jumulurğa
/dʒumulurʁa/
1. close, shut, screw up (of the eyes) — Tenishev and Suyunchev 1989 gives közü jumuldu as a phrase meaning 'his eyes closed', and figuratively 'he died'.
- közü jumuldu — his eyes closed
- qartnı közleri jumuldula — the old man's eyes closed
- közlerim jumula baradıla — my eyes are closing
2. clench, close into a fist, bend (of the hand or fingers)
- qolu jumulmaydı — his hand will not close into a fist
- qolları açıla, jumula turadıla — his hands keep opening and closing
- barmaqları jumuladıla — his fingers bend
3. be laid back, lie flat (of ears, wings) one source
- qulaqları jumulub turadıla — its ears are laid back
- atnı qulaqları jumuldula — the horse's ears went back
- qanatları jumuldula — its wings folded flat
4. dash off, rush somewhere at speed
- tükenŋe jumulurğa — to dash off to the shop
- jumulub baradı jeŋil maşina — the light car races along
- eki atlı jumulub bardıla — the two riders raced off
5. sink, go under, drown one source
- köl tübüne jumuldu — she sank to the bottom of the lake
- kökde barğan qanatlı jumuladı teŋizge — the bird flying in the sky plunges into the sea
- suwğa jumuldu — he sank under the water
Conjugation
Common forms
- jumuladıhe is closing
- jumulduhe closed
- jumulğandıhe has closed
- jumulurhe will close
- jumulluqduhe is going to close
- jumula edihe was closing
- jumulsaif he closes
- jumul!close!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjumulamaI am closing | senjumulasayou are closing | oljumuladıhe is closing | bizjumulabızwe are closing | sizjumulasızyou all are closing | alajumuladılathey are closing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjumulmaymaI am not closing | senjumulmaysayou are not closing | oljumulmaydıhe is not closing | bizjumulmaybızwe are not closing | sizjumulmaysızyou all are not closing | alajumulmaydılathey are not closing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjumulamamı? jumulamıma?am I closing? | senjumulamısa?are you closing? | oljumulamıdı?is he closing? | bizjumulabızmı? jumulamıbız?are we closing? | sizjumulamısız?are you all closing? | alajumulamıdıla?are they closing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjumulmaymamı? jumulmaymıma?aren't I closing? | senjumulmaymısa?aren't you closing? | oljumulmaymıdı?isn't he closing? | bizjumulmaybızmı? jumulmaymıbız?aren't we closing? | sizjumulmaymısız?aren't you all closing? | alajumulmaymıdıla?aren't they closing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjumuluwçanmaI usually close | senjumuluwçansayou usually close | oljumuluwçandıhe usually closes | bizjumuluwçanbızwe usually close | sizjumuluwçansızyou all usually close | alajumuluwçandılathey usually close |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjumulmawçanmaI usually don't close | senjumulmawçansayou usually don't close | oljumulmawçandıhe usually doesn't close | bizjumulmawçanbızwe usually don't close | sizjumulmawçansızyou all usually don't close | alajumulmawçandılathey usually don't close |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjumuluwçanmamı? jumuluwçanmıma?do I usually close? | senjumuluwçanmısa?do you usually close? | oljumuluwçanmıdı?does he usually close? | bizjumuluwçanbızmı? jumuluwçanmıbız?do we usually close? | sizjumuluwçanmısız?do you all usually close? | alajumuluwçanmıdıla?do they usually close? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjumulmawçanmamı? jumulmawçanmıma?do I usually not close? | senjumulmawçanmısa?do you usually not close? | oljumulmawçanmıdı?does he usually not close? | bizjumulmawçanbızmı? jumulmawçanmıbız?do we usually not close? | sizjumulmawçanmısız?do you all usually not close? | alajumulmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not close? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljumulubduhe has closed and remains so | alajumulubdulathey have closed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljumulubmudu?has he closed? | alajumulubmudula?have they closed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjumulub turamaI keep closing | senjumulub turasayou keep closing | oljumulub turadıhe keeps closing | bizjumulub turabızwe keep closing | sizjumulub turasızyou all keep closing | alajumulub turadılathey keep closing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjumulub turmaymaI don't keep closing | senjumulub turmaysayou don't keep closing | oljumulub turmaydıhe doesn't keep closing | bizjumulub turmaybızwe don't keep closing | sizjumulub turmaysızyou all don't keep closing | alajumulub turmaydılathey don't keep closing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjumulub turamamı? jumulub turamıma?do I keep closing? | senjumulub turamısa?do you keep closing? | oljumulub turamıdı?does he keep closing? | bizjumulub turabızmı? jumulub turamıbız?do we keep closing? | sizjumulub turamısız?do you all keep closing? | alajumulub turamıdıla?do they keep closing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjumulub turmaymamı? jumulub turmaymıma?don't I keep closing? | senjumulub turmaymısa?don't you keep closing? | oljumulub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep closing? | bizjumulub turmaybızmı? jumulub turmaymıbız?don't we keep closing? | sizjumulub turmaymısız?don't you all keep closing? | alajumulub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep closing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjumula turamaI am in the middle of closing | senjumula turasayou are in the middle of closing | oljumula turadıhe is in the middle of closing | bizjumula turabızwe are in the middle of closing | sizjumula turasızyou all are in the middle of closing | alajumula turadılathey are in the middle of closing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjumula turmaymaI am not in the middle of closing | senjumula turmaysayou are not in the middle of closing | oljumula turmaydıhe is not in the middle of closing | bizjumula turmaybızwe are not in the middle of closing | sizjumula turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of closing | alajumula turmaydılathey are not in the middle of closing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjumula turamamı? jumula turamıma?am I in the middle of closing? | senjumula turamısa?are you in the middle of closing? | oljumula turamıdı?is he in the middle of closing? | bizjumula turabızmı? jumula turamıbız?are we in the middle of closing? | sizjumula turamısız?are you all in the middle of closing? | alajumula turamıdıla?are they in the middle of closing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjumula turmaymamı? jumula turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of closing? | senjumula turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of closing? | oljumula turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of closing? | bizjumula turmaybızmı? jumula turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of closing? | sizjumula turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of closing? | alajumula turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of closing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjumuldumI closed | senjumulduŋyou closed | oljumulduhe closed | bizjumulduqwe closed | sizjumulduğuzyou all closed | alajumuldulathey closed |
