küçenirge
/kytʃenirɡe/
1. strain, exert oneself, make an effort, push hard
- maşoknu küçenib költür — strain and lift the sack
- küçenib işleydi — he works hard, straining himself
- biz küçenib işledik — we worked hard, straining ourselves
- ol küçendi da, taşnı költürdü — he strained and lifted the stone
- ne küçense da, boş küreşedi — however hard he strains, he struggles in vain
- küçen da, qoluŋdan kelgenni et — strain yourself and do what you can
- küçenib maşoknu költürdü — he strained and lifted the sack
2. bear down, push (as in giving birth) — Used for example of an animal in labor: a cow straining to calve. one source
- iynek qozlarğa küçenedi — the cow is straining to calve
- iynek bek küçendi — the cow bore down hard
Conjugation
Common forms
- küçenedihe is straining
- küçendihe strained
- küçenŋendihe has strained
- küçenirhe will strain
- küçennikdihe is going to strain
- küçene edihe was straining
- küçenseif he strains
- küçen!strain!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menküçenemeI am straining | senküçeneseyou are straining | olküçenedihe is straining | bizküçenebizwe are straining | sizküçenesizyou all are straining | alaküçenedilethey are straining |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menküçenmeymeI am not straining | senküçenmeyseyou are not straining | olküçenmeydihe is not straining | bizküçenmeybizwe are not straining | sizküçenmeysizyou all are not straining | alaküçenmeydilethey are not straining |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menküçenememi? küçenemime?am I straining? | senküçenemise?are you straining? | olküçenemidi?is he straining? | bizküçenebizmi? küçenemibiz?are we straining? | sizküçenemisiz?are you all straining? | alaküçenemidile?are they straining? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menküçenmeymemi? küçenmeymime?aren't I straining? | senküçenmeymise?aren't you straining? | olküçenmeymidi?isn't he straining? | bizküçenmeybizmi? küçenmeymibiz?aren't we straining? | sizküçenmeymisiz?aren't you all straining? | alaküçenmeymidile?aren't they straining? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menküçeniwçenmeI usually strain | senküçeniwçenseyou usually strain | olküçeniwçendihe usually strains | bizküçeniwçenbizwe usually strain | sizküçeniwçensizyou all usually strain | alaküçeniwçendilethey usually strain |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menküçenmewçenmeI usually don't strain | senküçenmewçenseyou usually don't strain | olküçenmewçendihe usually doesn't strain | bizküçenmewçenbizwe usually don't strain | sizküçenmewçensizyou all usually don't strain | alaküçenmewçendilethey usually don't strain |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menküçeniwçenmemi? küçeniwçenmime?do I usually strain? | senküçeniwçenmise?do you usually strain? | olküçeniwçenmidi?does he usually strain? | bizküçeniwçenbizmi? küçeniwçenmibiz?do we usually strain? | sizküçeniwçenmisiz?do you all usually strain? | alaküçeniwçenmidile?do they usually strain? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menküçenmewçenmemi? küçenmewçenmime?do I usually not strain? | senküçenmewçenmise?do you usually not strain? | olküçenmewçenmidi?does he usually not strain? | bizküçenmewçenbizmi? küçenmewçenmibiz?do we usually not strain? | sizküçenmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not strain? | alaküçenmewçenmidile?do they usually not strain? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olküçenibdihe has strained and remains so | alaküçenibdilethey have strained and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olküçenibmidi?has he strained? | alaküçenibmidile?have they strained? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menküçenib turamaI keep straining | senküçenib turasayou keep straining | olküçenib turadıhe keeps straining | bizküçenib turabızwe keep straining | sizküçenib turasızyou all keep straining | alaküçenib turadılathey keep straining |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menküçenib turmaymaI don't keep straining | senküçenib turmaysayou don't keep straining | olküçenib turmaydıhe doesn't keep straining | bizküçenib turmaybızwe don't keep straining | sizküçenib turmaysızyou all don't keep straining | alaküçenib turmaydılathey don't keep straining |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menküçenib turamamı? küçenib turamıma?do I keep straining? | senküçenib turamısa?do you keep straining? | olküçenib turamıdı?does he keep straining? | bizküçenib turabızmı? küçenib turamıbız?do we keep straining? | sizküçenib turamısız?do you all keep straining? | alaküçenib turamıdıla?do they keep straining? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menküçenib turmaymamı? küçenib turmaymıma?don't I keep straining? | senküçenib turmaymısa?don't you keep straining? | olküçenib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep straining? | bizküçenib turmaybızmı? küçenib turmaymıbız?don't we keep straining? | sizküçenib turmaymısız?don't you all keep straining? | alaküçenib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep straining? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menküçene turamaI am in the middle of straining | senküçene turasayou are in the middle of straining | olküçene turadıhe is in the middle of straining | bizküçene turabızwe are in the middle of straining | sizküçene turasızyou all are in the middle of straining | alaküçene turadılathey are in the middle of straining |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menküçene turmaymaI am not in the middle of straining | senküçene turmaysayou are not in the middle of straining | olküçene turmaydıhe is not in the middle of straining | bizküçene turmaybızwe are not in the middle of straining | sizküçene turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of straining | alaküçene turmaydılathey are not in the middle of straining |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menküçene turamamı? küçene turamıma?am I in the middle of straining? | senküçene turamısa?are you in the middle of straining? | olküçene turamıdı?is he in the middle of straining? | bizküçene turabızmı? küçene turamıbız?are we in the middle of straining? | sizküçene turamısız?are you all in the middle of straining? | alaküçene turamıdıla?are they in the middle of straining? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menküçene turmaymamı? küçene turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of straining? | senküçene turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of straining? | olküçene turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of straining? | bizküçene turmaybızmı? küçene turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of straining? | sizküçene turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of straining? | alaküçene turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of straining? |
| Simple past (definite) | menküçendimI strained | senküçendiŋyou strained | olküçendihe strained | bizküçendikwe strained | sizküçendigizyou all strained | alaküçendilethey strained |
| Simple past (definite) | menküçenmedimI didn't strain | senküçenmediŋyou didn't strain | olküçenmedihe didn't strain | bizküçenmedikwe didn't strain | sizküçenmedigizyou all didn't strain | alaküçenmedilethey didn't strain |
| Simple past (definite) | menküçendimmi?did I strain? | senküçendiŋmi?did you strain? | olküçendimi?did he strain? | bizküçendikmi?did we strain? | sizküçendigizmi?did you all strain? | alaküçendilemi?did they strain? |
