kalak
/kalak/ · plural kalakla
vagrant, homeless wanderer — Also used before a noun to mean stray or roaming, as in kalak it and kalak adam.
- kalak it — a stray dog
- kalak adam — a homeless wanderer
- ol kalakdı — he is a vagrant
- kalak aylanırğa — to wander about homeless
- kalak bolub qalırğa — to end up a vagrant
- ol kalak itça aylanadı — he wanders about like a stray dog
- kalak itça, jortub aylanadı — like a stray dog, he trots about
Expressions
- kalak it kibik — idle loafer
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | kalakthe vagrant | kalagımmy vagrant | kalagıŋyour vagrant | kalagıhis vagrant | kalagıbızour vagrant | kalagığızyou all's vagrant | kalaklarıtheir vagrants |
| Genitive | kalaknıthe vagrant's | kalagımımy vagrant's | kalagıŋıyour vagrant's | kalagınıhis vagrant's | kalagıbıznıour vagrant's | kalagığıznıyou all's vagrant's | kalaklarınıtheir vagrants' |
| Accusative | kalaknıthe vagrant (as the object) | kalagımımy vagrant (as the object) | kalagıŋıyour vagrant (as the object) | kalagınhis vagrant (as the object) | kalagıbıznıour vagrant (as the object) | kalagığıznıyou all's vagrant (as the object) | kalaklarıntheir vagrants (as the object) |
| Dative | kalakgato the vagrant | kalagımato my vagrant | kalagıŋato your vagrant | kalagınato his vagrant | kalagıbızğato our vagrant | kalagığızğato you all's vagrant | kalaklarınato their vagrants |
| Locative | kalakdain / at the vagrant | kalagımdain / at my vagrant | kalagıŋdain / at your vagrant | kalagındain / at his vagrant | kalagıbızdain / at our vagrant | kalagığızdain / at you all's vagrant | kalaklarındain / at their vagrants |
| Ablative | kalakdanfrom the vagrant | kalagımdanfrom my vagrant | kalagıŋdanfrom your vagrant | kalagındanfrom his vagrant | kalagıbızdanfrom our vagrant | kalagığızdanfrom you all's vagrant | kalaklarındanfrom their vagrants |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | kalaklathe vagrants | kalaklarımmy vagrants | kalaklarıŋyour vagrants | kalaklarıhis vagrants | kalaklarıbızour vagrants | kalaklarığızyou all's vagrants | kalaklarıtheir vagrants |
| Genitive | kalaklanıthe vagrants' | kalaklarımımy vagrants' | kalaklarıŋıyour vagrants' | kalaklarınıhis vagrants' | kalaklarıbıznıour vagrants' | kalaklarığıznıyou all's vagrants' | kalaklarınıtheir vagrants' |
| Accusative | kalaklanıthe vagrants (as the object) | kalaklarımımy vagrants (as the object) | kalaklarıŋıyour vagrants (as the object) | kalaklarınhis vagrants (as the object) | kalaklarıbıznıour vagrants (as the object) | kalaklarığıznıyou all's vagrants (as the object) | kalaklarıntheir vagrants (as the object) |
| Dative | kalaklağato the vagrants | kalaklarımato my vagrants | kalaklarıŋato your vagrants | kalaklarınato his vagrants | kalaklarıbızğato our vagrants | kalaklarığızğato you all's vagrants | kalaklarınato their vagrants |
| Locative | kalakladain / at the vagrants | kalaklarımdain / at my vagrants | kalaklarıŋdain / at your vagrants | kalaklarındain / at his vagrants | kalaklarıbızdain / at our vagrants | kalaklarığızdain / at you all's vagrants | kalaklarındain / at their vagrants |
| Ablative | kalakladanfrom the vagrants | kalaklarımdanfrom my vagrants | kalaklarıŋdanfrom your vagrants | kalaklarındanfrom his vagrants | kalaklarıbızdanfrom our vagrants | kalaklarığızdanfrom you all's vagrants | kalaklarındanfrom their vagrants |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: kalakları can mean "his / her vagrants", "their vagrant", or "their vagrants" — context decides.
Whose it is
| Case | one thing, one owner | several things, one owner | one thing, several owners | several things, several owners |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | kalaknıqıthe vagrant's one | kalaknıqılathe vagrant's ones | kalaklanıqıthe vagrants' one | kalaklanıqılathe vagrants' ones |
| Genitive | kalaknıqınıof the vagrant's one | kalaknıqılanıof the vagrant's ones | kalaklanıqınıof the vagrants' one | kalaklanıqılanıof the vagrants' ones |
| Accusative | kalaknıqınthe vagrant's one (as the object) | kalaknıqılanıthe vagrant's ones (as the object) | kalaklanıqınthe vagrants' one (as the object) | kalaklanıqılanıthe vagrants' ones (as the object) |
| Dative | kalaknıqınato the vagrant's one | kalaknıqılağato the vagrant's ones | kalaklanıqınato the vagrants' one | kalaklanıqılağato the vagrants' ones |
| Locative | kalaknıqındain / at the vagrant's one | kalaknıqıladain / at the vagrant's ones | kalaklanıqındain / at the vagrants' one | kalaklanıqıladain / at the vagrants' ones |
| Ablative | kalaknıqındanfrom the vagrant's one | kalaknıqıladanfrom the vagrant's ones | kalaklanıqındanfrom the vagrants' one | kalaklanıqıladanfrom the vagrants' ones |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.