| Simple past (definite) | menjumulmadımI didn't close | senjumulmadıŋyou didn't close | oljumulmadıhe didn't close | bizjumulmadıqwe didn't close | sizjumulmadığızyou all didn't close | alajumulmadılathey didn't close |
| Simple past (definite) | menjumuldummu?did I close? | senjumulduŋmu?did you close? | oljumuldumu?did he close? | bizjumulduqmu?did we close? | sizjumulduğuzmu?did you all close? | alajumuldulamı?did they close? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjumulmadımmı?didn't I close? | senjumulmadıŋmı?didn't you close? | oljumulmadımı?didn't he close? | bizjumulmadıqmı?didn't we close? | sizjumulmadığızmı?didn't you all close? | alajumulmadılamı?didn't they close? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjumulğanmaI have closed | senjumulğansayou have closed | oljumulğandıhe has closed | bizjumulğanbızwe have closed | sizjumulğansızyou all have closed | alajumulğandılathey have closed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjumulmağanmaI haven't closed | senjumulmağansayou haven't closed | oljumulmağandıhe hasn't closed | bizjumulmağanbızwe haven't closed | sizjumulmağansızyou all haven't closed | alajumulmağandılathey haven't closed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjumulğanmamı? jumulğanmıma?have I closed? | senjumulğanmısa?have you closed? | oljumulğanmıdı?has he closed? | bizjumulğanbızmı? jumulğanmıbız?have we closed? | sizjumulğanmısız?have you all closed? | alajumulğanmıdıla?have they closed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjumulmağanmamı? jumulmağanmıma?haven't I closed? | senjumulmağanmısa?haven't you closed? | oljumulmağanmıdı?hasn't he closed? | bizjumulmağanbızmı? jumulmağanmıbız?haven't we closed? | sizjumulmağanmısız?haven't you all closed? | alajumulmağanmıdıla?haven't they closed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjumulub turdumI kept closing | senjumulub turduŋyou kept closing | oljumulub turduhe kept closing | bizjumulub turduqwe kept closing | sizjumulub turduğuzyou all kept closing | alajumulub turdulathey kept closing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjumulub turmadımI didn't keep closing | senjumulub turmadıŋyou didn't keep closing | oljumulub turmadıhe didn't keep closing | bizjumulub turmadıqwe didn't keep closing | sizjumulub turmadığızyou all didn't keep closing | alajumulub turmadılathey didn't keep closing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjumulurmaI will close | senjumulursayou will close | oljumulurhe will close | bizjumulurbuzwe will close | sizjumulursuzyou all will close | alajumulurlathey will close |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjumulmazmaI won't close | senjumulmazsayou won't close | oljumulmazhe won't close | bizjumulmazbızwe won't close | sizjumulmazsızyou all won't close | alajumulmazlathey won't close |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjumulurmamı? jumulurmuma?will I close? | senjumulurmusa?will you close? | oljumulurmu?will he close? | bizjumulurbuzmu? jumulurmubuz?will we close? | sizjumulurmusuz?will you all close? | alajumulurlamı? jumulurmula?will they close? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjumulmazmamı? jumulmazmıma?won't I close? | senjumulmazmısa?won't you close? | oljumulmazmı?won't he close? | bizjumulmazbızmı? jumulmazmıbız?won't we close? | sizjumulmazmısız?won't you all close? | alajumulmazlamı? jumulmazmıla?won't they close? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjumulluqmaI am going to close | senjumulluqsayou are going to close | oljumulluqduhe is going to close | bizjumulluqbuzwe are going to close | sizjumulluqsuzyou all are going to close | alajumulluqdulathey are going to close |
| Definite future (future II) | menjumulluq tülmeI am not going to close | senjumulluq tülseyou are not going to close | oljumulluq tüldühe is not going to close | bizjumulluq tülbüzwe are not going to close | sizjumulluq tülsüzyou all are not going to close | alajumulluq tüldülethey are not going to close |
| Definite future (future II) | menjumulluqmamı? jumulluqmuma?am I going to close? | senjumulluqmusa?are you going to close? | oljumulluqmudu?is he going to close? | bizjumulluqbuzmu? jumulluqmubuz?are we going to close? | sizjumulluqmusuz?are you all going to close? | alajumulluqmudula?are they going to close? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjumulluq tülmüme?aren't I going to close? | senjumulluq tülmüse?aren't you going to close? | oljumulluq tülmüdü?isn't he going to close? | bizjumulluq tülmübüz?aren't we going to close? | sizjumulluq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to close? | alajumulluq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to close? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjumulğan edimjumulğanemI had closed | senjumulğan ediŋjumulğaneŋyou had closed | oljumulğan edijumulğanedhe had closed | bizjumulğan edikjumulğanekwe had closed | sizjumulğan edigizjumulğanegizyou all had closed | alajumulğan edilejumulğanellethey had closed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjumulmağan edimjumulmağanemI hadn't closed | senjumulmağan ediŋjumulmağaneŋyou hadn't closed | oljumulmağan edijumulmağanedhe hadn't closed | bizjumulmağan edikjumulmağanekwe hadn't closed | sizjumulmağan edigizjumulmağanegizyou all hadn't closed | alajumulmağan edilejumulmağanellethey hadn't closed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjumula edimjumulaemI was closing | senjumula ediŋjumulaeŋyou were closing | oljumula edijumulaedhe was closing | bizjumula edikjumulaekwe were closing | sizjumula edigizjumulaegizyou all were closing | alajumula edilejumulaellethey were closing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjumulmay edimjumulmayemI wasn't closing | senjumulmay ediŋjumulmayeŋyou weren't closing | oljumulmay edijumulmayedhe wasn't closing | bizjumulmay edikjumulmayekwe weren't closing | sizjumulmay edigizjumulmayegizyou all weren't closing | alajumulmay edilejumulmayellethey weren't closing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjumuluwçan edimjumuluwçanemI used to close | senjumuluwçan ediŋjumuluwçaneŋyou used to close | oljumuluwçan edijumuluwçanedhe used to close | bizjumuluwçan edikjumuluwçanekwe