I did shine (indeed) | sennürlenŋen eseŋif you did shine (indeed) | olnürlenŋen eseif he did shine (indeed) | biznürlenŋen esekif we did shine (indeed) | siznürlenŋen esegizif you all did shine (indeed) | alanürlenŋen eseleif they did shine (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mennürlenmegen esemif I didn't shine (indeed) | sennürlenmegen eseŋif you didn't shine (indeed) | olnürlenmegen eseif he didn't shine (indeed) | biznürlenmegen esekif we didn't shine (indeed) | siznürlenmegen esegizif you all didn't shine (indeed) | alanürlenmegen eseleif they didn't shine (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mennürlenŋen bolsamif I had shone | sennürlenŋen bolsaŋif you had shone | olnürlenŋen bolsaif he had shone | biznürlenŋen bolsaqif we had shone | siznürlenŋen bolsağızif you all had shone | alanürlenŋen bolsalaif they had shone |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mennürlenmegen bolsamif I hadn't shone | sennürlenmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't shone | olnürlenmegen bolsaif he hadn't shone | biznürlenmegen bolsaqif we hadn't shone | siznürlenmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't shone | alanürlenmegen bolsalaif they hadn't shone |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mennürlenŋen bolsam edinürlenŋen bolsam edif only I had shone | sennürlenŋen bolsaŋ edinürlenŋen bolsaŋ edif only you had shone | olnürlenŋen bolsa edinürlenŋen bolsaedif only he had shone | biznürlenŋen bolsaq edinürlenŋen bolsaq edif only we had shone | siznürlenŋen bolsağız edinürlenŋen bolsağız edif only you all had shone | alanürlenŋen bolsala edinürlenŋen bolsalaedif only they had shone |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mennürlenmegen bolsam edinürlenmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't shone | sennürlenmegen bolsaŋ edinürlenmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't shone | olnürlenmegen bolsa edinürlenmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't shone | biznürlenmegen bolsaq edinürlenmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't shone | siznürlenmegen bolsağız edinürlenmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't shone | alanürlenmegen bolsala edinürlenmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't shone |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mennürlenir esemif I will shine | sennürlenir eseŋif you will shine | olnürlenir eseif he will shine | biznürlenir esekif we will shine | siznürlenir esegizif you all will shine | alanürlenir eseleif they will shine |
| Conditional, aorist | mennürlenmez esemif I won't shine | sennürlenmez eseŋif you won't shine | olnürlenmez eseif he won't shine | biznürlenmez esekif we won't shine | siznürlenmez esegizif you all won't shine | alanürlenmez eseleif they won't shine |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mennürlennik esem4nürlenirik esemif I am going to shine | sennürlennik eseŋ4nürlenirik eseŋif you are going to shine | olnürlennik ese4nürlenirik eseif he is going to shine | biznürlennik esek4nürlenirik esekif we are going to shine | siznürlennik esegiz4nürlenirik esegizif you all are going to shine | alanürlennik esele4nürlenirik eseleif they are going to shine |
| Conditional, future | mennürlennik tül esem4nürlenirik tül esemif I am not going to shine | sennürlennik tül eseŋ4nürlenirik tül eseŋif you are not going to shine | olnürlennik tül ese4nürlenirik tül eseif he is not going to shine | biznürlennik tül esek4nürlenirik tül esekif we are not going to shine | siznürlennik tül esegiz4nürlenirik tül esegizif you all are not going to shine | alanürlennik tül esele4nürlenirik tül eseleif they are not going to shine |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mennürlennik bolsam5nürlenirik bolsamif I were going to shine | sennürlennik bolsaŋ5nürlenirik bolsaŋif you were going to shine | olnürlennik bolsa5nürlenirik bolsaif he were going to shine | biznürlennik bolsaq5nürlenirik bolsaqif we were going to shine | siznürlennik bolsağız5nürlenirik bolsağızif you all were going to shine | alanürlennik bolsala5nürlenirik bolsalaif they were going to shine |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mennürlenmezlik bolsamif I were not going to shine | sennürlenmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to shine | olnürlenmezlik bolsaif he were not going to shine | biznürlenmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to shine | siznürlenmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to shine | alanürlenmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to shine |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso nürlendiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so nürlenirik ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so nürlenirik bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mennürlene bolurmaI must be shining | sennürlene bolursayou must be shining | olnürlene bolurhe must be shining | biznürlene bolurbuzwe must be shining | siznürlene bolursuzyou all must be shining | alanürlene bolurlathey must be shining |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mennürlenmey bolurmaI must not be shining | sennürlenmey bolursayou must not be shining | olnürlenmey bolurhe must not be shining | biznürlenmey bolurbuzwe must not be shining | siznürlenmey bolursuzyou all must not be shining | alanürlenmey bolurlathey must not be shining |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mennürlene tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of shining | sennürlene tura bolursayou must be in the middle of shining | olnürlene tura bolurhe must be in the middle of shining | biznürlene tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of shining | siznürlene tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of shining | alanürlene tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of shining |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mennürlenmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not shining | sennürlenmey tura bolursayou must keep on not shining | olnürlenmey tura bolurhe must keep on not shining | biznürlenmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not shining | siznürlenmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not shining | alanürlenmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not shining |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mennürlenŋen bolurmaI must have shone | sennürlenŋen bolursayou must have shone | olnürlenŋen bolurhe must have shone | biznürlenŋen bolurbuzwe must have shone | siznürlenŋen bolursuzyou all must have shone | alanürlenŋen bolurlathey must have shone |
| Inference (must have) | mennürlenmegen bolurmaI must not have shone | sennürlenmegen bolursayou must not have shone | olnürlenmegen bolurhe must not have shone | biznürlenmegen bolurbuzwe must not have shone | siznürlenmegen bolursuzyou all must not have shone | alanürlenmegen bolurlathey must not have shone |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mennürlennik bolurma6nürlenirik bolurmaI must be going to shine | sennürlennik bolursa6nürlenirik bolursayou must be going to shine | olnürlennik bolur6nürlenirik bolurhe must be going to shine | biznürlennik bolurbuz6nürlenirik bolurbuzwe must be going to shine | siznürlennik bolursuz6nürlenirik bolursuzyou all must be going to shine | alanürlennik bolurla6nürlenirik bolurlathey must be going to shine |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mennürlenmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to shine | sennürlenmezlik bolursayou must not be going to shine | olnürlenmezlik bolurhe must not be going to shine | biznürlenmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to shine | siznürlenmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to shine | alanürlenmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to shine |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so nürlenirik bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mennürleneyimlet me shine | sennürlen!shine! | olnürlensinlet him shine | biznürleneyiklet's shine | siznürlenigiz!shine, you all! | alanürlensinlelet them shine |
| Commands & suggestions | mennürlenmeyimlet me not shine | sennürlenme!don't shine! | olnürlenmesinlet him not shine | biznürlenmeyiklet's not shine | siznürlenmegiz!don't shine, you all! | alanürlenmesinlelet them not shine |
| Commands & suggestions | mennürleneyimmi?shall I shine? | olnürlensinmi?should he shine? | biznürleneyikmi?shall we shine? | alanürlensinlemi?should they shine? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mennürlenmeyimmi?shall I not shine? | olnürlenmesinmi?should he not shine? | biznürlenmeyikmi?shall we not shine? | alanürlenmesinlemi?should they not shine? | ||
| Requests | sennürlençi7nürlençinplease shine | olnürlensinçido let him shine | siznürlençigizplease shine (plural/polite) | alanürlensinleçido let them shine | ||
| Requests | sennürlenmeçi7nürlenmeçinplease don't shine | olnürlenmesinçido let him not shine | siznürlenmeçigizplease don't shine (plural/polite) | alanürlenmesinleçido let them not shine | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sennürlenŋinnürlenŋimay you shine | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sennürlenmeginnürlenmegimay you not shine | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mennürlenŋey edim nürlenŋe edimwould that I shone | sennürlenŋey ediŋ nürlenŋe ediŋwould that you shone | olnürlenŋey edi nürlenŋe ediwould that he shone | biznürlenŋey edik nürlenŋe edikwould that we shone | siznürlenŋey edigiz nürlenŋe edigizwould that you all shone | alanürlenŋey edile nürlenŋe edilewould that they shone |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mennürlenmegey edim nürlenmege edimwould that I did not shine | sennürlenmegey ediŋ nürlenmege ediŋwould that you did not shine | olnürlenmegey edi nürlenmege ediwould that he did not shine | biznürlenmegey edik nürlenmege edikwould that we did not shine | siznürlenmegey edigiz nürlenmege edigizwould that you all did not shine | alanürlenmegey edile nürlenmege edilewould that they did not shine |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mennürlenmege qoyayımnürlenme qoyayımlet me allow someone to shine | sennürlenmege qoy!nürlenme qoy!let someone shine! | olnürlenmege qoysunnürlenme qoysunlet him allow someone to shine | biznürlenmege qoyayıqnürlenme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to shine | siznürlenmege qoyuğuz!nürlenme qoyuğuz!let someone shine, you all! | alanürlenmege qoysunlanürlenme qoysunlalet them allow someone to shine |
| Let someone… (commands) | mennürlenmege qoymayımnürlenme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to shine | sennürlenmege qoyma!nürlenme qoyma!don't let someone shine! | olnürlenmege qoymasınnürlenme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to shine | biznürlenmege qoymayıqnürlenme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to shine | siznürlenmege qoymağız!nürlenme qoymağız!don't let someone shine, you all! | alanürlenmege qoymasınlanürlenme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to shine |
