kepdirirge
/kepdirirɡe/
1. dry, make dry, dry out
- künde kepdir — dry it in the sun
- bıstırlanı kepdirirge — to dry the clothes
- kiyimlerimi künde kepdirdim — I dried my clothes in the sun
- biçenni künŋe jayıb kepdirdik — we spread the hay in the sun and dried it
- mılı jerni kepdirirge — to dry out the damp ground
- çapıraqlanı kepdirirge — to dry the leaves
2. dry for storage, cure — Said of meat, herbs, fruit and similar food dried in the sun or by a fire to keep for later.
- etleni kepdirirge — to cure the meat
- etni qışha kepdirebiz — we cure meat for the winter
- etleni kepdir da asıra — cure the meat and store it
- darman hanslanı jıyıb kepdirirge — to gather the medicinal herbs and dry them
- kögetleni kepdirirge — to dry the fruit
Expressions
- jawurluq kepdirirge — rest the horse
- terlik kepdirirge — rest one's horse
Conjugation
Common forms
- kepdiredihe is drying
- kepdirdihe dried
- kepdirgendihe has dried
- kepdirirhe will dry
- kepdirlikdihe is going to dry
- kepdire edihe was drying
- kepdirseif he dries
- kepdir!dry!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkepdiremeI am drying | senkepdireseyou are drying | olkepdiredihe is drying | bizkepdirebizwe are drying | sizkepdiresizyou all are drying | alakepdiredilethey are drying |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkepdirmeymeI am not drying | senkepdirmeyseyou are not drying | olkepdirmeydihe is not drying | bizkepdirmeybizwe are not drying | sizkepdirmeysizyou all are not drying | alakepdirmeydilethey are not drying |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkepdirememi? kepdiremime?am I drying? | senkepdiremise?are you drying? | olkepdiremidi?is he drying? | bizkepdirebizmi? kepdiremibiz?are we drying? | sizkepdiremisiz?are you all drying? | alakepdiremidile?are they drying? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkepdirmeymemi? kepdirmeymime?aren't I drying? | senkepdirmeymise?aren't you drying? | olkepdirmeymidi?isn't he drying? | bizkepdirmeybizmi? kepdirmeymibiz?aren't we drying? | sizkepdirmeymisiz?aren't you all drying? | alakepdirmeymidile?aren't they drying? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkepdiriwçenmeI usually dry | senkepdiriwçenseyou usually dry | olkepdiriwçendihe usually dries | bizkepdiriwçenbizwe usually dry | sizkepdiriwçensizyou all usually dry | alakepdiriwçendilethey usually dry |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkepdirmewçenmeI usually don't dry | senkepdirmewçenseyou usually don't dry | olkepdirmewçendihe usually doesn't dry | bizkepdirmewçenbizwe usually don't dry | sizkepdirmewçensizyou all usually don't dry | alakepdirmewçendilethey usually don't dry |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkepdiriwçenmemi? kepdiriwçenmime?do I usually dry? | senkepdiriwçenmise?do you usually dry? | olkepdiriwçenmidi?does he usually dry? | bizkepdiriwçenbizmi? kepdiriwçenmibiz?do we usually dry? | sizkepdiriwçenmisiz?do you all usually dry? | alakepdiriwçenmidile?do they usually dry? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkepdirmewçenmemi? kepdirmewçenmime?do I usually not dry? | senkepdirmewçenmise?do you usually not dry? | olkepdirmewçenmidi?does he usually not dry? | bizkepdirmewçenbizmi? kepdirmewçenmibiz?do we usually not dry? | sizkepdirmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not dry? | alakepdirmewçenmidile?do they usually not dry? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkepdiribdihe has dried and remains so | alakepdiribdilethey have dried and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkepdiribmidi?has he dried? | alakepdiribmidile?have they dried? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkepdirib turamaI keep drying | senkepdirib turasayou keep drying | olkepdirib turadıhe keeps drying | bizkepdirib turabızwe keep drying | sizkepdirib turasızyou all keep drying | alakepdirib turadılathey keep drying |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkepdirib turmaymaI don't keep drying | senkepdirib turmaysayou don't keep drying | olkepdirib turmaydıhe doesn't keep drying | bizkepdirib turmaybızwe don't keep drying | sizkepdirib turmaysızyou all don't keep drying | alakepdirib turmaydılathey don't keep drying |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkepdirib turamamı? kepdirib turamıma?do I keep drying? | senkepdirib turamısa?do you keep drying? | olkepdirib turamıdı?does he keep drying? | bizkepdirib turabızmı? kepdirib turamıbız?do we keep drying? | sizkepdirib turamısız?do you all keep drying? | alakepdirib turamıdıla?do they keep drying? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkepdirib turmaymamı? kepdirib turmaymıma?don't I keep drying? | senkepdirib turmaymısa?don't you keep drying? | olkepdirib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep drying? | bizkepdirib turmaybızmı? kepdirib turmaymıbız?don't we keep drying? | sizkepdirib turmaymısız?don't you all keep drying? | alakepdirib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep drying? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkepdire turamaI am in the middle of drying | senkepdire turasayou are in the middle of drying | olkepdire turadıhe is in the middle of drying | bizkepdire turabızwe are in the middle of drying | sizkepdire turasızyou all are in the middle of drying | alakepdire turadılathey are in the middle of drying |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkepdire turmaymaI am not in the middle of drying | senkepdire turmaysayou are not in the middle of drying | olkepdire turmaydıhe is not in the middle of drying | bizkepdire turmaybızwe are not in the middle of drying | sizkepdire turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of drying | alakepdire turmaydılathey are not in the middle of drying |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkepdire turamamı? kepdire turamıma?am I in the middle of drying? | senkepdire turamısa?are you in the middle of drying? | olkepdire turamıdı?is he in the middle of drying? | bizkepdire turabızmı? kepdire turamıbız?are we in the middle of drying? | sizkepdire turamısız?are you all in the middle of drying? | alakepdire turamıdıla?are they in the middle of drying? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkepdire turmaymamı? kepdire turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of drying? | senkepdire turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of drying? | olkepdire turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of drying? | bizkepdire turmaybızmı? kepdire turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of drying? | sizkepdire turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of drying? | alakepdire turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of drying? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkepdirdimI dried | senkepdirdiŋyou dried | olkepdirdihe dried | bizkepdirdikwe dried | sizkepdirdigizyou all dried | alakepdirdilethey dried |
| Simple past (definite) | menkepdirmedimI didn't dry | senkepdirmediŋyou didn't dry | olkepdirmedihe didn't dry | bizkepdirmedikwe didn't dry | sizkepdirmedigizyou all didn't dry | alakepdirmedilethey didn't dry |