used to close | sizjumuluwçan edigizjumuluwçanegizyou all used to close | alajumuluwçan edilejumuluwçanellethey used to close |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjumulmawçan edimjumulmawçanemI didn't use to close | senjumulmawçan ediŋjumulmawçaneŋyou didn't use to close | oljumulmawçan edijumulmawçanedhe didn't use to close | bizjumulmawçan edikjumulmawçanekwe didn't use to close | sizjumulmawçan edigizjumulmawçanegizyou all didn't use to close | alajumulmawçan edilejumulmawçanellethey didn't use to close |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljumulub edihe had closed and remained so | alajumulub edilethey had closed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljumulub tül edihe hadn't closed | alajumulub tül edilethey hadn't closed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjumulub tura edimjumulub turaemI had kept closing | senjumulub tura ediŋjumulub turaeŋyou had kept closing | oljumulub tura edijumulub turaedhe had kept closing | bizjumulub tura edikjumulub turaekwe had kept closing | sizjumulub tura edigizjumulub turaegizyou all had kept closing | alajumulub tura edilejumulub turaellethey had kept closing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjumulub turmay edimjumulub turmayemI hadn't kept closing | senjumulub turmay ediŋjumulub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept closing | oljumulub turmay edijumulub turmayedhe hadn't kept closing | bizjumulub turmay edikjumulub turmayekwe hadn't kept closing | sizjumulub turmay edigizjumulub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept closing | alajumulub turmay edilejumulub turmayellethey hadn't kept closing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjumula tura edimjumula turaemI was in the middle of closing | senjumula tura ediŋjumula turaeŋyou were in the middle of closing | oljumula tura edijumula turaedhe was in the middle of closing | bizjumula tura edikjumula turaekwe were in the middle of closing | sizjumula tura edigizjumula turaegizyou all were in the middle of closing | alajumula tura edilejumula turaellethey were in the middle of closing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjumula turmay edimjumula turmayemI wasn't in the middle of closing | senjumula turmay ediŋjumula turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of closing | oljumula turmay edijumula turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of closing | bizjumula turmay edikjumula turmayekwe weren't in the middle of closing | sizjumula turmay edigizjumula turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of closing | alajumula turmay edilejumula turmayellethey weren't in the middle of closing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjumulur edimjumulur emI would close | senjumulur ediŋjumulur eŋyou would close | oljumulur edijumulur edhe would close | bizjumulur edikjumulur ekwe would close | sizjumulur edigizjumulur egizyou all would close | alajumulur edilejumulur ellethey would close |
| Conditional result (would) | menjumulmaz edimjumulmaz emI wouldn't close | senjumulmaz ediŋjumulmaz eŋyou wouldn't close | oljumulmaz edijumulmaz edhe wouldn't close | bizjumulmaz edikjumulmaz ekwe wouldn't close | sizjumulmaz edigizjumulmaz egizyou all wouldn't close | alajumulmaz edilejumulmaz ellethey wouldn't close |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjumulluq edimjumulluq emI would have closed | senjumulluq ediŋjumulluq eŋyou would have closed | oljumulluq edijumulluq edhe would have closed | bizjumulluq edikjumulluq ekwe would have closed | sizjumulluq edigizjumulluq egizyou all would have closed | alajumulluq edilejumulluq ellethey would have closed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjumulluq tül edimjumulluq tül emI wouldn't have closed | senjumulluq tül ediŋjumulluq tül eŋyou wouldn't have closed | oljumulluq tül edijumulluq tül edhe wouldn't have closed | bizjumulluq tül edikjumulluq tül ekwe wouldn't have closed | sizjumulluq tül edigizjumulluq tül egizyou all wouldn't have closed | alajumulluq tül edilejumulluq tül ellethey wouldn't have closed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjumulsamif I close | senjumulsaŋif you close | oljumulsaif he closes | bizjumulsaqif we close | sizjumulsağızif you all close | alajumulsalaif they close |
| Conditional | menjumulmasamif I don't close | senjumulmasaŋif you don't close | oljumulmasaif he doesn't close | bizjumulmasaqif we don't close | sizjumulmasağızif you all don't close | alajumulmasalaif they don't close |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjumula esemif I am closing | senjumula eseŋif you are closing | oljumula eseif he is closing | bizjumula esekif we are closing | sizjumula esegizif you all are closing | alajumula eseleif they are closing |
| Conditional, present real | menjumulmay esemif I am not closing | senjumulmay eseŋif you are not closing | oljumulmay eseif he is not closing | bizjumulmay esekif we are not closing | sizjumulmay esegizif you all are not closing | alajumulmay eseleif they are not closing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjumulsam edijumulsam edif only I closed | senjumulsaŋ edijumulsaŋ edif only you closed | oljumulsa edijumulsaedif only he closed | bizjumulsaq edijumulsaq edif only we closed | sizjumulsağız edijumulsağız edif only you all closed | alajumulsala edijumulsalaedif only they closed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjumulmasam edijumulmasam edif only I didn't close | senjumulmasaŋ edijumulmasaŋ edif only you didn't close | oljumulmasa edijumulmasaedif only he didn't close | bizjumulmasaq edijumulmasaq edif only we didn't close | sizjumulmasağız edijumulmasağız edif only you all didn't close | alajumulmasala edijumulmasalaedif only they didn't close |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjumulub tursamif I carry on closing | senjumulub tursaŋif you carry on closing | oljumulub tursaif he carries on closing | bizjumulub tursaqif we carry on closing | sizjumulub tursağızif you all carry on closing | alajumulub tursalaif they carry on closing |