| Let someone… (commands) | mennürlenmege qoyayımmı?nürlenme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to shine? | olnürlenmege qoysunmu?nürlenme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to shine? | biznürlenmege qoyayıqmı?nürlenme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to shine? | alanürlenmege qoysunlamı?nürlenme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to shine? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mennürlenmege qoymayımmı?nürlenme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to shine? | olnürlenmege qoymasınmı?nürlenme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to shine? | biznürlenmege qoymayıqmı?nürlenme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to shine? | alanürlenmege qoymasınlamı?nürlenme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to shine? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mennürlenmege qoyamanürlenme qoyamaI allow someone to shine | sennürlenmege qoyasanürlenme qoyasayou allow someone to shine | olnürlenmege qoyadınürlenme qoyadıhe allows someone to shine | biznürlenmege qoyabıznürlenme qoyabızwe allow someone to shine | siznürlenmege qoyasıznürlenme qoyasızyou all allow someone to shine | alanürlenmege qoyadılanürlenme qoyadılathey allow someone to shine |
| Let someone… (present) | mennürlenmege qoymaymanürlenme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to shine | sennürlenmege qoymaysanürlenme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to shine | olnürlenmege qoymaydınürlenme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to shine | biznürlenmege qoymaybıznürlenme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to shine | siznürlenmege qoymaysıznürlenme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to shine | alanürlenmege qoymaydılanürlenme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to shine |
| Let someone… (present) | mennürlenmege qoyamamı?nürlenme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to shine? | sennürlenmege qoyamısa?nürlenme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to shine? | olnürlenmege qoyamıdı?nürlenme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to shine? | biznürlenmege qoyabızmı?nürlenme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to shine? | siznürlenmege qoyamısız?nürlenme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to shine? | alanürlenmege qoyamıdıla?nürlenme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to shine? |
| Let someone… (present) | mennürlenmege qoymaymamı?nürlenme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to shine? | sennürlenmege qoymaymısa?nürlenme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to shine? | olnürlenmege qoymaymıdı?nürlenme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to shine? | biznürlenmege qoymaybızmı?nürlenme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to shine? | siznürlenmege qoymaymısız?nürlenme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to shine? | alanürlenmege qoymaymıdıla?nürlenme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to shine? |
| Let someone… (past) | mennürlenmege qoydumnürlenme qoydumI allowed someone to shine | sennürlenmege qoyduŋnürlenme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to shine | olnürlenmege qoydunürlenme qoyduhe allowed someone to shine | biznürlenmege qoyduqnürlenme qoyduqwe allowed someone to shine | siznürlenmege qoyduğuznürlenme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to shine | alanürlenmege qoydulanürlenme qoydulathey allowed someone to shine |
| Let someone… (past) | mennürlenmege qoymadımnürlenme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to shine | sennürlenmege qoymadıŋnürlenme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to shine | olnürlenmege qoymadınürlenme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to shine | biznürlenmege qoymadıqnürlenme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to shine | siznürlenmege qoymadığıznürlenme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to shine | alanürlenmege qoymadılanürlenme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to shine |
| Let someone… (past) | mennürlenmege qoydummu?nürlenme qoydummu?did I allow someone to shine? | sennürlenmege qoyduŋmu?nürlenme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to shine? | olnürlenmege qoydumu?nürlenme qoydumu?did he allow someone to shine? | biznürlenmege qoyduqmu?nürlenme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to shine? | siznürlenmege qoyduğuzmu?nürlenme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to shine? | alanürlenmege qoydulamı?nürlenme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to shine? |
| Let someone… (past) | mennürlenmege qoymadımmı?nürlenme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to shine? | sennürlenmege qoymadıŋmı?nürlenme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to shine? | olnürlenmege qoymadımı?nürlenme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to shine? | biznürlenmege qoymadıqmı?nürlenme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to shine? | siznürlenmege qoymadığızmı?nürlenme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to shine? | alanürlenmege qoymadılamı?nürlenme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to shine? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
nürlenalırğa be able to shine · nürlenalmazğa be unable to shine
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mennürlenalamaI can shine | sennürlenalasayou can shine | olnürlenaladıhe can shine | biznürlenalabızwe can shine | siznürlenalasızyou all can shine | alanürlenaladılathey can shine |