| Simple past (definite) | menkepdirdimmi?did I dry? | senkepdirdiŋmi?did you dry? | olkepdirdimi?did he dry? | bizkepdirdikmi?did we dry? | sizkepdirdigizmi?did you all dry? | alakepdirdilemi?did they dry? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkepdirmedimmi?didn't I dry? | senkepdirmediŋmi?didn't you dry? | olkepdirmedimi?didn't he dry? | bizkepdirmedikmi?didn't we dry? | sizkepdirmedigizmi?didn't you all dry? | alakepdirmedilemi?didn't they dry? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkepdirgenmeI have dried | senkepdirgenseyou have dried | olkepdirgendihe has dried | bizkepdirgenbizwe have dried | sizkepdirgensizyou all have dried | alakepdirgendilethey have dried |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkepdirmegenmeI haven't dried | senkepdirmegenseyou haven't dried | olkepdirmegendihe hasn't dried | bizkepdirmegenbizwe haven't dried | sizkepdirmegensizyou all haven't dried | alakepdirmegendilethey haven't dried |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkepdirgenmemi? kepdirgenmime?have I dried? | senkepdirgenmise?have you dried? | olkepdirgenmidi?has he dried? | bizkepdirgenbizmi? kepdirgenmibiz?have we dried? | sizkepdirgenmisiz?have you all dried? | alakepdirgenmidile?have they dried? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkepdirmegenmemi? kepdirmegenmime?haven't I dried? | senkepdirmegenmise?haven't you dried? | olkepdirmegenmidi?hasn't he dried? | bizkepdirmegenbizmi? kepdirmegenmibiz?haven't we dried? | sizkepdirmegenmisiz?haven't you all dried? | alakepdirmegenmidile?haven't they dried? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkepdirib turdumI kept drying | senkepdirib turduŋyou kept drying | olkepdirib turduhe kept drying | bizkepdirib turduqwe kept drying | sizkepdirib turduğuzyou all kept drying | alakepdirib turdulathey kept drying |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkepdirib turmadımI didn't keep drying | senkepdirib turmadıŋyou didn't keep drying | olkepdirib turmadıhe didn't keep drying | bizkepdirib turmadıqwe didn't keep drying | sizkepdirib turmadığızyou all didn't keep drying | alakepdirib turmadılathey didn't keep drying |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkepdirirmeI will dry | senkepdirirseyou will dry | olkepdirirhe will dry | bizkepdirirbizwe will dry | sizkepdirirsizyou all will dry | alakepdirirlethey will dry |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkepdirmezmeI won't dry | senkepdirmezseyou won't dry | olkepdirmezhe won't dry | bizkepdirmezbizwe won't dry | sizkepdirmezsizyou all won't dry | alakepdirmezlethey won't dry |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkepdirirmemi? kepdirirmime?will I dry? | senkepdirirmise?will you dry? | olkepdirirmi?will he dry? | bizkepdirirbizmi? kepdirirmibiz?will we dry? | sizkepdirirmisiz?will you all dry? | alakepdirirlemi? kepdirirmile?will they dry? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkepdirmezmemi? kepdirmezmime?won't I dry? | senkepdirmezmise?won't you dry? | olkepdirmezmi?won't he dry? | bizkepdirmezbizmi? kepdirmezmibiz?won't we dry? | sizkepdirmezmisiz?won't you all dry? | alakepdirmezlemi? kepdirmezmile?won't they dry? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkepdirlikme1kepdirrikmeI am going to dry | senkepdirlikse1kepdirrikseyou are going to dry | olkepdirlikdi1kepdirrikdihe is going to dry | bizkepdirlikbiz1kepdirrikbizwe are going to dry | sizkepdirliksiz1kepdirriksizyou all are going to dry | alakepdirlikdile1kepdirrikdilethey are going to dry |
| Definite future (future II) | menkepdirlik tülme1kepdirrik tülmeI am not going to dry | senkepdirlik tülse1kepdirrik tülseyou are not going to dry | olkepdirlik tüldü1kepdirrik tüldühe is not going to dry | bizkepdirlik tülbüz1kepdirrik tülbüzwe are not going to dry | sizkepdirlik tülsüz1kepdirrik tülsüzyou all are not going to dry | alakepdirlik tüldüle1kepdirrik tüldülethey are not going to dry |
| Definite future (future II) | menkepdirlikmemi?1 kepdirlikmime?kepdirrikmemi?am I going to dry? | senkepdirlikmise?1kepdirrikmise?are you going to dry? | olkepdirlikmidi?1kepdirrikmidi?is he going to dry? | bizkepdirlikbizmi?1 kepdirlikmibiz?kepdirrikbizmi?are we going to dry? | sizkepdirlikmisiz?1kepdirrikmisiz?are you all going to dry? | alakepdirlikmidile?1kepdirrikmidile?are they going to dry? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkepdirlik tülmüme?1kepdirrik tülmüme?aren't I going to dry? | senkepdirlik tülmüse?1kepdirrik tülmüse?aren't you going to dry? | olkepdirlik tülmüdü?1kepdirrik tülmüdü?isn't he going to dry? | bizkepdirlik tülmübüz?1kepdirrik tülmübüz?aren't we going to dry? | sizkepdirlik tülmüsüz?1kepdirrik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to dry? | alakepdirlik tülmüdüle?1kepdirrik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to dry? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so kepdirrikdi
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkepdirgen edimkepdirgenemI had dried | senkepdirgen ediŋkepdirgeneŋyou had dried | olkepdirgen edikepdirgenedhe had dried | bizkepdirgen edikkepdirgenekwe had dried | sizkepdirgen edigizkepdirgenegizyou all had dried | alakepdirgen edilekepdirgenellethey had dried |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkepdirmegen edimkepdirmegenemI hadn't dried | senkepdirmegen ediŋkepdirmegeneŋyou hadn't dried | olkepdirmegen edikepdirmegenedhe hadn't dried | bizkepdirmegen edikkepdirmegenekwe hadn't dried | sizkepdirmegen edigizkepdirmegenegizyou all hadn't dried | alakepdirmegen edilekepdirmegenellethey hadn't dried |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkepdire edimkepdiremI was drying | senkepdire ediŋkepdireŋyou were drying | olkepdire edikepdiredhe was drying | bizkepdire edikkepdirekwe were drying | sizkepdire edigizkepdiregizyou all were drying | alakepdire edilekepdirellethey were drying |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkepdirmey edimkepdirmeyemI wasn't drying | senkepdirmey ediŋkepdirmeyeŋyou weren't drying | olkepdirmey edikepdirmeyedhe wasn't drying | bizkepdirmey edikkepdirmeyekwe weren't drying | sizkepdirmey edigizkepdirmeyegizyou all weren't drying | alakepdirmey edilekepdirmeyellethey weren't drying |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menkepdiriwçen edimkepdiriwçenemI used to dry | senkepdiriwçen ediŋkepdiriwçeneŋyou used to dry | olkepdiriwçen edikepdiriwçenedhe used to dry | bizkepdiriwçen edikkepdiriwçenekwe used to dry | sizkepdiriwçen edigizkepdiriwçenegizyou all used to dry | alakepdiriwçen edilekepdiriwçenellethey used to dry |
| Habitual past (used to) | menkepdirmewçen edimkepdirmewçenemI didn't use to dry | senkepdirmewçen ediŋkepdirmewçeneŋyou didn't use to dry | olkepdirmewçen edikepdirmewçenedhe didn't use to dry | bizkepdirmewçen edikkepdirmewçenekwe didn't use to dry | sizkepdirmewçen edigizkepdirmewçenegizyou all didn't use to dry | alakepdirmewçen edilekepdirmewçenellethey didn't use to dry |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkepdirib edihe had dried and remained so | alakepdirib edilethey had dried and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkepdirib tül edihe hadn't dried | alakepdirib tül edilethey hadn't dried | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkepdirib tura edimkepdirib turaemI had kept drying | senkepdirib tura ediŋkepdirib turaeŋyou had kept drying | olkepdirib tura edikepdirib turaedhe had kept drying | bizkepdirib tura edikkepdirib turaekwe had kept drying | sizkepdirib tura edigizkepdirib turaegizyou all had kept drying | alakepdirib tura edilekepdirib turaellethey had kept drying |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkepdirib turmay edimkepdirib turmayemI hadn't kept drying | senkepdirib turmay ediŋkepdirib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept drying | olkepdirib turmay edikepdirib turmayedhe hadn't kept drying | bizkepdirib turmay edikkepdirib turmayekwe hadn't kept drying | sizkepdirib turmay edigizkepdirib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept drying | alakepdirib turmay edilekepdirib turmayellethey hadn't kept drying |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkepdire tura edimkepdire turaemI was in the middle of drying | senkepdire tura ediŋkepdire turaeŋyou were in the middle of drying | olkepdire tura edikepdire turaedhe was in the middle of drying | bizkepdire tura edikkepdire turaekwe were in the middle of drying | sizkepdire tura edigizkepdire turaegizyou all were in the middle of drying | alakepdire tura edilekepdire turaellethey were in the middle of drying |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkepdire turmay edimkepdire turmayemI wasn't in the middle of drying | senkepdire turmay ediŋkepdire turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of drying | olkepdire turmay edikepdire turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of drying | bizkepdire turmay edikkepdire turmayekwe weren't in the middle of drying | sizkepdire turmay edigizkepdire turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of drying | alakepdire turmay edilekepdire turmayellethey weren't in the middle of drying |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menkepdirir edimkepdirir emI would dry | senkepdirir ediŋkepdirir eŋyou would dry | olkepdirir edikepdirir edhe would dry | bizkepdirir edikkepdirir ekwe would dry | sizkepdirir edigizkepdirir egizyou all would dry | alakepdirir edilekepdirir ellethey would dry |