| Durative conditional | menjumulub turmasamif I don't carry on closing | senjumulub turmasaŋif you don't carry on closing | oljumulub turmasaif he doesn't carry on closing | bizjumulub turmasaqif we don't carry on closing | sizjumulub turmasağızif you all don't carry on closing | alajumulub turmasalaif they don't carry on closing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjumulub tura esemif I have kept closing | senjumulub tura eseŋif you have kept closing | oljumulub tura eseif he has kept closing | bizjumulub tura esekif we have kept closing | sizjumulub tura esegizif you all have kept closing | alajumulub tura eseleif they have kept closing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjumulub turmay esemif I haven't kept closing | senjumulub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept closing | oljumulub turmay eseif he hasn't kept closing | bizjumulub turmay esekif we haven't kept closing | sizjumulub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept closing | alajumulub turmay eseleif they haven't kept closing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjumula tursamif I keep closing | senjumula tursaŋif you keep closing | oljumula tursaif he keeps closing | bizjumula tursaqif we keep closing | sizjumula tursağızif you all keep closing | alajumula tursalaif they keep closing |
| Progressive conditional | menjumulmay tursamif I keep on not closing | senjumulmay tursaŋif you keep on not closing | oljumulmay tursaif he keeps on not closing | bizjumulmay tursaqif we keep on not closing | sizjumulmay tursağızif you all keep on not closing | alajumulmay tursalaif they keep on not closing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjumula tura esemif I am in the middle of closing | senjumula tura eseŋif you are in the middle of closing | oljumula tura eseif he is in the middle of closing | bizjumula tura esekif we are in the middle of closing | sizjumula tura esegizif you all are in the middle of closing | alajumula tura eseleif they are in the middle of closing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjumulmay tura esemif I keep on not closing | senjumulmay tura eseŋif you keep on not closing | oljumulmay tura eseif he keeps on not closing | bizjumulmay tura esekif we keep on not closing | sizjumulmay tura esegizif you all keep on not closing | alajumulmay tura eseleif they keep on not closing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjumuldum esemif I closed | senjumulduŋ eseŋif you closed | oljumuldu eseif he closed | bizjumulduq esekif we closed | sizjumulduğuz esegizif you all closed | alajumuldula eseleif they closed |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjumulmadım esemif I didn't close | senjumulmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't close | oljumulmadı eseif he didn't close | bizjumulmadıq esekif we didn't close | sizjumulmadığız esegizif you all didn't close | alajumulmadıla eseleif they didn't close |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjumulğan esemif I did close (indeed) | senjumulğan eseŋif you did close (indeed) | oljumulğan eseif he did close (indeed) | bizjumulğan esekif we did close (indeed) | sizjumulğan esegizif you all did close (indeed) | alajumulğan eseleif they did close (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjumulmağan esemif I didn't close (indeed) | senjumulmağan eseŋif you didn't close (indeed) | oljumulmağan eseif he didn't close (indeed) | bizjumulmağan esekif we didn't close (indeed) | sizjumulmağan esegizif you all didn't close (indeed) | alajumulmağan eseleif they didn't close (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjumulğan bolsamif I had closed | senjumulğan bolsaŋif you had closed | oljumulğan bolsaif he had closed | bizjumulğan bolsaqif we had closed | sizjumulğan bolsağızif you all had closed | alajumulğan bolsalaif they had closed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjumulmağan bolsamif I hadn't closed | senjumulmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't closed | oljumulmağan bolsaif he hadn't closed | bizjumulmağan bolsaqif we hadn't closed | sizjumulmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't closed | alajumulmağan bolsalaif they hadn't closed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjumulğan bolsam edijumulğan bolsam edif only I had closed | senjumulğan bolsaŋ edijumulğan bolsaŋ edif only you had closed | oljumulğan bolsa edijumulğan bolsaedif only he had closed | bizjumulğan bolsaq edijumulğan bolsaq edif only we had closed | sizjumulğan bolsağız edijumulğan bolsağız edif only you all had closed | alajumulğan bolsala edijumulğan bolsalaedif only they had closed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjumulmağan bolsam edijumulmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't closed | senjumulmağan bolsaŋ edijumulmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't closed | oljumulmağan bolsa edijumulmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't closed | bizjumulmağan bolsaq edijumulmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't closed | sizjumulmağan bolsağız edijumulmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't closed | alajumulmağan bolsala edijumulmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't closed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjumulur esemif I will close | senjumulur eseŋif you will close | oljumulur eseif he will close | bizjumulur esekif we will close | sizjumulur esegizif you all will close | alajumulur eseleif they will close |
| Conditional, aorist | menjumulmaz esemif I won't close | senjumulmaz eseŋif you won't close | oljumulmaz eseif he won't close | bizjumulmaz esekif we won't close | sizjumulmaz esegizif you all won't close | alajumulmaz eseleif they won't close |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjumulluq esemif I am going to close | senjumulluq eseŋif you are going to close | oljumulluq eseif he is going to close | bizjumulluq esekif we are going to close | sizjumulluq esegizif you all are going to close | alajumulluq eseleif they are going to close |
| Conditional, future | menjumulluq tül esemif I am not going to close | senjumulluq tül eseŋif you are not going to close | oljumulluq tül eseif he is not going to close | bizjumulluq tül esekif we are not going to close | sizjumulluq tül esegizif you all are not going to close | alajumulluq tül eseleif they are not going to close |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjumulluq bolsamif I were going to close | senjumulluq bolsaŋif you were going to close | oljumulluq bolsaif he were going to close | bizjumulluq bolsaqif we were going to close | sizjumulluq bolsağızif you all were going to close | alajumulluq bolsalaif they were going to close |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjumulmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to close | senjumulmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to close | oljumulmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to close | bizjumulmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to close | sizjumulmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to close | alajumulmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to close |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso jumulduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjumula bolurmaI must