| Simple past (definite) | menküçenmedimmi?didn't I strain? | senküçenmediŋmi?didn't you strain? | olküçenmedimi?didn't he strain? | bizküçenmedikmi?didn't we strain? | sizküçenmedigizmi?didn't you all strain? | alaküçenmedilemi?didn't they strain? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menküçenŋenmeI have strained | senküçenŋenseyou have strained | olküçenŋendihe has strained | bizküçenŋenbizwe have strained | sizküçenŋensizyou all have strained | alaküçenŋendilethey have strained |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menküçenmegenmeI haven't strained | senküçenmegenseyou haven't strained | olküçenmegendihe hasn't strained | bizküçenmegenbizwe haven't strained | sizküçenmegensizyou all haven't strained | alaküçenmegendilethey haven't strained |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menküçenŋenmemi? küçenŋenmime?have I strained? | senküçenŋenmise?have you strained? | olküçenŋenmidi?has he strained? | bizküçenŋenbizmi? küçenŋenmibiz?have we strained? | sizküçenŋenmisiz?have you all strained? | alaküçenŋenmidile?have they strained? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menküçenmegenmemi? küçenmegenmime?haven't I strained? | senküçenmegenmise?haven't you strained? | olküçenmegenmidi?hasn't he strained? | bizküçenmegenbizmi? küçenmegenmibiz?haven't we strained? | sizküçenmegenmisiz?haven't you all strained? | alaküçenmegenmidile?haven't they strained? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menküçenib turdumI kept straining | senküçenib turduŋyou kept straining | olküçenib turduhe kept straining | bizküçenib turduqwe kept straining | sizküçenib turduğuzyou all kept straining | alaküçenib turdulathey kept straining |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menküçenib turmadımI didn't keep straining | senküçenib turmadıŋyou didn't keep straining | olküçenib turmadıhe didn't keep straining | bizküçenib turmadıqwe didn't keep straining | sizküçenib turmadığızyou all didn't keep straining | alaküçenib turmadılathey didn't keep straining |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menküçenirmeI will strain | senküçenirseyou will strain | olküçenirhe will strain | bizküçenirbizwe will strain | sizküçenirsizyou all will strain | alaküçenirlethey will strain |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menküçenmezmeI won't strain | senküçenmezseyou won't strain | olküçenmezhe won't strain | bizküçenmezbizwe won't strain | sizküçenmezsizyou all won't strain | alaküçenmezlethey won't strain |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menküçenirmemi? küçenirmime?will I strain? | senküçenirmise?will you strain? | olküçenirmi?will he strain? | bizküçenirbizmi? küçenirmibiz?will we strain? | sizküçenirmisiz?will you all strain? | alaküçenirlemi? küçenirmile?will they strain? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menküçenmezmemi? küçenmezmime?won't I strain? | senküçenmezmise?won't you strain? | olküçenmezmi?won't he strain? | bizküçenmezbizmi? küçenmezmibiz?won't we strain? | sizküçenmezmisiz?won't you all strain? | alaküçenmezlemi? küçenmezmile?won't they strain? |
| Definite future (future II) | menküçennikme1küçenirikmeI am going to strain | senküçennikse1küçenirikseyou are going to strain | olküçennikdi1küçenirikdihe is going to strain | bizküçennikbiz1küçenirikbizwe are going to strain | sizküçenniksiz1küçeniriksizyou all are going to strain | alaküçennikdile1küçenirikdilethey are going to strain |
| Definite future (future II) | menküçennik tülme1küçenirik tülmeI am not going to strain | senküçennik tülse1küçenirik tülseyou are not going to strain | olküçennik tüldü1küçenirik tüldühe is not going to strain | bizküçennik tülbüz1küçenirik tülbüzwe are not going to strain | sizküçennik tülsüz1küçenirik tülsüzyou all are not going to strain | alaküçennik tüldüle1küçenirik tüldülethey are not going to strain |
| Definite future (future II) | menküçennikmemi?1 küçennikmime?küçenirikmemi?am I going to strain? | senküçennikmise?1küçenirikmise?are you going to strain? | olküçennikmidi?1küçenirikmidi?is he going to strain? | bizküçennikbizmi?1 küçennikmibiz?küçenirikbizmi?are we going to strain? | sizküçennikmisiz?1küçenirikmisiz?are you all going to strain? | alaküçennikmidile?1küçenirikmidile?are they going to strain? |
| Definite future (future II) | menküçennik tülmüme?1küçenirik tülmüme?aren't I going to strain? | senküçennik tülmüse?1küçenirik tülmüse?aren't you going to strain? | olküçennik tülmüdü?1küçenirik tülmüdü?isn't he going to strain? | bizküçennik tülmübüz?1küçenirik tülmübüz?aren't we going to strain? | sizküçennik tülmüsüz?1küçenirik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to strain? | alaküçennik tülmüdüle?1küçenirik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to strain? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so küçenirikdi
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menküçenŋen edimküçenŋenemI had strained | senküçenŋen ediŋküçenŋeneŋyou had strained | olküçenŋen ediküçenŋenedhe had strained | bizküçenŋen edikküçenŋenekwe had strained | sizküçenŋen edigizküçenŋenegizyou all had strained | alaküçenŋen edileküçenŋenellethey had strained |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menküçenmegen edimküçenmegenemI hadn't strained | senküçenmegen ediŋküçenmegeneŋyou hadn't strained | olküçenmegen ediküçenmegenedhe hadn't strained | bizküçenmegen edikküçenmegenekwe hadn't strained | sizküçenmegen edigizküçenmegenegizyou all hadn't strained | alaküçenmegen edileküçenmegenellethey hadn't strained |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menküçene edimküçenemI was straining | senküçene ediŋküçeneŋyou were straining | olküçene ediküçenedhe was straining | bizküçene edikküçenekwe were straining | sizküçene edigizküçenegizyou all were straining | alaküçene edileküçenellethey were straining |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menküçenmey edimküçenmeyemI wasn't straining | senküçenmey ediŋküçenmeyeŋyou weren't straining | olküçenmey ediküçenmeyedhe wasn't straining | bizküçenmey edikküçenmeyekwe weren't straining | sizküçenmey edigizküçenmeyegizyou all weren't straining | alaküçenmey edileküçenmeyellethey weren't straining |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menküçeniwçen edimküçeniwçenemI used to strain | senküçeniwçen ediŋküçeniwçeneŋyou used to strain | olküçeniwçen ediküçeniwçenedhe used to strain | bizküçeniwçen edikküçeniwçenekwe used to strain | sizküçeniwçen edigizküçeniwçenegizyou all used to strain | alaküçeniwçen edileküçeniwçenellethey used to strain |
| Habitual past (used to) | menküçenmewçen edimküçenmewçenemI didn't use to strain | senküçenmewçen ediŋküçenmewçeneŋyou didn't use to strain | olküçenmewçen ediküçenmewçenedhe didn't use to strain | bizküçenmewçen edikküçenmewçenekwe didn't use to strain | sizküçenmewçen edigizküçenmewçenegizyou all didn't use to strain | alaküçenmewçen edileküçenmewçenellethey didn't use to strain |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olküçenib edihe had strained and remained so | alaküçenib edilethey had strained and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olküçenib tül edihe hadn't strained | alaküçenib tül edilethey hadn't strained | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menküçenib tura edimküçenib turaemI had kept straining | senküçenib tura ediŋküçenib turaeŋyou had kept straining | olküçenib tura ediküçenib turaedhe had kept straining | bizküçenib tura edikküçenib turaekwe had kept straining | sizküçenib tura edigizküçenib turaegizyou all had kept straining | alaküçenib tura edileküçenib turaellethey had kept straining |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menküçenib turmay edimküçenib turmayemI hadn't kept straining | senküçenib turmay ediŋküçenib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept straining | olküçenib turmay ediküçenib turmayedhe hadn't kept straining | bizküçenib turmay edikküçenib turmayekwe hadn't kept straining | sizküçenib turmay edigizküçenib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept straining | alaküçenib turmay edileküçenib turmayellethey hadn't kept straining |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menküçene tura edimküçene turaemI was in the middle of straining | senküçene tura ediŋküçene turaeŋyou were in the middle of straining | olküçene tura ediküçene turaedhe was in the middle of straining | bizküçene tura edikküçene turaekwe were in the middle of straining | sizküçene tura edigizküçene turaegizyou all were in the middle of straining | alaküçene tura edileküçene turaellethey were in the middle of straining |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menküçene turmay edimküçene turmayemI wasn't in the middle of straining | senküçene turmay ediŋküçene turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of straining | olküçene turmay ediküçene turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of straining | bizküçene turmay edikküçene turmayekwe weren't in the middle of straining | sizküçene turmay edigizküçene turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of straining | alaküçene turmay edileküçene turmayellethey weren't in the middle of straining |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menküçenir edimküçenir emI would strain | senküçenir ediŋküçenir eŋyou would strain | olküçenir ediküçenir edhe would strain | bizküçenir edikküçenir ekwe would strain | sizküçenir edigizküçenir egizyou all would strain | alaküçenir edileküçenir ellethey would strain |