| Conditional result (would) | menkepdirmez edimkepdirmez emI wouldn't dry | senkepdirmez ediŋkepdirmez eŋyou wouldn't dry | olkepdirmez edikepdirmez edhe wouldn't dry | bizkepdirmez edikkepdirmez ekwe wouldn't dry | sizkepdirmez edigizkepdirmez egizyou all wouldn't dry | alakepdirmez edilekepdirmez ellethey wouldn't dry |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkepdirlik edim2kepdirlik emkepdirrik edimI would have dried | senkepdirlik ediŋ2kepdirlik eŋkepdirrik ediŋyou would have dried | olkepdirlik edi2kepdirlik edkepdirrik edihe would have dried | bizkepdirlik edik2kepdirlik ekkepdirrik edikwe would have dried | sizkepdirlik edigiz2kepdirlik egizkepdirrik edigizyou all would have dried | alakepdirlik edile2kepdirlik ellekepdirrik edilethey would have dried |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkepdirlik tül edim2kepdirlik tül emkepdirrik tül edimI wouldn't have dried | senkepdirlik tül ediŋ2kepdirlik tül eŋkepdirrik tül ediŋyou wouldn't have dried | olkepdirlik tül edi2kepdirlik tül edkepdirrik tül edihe wouldn't have dried | bizkepdirlik tül edik2kepdirlik tül ekkepdirrik tül edikwe wouldn't have dried | sizkepdirlik tül edigiz2kepdirlik tül egizkepdirrik tül edigizyou all wouldn't have dried | alakepdirlik tül edile2kepdirlik tül ellekepdirrik tül edilethey wouldn't have dried |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so kepdirrik edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menkepdirsemif I dry | senkepdirseŋif you dry | olkepdirseif he dries | bizkepdirsekif we dry | sizkepdirsegizif you all dry | alakepdirseleif they dry |
| Conditional | menkepdirmesemif I don't dry | senkepdirmeseŋif you don't dry | olkepdirmeseif he doesn't dry | bizkepdirmesekif we don't dry | sizkepdirmesegizif you all don't dry | alakepdirmeseleif they don't dry |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menkepdire esemif I am drying | senkepdire eseŋif you are drying | olkepdire eseif he is drying | bizkepdire esekif we are drying | sizkepdire esegizif you all are drying | alakepdire eseleif they are drying |
| Conditional, present real | menkepdirmey esemif I am not drying | senkepdirmey eseŋif you are not drying | olkepdirmey eseif he is not drying | bizkepdirmey esekif we are not drying | sizkepdirmey esegizif you all are not drying | alakepdirmey eseleif they are not drying |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkepdirsem edikepdirsem edif only I dried | senkepdirseŋ edikepdirseŋ edif only you dried | olkepdirse edikepdirsedif only he dried | bizkepdirsek edikepdirsek edif only we dried | sizkepdirsegiz edikepdirsegiz edif only you all dried | alakepdirsele edikepdirseledif only they dried |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkepdirmesem edikepdirmesem edif only I didn't dry | senkepdirmeseŋ edikepdirmeseŋ edif only you didn't dry | olkepdirmese edikepdirmesedif only he didn't dry | bizkepdirmesek edikepdirmesek edif only we didn't dry | sizkepdirmesegiz edikepdirmesegiz edif only you all didn't dry | alakepdirmesele edikepdirmeseledif only they didn't dry |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menkepdirib tursamif I carry on drying | senkepdirib tursaŋif you carry on drying | olkepdirib tursaif he carries on drying | bizkepdirib tursaqif we carry on drying | sizkepdirib tursağızif you all carry on drying | alakepdirib tursalaif they carry on drying |
| Durative conditional | menkepdirib turmasamif I don't carry on drying | senkepdirib turmasaŋif you don't carry on drying | olkepdirib turmasaif he doesn't carry on drying | bizkepdirib turmasaqif we don't carry on drying | sizkepdirib turmasağızif you all don't carry on drying | alakepdirib turmasalaif they don't carry on drying |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menkepdirib tura esemif I have kept drying | senkepdirib tura eseŋif you have kept drying | olkepdirib tura eseif he has kept drying | bizkepdirib tura esekif we have kept drying | sizkepdirib tura esegizif you all have kept drying | alakepdirib tura eseleif they have kept drying |
| Durative conditional, present real | menkepdirib turmay esemif I haven't kept drying | senkepdirib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept drying | olkepdirib turmay eseif he hasn't kept drying | bizkepdirib turmay esekif we haven't kept drying | sizkepdirib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept drying | alakepdirib turmay eseleif they haven't kept drying |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menkepdire tursamif I keep drying | senkepdire tursaŋif you keep drying | olkepdire tursaif he keeps drying | bizkepdire tursaqif we keep drying | sizkepdire tursağızif you all keep drying | alakepdire tursalaif they keep drying |
| Progressive conditional | menkepdirmey tursamif I keep on not drying | senkepdirmey tursaŋif you keep on not drying | olkepdirmey tursaif he keeps on not drying | bizkepdirmey tursaqif we keep on not drying | sizkepdirmey tursağızif you all keep on not drying | alakepdirmey tursalaif they keep on not drying |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkepdire tura esemif I am in the middle of drying | senkepdire tura eseŋif you are in the middle of drying | olkepdire tura eseif he is in the middle of drying | bizkepdire tura esekif we are in the middle of drying | sizkepdire tura esegizif you all are in the middle of drying | alakepdire tura eseleif they are in the middle of drying |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkepdirmey tura esemif I keep on not drying | senkepdirmey tura eseŋif you keep on not drying | olkepdirmey tura eseif he keeps on not drying | bizkepdirmey tura esekif we keep on not drying | sizkepdirmey tura esegizif you all keep on not drying | alakepdirmey tura eseleif they keep on not drying |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menkepdirdim esemif I dried | senkepdirdiŋ eseŋif you dried | olkepdirdi eseif he dried | bizkepdirdik esekif we dried | sizkepdirdigiz esegizif you all dried | alakepdirdile eseleif they dried |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menkepdirmedim esemif I didn't dry | senkepdirmediŋ eseŋif you didn't dry | olkepdirmedi eseif he didn't dry | bizkepdirmedik esekif we didn't dry | sizkepdirmedigiz esegizif you all didn't dry | alakepdirmedile eseleif they didn't dry |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menkepdirgen esemif I did dry (indeed) | senkepdirgen eseŋif you did dry (indeed) | olkepdirgen eseif he did dry (indeed) | bizkepdirgen esekif we did dry (indeed) | sizkepdirgen esegizif you all did dry (indeed) | alakepdirgen eseleif they did dry (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menkepdirmegen esemif I didn't dry (indeed) | senkepdirmegen eseŋif you didn't dry (indeed) | olkepdirmegen eseif he didn't dry (indeed) | bizkepdirmegen esekif we didn't dry (indeed) | sizkepdirmegen esegizif you all didn't dry (indeed) | alakepdirmegen eseleif they didn't dry (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkepdirgen bolsamif I had dried | senkepdirgen bolsaŋif you had dried | olkepdirgen bolsaif he had dried | bizkepdirgen bolsaqif we had dried | sizkepdirgen bolsağızif you all had dried | alakepdirgen bolsalaif they had dried |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkepdirmegen bolsamif I hadn't dried | senkepdirmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't dried | olkepdirmegen bolsaif he hadn't dried | bizkepdirmegen bolsaqif we hadn't dried | sizkepdirmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't dried | alakepdirmegen bolsalaif they hadn't dried |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkepdirgen bolsam edikepdirgen bolsam edif only I had dried | senkepdirgen bolsaŋ edikepdirgen bolsaŋ edif only you had dried | olkepdirgen bolsa edikepdirgen bolsaedif only he had dried | bizkepdirgen bolsaq edikepdirgen bolsaq edif only we had dried | sizkepdirgen bolsağız edikepdirgen bolsağız edif only you all had dried | alakepdirgen bolsala edikepdirgen bolsalaedif only they had dried |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkepdirmegen bolsam edikepdirmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't dried | senkepdirmegen bolsaŋ edikepdirmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't dried | olkepdirmegen bolsa edikepdirmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't dried | bizkepdirmegen bolsaq edikepdirmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't dried | sizkepdirmegen bolsağız edikepdirmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't dried | alakepdirmegen bolsala edikepdirmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't dried |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menkepdirir esemif I will dry | senkepdirir eseŋif you will dry | olkepdirir eseif he will dry | bizkepdirir esekif we will dry | sizkepdirir esegizif you all will dry | alakepdirir eseleif they will dry |