| Ability — present | mennürlenalmaymaI can't shine | sennürlenalmaysayou can't shine | olnürlenalmaydıhe can't shine | biznürlenalmaybızwe can't shine | siznürlenalmaysızyou all can't shine | alanürlenalmaydılathey can't shine |
| Ability — present | mennürlenalamamı? nürlenalamıma?can I shine? | sennürlenalamısa?can you shine? | olnürlenalamıdı?can he shine? | biznürlenalabızmı? nürlenalamıbız?can we shine? | siznürlenalamısız?can you all shine? | alanürlenalamıdıla?can they shine? |
| Ability — present | mennürlenalmaymamı? nürlenalmaymıma?can't I shine? | sennürlenalmaymısa?can't you shine? | olnürlenalmaymıdı?can't he shine? | biznürlenalmaybızmı? nürlenalmaymıbız?can't we shine? | siznürlenalmaymısız?can't you all shine? | alanürlenalmaymıdıla?can't they shine? |
| Ability — if I can… | mennürlenalsamif I can shine | sennürlenalsaŋif you can shine | olnürlenalsaif he can shine | biznürlenalsaqif we can shine | siznürlenalsağızif you all can shine | alanürlenalsalaif they can shine |
| Ability — if I can… | mennürlenalmasamif I can't shine | sennürlenalmasaŋif you can't shine | olnürlenalmasaif he can't shine | biznürlenalmasaqif we can't shine | siznürlenalmasağızif you all can't shine | alanürlenalmasalaif they can't shine |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mennürlenaldımI was able to shine | sennürlenaldıŋyou were able to shine | olnürlenaldıhe was able to shine | biznürlenaldıqwe were able to shine | siznürlenaldığızyou all were able to shine | alanürlenaldılathey were able to shine |
| Ability — simple past | mennürlenalmadımI could not shine | sennürlenalmadıŋyou could not shine | olnürlenalmadıhe could not shine | biznürlenalmadıqwe could not shine | siznürlenalmadığızyou all could not shine | alanürlenalmadılathey could not shine |
| Ability — simple past | mennürlenaldımmı?was I able to shine? | sennürlenaldıŋmı?were you able to shine? | olnürlenaldımı?was he able to shine? | biznürlenaldıqmı?were we able to shine? | siznürlenaldığızmı?were you all able to shine? | alanürlenaldılamı?were they able to shine? |
| Ability — simple past | mennürlenalmadımmı?couldn't I shine? | sennürlenalmadıŋmı?couldn't you shine? | olnürlenalmadımı?couldn't he shine? | biznürlenalmadıqmı?couldn't we shine? | siznürlenalmadığızmı?couldn't you all shine? | alanürlenalmadılamı?couldn't they shine? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mennürlenalğanmaI have been able to shine | sennürlenalğansayou have been able to shine | olnürlenalğandıhe has been able to shine | biznürlenalğanbızwe have been able to shine | siznürlenalğansızyou all have been able to shine | alanürlenalğandılathey have been able to shine |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mennürlenalmağanmaI haven't been able to shine | sennürlenalmağansayou haven't been able to shine | olnürlenalmağandıhe hasn't been able to shine | biznürlenalmağanbızwe haven't been able to shine | siznürlenalmağansızyou all haven't been able to shine | alanürlenalmağandılathey haven't been able to shine |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mennürlenalğanmamı? nürlenalğanmıma?have I been able to shine? | sennürlenalğanmısa?have you been able to shine? | olnürlenalğanmıdı?has he been able to shine? | biznürlenalğanbızmı? nürlenalğanmıbız?have we been able to shine? | siznürlenalğanmısız?have you all been able to shine? | alanürlenalğanmıdıla?have they been able to shine? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mennürlenalmağanmamı? nürlenalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to shine? | sennürlenalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to shine? | olnürlenalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to shine? | biznürlenalmağanbızmı? nürlenalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to shine? | siznürlenalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to shine? | alanürlenalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to shine? |
| Ability — past perfect | mennürlenalğan edimnürlenalğanemI had been able to shine | sennürlenalğan ediŋnürlenalğaneŋyou had been able to shine | olnürlenalğan edinürlenalğanedhe had been able to shine | biznürlenalğan ediknürlenalğanekwe had been able to shine | siznürlenalğan edigiznürlenalğanegizyou all had been able to shine | alanürlenalğan edilenürlenalğanellethey had been able to shine |
| Ability — past perfect | mennürlenalmağan edimnürlenalmağanemI hadn't been able to shine | sennürlenalmağan ediŋnürlenalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to shine | olnürlenalmağan edinürlenalmağanedhe hadn't been able to shine | biznürlenalmağan ediknürlenalmağanekwe hadn't been able to shine | siznürlenalmağan edigiznürlenalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to shine | alanürlenalmağan edilenürlenalmağanellethey hadn't been able to shine |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mennürlenala edimnürlenalaemI could shine | sennürlenala ediŋnürlenalaeŋyou could shine | olnürlenala edinürlenalaedhe could shine | biznürlenala ediknürlenalaekwe could shine | siznürlenala edigiznürlenalaegizyou all could shine | alanürlenala edilenürlenalaellethey could shine |
| Ability — past background | mennürlenalmay edimnürlenalmayemI could not shine | sennürlenalmay ediŋnürlenalmayeŋyou could not shine | olnürlenalmay edinürlenalmayedhe could not shine | biznürlenalmay ediknürlenalmayekwe could not shine | siznürlenalmay edigiznürlenalmayegizyou all could not shine | alanürlenalmay edilenürlenalmayellethey could not shine |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mennürlenalırmaI will be able to shine | sennürlenalırsayou will be able to shine | olnürlenalırhe will be able to shine | biznürlenalırbızwe will be able to shine | siznürlenalırsızyou all will be able to shine | alanürlenalırlathey will be able to shine |