be closing | senjumula bolursayou must be closing | oljumula bolurhe must be closing | bizjumula bolurbuzwe must be closing | sizjumula bolursuzyou all must be closing | alajumula bolurlathey must be closing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjumulmay bolurmaI must not be closing | senjumulmay bolursayou must not be closing | oljumulmay bolurhe must not be closing | bizjumulmay bolurbuzwe must not be closing | sizjumulmay bolursuzyou all must not be closing | alajumulmay bolurlathey must not be closing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjumula tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of closing | senjumula tura bolursayou must be in the middle of closing | oljumula tura bolurhe must be in the middle of closing | bizjumula tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of closing | sizjumula tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of closing | alajumula tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of closing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjumulmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not closing | senjumulmay tura bolursayou must keep on not closing | oljumulmay tura bolurhe must keep on not closing | bizjumulmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not closing | sizjumulmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not closing | alajumulmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not closing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjumulğan bolurmaI must have closed | senjumulğan bolursayou must have closed | oljumulğan bolurhe must have closed | bizjumulğan bolurbuzwe must have closed | sizjumulğan bolursuzyou all must have closed | alajumulğan bolurlathey must have closed |
| Inference (must have) | menjumulmağan bolurmaI must not have closed | senjumulmağan bolursayou must not have closed | oljumulmağan bolurhe must not have closed | bizjumulmağan bolurbuzwe must not have closed | sizjumulmağan bolursuzyou all must not have closed | alajumulmağan bolurlathey must not have closed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjumulluq bolurmaI must be going to close | senjumulluq bolursayou must be going to close | oljumulluq bolurhe must be going to close | bizjumulluq bolurbuzwe must be going to close | sizjumulluq bolursuzyou all must be going to close | alajumulluq bolurlathey must be going to close |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjumulmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to close | senjumulmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to close | oljumulmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to close | bizjumulmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to close | sizjumulmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to close | alajumulmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to close |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjumulayımlet me close | senjumul!close! | oljumulsunlet him close | bizjumulayıqlet's close | sizjumuluğuz!close, you all! | alajumulsunlalet them close |
| Commands & suggestions | menjumulmayımlet me not close | senjumulma!don't close! | oljumulmasınlet him not close | bizjumulmayıqlet's not close | sizjumulmağız!don't close, you all! | alajumulmasınlalet them not close |
| Commands & suggestions | menjumulayımmı?shall I close? | oljumulsunmu?should he close? | bizjumulayıqmı?shall we close? | alajumulsunlamı?should they close? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjumulmayımmı?shall I not close? | oljumulmasınmı?should he not close? | bizjumulmayıqmı?shall we not close? | alajumulmasınlamı?should they not close? | ||
| Requests | senjumulçu2jumulçunplease close | oljumulsunçudo let him close | sizjumulçuğuzplease close (plural/polite) | alajumulsunlaçıdo let them close | ||
| Requests | senjumulmaçı2jumulmaçınplease don't close | oljumulmasınçıdo let him not close | sizjumulmaçığızplease don't close (plural/polite) | alajumulmasınlaçıdo let them not close | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjumulğunjumulğumay you close | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjumulmağınjumulmağımay you not close | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjumulğay edim jumulğa edimwould that I closed | senjumulğay ediŋ jumulğa ediŋwould that you closed | oljumulğay edi jumulğa ediwould that he closed | bizjumulğay edik jumulğa edikwould that we closed | sizjumulğay edigiz jumulğa edigizwould that you all closed | alajumulğay edile jumulğa edilewould that they closed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjumulmağay edim jumulmağa edimwould that I did not close | senjumulmağay ediŋ jumulmağa ediŋwould that you did not close | oljumulmağay edi jumulmağa ediwould that he did not close | bizjumulmağay edik jumulmağa edikwould that we did not close | sizjumulmağay edigiz jumulmağa edigizwould that you all did not close | alajumulmağay edile jumulmağa edilewould that they did not close |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjumulmağa qoyayımjumulma qoyayımlet me allow someone to close | senjumulmağa qoy!jumulma qoy!let someone close! | oljumulmağa qoysunjumulma qoysunlet him allow someone to close | bizjumulmağa qoyayıqjumulma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to close | sizjumulmağa qoyuğuz!jumulma qoyuğuz!let someone close, you all! | alajumulmağa qoysunlajumulma qoysunlalet them allow someone to close |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjumulmağa qoymayımjumulma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to close | senjumulmağa qoyma!jumulma qoyma!don't let someone close! | oljumulmağa qoymasınjumulma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to close | bizjumulmağa qoymayıqjumulma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to close | sizjumulmağa qoymağız!jumulma qoymağız!don't let someone close, you all! | alajumulmağa qoymasınlajumulma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to close |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjumulmağa qoyayımmı?jumulma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to close? | oljumulmağa qoysunmu?jumulma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to close? | bizjumulmağa qoyayıqmı?jumulma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to close? | alajumulmağa qoysunlamı?jumulma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to close? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjumulmağa qoymayımmı?jumulma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to close? | oljumulmağa qoymasınmı?jumulma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to close? | bizjumulmağa qoymayıqmı?jumulma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to close? | alajumulmağa qoymasınlamı?jumulma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to close? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjumulmağa qoyamajumulma qoyamaI allow someone to close | senjumulmağa qoyasajumulma qoyasayou allow someone to close | oljumulmağa qoyadıjumulma qoyadıhe allows someone to close | bizjumulmağa qoyabızjumulma qoyabızwe allow someone to close | sizjumulmağa qoyasızjumulma qoyasızyou all allow someone to close | alajumulmağa qoyadılajumulma qoyadılathey allow someone to close |