| Conditional, aorist | menkepdirmez esemif I won't dry | senkepdirmez eseŋif you won't dry | olkepdirmez eseif he won't dry | bizkepdirmez esekif we won't dry | sizkepdirmez esegizif you all won't dry | alakepdirmez eseleif they won't dry |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menkepdirlik esem4kepdirrik esemif I am going to dry | senkepdirlik eseŋ4kepdirrik eseŋif you are going to dry | olkepdirlik ese4kepdirrik eseif he is going to dry | bizkepdirlik esek4kepdirrik esekif we are going to dry | sizkepdirlik esegiz4kepdirrik esegizif you all are going to dry | alakepdirlik esele4kepdirrik eseleif they are going to dry |
| Conditional, future | menkepdirlik tül esem4kepdirrik tül esemif I am not going to dry | senkepdirlik tül eseŋ4kepdirrik tül eseŋif you are not going to dry | olkepdirlik tül ese4kepdirrik tül eseif he is not going to dry | bizkepdirlik tül esek4kepdirrik tül esekif we are not going to dry | sizkepdirlik tül esegiz4kepdirrik tül esegizif you all are not going to dry | alakepdirlik tül esele4kepdirrik tül eseleif they are not going to dry |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkepdirlik bolsam5kepdirrik bolsamif I were going to dry | senkepdirlik bolsaŋ5kepdirrik bolsaŋif you were going to dry | olkepdirlik bolsa5kepdirrik bolsaif he were going to dry | bizkepdirlik bolsaq5kepdirrik bolsaqif we were going to dry | sizkepdirlik bolsağız5kepdirrik bolsağızif you all were going to dry | alakepdirlik bolsala5kepdirrik bolsalaif they were going to dry |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkepdirmezlik bolsamif I were not going to dry | senkepdirmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to dry | olkepdirmezlik bolsaif he were not going to dry | bizkepdirmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to dry | sizkepdirmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to dry | alakepdirmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to dry |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso kepdirdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so kepdirrik ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so kepdirrik bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkepdire bolurmaI must be drying | senkepdire bolursayou must be drying | olkepdire bolurhe must be drying | bizkepdire bolurbuzwe must be drying | sizkepdire bolursuzyou all must be drying | alakepdire bolurlathey must be drying |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkepdirmey bolurmaI must not be drying | senkepdirmey bolursayou must not be drying | olkepdirmey bolurhe must not be drying | bizkepdirmey bolurbuzwe must not be drying | sizkepdirmey bolursuzyou all must not be drying | alakepdirmey bolurlathey must not be drying |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkepdire tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of drying | senkepdire tura bolursayou must be in the middle of drying | olkepdire tura bolurhe must be in the middle of drying | bizkepdire tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of drying | sizkepdire tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of drying | alakepdire tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of drying |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkepdirmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not drying | senkepdirmey tura bolursayou must keep on not drying | olkepdirmey tura bolurhe must keep on not drying | bizkepdirmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not drying | sizkepdirmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not drying | alakepdirmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not drying |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menkepdirgen bolurmaI must have dried | senkepdirgen bolursayou must have dried | olkepdirgen bolurhe must have dried | bizkepdirgen bolurbuzwe must have dried | sizkepdirgen bolursuzyou all must have dried | alakepdirgen bolurlathey must have dried |
| Inference (must have) | menkepdirmegen bolurmaI must not have dried | senkepdirmegen bolursayou must not have dried | olkepdirmegen bolurhe must not have dried | bizkepdirmegen bolurbuzwe must not have dried | sizkepdirmegen bolursuzyou all must not have dried | alakepdirmegen bolurlathey must not have dried |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkepdirlik bolurma6kepdirrik bolurmaI must be going to dry | senkepdirlik bolursa6kepdirrik bolursayou must be going to dry | olkepdirlik bolur6kepdirrik bolurhe must be going to dry | bizkepdirlik bolurbuz6kepdirrik bolurbuzwe must be going to dry | sizkepdirlik bolursuz6kepdirrik bolursuzyou all must be going to dry | alakepdirlik bolurla6kepdirrik bolurlathey must be going to dry |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkepdirmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to dry | senkepdirmezlik bolursayou must not be going to dry | olkepdirmezlik bolurhe must not be going to dry | bizkepdirmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to dry | sizkepdirmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to dry | alakepdirmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to dry |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so kepdirrik bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menkepdireyimlet me dry | senkepdir!dry! | olkepdirsinlet him dry | bizkepdireyiklet's dry | sizkepdirigiz!dry, you all! | alakepdirsinlelet them dry |
| Commands & suggestions | menkepdirmeyimlet me not dry | senkepdirme!don't dry! | olkepdirmesinlet him not dry | bizkepdirmeyiklet's not dry | sizkepdirmegiz!don't dry, you all! | alakepdirmesinlelet them not dry |
| Commands & suggestions | menkepdireyimmi?shall I dry? | olkepdirsinmi?should he dry? | bizkepdireyikmi?shall we dry? | alakepdirsinlemi?should they dry? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menkepdirmeyimmi?shall I not dry? | olkepdirmesinmi?should he not dry? | bizkepdirmeyikmi?shall we not dry? | alakepdirmesinlemi?should they not dry? | ||
| Requests | senkepdirçi7kepdirçinplease dry | olkepdirsinçido let him dry | sizkepdirçigizplease dry (plural/polite) | alakepdirsinleçido let them dry | ||
| Requests | senkepdirmeçi7kepdirmeçinplease don't dry | olkepdirmesinçido let him not dry | sizkepdirmeçigizplease don't dry (plural/polite) | alakepdirmesinleçido let them not dry | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkepdirginkepdirgimay you dry | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkepdirmeginkepdirmegimay you not dry | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkepdirgey edim kepdirge edimwould that I dried | senkepdirgey ediŋ kepdirge ediŋwould that you dried | olkepdirgey edi kepdirge ediwould that he dried | bizkepdirgey edik kepdirge edikwould that we dried | sizkepdirgey edigiz kepdirge edigizwould that you all dried | alakepdirgey edile kepdirge edilewould that they dried |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkepdirmegey edim kepdirmege edimwould that I did not dry | senkepdirmegey ediŋ kepdirmege ediŋwould that you did not dry | olkepdirmegey edi kepdirmege ediwould that he did not dry | bizkepdirmegey edik kepdirmege edikwould that we did not dry | sizkepdirmegey edigiz kepdirmege edigizwould that you all did not dry | alakepdirmegey edile kepdirmege edilewould that they did not dry |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkepdirmege qoyayımkepdirme qoyayımlet me allow someone to dry | senkepdirmege qoy!kepdirme qoy!let someone dry! | olkepdirmege qoysunkepdirme qoysunlet him allow someone to dry | bizkepdirmege qoyayıqkepdirme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to dry | sizkepdirmege qoyuğuz!kepdirme qoyuğuz!let someone dry, you all! | alakepdirmege qoysunlakepdirme qoysunlalet them allow someone to dry |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkepdirmege qoymayımkepdirme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to dry | senkepdirmege qoyma!kepdirme qoyma!don't let someone dry! | olkepdirmege qoymasınkepdirme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to dry | bizkepdirmege qoymayıqkepdirme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to dry | sizkepdirmege qoymağız!kepdirme qoymağız!don't let someone dry, you all! | alakepdirmege qoymasınlakepdirme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to dry |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkepdirmege qoyayımmı?kepdirme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to dry? | olkepdirmege qoysunmu?kepdirme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to dry? | bizkepdirmege qoyayıqmı?kepdirme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to dry? | alakepdirmege qoysunlamı?kepdirme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to dry? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkepdirmege qoymayımmı?kepdirme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to dry? | olkepdirmege qoymasınmı?kepdirme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to dry? | bizkepdirmege qoymayıqmı?kepdirme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to dry? | alakepdirmege qoymasınlamı?kepdirme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to dry? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menkepdirmege qoyamakepdirme qoyamaI allow someone to dry | senkepdirmege qoyasakepdirme qoyasayou allow someone to dry | olkepdirmege qoyadıkepdirme qoyadıhe allows someone to dry | bizkepdirmege qoyabızkepdirme qoyabızwe allow someone to dry | sizkepdirmege qoyasızkepdirme qoyasızyou all allow someone to dry | alakepdirmege qoyadılakepdirme qoyadılathey allow someone to dry |
| Let someone… (present) | menkepdirmege qoymaymakepdirme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to dry | senkepdirmege qoymaysakepdirme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to dry | olkepdirmege qoymaydıkepdirme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to dry | bizkepdirmege qoymaybızkepdirme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to dry | sizkepdirmege qoymaysızkepdirme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to dry | alakepdirmege qoymaydılakepdirme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to dry |
| Let someone… (present) | menkepdirmege qoyamamı?kepdirme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to dry? | senkepdirmege qoyamısa?kepdirme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to dry? | olkepdirmege qoyamıdı?kepdirme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to dry? | bizkepdirmege qoyabızmı?kepdirme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to dry? | sizkepdirmege qoyamısız?kepdirme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to dry? | alakepdirmege qoyamıdıla?kepdirme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to dry? |
| Let someone… (present) | menkepdirmege qoymaymamı?kepdirme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to dry? | senkepdirmege qoymaymısa?kepdirme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to dry? | olkepdirmege qoymaymıdı?kepdirme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to dry? | bizkepdirmege qoymaybızmı?kepdirme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to dry? | sizkepdirmege qoymaymısız?kepdirme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to dry? | alakepdirmege qoymaymıdıla?kepdirme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to dry? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkepdirmege qoydumkepdirme qoydumI allowed someone to dry | senkepdirmege qoyduŋkepdirme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to dry | olkepdirmege qoydukepdirme qoyduhe allowed someone to dry | bizkepdirmege qoyduqkepdirme qoyduqwe allowed someone to dry | sizkepdirmege qoyduğuzkepdirme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to dry | alakepdirmege qoydulakepdirme qoydulathey allowed someone to dry |
| Let someone… (past) | menkepdirmege qoymadımkepdirme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to dry | senkepdirmege qoymadıŋkepdirme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to dry | olkepdirmege qoymadıkepdirme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to dry | bizkepdirmege qoymadıqkepdirme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to dry | sizkepdirmege qoymadığızkepdirme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to dry | alakepdirmege qoymadılakepdirme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to dry |
| Let someone… (past) | menkepdirmege qoydummu?kepdirme qoydummu?did I allow someone to dry? | senkepdirmege qoyduŋmu?kepdirme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to dry? | olkepdirmege qoydumu?kepdirme qoydumu?did he allow someone to dry? | bizkepdirmege qoyduqmu?kepdirme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to dry? | sizkepdirmege qoyduğuzmu?kepdirme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to dry? | alakepdirmege qoydulamı?kepdirme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to dry? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkepdirmege qoymadımmı?kepdirme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to dry? | senkepdirmege qoymadıŋmı?kepdirme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to dry? | olkepdirmege qoymadımı?kepdirme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to dry? | bizkepdirmege qoymadıqmı?kepdirme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to dry? | sizkepdirmege qoymadığızmı?kepdirme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to dry? | alakepdirmege qoymadılamı?kepdirme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to dry? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menkepdiralamaI can dry | senkepdiralasayou can dry | olkepdiraladıhe can dry | bizkepdiralabızwe can dry | sizkepdiralasızyou all can dry | alakepdiraladılathey can dry |
| Ability — present | menkepdiralmaymaI can't dry | senkepdiralmaysayou can't dry | olkepdiralmaydıhe can't dry | bizkepdiralmaybızwe can't dry | sizkepdiralmaysızyou all can't dry | alakepdiralmaydılathey can't dry |
| Ability — present | menkepdiralamamı? kepdiralamıma?can I dry? | senkepdiralamısa?can you dry? | olkepdiralamıdı?can he dry? | bizkepdiralabızmı? kepdiralamıbız?can we dry? | sizkepdiralamısız?can you all dry? | alakepdiralamıdıla?can they dry? |
| Ability — present | menkepdiralmaymamı? kepdiralmaymıma?can't I dry? | senkepdiralmaymısa?can't you dry? | olkepdiralmaymıdı?can't he dry? | bizkepdiralmaybızmı? kepdiralmaymıbız?can't we dry? | sizkepdiralmaymısız?can't you all dry? | alakepdiralmaymıdıla?can't they dry? |
| Ability — if I can… | menkepdiralsamif I can dry | senkepdiralsaŋif you can dry | olkepdiralsaif he can dry | bizkepdiralsaqif we can dry | sizkepdiralsağızif you all can dry | alakepdiralsalaif they can dry |
| Ability — if I can… | menkepdiralmasamif I can't dry | senkepdiralmasaŋif you can't dry | olkepdiralmasaif he can't dry | bizkepdiralmasaqif we can't dry | sizkepdiralmasağızif you all can't dry | alakepdiralmasalaif they can't dry |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menkepdiraldımI was able to dry | senkepdiraldıŋyou were able to dry | olkepdiraldıhe was able to dry | bizkepdiraldıqwe were able to dry | sizkepdiraldığızyou all were able to dry | alakepdiraldılathey were able to dry |
| Ability — simple past | menkepdiralmadımI could not dry | senkepdiralmadıŋyou could not dry | olkepdiralmadıhe could not dry | bizkepdiralmadıqwe could not dry | sizkepdiralmadığızyou all could not dry | alakepdiralmadılathey could not dry |
| Ability — simple past | menkepdiraldımmı?was I able to dry? | senkepdiraldıŋmı?were you able to dry? | olkepdiraldımı?was he able to dry? | bizkepdiraldıqmı?were we able to dry? | sizkepdiraldığızmı?were you all able to dry? | alakepdiraldılamı?were they able to dry? |