| Ability — future I | mennürlenalmazmaI won't be able to shine | sennürlenalmazsayou won't be able to shine | olnürlenalmazhe won't be able to shine | biznürlenalmazbızwe won't be able to shine | siznürlenalmazsızyou all won't be able to shine | alanürlenalmazlathey won't be able to shine |
| Ability — future I | mennürlenalırmamı? nürlenalırmıma?will I be able to shine? | sennürlenalırmısa?will you be able to shine? | olnürlenalırmı?will he be able to shine? | biznürlenalırbızmı? nürlenalırmıbız?will we be able to shine? | siznürlenalırmısız?will you all be able to shine? | alanürlenalırlamı? nürlenalırmıla?will they be able to shine? |
| Ability — future I | mennürlenalmazmamı? nürlenalmazmıma?won't I be able to shine? | sennürlenalmazmısa?won't you be able to shine? | olnürlenalmazmı?won't he be able to shine? | biznürlenalmazbızmı? nürlenalmazmıbız?won't we be able to shine? | siznürlenalmazmısız?won't you all be able to shine? | alanürlenalmazlamı? nürlenalmazmıla?won't they be able to shine? |
| Ability — future II | mennürlenallıqmaI am going to be able to shine | sennürlenallıqsayou are going to be able to shine | olnürlenallıqdıhe is going to be able to shine | biznürlenallıqbızwe are going to be able to shine | siznürlenallıqsızyou all are going to be able to shine | alanürlenallıqdılathey are going to be able to shine |
| Ability — future II | mennürlenallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to shine | sennürlenallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to shine | olnürlenallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to shine | biznürlenallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to shine | siznürlenallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to shine | alanürlenallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to shine |
| Ability — future II | mennürlenallıqmamı? nürlenallıqmıma?am I going to be able to shine? | sennürlenallıqmısa?are you going to be able to shine? | olnürlenallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to shine? | biznürlenallıqbızmı? nürlenallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to shine? | siznürlenallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to shine? | alanürlenallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to shine? |
| Ability — future II | mennürlenallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to shine? | sennürlenallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to shine? | olnürlenallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to shine? | biznürlenallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to shine? | siznürlenallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to shine? | alanürlenallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to shine? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mennürlenalır edimnürlenalır emI would be able to shine | sennürlenalır ediŋnürlenalır eŋyou would be able to shine | olnürlenalır edinürlenalır edhe would be able to shine | biznürlenalır ediknürlenalır ekwe would be able to shine | siznürlenalır edigiznürlenalır egizyou all would be able to shine | alanürlenalır edilenürlenalır ellethey would be able to shine |
| Ability — would be able to… | mennürlenalmaz edimnürlenalmaz emI wouldn't be able to shine | sennürlenalmaz ediŋnürlenalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to shine | olnürlenalmaz edinürlenalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to shine | biznürlenalmaz ediknürlenalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to shine | siznürlenalmaz edigiznürlenalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to shine | alanürlenalmaz edilenürlenalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to shine |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sennürlenalğınnürlenalğımay you be able to shine | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sennürlenalmağınnürlenalmağımay you not be able to shine | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mennürlenirge izleymeI want to shine | sennürlenirge izleyseyou want to shine | olnürlenirge izleydihe wants to shine | biznürlenirge izleybizwe want to shine | siznürlenirge izleysizyou all want to shine | alanürlenirge izleydilethey want to shine |
| want to | mennürlenirge izlemeymeI do not want to shine | sennürlenirge izlemeyseyou do not want to shine | olnürlenirge izlemeydihe does not want to shine | biznürlenirge izlemeybizwe do not want to shine | siznürlenirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to shine | alanürlenirge izlemeydilethey do not want to shine |
| would like to | mennürlenirge süemeI would like to shine | sennürlenirge süeseyou would like to shine | olnürlenirge süedihe would like to shine | biznürlenirge süebizwe would like to shine | siznürlenirge süesizyou all would like to shine | alanürlenirge süedilethey would like to shine |
| would like to | mennürlenirge süymeymeI would not like to shine | sennürlenirge süymeyseyou would not like to shine | olnürlenirge süymeydihe would not like to shine | biznürlenirge süymeybizwe would not like to shine | siznürlenirge süymeysizyou all would not like to shine | alanürlenirge süymeydilethey would not like to shine |
| hope to | mennürlenirge umutlanamaI hope to shine | sennürlenirge umutlanasayou hope to shine | olnürlenirge umutlanadıhe hopes to shine | biznürlenirge umutlanabızwe hope to shine | siznürlenirge umutlanasızyou all hope to shine | alanürlenirge umutlanadılathey hope to shine |
