kalak
/kalak/
Definition
a vagrant, a homeless wanderer
- kalak it — a stray dog
- kalak aylanırğa — to wander about homeless
- kalak bolub qalırğa — to end up a vagrant
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or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | kalakthe vagrant | kalaklathe vagrants | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | kalaknıthe vagrant's | kalaklanıthe vagrants' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | kalaknıthe vagrant (as the object) | kalaklanıthe vagrants (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | kalakhato the vagrant | kalaklağato the vagrants | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | kalakdaat / in the vagrant | kalakladaat / in the vagrants | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | kalakdanfrom the vagrant | kalakladanfrom the vagrants | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | kalagımmy vagrant | kalaklarımmy vagrants |
| your | kalagıngyour vagrant | kalaklarıngyour vagrants |
| his / her | kalagıhis / her vagrant | kalaklarıhis / her vagrants |
| our | kalagıbızour vagrant | kalaklarıbızour vagrants |
| you all's | kalagığızyou all's vagrant | kalaklarığızyou all's vagrants |
| their | kalaklarıtheir vagrant | kalaklarıtheir vagrants |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: kalakları can mean "his / her vagrants", "their vagrant", or "their vagrants" — context decides.