| Ability — simple past | menkepdiralmadımmı?couldn't I dry? | senkepdiralmadıŋmı?couldn't you dry? | olkepdiralmadımı?couldn't he dry? | bizkepdiralmadıqmı?couldn't we dry? | sizkepdiralmadığızmı?couldn't you all dry? | alakepdiralmadılamı?couldn't they dry? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkepdiralğanmaI have been able to dry | senkepdiralğansayou have been able to dry | olkepdiralğandıhe has been able to dry | bizkepdiralğanbızwe have been able to dry | sizkepdiralğansızyou all have been able to dry | alakepdiralğandılathey have been able to dry |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkepdiralmağanmaI haven't been able to dry | senkepdiralmağansayou haven't been able to dry | olkepdiralmağandıhe hasn't been able to dry | bizkepdiralmağanbızwe haven't been able to dry | sizkepdiralmağansızyou all haven't been able to dry | alakepdiralmağandılathey haven't been able to dry |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkepdiralğanmamı? kepdiralğanmıma?have I been able to dry? | senkepdiralğanmısa?have you been able to dry? | olkepdiralğanmıdı?has he been able to dry? | bizkepdiralğanbızmı? kepdiralğanmıbız?have we been able to dry? | sizkepdiralğanmısız?have you all been able to dry? | alakepdiralğanmıdıla?have they been able to dry? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkepdiralmağanmamı? kepdiralmağanmıma?haven't I been able to dry? | senkepdiralmağanmısa?haven't you been able to dry? | olkepdiralmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to dry? | bizkepdiralmağanbızmı? kepdiralmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to dry? | sizkepdiralmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to dry? | alakepdiralmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to dry? |
| Ability — past perfect | menkepdiralğan edimkepdiralğanemI had been able to dry | senkepdiralğan ediŋkepdiralğaneŋyou had been able to dry | olkepdiralğan edikepdiralğanedhe had been able to dry | bizkepdiralğan edikkepdiralğanekwe had been able to dry | sizkepdiralğan edigizkepdiralğanegizyou all had been able to dry | alakepdiralğan edilekepdiralğanellethey had been able to dry |
| Ability — past perfect | menkepdiralmağan edimkepdiralmağanemI hadn't been able to dry | senkepdiralmağan ediŋkepdiralmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to dry | olkepdiralmağan edikepdiralmağanedhe hadn't been able to dry | bizkepdiralmağan edikkepdiralmağanekwe hadn't been able to dry | sizkepdiralmağan edigizkepdiralmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to dry | alakepdiralmağan edilekepdiralmağanellethey hadn't been able to dry |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menkepdirala edimkepdiralaemI could dry | senkepdirala ediŋkepdiralaeŋyou could dry | olkepdirala edikepdiralaedhe could dry | bizkepdirala edikkepdiralaekwe could dry | sizkepdirala edigizkepdiralaegizyou all could dry | alakepdirala edilekepdiralaellethey could dry |
| Ability — past background | menkepdiralmay edimkepdiralmayemI could not dry | senkepdiralmay ediŋkepdiralmayeŋyou could not dry | olkepdiralmay edikepdiralmayedhe could not dry | bizkepdiralmay edikkepdiralmayekwe could not dry | sizkepdiralmay edigizkepdiralmayegizyou all could not dry | alakepdiralmay edilekepdiralmayellethey could not dry |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menkepdiralırmaI will be able to dry | senkepdiralırsayou will be able to dry | olkepdiralırhe will be able to dry | bizkepdiralırbızwe will be able to dry | sizkepdiralırsızyou all will be able to dry | alakepdiralırlathey will be able to dry |
| Ability — future I | menkepdiralmazmaI won't be able to dry | senkepdiralmazsayou won't be able to dry | olkepdiralmazhe won't be able to dry | bizkepdiralmazbızwe won't be able to dry | sizkepdiralmazsızyou all won't be able to dry | alakepdiralmazlathey won't be able to dry |
| Ability — future I | menkepdiralırmamı? kepdiralırmıma?will I be able to dry? | senkepdiralırmısa?will you be able to dry? | olkepdiralırmı?will he be able to dry? | bizkepdiralırbızmı? kepdiralırmıbız?will we be able to dry? | sizkepdiralırmısız?will you all be able to dry? | alakepdiralırlamı? kepdiralırmıla?will they be able to dry? |
| Ability — future I | menkepdiralmazmamı? kepdiralmazmıma?won't I be able to dry? | senkepdiralmazmısa?won't you be able to dry? | olkepdiralmazmı?won't he be able to dry? | bizkepdiralmazbızmı? kepdiralmazmıbız?won't we be able to dry? | sizkepdiralmazmısız?won't you all be able to dry? | alakepdiralmazlamı? kepdiralmazmıla?won't they be able to dry? |
| Ability — future II | menkepdirallıqmaI am going to be able to dry | senkepdirallıqsayou are going to be able to dry | olkepdirallıqdıhe is going to be able to dry | bizkepdirallıqbızwe are going to be able to dry | sizkepdirallıqsızyou all are going to be able to dry | alakepdirallıqdılathey are going to be able to dry |
| Ability — future II | menkepdirallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to dry | senkepdirallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to dry | olkepdirallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to dry | bizkepdirallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to dry | sizkepdirallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to dry | alakepdirallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to dry |
| Ability — future II | menkepdirallıqmamı? kepdirallıqmıma?am I going to be able to dry? | senkepdirallıqmısa?are you going to be able to dry? | olkepdirallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to dry? | bizkepdirallıqbızmı? kepdirallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to dry? | sizkepdirallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to dry? | alakepdirallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to dry? |
| Ability — future II | menkepdirallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to dry? | senkepdirallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to dry? | olkepdirallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to dry? | bizkepdirallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to dry? | sizkepdirallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to dry? | alakepdirallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to dry? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkepdiralır edimkepdiralır emI would be able to dry | senkepdiralır ediŋkepdiralır eŋyou would be able to dry | olkepdiralır edikepdiralır edhe would be able to dry | bizkepdiralır edikkepdiralır ekwe would be able to dry | sizkepdiralır edigizkepdiralır egizyou all would be able to dry | alakepdiralır edilekepdiralır ellethey would be able to dry |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkepdiralmaz edimkepdiralmaz emI wouldn't be able to dry | senkepdiralmaz ediŋkepdiralmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to dry | olkepdiralmaz edikepdiralmaz edhe wouldn't be able to dry | bizkepdiralmaz edikkepdiralmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to dry | sizkepdiralmaz edigizkepdiralmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to dry | alakepdiralmaz edilekepdiralmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to dry |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkepdiralğınkepdiralğımay you be able to dry | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkepdiralmağınkepdiralmağımay you not be able to dry | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menkepdirirge izleymeI want to dry | senkepdirirge izleyseyou want to dry | olkepdirirge izleydihe wants to dry | bizkepdirirge izleybizwe want to dry | sizkepdirirge izleysizyou all want to dry | alakepdirirge izleydilethey want to dry |
| want to | menkepdirirge izlemeymeI do not want to dry | senkepdirirge izlemeyseyou do not want to dry | olkepdirirge izlemeydihe does not want to dry | bizkepdirirge izlemeybizwe do not want to dry | sizkepdirirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to dry | alakepdirirge izlemeydilethey do not want to dry |
| would like to | menkepdirirge süemeI would like to dry | senkepdirirge süeseyou would like to dry | olkepdirirge süedihe would like to dry | bizkepdirirge süebizwe would like to dry | sizkepdirirge süesizyou all would like to dry | alakepdirirge süedilethey would like to dry |
| would like to | menkepdirirge süymeymeI would not like to dry | senkepdirirge süymeyseyou would not like to dry | olkepdirirge süymeydihe would not like to dry | bizkepdirirge süymeybizwe would not like to dry | sizkepdirirge süymeysizyou all would not like to dry | alakepdirirge süymeydilethey would not like to dry |