| Conditional result (would) | menküçenmez edimküçenmez emI wouldn't strain | senküçenmez ediŋküçenmez eŋyou wouldn't strain | olküçenmez ediküçenmez edhe wouldn't strain | bizküçenmez edikküçenmez ekwe wouldn't strain | sizküçenmez edigizküçenmez egizyou all wouldn't strain | alaküçenmez edileküçenmez ellethey wouldn't strain |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menküçennik edim2küçennik emküçenirik edimI would have strained | senküçennik ediŋ2küçennik eŋküçenirik ediŋyou would have strained | olküçennik edi2küçennik edküçenirik edihe would have strained | bizküçennik edik2küçennik ekküçenirik edikwe would have strained | sizküçennik edigiz2küçennik egizküçenirik edigizyou all would have strained | alaküçennik edile2küçennik elleküçenirik edilethey would have strained |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menküçennik tül edim2küçennik tül emküçenirik tül edimI wouldn't have strained | senküçennik tül ediŋ2küçennik tül eŋküçenirik tül ediŋyou wouldn't have strained | olküçennik tül edi2küçennik tül edküçenirik tül edihe wouldn't have strained | bizküçennik tül edik2küçennik tül ekküçenirik tül edikwe wouldn't have strained | sizküçennik tül edigiz2küçennik tül egizküçenirik tül edigizyou all wouldn't have strained | alaküçennik tül edile2küçennik tül elleküçenirik tül edilethey wouldn't have strained |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so küçenirik edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menküçensemif I strain | senküçenseŋif you strain | olküçenseif he strains | bizküçensekif we strain | sizküçensegizif you all strain | alaküçenseleif they strain |
| Conditional | menküçenmesemif I don't strain | senküçenmeseŋif you don't strain | olküçenmeseif he doesn't strain | bizküçenmesekif we don't strain | sizküçenmesegizif you all don't strain | alaküçenmeseleif they don't strain |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menküçene esemif I am straining | senküçene eseŋif you are straining | olküçene eseif he is straining | bizküçene esekif we are straining | sizküçene esegizif you all are straining | alaküçene eseleif they are straining |
| Conditional, present real | menküçenmey esemif I am not straining | senküçenmey eseŋif you are not straining | olküçenmey eseif he is not straining | bizküçenmey esekif we are not straining | sizküçenmey esegizif you all are not straining | alaküçenmey eseleif they are not straining |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menküçensem ediküçensem edif only I strained | senküçenseŋ ediküçenseŋ edif only you strained | olküçense ediküçensedif only he strained | bizküçensek ediküçensek edif only we strained | sizküçensegiz ediküçensegiz edif only you all strained | alaküçensele ediküçenseledif only they strained |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menküçenmesem ediküçenmesem edif only I didn't strain | senküçenmeseŋ ediküçenmeseŋ edif only you didn't strain | olküçenmese ediküçenmesedif only he didn't strain | bizküçenmesek ediküçenmesek edif only we didn't strain | sizküçenmesegiz ediküçenmesegiz edif only you all didn't strain | alaküçenmesele ediküçenmeseledif only they didn't strain |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menküçenib tursamif I carry on straining | senküçenib tursaŋif you carry on straining | olküçenib tursaif he carries on straining | bizküçenib tursaqif we carry on straining | sizküçenib tursağızif you all carry on straining | alaküçenib tursalaif they carry on straining |
| Durative conditional | menküçenib turmasamif I don't carry on straining | senküçenib turmasaŋif you don't carry on straining | olküçenib turmasaif he doesn't carry on straining | bizküçenib turmasaqif we don't carry on straining | sizküçenib turmasağızif you all don't carry on straining | alaküçenib turmasalaif they don't carry on straining |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menküçenib tura esemif I have kept straining | senküçenib tura eseŋif you have kept straining | olküçenib tura eseif he has kept straining | bizküçenib tura esekif we have kept straining | sizküçenib tura esegizif you all have kept straining | alaküçenib tura eseleif they have kept straining |
| Durative conditional, present real | menküçenib turmay esemif I haven't kept straining | senküçenib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept straining | olküçenib turmay eseif he hasn't kept straining | bizküçenib turmay esekif we haven't kept straining | sizküçenib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept straining | alaküçenib turmay eseleif they haven't kept straining |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menküçene tursamif I keep straining | senküçene tursaŋif you keep straining | olküçene tursaif he keeps straining | bizküçene tursaqif we keep straining | sizküçene tursağızif you all keep straining | alaküçene tursalaif they keep straining |
| Progressive conditional | menküçenmey tursamif I keep on not straining | senküçenmey tursaŋif you keep on not straining | olküçenmey tursaif he keeps on not straining | bizküçenmey tursaqif we keep on not straining | sizküçenmey tursağızif you all keep on not straining | alaküçenmey tursalaif they keep on not straining |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menküçene tura esemif I am in the middle of straining | senküçene tura eseŋif you are in the middle of straining | olküçene tura eseif he is in the middle of straining | bizküçene tura esekif we are in the middle of straining | sizküçene tura esegizif you all are in the middle of straining | alaküçene tura eseleif they are in the middle of straining |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menküçenmey tura esemif I keep on not straining | senküçenmey tura eseŋif you keep on not straining | olküçenmey tura eseif he keeps on not straining | bizküçenmey tura esekif we keep on not straining | sizküçenmey tura esegizif you all keep on not straining | alaküçenmey tura eseleif they keep on not straining |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menküçendim esemif I strained | senküçendiŋ eseŋif you strained | olküçendi eseif he strained | bizküçendik esekif we strained | sizküçendigiz esegizif you all strained | alaküçendile eseleif they strained |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menküçenmedim esemif I didn't strain | senküçenmediŋ eseŋif you didn't strain | olküçenmedi eseif he didn't strain | bizküçenmedik esekif we didn't strain | sizküçenmedigiz esegizif you all didn't strain | alaküçenmedile eseleif they didn't strain |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menküçenŋen esemif I did strain (indeed) | senküçenŋen eseŋif you did strain (indeed) | olküçenŋen eseif he did strain (indeed) | bizküçenŋen esekif we did strain (indeed) | sizküçenŋen esegizif you all did strain (indeed) | alaküçenŋen eseleif they did strain (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menküçenmegen esemif I didn't strain (indeed) | senküçenmegen eseŋif you didn't strain (indeed) | olküçenmegen eseif he didn't strain (indeed) | bizküçenmegen esekif we didn't strain (indeed) | sizküçenmegen esegizif you all didn't strain (indeed) | alaküçenmegen eseleif they didn't strain (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menküçenŋen bolsamif I had strained | senküçenŋen bolsaŋif you had strained | olküçenŋen bolsaif he had strained | bizküçenŋen bolsaqif we had strained | sizküçenŋen bolsağızif you all had strained | alaküçenŋen bolsalaif they had strained |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menküçenmegen bolsamif I hadn't strained | senküçenmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't strained | olküçenmegen bolsaif he hadn't strained | bizküçenmegen bolsaqif we hadn't strained | sizküçenmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't strained | alaküçenmegen bolsalaif they hadn't strained |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menküçenŋen bolsam ediküçenŋen bolsam edif only I had strained | senküçenŋen bolsaŋ ediküçenŋen bolsaŋ edif only you had strained | olküçenŋen bolsa ediküçenŋen bolsaedif only he had strained | bizküçenŋen bolsaq ediküçenŋen bolsaq edif only we had strained | sizküçenŋen bolsağız ediküçenŋen bolsağız edif only you all had strained | alaküçenŋen bolsala ediküçenŋen bolsalaedif only they had strained |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menküçenmegen bolsam ediküçenmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't strained | senküçenmegen bolsaŋ ediküçenmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't strained | olküçenmegen bolsa ediküçenmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't strained | bizküçenmegen bolsaq ediküçenmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't strained | sizküçenmegen bolsağız ediküçenmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't strained | alaküçenmegen bolsala ediküçenmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't strained |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menküçenir esemif I will strain | senküçenir eseŋif you will strain | olküçenir eseif he will strain | bizküçenir esekif we will strain | sizküçenir esegizif you all will strain | alaküçenir eseleif they will strain |
