kösew
/køsew/ · plural kösewle
Balkar spelling: kesew
verbal noun of köserge →
1. firebrand, burning log, ember — In Balkar the word is spelled kesew. In qara kösew the word suggests something charred black; Nevruz 1991 also gives the sense 'beaten black and blue'.
- kösew baş — a firebrand
- otdan kösew aldı — he took a firebrand from the fire
- jana turğan otnu kösewleri çartlaydıla — the logs of the burning fire crackle
- qara kösew bolurğa — to be charred black
- kösew bolurğa — to be charred black
2. poker, stick for stirring the hearth fire one source
- kösew bla otnu qozğarğa — to stir the fire with the poker
- kösewge uzaldı — he reached for the poker
- mıdıhnı kösew bla tüzdü — he leveled the embers with the poker
3. smut, bunt, a fungal disease of wheat
- kösew awruw — smut, the wheat disease
- budayğa kösew tüşdü — smut struck the wheat
- budayıbız bıyıl bek kösewlü boldu — our wheat got badly smutted this year
- kösew sabannı qurutdu — the smut ruined the field
Expressions
- kökden kesew sermegen — brave and daring
- qara kesew bolurğa — torment, anguish; badly bruised; be burned, perish
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | kösewthe firebrand | kösewümmy firebrand | kösewüŋyour firebrand | kösewühis firebrand | kösewübüzour firebrand | kösewügüzyou all's firebrand | kösewleritheir firebrands |
| Genitive | kösewnüthe firebrand's | kösewümümy firebrand's | kösewüŋüyour firebrand's | kösewünühis firebrand's | kösewübüznüour firebrand's | kösewügüznüyou all's firebrand's | kösewlerinitheir firebrands' |
| Accusative | kösewnüthe firebrand (as the object) | kösewümümy firebrand (as the object) | kösewüŋüyour firebrand (as the object) | kösewünhis firebrand (as the object) | kösewübüznüour firebrand (as the object) | kösewügüznüyou all's firebrand (as the object) | kösewlerintheir firebrands (as the object) |
| Dative | kösewgeto the firebrand | kösewümeto my firebrand | kösewüŋeto your firebrand | kösewüneto his firebrand | kösewübüzgeto our firebrand | kösewügüzgeto you all's firebrand | kösewlerineto their firebrands |
| Locative | kösewdein / at the firebrand | kösewümdein / at my firebrand | kösewüŋdein / at your firebrand | kösewündein / at his firebrand | kösewübüzdein / at our firebrand | kösewügüzdein / at you all's firebrand | kösewlerindein / at their firebrands |
| Ablative | kösewdenfrom the firebrand | kösewümdenfrom my firebrand | kösewüŋdenfrom your firebrand | kösewündenfrom his firebrand | kösewübüzdenfrom our firebrand | kösewügüzdenfrom you all's firebrand | kösewlerindenfrom their firebrands |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | kösewlethe firebrands | kösewlerimmy firebrands | kösewleriŋyour firebrands | kösewlerihis firebrands | kösewleribizour firebrands | kösewlerigizyou all's firebrands | kösewleritheir firebrands |
| Genitive | kösewlenithe firebrands' | kösewlerimimy firebrands' | kösewleriŋiyour firebrands' | kösewlerinihis firebrands' | kösewleribizniour firebrands' | kösewlerigizniyou all's firebrands' | kösewlerinitheir firebrands' |
| Accusative | kösewlenithe firebrands (as the object) | kösewlerimimy firebrands (as the object) | kösewleriŋiyour firebrands (as the object) | kösewlerinhis firebrands (as the object) | kösewleribizniour firebrands (as the object) | kösewlerigizniyou all's firebrands (as the object) | kösewlerintheir firebrands (as the object) |
| Dative | kösewlegeto the firebrands | kösewlerimeto my firebrands | kösewleriŋeto your firebrands | kösewlerineto his firebrands | kösewleribizgeto our firebrands | kösewlerigizgeto you all's firebrands | kösewlerineto their firebrands |
| Locative | kösewledein / at the firebrands | kösewlerimdein / at my firebrands | kösewleriŋdein / at your firebrands | kösewlerindein / at his firebrands | kösewleribizdein / at our firebrands | kösewlerigizdein / at you all's firebrands | kösewlerindein / at their firebrands |
| Ablative | kösewledenfrom the firebrands | kösewlerimdenfrom my firebrands | kösewleriŋdenfrom your firebrands | kösewlerindenfrom his firebrands | kösewleribizdenfrom our firebrands | kösewlerigizdenfrom you all's firebrands | kösewlerindenfrom their firebrands |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: kösewleri can mean "his / her firebrands", "their firebrand", or "their firebrands" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.