| hope to | menkepdirirge umutlanamaI hope to dry | senkepdirirge umutlanasayou hope to dry | olkepdirirge umutlanadıhe hopes to dry | bizkepdirirge umutlanabızwe hope to dry | sizkepdirirge umutlanasızyou all hope to dry | alakepdirirge umutlanadılathey hope to dry |
| hope to | menkepdirirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to dry | senkepdirirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to dry | olkepdirirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to dry | bizkepdirirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to dry | sizkepdirirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to dry | alakepdirirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to dry |
| be about to | menkepdirirge deb turamaI am about to dry | senkepdirirge deb turasayou are about to dry | olkepdirirge deb turadıhe is about to dry | bizkepdirirge deb turabızwe are about to dry | sizkepdirirge deb turasızyou all are about to dry | alakepdirirge deb turadılathey are about to dry |
| be about to | menkepdirirge deb turmaymaI am not about to dry | senkepdirirge deb turmaysayou are not about to dry | olkepdirirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to dry | bizkepdirirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to dry | sizkepdirirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to dry | alakepdirirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to dry |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menkepdirirge kerekmeI need to dry | senkepdirirge kerekseyou need to dry | olkepdirirge kerekdihe needs to dry | bizkepdirirge kerekbizwe need to dry | sizkepdirirge kereksizyou all need to dry | alakepdirirge kerekdilethey need to dry |
| need to | menkepdirirge kerek tülmeI do not need to dry | senkepdirirge kerek tülseyou do not need to dry | olkepdirirge kerek tüldühe does not need to dry | bizkepdirirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to dry | sizkepdirirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to dry | alakepdirirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to dry |
| have to | menmenŋe kepdirirge tüşediI have to dry | sensenŋe kepdirirge tüşediyou have to dry | olaŋa kepdirirge tüşedihe has to dry | bizbizge kepdirirge tüşediwe have to dry | sizsizge kepdirirge tüşediyou all have to dry | alaalağa kepdirirge tüşedithey have to dry |
| have to | menmenŋe kepdirirge tüşmeydiI do not have to dry | sensenŋe kepdirirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to dry | olaŋa kepdirirge tüşmeydihe does not have to dry | bizbizge kepdirirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to dry | sizsizge kepdirirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to dry | alaalağa kepdirirge tüşmeydithey do not have to dry |
| be obliged to | menkepdirirge borçlumaI am obliged to dry | senkepdirirge borçlusayou are obliged to dry | olkepdirirge borçluduhe is obliged to dry | bizkepdirirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to dry | sizkepdirirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to dry | alakepdirirge borçludulathey are obliged to dry |
| be obliged to | menkepdirirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to dry | senkepdirirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to dry | olkepdirirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to dry | bizkepdirirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to dry | sizkepdirirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to dry | alakepdirirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to dry |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menkepdirirge madarım bardıI have a way to dry | senkepdirirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to dry | olkepdirirge madarı bardıhe has a way to dry | bizkepdirirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to dry | sizkepdirirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to dry | alakepdirirge madarları bardıthey have a way to dry |
| have a way to | menkepdirirge madarım joqduI have no way to dry | senkepdirirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to dry | olkepdirirge madarı joqduhe has no way to dry | bizkepdirirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to dry | sizkepdirirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to dry | alakepdirirge madarları joqduthey have no way to dry |
| be free to | menkepdirirge erkinligim bardıI am free to dry | senkepdirirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to dry | olkepdirirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to dry | bizkepdirirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to dry | sizkepdirirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to dry | alakepdirirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to dry |
| be free to | menkepdirirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to dry | senkepdirirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to dry | olkepdirirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to dry | bizkepdirirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to dry | sizkepdirirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to dry | alakepdirirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to dry |
| be possible to | menmenŋe kepdirirge bolluqduit is possible for me to dry | sensenŋe kepdirirge bolluqduit is possible for you to dry | olaŋa kepdirirge bolluqduit is possible for him to dry | bizbizge kepdirirge bolluqduit is possible for us to dry | sizsizge kepdirirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to dry | alaalağa kepdirirge bolluqduit is possible for them to dry |
| be possible to | menmenŋe kepdirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to dry | sensenŋe kepdirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to dry | olaŋa kepdirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to dry | bizbizge kepdirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to dry | sizsizge kepdirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to dry | alaalağa kepdirirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to dry |
| be ready to | menkepdirirge hazırmaI am ready to dry | senkepdirirge hazırsayou are ready to dry | olkepdirirge hazırdıhe is ready to dry | bizkepdirirge hazırbızwe are ready to dry | sizkepdirirge hazırsızyou all are ready to dry | alakepdirirge hazırdılathey are ready to dry |
| be ready to | menkepdirirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to dry | senkepdirirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to dry | olkepdirirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to dry | bizkepdirirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to dry | sizkepdirirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to dry | alakepdirirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to dry |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menkepdirirge küreşemeI am trying to dry | senkepdirirge küreşeseyou are trying to dry | olkepdirirge küreşedihe is trying to dry | bizkepdirirge küreşebizwe are trying to dry | sizkepdirirge küreşesizyou all are trying to dry | alakepdirirge küreşedilethey are trying to dry |
| try to | menkepdirirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to dry | senkepdirirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to dry | olkepdirirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to dry | bizkepdirirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to dry | sizkepdirirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to dry | alakepdirirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to dry |
| agree to | menkepdirirge unaymaI agree to dry | senkepdirirge unaysayou agree to dry | olkepdirirge unaydıhe agrees to dry | bizkepdirirge unaybızwe agree to dry | sizkepdirirge unaysızyou all agree to dry | alakepdirirge unaydılathey agree to dry |
| agree to | menkepdirirge unamaymaI refuse to dry | senkepdirirge unamaysayou refuse to dry | olkepdirirge unamaydıhe refuses to dry | bizkepdirirge unamaybızwe refuse to dry | sizkepdirirge unamaysızyou all refuse to dry | alakepdirirge unamaydılathey refuse to dry |