| Let someone… (present) | menjumulmağa qoymaymajumulma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to close | senjumulmağa qoymaysajumulma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to close | oljumulmağa qoymaydıjumulma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to close | bizjumulmağa qoymaybızjumulma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to close | sizjumulmağa qoymaysızjumulma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to close | alajumulmağa qoymaydılajumulma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to close |
| Let someone… (present) | menjumulmağa qoyamamı?jumulma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to close? | senjumulmağa qoyamısa?jumulma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to close? | oljumulmağa qoyamıdı?jumulma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to close? | bizjumulmağa qoyabızmı?jumulma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to close? | sizjumulmağa qoyamısız?jumulma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to close? | alajumulmağa qoyamıdıla?jumulma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to close? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjumulmağa qoymaymamı?jumulma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to close? | senjumulmağa qoymaymısa?jumulma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to close? | oljumulmağa qoymaymıdı?jumulma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to close? | bizjumulmağa qoymaybızmı?jumulma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to close? | sizjumulmağa qoymaymısız?jumulma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to close? | alajumulmağa qoymaymıdıla?jumulma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to close? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjumulmağa qoydumjumulma qoydumI allowed someone to close | senjumulmağa qoyduŋjumulma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to close | oljumulmağa qoydujumulma qoyduhe allowed someone to close | bizjumulmağa qoyduqjumulma qoyduqwe allowed someone to close | sizjumulmağa qoyduğuzjumulma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to close | alajumulmağa qoydulajumulma qoydulathey allowed someone to close |
| Let someone… (past) | menjumulmağa qoymadımjumulma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to close | senjumulmağa qoymadıŋjumulma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to close | oljumulmağa qoymadıjumulma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to close | bizjumulmağa qoymadıqjumulma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to close | sizjumulmağa qoymadığızjumulma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to close | alajumulmağa qoymadılajumulma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to close |
| Let someone… (past) | menjumulmağa qoydummu?jumulma qoydummu?did I allow someone to close? | senjumulmağa qoyduŋmu?jumulma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to close? | oljumulmağa qoydumu?jumulma qoydumu?did he allow someone to close? | bizjumulmağa qoyduqmu?jumulma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to close? | sizjumulmağa qoyduğuzmu?jumulma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to close? | alajumulmağa qoydulamı?jumulma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to close? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjumulmağa qoymadımmı?jumulma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to close? | senjumulmağa qoymadıŋmı?jumulma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to close? | oljumulmağa qoymadımı?jumulma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to close? | bizjumulmağa qoymadıqmı?jumulma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to close? | sizjumulmağa qoymadığızmı?jumulma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to close? | alajumulmağa qoymadılamı?jumulma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to close? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
jumulalırğa be able to close · jumulalmazğa be unable to close
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjumulalamaI can close | senjumulalasayou can close | oljumulaladıhe can close | bizjumulalabızwe can close | sizjumulalasızyou all can close | alajumulaladılathey can close |
| Ability — present | menjumulalmaymaI can't close | senjumulalmaysayou can't close | oljumulalmaydıhe can't close | bizjumulalmaybızwe can't close | sizjumulalmaysızyou all can't close | alajumulalmaydılathey can't close |
| Ability — present | menjumulalamamı? jumulalamıma?can I close? | senjumulalamısa?can you close? | oljumulalamıdı?can he close? | bizjumulalabızmı? jumulalamıbız?can we close? | sizjumulalamısız?can you all close? | alajumulalamıdıla?can they close? |
| Ability — present | menjumulalmaymamı? jumulalmaymıma?can't I close? | senjumulalmaymısa?can't you close? | oljumulalmaymıdı?can't he close? | bizjumulalmaybızmı? jumulalmaymıbız?can't we close? | sizjumulalmaymısız?can't you all close? | alajumulalmaymıdıla?can't they close? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjumulalsamif I can close | senjumulalsaŋif you can close | oljumulalsaif he can close | bizjumulalsaqif we can close | sizjumulalsağızif you all can close | alajumulalsalaif they can close |
| Ability — if I can… | menjumulalmasamif I can't close | senjumulalmasaŋif you can't close | oljumulalmasaif he can't close | bizjumulalmasaqif we can't close | sizjumulalmasağızif you all can't close | alajumulalmasalaif they can't close |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjumulaldımI was able to close | senjumulaldıŋyou were able to close | oljumulaldıhe was able to close | bizjumulaldıqwe were able to close | sizjumulaldığızyou all were able to close | alajumulaldılathey were able to close |
| Ability — simple past | menjumulalmadımI could not close | senjumulalmadıŋyou could not close | oljumulalmadıhe could not close | bizjumulalmadıqwe could not close | sizjumulalmadığızyou all could not close | alajumulalmadılathey could not close |