| hope to | mennürlenirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to shine | sennürlenirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to shine | olnürlenirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to shine | biznürlenirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to shine | siznürlenirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to shine | alanürlenirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to shine |
| be about to | mennürlenirge deb turamaI am about to shine | sennürlenirge deb turasayou are about to shine | olnürlenirge deb turadıhe is about to shine | biznürlenirge deb turabızwe are about to shine | siznürlenirge deb turasızyou all are about to shine | alanürlenirge deb turadılathey are about to shine |
| be about to | mennürlenirge deb turmaymaI am not about to shine | sennürlenirge deb turmaysayou are not about to shine | olnürlenirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to shine | biznürlenirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to shine | siznürlenirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to shine | alanürlenirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to shine |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mennürlenirge kerekmeI need to shine | sennürlenirge kerekseyou need to shine | olnürlenirge kerekdihe needs to shine | biznürlenirge kerekbizwe need to shine | siznürlenirge kereksizyou all need to shine | alanürlenirge kerekdilethey need to shine |
| need to | mennürlenirge kerek tülmeI do not need to shine | sennürlenirge kerek tülseyou do not need to shine | olnürlenirge kerek tüldühe does not need to shine | biznürlenirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to shine | siznürlenirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to shine | alanürlenirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to shine |
| have to | menmenŋe nürlenirge tüşediI have to shine | sensenŋe nürlenirge tüşediyou have to shine | olaŋa nürlenirge tüşedihe has to shine | bizbizge nürlenirge tüşediwe have to shine | sizsizge nürlenirge tüşediyou all have to shine | alaalağa nürlenirge tüşedithey have to shine |
| have to | menmenŋe nürlenirge tüşmeydiI do not have to shine | sensenŋe nürlenirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to shine | olaŋa nürlenirge tüşmeydihe does not have to shine | bizbizge nürlenirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to shine | sizsizge nürlenirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to shine | alaalağa nürlenirge tüşmeydithey do not have to shine |
| be obliged to | mennürlenirge borçlumaI am obliged to shine | sennürlenirge borçlusayou are obliged to shine | olnürlenirge borçluduhe is obliged to shine | biznürlenirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to shine | siznürlenirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to shine | alanürlenirge borçludulathey are obliged to shine |
| be obliged to | mennürlenirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to shine | sennürlenirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to shine | olnürlenirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to shine | biznürlenirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to shine | siznürlenirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to shine | alanürlenirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to shine |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mennürlenirge madarım bardıI have a way to shine | sennürlenirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to shine | olnürlenirge madarı bardıhe has a way to shine | biznürlenirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to shine | siznürlenirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to shine | alanürlenirge madarları bardıthey have a way to shine |
| have a way to | mennürlenirge madarım joqduI have no way to shine | sennürlenirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to shine | olnürlenirge madarı joqduhe has no way to shine | biznürlenirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to shine | siznürlenirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to shine | alanürlenirge madarları joqduthey have no way to shine |
| be free to | mennürlenirge erkinligim bardıI am free to shine | sennürlenirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to shine | olnürlenirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to shine | biznürlenirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to shine | siznürlenirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to shine | alanürlenirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to shine |
| be free to | mennürlenirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to shine | sennürlenirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to shine | olnürlenirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to shine | biznürlenirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to shine | siznürlenirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to shine | alanürlenirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to shine |
| be possible to | menmenŋe nürlenirge bolluqduit is possible for me to shine | sensenŋe nürlenirge bolluqduit is possible for you to shine | olaŋa nürlenirge bolluqduit is possible for him to shine | bizbizge nürlenirge bolluqduit is possible for us to shine | sizsizge nürlenirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to shine | alaalağa nürlenirge bolluqduit is possible for them to shine |