| Conditional, aorist | menküçenmez esemif I won't strain | senküçenmez eseŋif you won't strain | olküçenmez eseif he won't strain | bizküçenmez esekif we won't strain | sizküçenmez esegizif you all won't strain | alaküçenmez eseleif they won't strain |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menküçennik esem4küçenirik esemif I am going to strain | senküçennik eseŋ4küçenirik eseŋif you are going to strain | olküçennik ese4küçenirik eseif he is going to strain | bizküçennik esek4küçenirik esekif we are going to strain | sizküçennik esegiz4küçenirik esegizif you all are going to strain | alaküçennik esele4küçenirik eseleif they are going to strain |
| Conditional, future | menküçennik tül esem4küçenirik tül esemif I am not going to strain | senküçennik tül eseŋ4küçenirik tül eseŋif you are not going to strain | olküçennik tül ese4küçenirik tül eseif he is not going to strain | bizküçennik tül esek4küçenirik tül esekif we are not going to strain | sizküçennik tül esegiz4küçenirik tül esegizif you all are not going to strain | alaküçennik tül esele4küçenirik tül eseleif they are not going to strain |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menküçennik bolsam5küçenirik bolsamif I were going to strain | senküçennik bolsaŋ5küçenirik bolsaŋif you were going to strain | olküçennik bolsa5küçenirik bolsaif he were going to strain | bizküçennik bolsaq5küçenirik bolsaqif we were going to strain | sizküçennik bolsağız5küçenirik bolsağızif you all were going to strain | alaküçennik bolsala5küçenirik bolsalaif they were going to strain |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menküçenmezlik bolsamif I were not going to strain | senküçenmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to strain | olküçenmezlik bolsaif he were not going to strain | bizküçenmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to strain | sizküçenmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to strain | alaküçenmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to strain |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso küçendiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so küçenirik ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so küçenirik bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menküçene bolurmaI must be straining | senküçene bolursayou must be straining | olküçene bolurhe must be straining | bizküçene bolurbuzwe must be straining | sizküçene bolursuzyou all must be straining | alaküçene bolurlathey must be straining |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menküçenmey bolurmaI must not be straining | senküçenmey bolursayou must not be straining | olküçenmey bolurhe must not be straining | bizküçenmey bolurbuzwe must not be straining | sizküçenmey bolursuzyou all must not be straining | alaküçenmey bolurlathey must not be straining |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menküçene tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of straining | senküçene tura bolursayou must be in the middle of straining | olküçene tura bolurhe must be in the middle of straining | bizküçene tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of straining | sizküçene tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of straining | alaküçene tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of straining |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menküçenmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not straining | senküçenmey tura bolursayou must keep on not straining | olküçenmey tura bolurhe must keep on not straining | bizküçenmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not straining | sizküçenmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not straining | alaküçenmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not straining |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menküçenŋen bolurmaI must have strained | senküçenŋen bolursayou must have strained | olküçenŋen bolurhe must have strained | bizküçenŋen bolurbuzwe must have strained | sizküçenŋen bolursuzyou all must have strained | alaküçenŋen bolurlathey must have strained |
| Inference (must have) | menküçenmegen bolurmaI must not have strained | senküçenmegen bolursayou must not have strained | olküçenmegen bolurhe must not have strained | bizküçenmegen bolurbuzwe must not have strained | sizküçenmegen bolursuzyou all must not have strained | alaküçenmegen bolurlathey must not have strained |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menküçennik bolurma6küçenirik bolurmaI must be going to strain | senküçennik bolursa6küçenirik bolursayou must be going to strain | olküçennik bolur6küçenirik bolurhe must be going to strain | bizküçennik bolurbuz6küçenirik bolurbuzwe must be going to strain | sizküçennik bolursuz6küçenirik bolursuzyou all must be going to strain | alaküçennik bolurla6küçenirik bolurlathey must be going to strain |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menküçenmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to strain | senküçenmezlik bolursayou must not be going to strain | olküçenmezlik bolurhe must not be going to strain | bizküçenmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to strain | sizküçenmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to strain | alaküçenmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to strain |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so küçenirik bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menküçeneyimlet me strain | senküçen!strain! | olküçensinlet him strain | bizküçeneyiklet's strain | sizküçenigiz!strain, you all! | alaküçensinlelet them strain |
| Commands & suggestions | menküçenmeyimlet me not strain | senküçenme!don't strain! | olküçenmesinlet him not strain | bizküçenmeyiklet's not strain | sizküçenmegiz!don't strain, you all! | alaküçenmesinlelet them not strain |
| Commands & suggestions | menküçeneyimmi?shall I strain? | olküçensinmi?should he strain? | bizküçeneyikmi?shall we strain? | alaküçensinlemi?should they strain? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menküçenmeyimmi?shall I not strain? | olküçenmesinmi?should he not strain? | bizküçenmeyikmi?shall we not strain? | alaküçenmesinlemi?should they not strain? | ||
| Requests | senküçençi7küçençinplease strain | olküçensinçido let him strain | sizküçençigizplease strain (plural/polite) | alaküçensinleçido let them strain | ||
| Requests | senküçenmeçi7küçenmeçinplease don't strain | olküçenmesinçido let him not strain | sizküçenmeçigizplease don't strain (plural/polite) | alaküçenmesinleçido let them not strain | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senküçenŋinküçenŋimay you strain | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senküçenmeginküçenmegimay you not strain | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menküçenŋey edim küçenŋe edimwould that I strained | senküçenŋey ediŋ küçenŋe ediŋwould that you strained | olküçenŋey edi küçenŋe ediwould that he strained | bizküçenŋey edik küçenŋe edikwould that we strained | sizküçenŋey edigiz küçenŋe edigizwould that you all strained | alaküçenŋey edile küçenŋe edilewould that they strained |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menküçenmegey edim küçenmege edimwould that I did not strain | senküçenmegey ediŋ küçenmege ediŋwould that you did not strain | olküçenmegey edi küçenmege ediwould that he did not strain | bizküçenmegey edik küçenmege edikwould that we did not strain | sizküçenmegey edigiz küçenmege edigizwould that you all did not strain | alaküçenmegey edile küçenmege edilewould that they did not strain |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menküçenmege qoyayımküçenme qoyayımlet me allow someone to strain | senküçenmege qoy!küçenme qoy!let someone strain! | olküçenmege qoysunküçenme qoysunlet him allow someone to strain | bizküçenmege qoyayıqküçenme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to strain | sizküçenmege qoyuğuz!küçenme qoyuğuz!let someone strain, you all! | alaküçenmege qoysunlaküçenme qoysunlalet them allow someone to strain |