| Ability — simple past | menjumulaldımmı?was I able to close? | senjumulaldıŋmı?were you able to close? | oljumulaldımı?was he able to close? | bizjumulaldıqmı?were we able to close? | sizjumulaldığızmı?were you all able to close? | alajumulaldılamı?were they able to close? |
| Ability — simple past | menjumulalmadımmı?couldn't I close? | senjumulalmadıŋmı?couldn't you close? | oljumulalmadımı?couldn't he close? | bizjumulalmadıqmı?couldn't we close? | sizjumulalmadığızmı?couldn't you all close? | alajumulalmadılamı?couldn't they close? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjumulalğanmaI have been able to close | senjumulalğansayou have been able to close | oljumulalğandıhe has been able to close | bizjumulalğanbızwe have been able to close | sizjumulalğansızyou all have been able to close | alajumulalğandılathey have been able to close |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjumulalmağanmaI haven't been able to close | senjumulalmağansayou haven't been able to close | oljumulalmağandıhe hasn't been able to close | bizjumulalmağanbızwe haven't been able to close | sizjumulalmağansızyou all haven't been able to close | alajumulalmağandılathey haven't been able to close |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjumulalğanmamı? jumulalğanmıma?have I been able to close? | senjumulalğanmısa?have you been able to close? | oljumulalğanmıdı?has he been able to close? | bizjumulalğanbızmı? jumulalğanmıbız?have we been able to close? | sizjumulalğanmısız?have you all been able to close? | alajumulalğanmıdıla?have they been able to close? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjumulalmağanmamı? jumulalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to close? | senjumulalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to close? | oljumulalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to close? | bizjumulalmağanbızmı? jumulalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to close? | sizjumulalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to close? | alajumulalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to close? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjumulalğan edimjumulalğanemI had been able to close | senjumulalğan ediŋjumulalğaneŋyou had been able to close | oljumulalğan edijumulalğanedhe had been able to close | bizjumulalğan edikjumulalğanekwe had been able to close | sizjumulalğan edigizjumulalğanegizyou all had been able to close | alajumulalğan edilejumulalğanellethey had been able to close |
| Ability — past perfect | menjumulalmağan edimjumulalmağanemI hadn't been able to close | senjumulalmağan ediŋjumulalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to close | oljumulalmağan edijumulalmağanedhe hadn't been able to close | bizjumulalmağan edikjumulalmağanekwe hadn't been able to close | sizjumulalmağan edigizjumulalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to close | alajumulalmağan edilejumulalmağanellethey hadn't been able to close |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjumulala edimjumulalaemI could close | senjumulala ediŋjumulalaeŋyou could close | oljumulala edijumulalaedhe could close | bizjumulala edikjumulalaekwe could close | sizjumulala edigizjumulalaegizyou all could close | alajumulala edilejumulalaellethey could close |
| Ability — past background | menjumulalmay edimjumulalmayemI could not close | senjumulalmay ediŋjumulalmayeŋyou could not close | oljumulalmay edijumulalmayedhe could not close | bizjumulalmay edikjumulalmayekwe could not close | sizjumulalmay edigizjumulalmayegizyou all could not close | alajumulalmay edilejumulalmayellethey could not close |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjumulalırmaI will be able to close | senjumulalırsayou will be able to close | oljumulalırhe will be able to close | bizjumulalırbızwe will be able to close | sizjumulalırsızyou all will be able to close | alajumulalırlathey will be able to close |
| Ability — future I | menjumulalmazmaI won't be able to close | senjumulalmazsayou won't be able to close | oljumulalmazhe won't be able to close | bizjumulalmazbızwe won't be able to close | sizjumulalmazsızyou all won't be able to close | alajumulalmazlathey won't be able to close |
| Ability — future I | menjumulalırmamı? jumulalırmıma?will I be able to close? | senjumulalırmısa?will you be able to close? | oljumulalırmı?will he be able to close? | bizjumulalırbızmı? jumulalırmıbız?will we be able to close? | sizjumulalırmısız?will you all be able to close? | alajumulalırlamı? jumulalırmıla?will they be able to close? |
| Ability — future I | menjumulalmazmamı? jumulalmazmıma?won't I be able to close? | senjumulalmazmısa?won't you be able to close? | oljumulalmazmı?won't he be able to close? | bizjumulalmazbızmı? jumulalmazmıbız?won't we be able to close? | sizjumulalmazmısız?won't you all be able to close? | alajumulalmazlamı? jumulalmazmıla?won't they be able to close? |
| Ability — future II | menjumulallıqmaI am going to be able to close | senjumulallıqsayou are going to be able to close | oljumulallıqdıhe is going to be able to close | bizjumulallıqbızwe are going to be able to close | sizjumulallıqsızyou all are going to be able to close | alajumulallıqdılathey are going to be able to close |
| Ability — future II | menjumulallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to close | senjumulallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to close | oljumulallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to close | bizjumulallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to close | sizjumulallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to close | alajumulallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to close |
| Ability — future II | menjumulallıqmamı? jumulallıqmıma?am I going to be able to close? | senjumulallıqmısa?are you going to be able to close? | oljumulallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to close? | bizjumulallıqbızmı? jumulallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to close? | sizjumulallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to close? | alajumulallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to close? |