| hurry to | menkepdirirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to dry | senkepdirirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to dry | olkepdirirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to dry | bizkepdirirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to dry | sizkepdirirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to dry | alakepdirirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to dry |
| hurry to | menkepdirirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to dry | senkepdirirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to dry | olkepdirirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to dry | bizkepdirirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to dry | sizkepdirirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to dry | alakepdirirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to dry |
| be afraid to | menkepdirirge qorqamaI am afraid to dry | senkepdirirge qorqasayou are afraid to dry | olkepdirirge qorqadıhe is afraid to dry | bizkepdirirge qorqabızwe are afraid to dry | sizkepdirirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to dry | alakepdirirge qorqadılathey are afraid to dry |
| be afraid to | menkepdirirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to dry | senkepdirirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to dry | olkepdirirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to dry | bizkepdirirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to dry | sizkepdirirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to dry | alakepdirirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to dry |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menkepdire bolmazmaI can't be drying | senkepdire bolmazsayou can't be drying | olkepdire bolmazhe can't be drying | bizkepdire bolmazbızwe can't be drying | sizkepdire bolmazsızyou all can't be drying | alakepdire bolmazlathey can't be drying |
| Inference, present — double negation | menkepdirmey bolmazmaI must be drying (emphatic) | senkepdirmey bolmazsayou must be drying (emphatic) | olkepdirmey bolmazhe must be drying (emphatic) | bizkepdirmey bolmazbızwe must be drying (emphatic) | sizkepdirmey bolmazsızyou all must be drying (emphatic) | alakepdirmey bolmazlathey must be drying (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menkepdire turmasamif I don't keep drying | senkepdire turmasaŋif you don't keep drying | olkepdire turmasaif he doesn't keep drying | bizkepdire turmasaqif we don't keep drying | sizkepdire turmasağızif you all don't keep drying | alakepdire turmasalaif they don't keep drying |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menkepdire tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of drying | senkepdire tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of drying | olkepdire tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of drying | bizkepdire tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of drying | sizkepdire tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of drying | alakepdire tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of drying |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menkepdirmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not drying (emphatic) | senkepdirmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not drying (emphatic) | olkepdirmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not drying (emphatic) | bizkepdirmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not drying (emphatic) | sizkepdirmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not drying (emphatic) | alakepdirmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not drying (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menkepdirmey turamaI keep on not drying | senkepdirmey turasayou keep on not drying | olkepdirmey turadıhe keeps on not drying | bizkepdirmey turabızwe keep on not drying | sizkepdirmey turasızyou all keep on not drying | alakepdirmey turadılathey keep on not drying |
| Progressive — double negation | menkepdirmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not drying | senkepdirmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not drying | olkepdirmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not drying | bizkepdirmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not drying | sizkepdirmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not drying | alakepdirmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not drying |
| Progressive — double negation | menkepdirmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not drying? | senkepdirmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not drying? | olkepdirmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not drying? | bizkepdirmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not drying? | sizkepdirmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not drying? | alakepdirmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not drying? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menkepdirgen bolmazmaI can't have dried | senkepdirgen bolmazsayou can't have dried | olkepdirgen bolmazhe can't have dried | bizkepdirgen bolmazbızwe can't have dried | sizkepdirgen bolmazsızyou all can't have dried | alakepdirgen bolmazlathey can't have dried |
| Inference — double negation | menkepdirmegen bolmazmaI must have dried (emphatic) | senkepdirmegen bolmazsayou must have dried (emphatic) | olkepdirmegen bolmazhe must have dried (emphatic) | bizkepdirmegen bolmazbızwe must have dried (emphatic) | sizkepdirmegen bolmazsızyou all must have dried (emphatic) | alakepdirmegen bolmazlathey must have dried (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menkepdirgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had dried | senkepdirgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had dried | olkepdirgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had dried | bizkepdirgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had dried | sizkepdirgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had dried | alakepdirgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had dried |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menkepdirmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't dried | senkepdirmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't dried | olkepdirmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't dried | bizkepdirmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't dried | sizkepdirmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't dried | alakepdirmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't dried |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menkepdirlik bolmazmaI can't be going to dry | senkepdirlik bolmazsayou can't be going to dry | olkepdirlik bolmazhe can't be going to dry | bizkepdirlik bolmazbızwe can't be going to dry | sizkepdirlik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to dry | alakepdirlik bolmazlathey can't be going to dry |
| Inference, future — double negation | menkepdirmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to dry (emphatic) | senkepdirmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to dry (emphatic) | olkepdirmezlik bolmazhe must be going to dry (emphatic) | bizkepdirmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to dry (emphatic) | sizkepdirmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to dry (emphatic) | alakepdirmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to dry (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menkepdirlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to dry | senkepdirlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to dry | olkepdirlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to dry | bizkepdirlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to dry | sizkepdirlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to dry | alakepdirlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to dry |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menkepdirmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to dry | senkepdirmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to dry | olkepdirmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to dry | bizkepdirmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to dry | sizkepdirmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to dry | alakepdirmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to dry |