| Let someone… (commands) | menküçenmege qoymayımküçenme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to strain | senküçenmege qoyma!küçenme qoyma!don't let someone strain! | olküçenmege qoymasınküçenme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to strain | bizküçenmege qoymayıqküçenme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to strain | sizküçenmege qoymağız!küçenme qoymağız!don't let someone strain, you all! | alaküçenmege qoymasınlaküçenme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to strain |
| Let someone… (commands) | menküçenmege qoyayımmı?küçenme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to strain? | olküçenmege qoysunmu?küçenme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to strain? | bizküçenmege qoyayıqmı?küçenme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to strain? | alaküçenmege qoysunlamı?küçenme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to strain? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menküçenmege qoymayımmı?küçenme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to strain? | olküçenmege qoymasınmı?küçenme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to strain? | bizküçenmege qoymayıqmı?küçenme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to strain? | alaküçenmege qoymasınlamı?küçenme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to strain? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menküçenmege qoyamaküçenme qoyamaI allow someone to strain | senküçenmege qoyasaküçenme qoyasayou allow someone to strain | olküçenmege qoyadıküçenme qoyadıhe allows someone to strain | bizküçenmege qoyabızküçenme qoyabızwe allow someone to strain | sizküçenmege qoyasızküçenme qoyasızyou all allow someone to strain | alaküçenmege qoyadılaküçenme qoyadılathey allow someone to strain |
| Let someone… (present) | menküçenmege qoymaymaküçenme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to strain | senküçenmege qoymaysaküçenme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to strain | olküçenmege qoymaydıküçenme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to strain | bizküçenmege qoymaybızküçenme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to strain | sizküçenmege qoymaysızküçenme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to strain | alaküçenmege qoymaydılaküçenme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to strain |
| Let someone… (present) | menküçenmege qoyamamı?küçenme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to strain? | senküçenmege qoyamısa?küçenme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to strain? | olküçenmege qoyamıdı?küçenme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to strain? | bizküçenmege qoyabızmı?küçenme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to strain? | sizküçenmege qoyamısız?küçenme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to strain? | alaküçenmege qoyamıdıla?küçenme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to strain? |
| Let someone… (present) | menküçenmege qoymaymamı?küçenme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to strain? | senküçenmege qoymaymısa?küçenme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to strain? | olküçenmege qoymaymıdı?küçenme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to strain? | bizküçenmege qoymaybızmı?küçenme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to strain? | sizküçenmege qoymaymısız?küçenme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to strain? | alaküçenmege qoymaymıdıla?küçenme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to strain? |
| Let someone… (past) | menküçenmege qoydumküçenme qoydumI allowed someone to strain | senküçenmege qoyduŋküçenme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to strain | olküçenmege qoyduküçenme qoyduhe allowed someone to strain | bizküçenmege qoyduqküçenme qoyduqwe allowed someone to strain | sizküçenmege qoyduğuzküçenme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to strain | alaküçenmege qoydulaküçenme qoydulathey allowed someone to strain |
| Let someone… (past) | menküçenmege qoymadımküçenme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to strain | senküçenmege qoymadıŋküçenme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to strain | olküçenmege qoymadıküçenme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to strain | bizküçenmege qoymadıqküçenme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to strain | sizküçenmege qoymadığızküçenme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to strain | alaküçenmege qoymadılaküçenme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to strain |
| Let someone… (past) | menküçenmege qoydummu?küçenme qoydummu?did I allow someone to strain? | senküçenmege qoyduŋmu?küçenme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to strain? | olküçenmege qoydumu?küçenme qoydumu?did he allow someone to strain? | bizküçenmege qoyduqmu?küçenme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to strain? | sizküçenmege qoyduğuzmu?küçenme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to strain? | alaküçenmege qoydulamı?küçenme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to strain? |
| Let someone… (past) | menküçenmege qoymadımmı?küçenme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to strain? | senküçenmege qoymadıŋmı?küçenme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to strain? | olküçenmege qoymadımı?küçenme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to strain? | bizküçenmege qoymadıqmı?küçenme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to strain? | sizküçenmege qoymadığızmı?küçenme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to strain? | alaküçenmege qoymadılamı?küçenme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to strain? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
küçenalırğa be able to strain · küçenalmazğa be unable to strain
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menküçenalamaI can strain | senküçenalasayou can strain | olküçenaladıhe can strain | bizküçenalabızwe can strain | sizküçenalasızyou all can strain | alaküçenaladılathey can strain |
| Ability — present | menküçenalmaymaI can't strain | senküçenalmaysayou can't strain | olküçenalmaydıhe can't strain | bizküçenalmaybızwe can't strain | sizküçenalmaysızyou all can't strain | alaküçenalmaydılathey can't strain |
| Ability — present | menküçenalamamı? küçenalamıma?can I strain? | senküçenalamısa?can you strain? | olküçenalamıdı?can he strain? | bizküçenalabızmı? küçenalamıbız?can we strain? | sizküçenalamısız?can you all strain? | alaküçenalamıdıla?can they strain? |
| Ability — present | menküçenalmaymamı? küçenalmaymıma?can't I strain? | senküçenalmaymısa?can't you strain? | olküçenalmaymıdı?can't he strain? | bizküçenalmaybızmı? küçenalmaymıbız?can't we strain? | sizküçenalmaymısız?can't you all strain? | alaküçenalmaymıdıla?can't they strain? |
| Ability — if I can… | menküçenalsamif I can strain | senküçenalsaŋif you can strain | olküçenalsaif he can strain | bizküçenalsaqif we can strain | sizküçenalsağızif you all can strain | alaküçenalsalaif they can strain |
| Ability — if I can… | menküçenalmasamif I can't strain | senküçenalmasaŋif you can't strain | olküçenalmasaif he can't strain | bizküçenalmasaqif we can't strain | sizküçenalmasağızif you all can't strain | alaküçenalmasalaif they can't strain |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menküçenaldımI was able to strain | senküçenaldıŋyou were able to strain | olküçenaldıhe was able to strain | bizküçenaldıqwe were able to strain | sizküçenaldığızyou all were able to strain | alaküçenaldılathey were able to strain |
| Ability — simple past | menküçenalmadımI could not strain | senküçenalmadıŋyou could not strain | olküçenalmadıhe could not strain | bizküçenalmadıqwe could not strain | sizküçenalmadığızyou all could not strain | alaküçenalmadılathey could not strain |
| Ability — simple past | menküçenaldımmı?was I able to strain? | senküçenaldıŋmı?were you able to strain? | olküçenaldımı?was he able to strain? | bizküçenaldıqmı?were we able to strain? | sizküçenaldığızmı?were you all able to strain? | alaküçenaldılamı?were they able to strain? |