| be possible to | menmenŋe nürlenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to shine | sensenŋe nürlenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to shine | olaŋa nürlenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to shine | bizbizge nürlenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to shine | sizsizge nürlenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to shine | alaalağa nürlenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to shine |
| be ready to | mennürlenirge hazırmaI am ready to shine | sennürlenirge hazırsayou are ready to shine | olnürlenirge hazırdıhe is ready to shine | biznürlenirge hazırbızwe are ready to shine | siznürlenirge hazırsızyou all are ready to shine | alanürlenirge hazırdılathey are ready to shine |
| be ready to | mennürlenirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to shine | sennürlenirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to shine | olnürlenirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to shine | biznürlenirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to shine | siznürlenirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to shine | alanürlenirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to shine |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mennürlenirge küreşemeI am trying to shine | sennürlenirge küreşeseyou are trying to shine | olnürlenirge küreşedihe is trying to shine | biznürlenirge küreşebizwe are trying to shine | siznürlenirge küreşesizyou all are trying to shine | alanürlenirge küreşedilethey are trying to shine |
| try to | mennürlenirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to shine | sennürlenirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to shine | olnürlenirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to shine | biznürlenirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to shine | siznürlenirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to shine | alanürlenirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to shine |
| agree to | mennürlenirge unaymaI agree to shine | sennürlenirge unaysayou agree to shine | olnürlenirge unaydıhe agrees to shine | biznürlenirge unaybızwe agree to shine | siznürlenirge unaysızyou all agree to shine | alanürlenirge unaydılathey agree to shine |
| agree to | mennürlenirge unamaymaI refuse to shine | sennürlenirge unamaysayou refuse to shine | olnürlenirge unamaydıhe refuses to shine | biznürlenirge unamaybızwe refuse to shine | siznürlenirge unamaysızyou all refuse to shine | alanürlenirge unamaydılathey refuse to shine |
| hurry to | mennürlenirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to shine | sennürlenirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to shine | olnürlenirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to shine | biznürlenirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to shine | siznürlenirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to shine | alanürlenirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to shine |
| hurry to | mennürlenirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to shine | sennürlenirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to shine | olnürlenirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to shine | biznürlenirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to shine | siznürlenirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to shine | alanürlenirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to shine |
| be afraid to | mennürlenirge qorqamaI am afraid to shine | sennürlenirge qorqasayou are afraid to shine | olnürlenirge qorqadıhe is afraid to shine | biznürlenirge qorqabızwe are afraid to shine | siznürlenirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to shine | alanürlenirge qorqadılathey are afraid to shine |
| be afraid to | mennürlenirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to shine | sennürlenirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to shine | olnürlenirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to shine | biznürlenirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to shine | siznürlenirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to shine | alanürlenirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to shine |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mennürlene bolmazmaI can't be shining | sennürlene bolmazsayou can't be shining | olnürlene bolmazhe can't be shining | biznürlene bolmazbızwe can't be shining | siznürlene bolmazsızyou all can't be shining | alanürlene bolmazlathey can't be shining |
| Inference, present — double negation | mennürlenmey bolmazmaI must be shining (emphatic) | sennürlenmey bolmazsayou must be shining (emphatic) | olnürlenmey bolmazhe must be shining (emphatic) | biznürlenmey bolmazbızwe must be shining (emphatic) | siznürlenmey bolmazsızyou all must be shining (emphatic) | alanürlenmey bolmazlathey must be shining (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mennürlene turmasamif I don't keep shining | sennürlene turmasaŋif you don't keep shining | olnürlene turmasaif he doesn't keep shining | biznürlene turmasaqif we don't keep shining | siznürlene turmasağızif you all don't keep shining | alanürlene turmasalaif they don't keep shining |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mennürlene tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of shining | sennürlene tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of shining | olnürlene tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of shining | biznürlene tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of shining | siznürlene tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of shining | alanürlene tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of shining |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mennürlenmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not shining (emphatic) | sennürlenmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not shining (emphatic) | olnürlenmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not shining (emphatic) | biznürlenmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not shining (emphatic) | siznürlenmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not shining (emphatic) | alanürlenmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not shining (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mennürlenmey turamaI keep on not shining | sennürlenmey turasayou keep on not shining | olnürlenmey turadıhe keeps on not shining | biznürlenmey turabızwe keep on not shining | siznürlenmey turasızyou all keep on not shining | alanürlenmey turadılathey keep on not shining |
| Progressive — double negation | mennürlenmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not shining | sennürlenmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not shining | olnürlenmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not shining | biznürlenmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not shining | siznürlenmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not shining | alanürlenmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not shining |
| Progressive — double negation | mennürlenmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not shining? | sennürlenmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not shining? | olnürlenmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not shining? | biznürlenmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not shining? | siznürlenmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not shining? | alanürlenmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not shining? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mennürlenŋen bolmazmaI can't have shone | sennürlenŋen bolmazsayou can't have shone | olnürlenŋen bolmazhe can't have shone | biznürlenŋen bolmazbızwe can't have shone | siznürlenŋen bolmazsızyou all can't have shone | alanürlenŋen bolmazlathey can't have shone |
| Inference — double negation | mennürlenmegen bolmazmaI must have shone (emphatic) | sennürlenmegen bolmazsayou must have shone (emphatic) | olnürlenmegen bolmazhe must have shone (emphatic) | biznürlenmegen bolmazbızwe must have shone (emphatic) | siznürlenmegen bolmazsızyou all must have shone (emphatic) | alanürlenmegen bolmazlathey must have shone (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mennürlenŋen bolmasamif it weren't that I had shone | sennürlenŋen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had shone | olnürlenŋen bolmasaif it weren't that he had shone | biznürlenŋen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had shone | siznürlenŋen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had shone | alanürlenŋen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had shone |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mennürlenmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't shone | sennürlenmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't shone | olnürlenmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't shone | biznürlenmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't shone | siznürlenmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't shone | alanürlenmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't shone |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mennürlennik bolmazmaI can't be going to shine | sennürlennik bolmazsayou can't be going to shine | olnürlennik bolmazhe can't be going to shine | biznürlennik bolmazbızwe can't be going to shine | siznürlennik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to shine | alanürlennik bolmazlathey can't be going to shine |
| Inference, future — double negation | mennürlenmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to shine (emphatic) | sennürlenmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to shine (emphatic) | olnürlenmezlik bolmazhe must be going to shine (emphatic) | biznürlenmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to shine (emphatic) | siznürlenmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to shine (emphatic) | alanürlenmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to shine (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mennürlennik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to shine | sennürlennik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to shine | olnürlennik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to shine | biznürlennik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to shine | siznürlennik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to shine | alanürlennik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to shine |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mennürlenmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to shine | sennürlenmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to shine | olnürlenmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to shine | biznürlenmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to shine | siznürlenmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to shine | alanürlenmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to shine |