| Ability — simple past | menküçenalmadımmı?couldn't I strain? | senküçenalmadıŋmı?couldn't you strain? | olküçenalmadımı?couldn't he strain? | bizküçenalmadıqmı?couldn't we strain? | sizküçenalmadığızmı?couldn't you all strain? | alaküçenalmadılamı?couldn't they strain? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menküçenalğanmaI have been able to strain | senküçenalğansayou have been able to strain | olküçenalğandıhe has been able to strain | bizküçenalğanbızwe have been able to strain | sizküçenalğansızyou all have been able to strain | alaküçenalğandılathey have been able to strain |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menküçenalmağanmaI haven't been able to strain | senküçenalmağansayou haven't been able to strain | olküçenalmağandıhe hasn't been able to strain | bizküçenalmağanbızwe haven't been able to strain | sizküçenalmağansızyou all haven't been able to strain | alaküçenalmağandılathey haven't been able to strain |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menküçenalğanmamı? küçenalğanmıma?have I been able to strain? | senküçenalğanmısa?have you been able to strain? | olküçenalğanmıdı?has he been able to strain? | bizküçenalğanbızmı? küçenalğanmıbız?have we been able to strain? | sizküçenalğanmısız?have you all been able to strain? | alaküçenalğanmıdıla?have they been able to strain? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menküçenalmağanmamı? küçenalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to strain? | senküçenalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to strain? | olküçenalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to strain? | bizküçenalmağanbızmı? küçenalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to strain? | sizküçenalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to strain? | alaküçenalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to strain? |
| Ability — past perfect | menküçenalğan edimküçenalğanemI had been able to strain | senküçenalğan ediŋküçenalğaneŋyou had been able to strain | olküçenalğan ediküçenalğanedhe had been able to strain | bizküçenalğan edikküçenalğanekwe had been able to strain | sizküçenalğan edigizküçenalğanegizyou all had been able to strain | alaküçenalğan edileküçenalğanellethey had been able to strain |
| Ability — past perfect | menküçenalmağan edimküçenalmağanemI hadn't been able to strain | senküçenalmağan ediŋküçenalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to strain | olküçenalmağan ediküçenalmağanedhe hadn't been able to strain | bizküçenalmağan edikküçenalmağanekwe hadn't been able to strain | sizküçenalmağan edigizküçenalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to strain | alaküçenalmağan edileküçenalmağanellethey hadn't been able to strain |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menküçenala edimküçenalaemI could strain | senküçenala ediŋküçenalaeŋyou could strain | olküçenala ediküçenalaedhe could strain | bizküçenala edikküçenalaekwe could strain | sizküçenala edigizküçenalaegizyou all could strain | alaküçenala edileküçenalaellethey could strain |
| Ability — past background | menküçenalmay edimküçenalmayemI could not strain | senküçenalmay ediŋküçenalmayeŋyou could not strain | olküçenalmay ediküçenalmayedhe could not strain | bizküçenalmay edikküçenalmayekwe could not strain | sizküçenalmay edigizküçenalmayegizyou all could not strain | alaküçenalmay edileküçenalmayellethey could not strain |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menküçenalırmaI will be able to strain | senküçenalırsayou will be able to strain | olküçenalırhe will be able to strain | bizküçenalırbızwe will be able to strain | sizküçenalırsızyou all will be able to strain | alaküçenalırlathey will be able to strain |
| Ability — future I | menküçenalmazmaI won't be able to strain | senküçenalmazsayou won't be able to strain | olküçenalmazhe won't be able to strain | bizküçenalmazbızwe won't be able to strain | sizküçenalmazsızyou all won't be able to strain | alaküçenalmazlathey won't be able to strain |
| Ability — future I | menküçenalırmamı? küçenalırmıma?will I be able to strain? | senküçenalırmısa?will you be able to strain? | olküçenalırmı?will he be able to strain? | bizküçenalırbızmı? küçenalırmıbız?will we be able to strain? | sizküçenalırmısız?will you all be able to strain? | alaküçenalırlamı? küçenalırmıla?will they be able to strain? |
| Ability — future I | menküçenalmazmamı? küçenalmazmıma?won't I be able to strain? | senküçenalmazmısa?won't you be able to strain? | olküçenalmazmı?won't he be able to strain? | bizküçenalmazbızmı? küçenalmazmıbız?won't we be able to strain? | sizküçenalmazmısız?won't you all be able to strain? | alaküçenalmazlamı? küçenalmazmıla?won't they be able to strain? |
| Ability — future II | menküçenallıqmaI am going to be able to strain | senküçenallıqsayou are going to be able to strain | olküçenallıqdıhe is going to be able to strain | bizküçenallıqbızwe are going to be able to strain | sizküçenallıqsızyou all are going to be able to strain | alaküçenallıqdılathey are going to be able to strain |
| Ability — future II | menküçenallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to strain | senküçenallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to strain | olküçenallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to strain | bizküçenallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to strain | sizküçenallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to strain | alaküçenallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to strain |
| Ability — future II | menküçenallıqmamı? küçenallıqmıma?am I going to be able to strain? | senküçenallıqmısa?are you going to be able to strain? | olküçenallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to strain? | bizküçenallıqbızmı? küçenallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to strain? | sizküçenallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to strain? | alaküçenallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to strain? |
| Ability — future II | menküçenallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to strain? | senküçenallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to strain? | olküçenallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to strain? | bizküçenallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to strain? | sizküçenallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to strain? | alaküçenallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to strain? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menküçenalır edimküçenalır emI would be able to strain | senküçenalır ediŋküçenalır eŋyou would be able to strain | olküçenalır ediküçenalır edhe would be able to strain | bizküçenalır edikküçenalır ekwe would be able to strain | sizküçenalır edigizküçenalır egizyou all would be able to strain | alaküçenalır edileküçenalır ellethey would be able to strain |
| Ability — would be able to… | menküçenalmaz edimküçenalmaz emI wouldn't be able to strain | senküçenalmaz ediŋküçenalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to strain | olküçenalmaz ediküçenalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to strain | bizküçenalmaz edikküçenalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to strain | sizküçenalmaz edigizküçenalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to strain | alaküçenalmaz edileküçenalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to strain |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senküçenalğınküçenalğımay you be able to strain | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senküçenalmağınküçenalmağımay you not be able to strain | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menküçenirge izleymeI want to strain | senküçenirge izleyseyou want to strain | olküçenirge izleydihe wants to strain | bizküçenirge izleybizwe want to strain | sizküçenirge izleysizyou all want to strain | alaküçenirge izleydilethey want to strain |
| want to | menküçenirge izlemeymeI do not want to strain | senküçenirge izlemeyseyou do not want to strain | olküçenirge izlemeydihe does not want to strain | bizküçenirge izlemeybizwe do not want to strain | sizküçenirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to strain | alaküçenirge izlemeydilethey do not want to strain |
| would like to | menküçenirge süemeI would like to strain | senküçenirge süeseyou would like to strain | olküçenirge süedihe would like to strain | bizküçenirge süebizwe would like to strain | sizküçenirge süesizyou all would like to strain | alaküçenirge süedilethey would like to strain |
| would like to | menküçenirge süymeymeI would not like to strain | senküçenirge süymeyseyou would not like to strain | olküçenirge süymeydihe would not like to strain | bizküçenirge süymeybizwe would not like to strain | sizküçenirge süymeysizyou all would not like to strain | alaküçenirge süymeydilethey would not like to strain |
| hope to | menküçenirge umutlanamaI hope to strain | senküçenirge umutlanasayou hope to strain | olküçenirge umutlanadıhe hopes to strain | bizküçenirge umutlanabızwe hope to strain | sizküçenirge umutlanasızyou all hope to strain | alaküçenirge umutlanadılathey hope to strain |
| hope to | menküçenirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to strain | senküçenirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to strain | olküçenirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to strain | bizküçenirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to strain | sizküçenirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to strain | alaküçenirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to strain |
| be about to | menküçenirge deb turamaI am about to strain | senküçenirge deb turasayou are about to strain | olküçenirge deb turadıhe is about to strain | bizküçenirge deb turabızwe are about to strain | sizküçenirge deb turasızyou all are about to strain | alaküçenirge deb turadılathey are about to strain |
| be about to | menküçenirge deb turmaymaI am not about to strain | senküçenirge deb turmaysayou are not about to strain | olküçenirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to strain | bizküçenirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to strain | sizküçenirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to strain | alaküçenirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to strain |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menküçenirge kerekmeI need to strain | senküçenirge kerekseyou need to strain | olküçenirge kerekdihe needs to strain | bizküçenirge kerekbizwe need to strain | sizküçenirge kereksizyou all need to strain | alaküçenirge kerekdilethey need to strain |
| need to | menküçenirge kerek tülmeI do not need to strain | senküçenirge kerek tülseyou do not need to strain | olküçenirge kerek tüldühe does not need to strain | bizküçenirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to strain | sizküçenirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to strain | alaküçenirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to strain |
| have to | menmenŋe küçenirge tüşediI have to strain | sensenŋe küçenirge tüşediyou have to strain | olaŋa küçenirge tüşedihe has to strain | bizbizge küçenirge tüşediwe have to strain | sizsizge küçenirge tüşediyou all have to strain | alaalağa küçenirge tüşedithey have to strain |
| have to | menmenŋe küçenirge tüşmeydiI do not have to strain | sensenŋe küçenirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to strain | olaŋa küçenirge tüşmeydihe does not have to strain | bizbizge küçenirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to strain | sizsizge küçenirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to strain | alaalağa küçenirge tüşmeydithey do not have to strain |
| be obliged to | menküçenirge borçlumaI am obliged to strain | senküçenirge borçlusayou are obliged to strain | olküçenirge borçluduhe is obliged to strain | bizküçenirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to strain | sizküçenirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to strain | alaküçenirge borçludulathey are obliged to strain |
| be obliged to | menküçenirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to strain | senküçenirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to strain | olküçenirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to strain | bizküçenirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to strain | sizküçenirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to strain | alaküçenirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to strain |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menküçenirge madarım bardıI have a way to strain | senküçenirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to strain | olküçenirge madarı bardıhe has a way to strain | bizküçenirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to strain | sizküçenirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to strain | alaküçenirge madarları bardıthey have a way to strain |
| have a way to | menküçenirge madarım joqduI have no way to strain | senküçenirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to strain | olküçenirge madarı joqduhe has no way to strain | bizküçenirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to strain | sizküçenirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to strain | alaküçenirge madarları joqduthey have no way to strain |
| be free to | menküçenirge erkinligim bardıI am free to strain | senküçenirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to strain | olküçenirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to strain | bizküçenirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to strain | sizküçenirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to strain | alaküçenirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to strain |
| be free to | menküçenirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to strain | senküçenirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to strain | olküçenirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to strain | bizküçenirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to strain | sizküçenirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to strain | alaküçenirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to strain |
| be possible to | menmenŋe küçenirge bolluqduit is possible for me to strain | sensenŋe küçenirge bolluqduit is possible for you to strain | olaŋa küçenirge bolluqduit is possible for him to strain | bizbizge küçenirge bolluqduit is possible for us to strain | sizsizge küçenirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to strain | alaalağa küçenirge bolluqduit is possible for them to strain |
| be possible to | menmenŋe küçenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to strain | sensenŋe küçenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to strain | olaŋa küçenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to strain | bizbizge küçenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to strain | sizsizge küçenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to strain | alaalağa küçenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to strain |
| be ready to | menküçenirge hazırmaI am ready to strain | senküçenirge hazırsayou are ready to strain | olküçenirge hazırdıhe is ready to strain | bizküçenirge hazırbızwe are ready to strain | sizküçenirge hazırsızyou all are ready to strain | alaküçenirge hazırdılathey are ready to strain |
| be ready to | menküçenirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to strain | senküçenirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to strain | olküçenirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to strain | bizküçenirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to strain | sizküçenirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to strain | alaküçenirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to strain |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menküçenirge küreşemeI am trying to strain | senküçenirge küreşeseyou are trying to strain | olküçenirge küreşedihe is trying to strain | bizküçenirge küreşebizwe are trying to strain | sizküçenirge küreşesizyou all are trying to strain | alaküçenirge küreşedilethey are trying to strain |
| try to | menküçenirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to strain | senküçenirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to strain | olküçenirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to strain | bizküçenirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to strain | sizküçenirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to strain | alaküçenirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to strain |
| agree to | menküçenirge unaymaI agree to strain | senküçenirge unaysayou agree to strain | olküçenirge unaydıhe agrees to strain | bizküçenirge unaybızwe agree to strain | sizküçenirge unaysızyou all agree to strain | alaküçenirge unaydılathey agree to strain |
| agree to | menküçenirge unamaymaI refuse to strain | senküçenirge unamaysayou refuse to strain | olküçenirge unamaydıhe refuses to strain | bizküçenirge unamaybızwe refuse to strain | sizküçenirge unamaysızyou all refuse to strain | alaküçenirge unamaydılathey refuse to strain |
| hurry to | menküçenirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to strain | senküçenirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to strain | olküçenirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to strain | bizküçenirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to strain | sizküçenirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to strain | alaküçenirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to strain |
| hurry to | menküçenirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to strain | senküçenirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to strain | olküçenirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to strain | bizküçenirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to strain | sizküçenirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to strain | alaküçenirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to strain |
| be afraid to | menküçenirge qorqamaI am afraid to strain | senküçenirge qorqasayou are afraid to strain | olküçenirge qorqadıhe is afraid to strain | bizküçenirge qorqabızwe are afraid to strain | sizküçenirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to strain | alaküçenirge qorqadılathey are afraid to strain |
| be afraid to | menküçenirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to strain | senküçenirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to strain | olküçenirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to strain | bizküçenirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to strain | sizküçenirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to strain | alaküçenirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to strain |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menküçene bolmazmaI can't be straining | senküçene bolmazsayou can't be straining | olküçene bolmazhe can't be straining | bizküçene bolmazbızwe can't be straining | sizküçene bolmazsızyou all can't be straining | alaküçene bolmazlathey can't be straining |
| Inference, present — double negation | menküçenmey bolmazmaI must be straining (emphatic) | senküçenmey bolmazsayou must be straining (emphatic) | olküçenmey bolmazhe must be straining (emphatic) | bizküçenmey bolmazbızwe must be straining (emphatic) | sizküçenmey bolmazsızyou all must be straining (emphatic) | alaküçenmey bolmazlathey must be straining (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menküçene turmasamif I don't keep straining | senküçene turmasaŋif you don't keep straining | olküçene turmasaif he doesn't keep straining | bizküçene turmasaqif we don't keep straining | sizküçene turmasağızif you all don't keep straining | alaküçene turmasalaif they don't keep straining |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menküçene tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of straining | senküçene tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of straining | olküçene tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of straining | bizküçene tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of straining | sizküçene tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of straining | alaküçene tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of straining |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menküçenmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not straining (emphatic) | senküçenmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not straining (emphatic) | olküçenmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not straining (emphatic) | bizküçenmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not straining (emphatic) | sizküçenmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not straining (emphatic) | alaküçenmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not straining (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menküçenmey turamaI keep on not straining | senküçenmey turasayou keep on not straining | olküçenmey turadıhe keeps on not straining | bizküçenmey turabızwe keep on not straining | sizküçenmey turasızyou all keep on not straining | alaküçenmey turadılathey keep on not straining |
| Progressive — double negation | menküçenmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not straining | senküçenmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not straining | olküçenmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not straining | bizküçenmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not straining | sizküçenmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not straining | alaküçenmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not straining |
| Progressive — double negation | menküçenmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not straining? | senküçenmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not straining? | olküçenmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not straining? | bizküçenmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not straining? | sizküçenmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not straining? | alaküçenmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not straining? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menküçenŋen bolmazmaI can't have strained | senküçenŋen bolmazsayou can't have strained | olküçenŋen bolmazhe can't have strained | bizküçenŋen bolmazbızwe can't have strained | sizküçenŋen bolmazsızyou all can't have strained | alaküçenŋen bolmazlathey can't have strained |
| Inference — double negation | menküçenmegen bolmazmaI must have strained (emphatic) | senküçenmegen bolmazsayou must have strained (emphatic) | olküçenmegen bolmazhe must have strained (emphatic) | bizküçenmegen bolmazbızwe must have strained (emphatic) | sizküçenmegen bolmazsızyou all must have strained (emphatic) | alaküçenmegen bolmazlathey must have strained (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menküçenŋen bolmasamif it weren't that I had strained | senküçenŋen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had strained | olküçenŋen bolmasaif it weren't that he had strained | bizküçenŋen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had strained | sizküçenŋen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had strained | alaküçenŋen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had strained |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menküçenmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't strained | senküçenmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't strained | olküçenmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't strained | bizküçenmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't strained | sizküçenmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't strained | alaküçenmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't strained |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menküçennik bolmazmaI can't be going to strain | senküçennik bolmazsayou can't be going to strain | olküçennik bolmazhe can't be going to strain | bizküçennik bolmazbızwe can't be going to strain | sizküçennik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to strain | alaküçennik bolmazlathey can't be going to strain |
| Inference, future — double negation | menküçenmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to strain (emphatic) | senküçenmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to strain (emphatic) | olküçenmezlik bolmazhe must be going to strain (emphatic) | bizküçenmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to strain (emphatic) | sizküçenmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to strain (emphatic) | alaküçenmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to strain (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menküçennik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to strain | senküçennik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to strain | olküçennik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to strain | bizküçennik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to strain | sizküçennik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to strain | alaküçennik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to strain |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menküçenmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to strain | senküçenmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to strain | olküçenmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to strain | bizküçenmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to strain | sizküçenmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to strain | alaküçenmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to strain |