| Ability — future II | menjumulallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to close? | senjumulallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to close? | oljumulallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to close? | bizjumulallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to close? | sizjumulallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to close? | alajumulallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to close? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjumulalır edimjumulalır emI would be able to close | senjumulalır ediŋjumulalır eŋyou would be able to close | oljumulalır edijumulalır edhe would be able to close | bizjumulalır edikjumulalır ekwe would be able to close | sizjumulalır edigizjumulalır egizyou all would be able to close | alajumulalır edilejumulalır ellethey would be able to close |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjumulalmaz edimjumulalmaz emI wouldn't be able to close | senjumulalmaz ediŋjumulalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to close | oljumulalmaz edijumulalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to close | bizjumulalmaz edikjumulalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to close | sizjumulalmaz edigizjumulalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to close | alajumulalmaz edilejumulalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to close |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjumulalğınjumulalğımay you be able to close | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjumulalmağınjumulalmağımay you not be able to close | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjumulurğa izleymeI want to close | senjumulurğa izleyseyou want to close | oljumulurğa izleydihe wants to close | bizjumulurğa izleybizwe want to close | sizjumulurğa izleysizyou all want to close | alajumulurğa izleydilethey want to close |
| want to | menjumulurğa izlemeymeI do not want to close | senjumulurğa izlemeyseyou do not want to close | oljumulurğa izlemeydihe does not want to close | bizjumulurğa izlemeybizwe do not want to close | sizjumulurğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to close | alajumulurğa izlemeydilethey do not want to close |
| would like to | menjumulurğa süemeI would like to close | senjumulurğa süeseyou would like to close | oljumulurğa süedihe would like to close | bizjumulurğa süebizwe would like to close | sizjumulurğa süesizyou all would like to close | alajumulurğa süedilethey would like to close |
| would like to | menjumulurğa süymeymeI would not like to close | senjumulurğa süymeyseyou would not like to close | oljumulurğa süymeydihe would not like to close | bizjumulurğa süymeybizwe would not like to close | sizjumulurğa süymeysizyou all would not like to close | alajumulurğa süymeydilethey would not like to close |
| hope to | menjumulurğa umutlanamaI hope to close | senjumulurğa umutlanasayou hope to close | oljumulurğa umutlanadıhe hopes to close | bizjumulurğa umutlanabızwe hope to close | sizjumulurğa umutlanasızyou all hope to close | alajumulurğa umutlanadılathey hope to close |
| hope to | menjumulurğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to close | senjumulurğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to close | oljumulurğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to close | bizjumulurğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to close | sizjumulurğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to close | alajumulurğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to close |
| be about to | menjumulurğa deb turamaI am about to close | senjumulurğa deb turasayou are about to close | oljumulurğa deb turadıhe is about to close | bizjumulurğa deb turabızwe are about to close | sizjumulurğa deb turasızyou all are about to close | alajumulurğa deb turadılathey are about to close |
| be about to | menjumulurğa deb turmaymaI am not about to close | senjumulurğa deb turmaysayou are not about to close | oljumulurğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to close | bizjumulurğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to close | sizjumulurğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to close | alajumulurğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to close |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjumulurğa kerekmeI need to close | senjumulurğa kerekseyou need to close | oljumulurğa kerekdihe needs to close | bizjumulurğa kerekbizwe need to close | sizjumulurğa kereksizyou all need to close | alajumulurğa kerekdilethey need to close |
| need to | menjumulurğa kerek tülmeI do not need to close | senjumulurğa kerek tülseyou do not need to close | oljumulurğa kerek tüldühe does not need to close | bizjumulurğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to close | sizjumulurğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to close | alajumulurğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to close |
| have to | menmenŋe jumulurğa tüşediI have to close | sensenŋe jumulurğa tüşediyou have to close | olaŋa jumulurğa tüşedihe has to close | bizbizge jumulurğa tüşediwe have to close | sizsizge jumulurğa tüşediyou all have to close | alaalağa jumulurğa tüşedithey have to close |
| have to | menmenŋe jumulurğa tüşmeydiI do not have to close | sensenŋe jumulurğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to close | olaŋa jumulurğa tüşmeydihe does not have to close | bizbizge jumulurğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to close | sizsizge jumulurğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to close | alaalağa jumulurğa tüşmeydithey do not have to close |
| be obliged to | menjumulurğa borçlumaI am obliged to close | senjumulurğa borçlusayou are obliged to close | oljumulurğa borçluduhe is obliged to close | bizjumulurğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to close | sizjumulurğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to close | alajumulurğa borçludulathey are obliged to close |
| be obliged to | menjumulurğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to close | senjumulurğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to close | oljumulurğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to close | bizjumulurğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to close | sizjumulurğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to close | alajumulurğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to close |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjumulurğa madarım bardıI have a way to close | senjumulurğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to close | oljumulurğa madarı bardıhe has a way to close | bizjumulurğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to close | sizjumulurğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to close | alajumulurğa madarları bardıthey have a way to close |
| have a way to | menjumulurğa madarım joqduI have no way to close | senjumulurğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to close | oljumulurğa madarı joqduhe has no way to close | bizjumulurğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to close | sizjumulurğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to close | alajumulurğa madarları joqduthey have no way to close |
| be free to | menjumulurğa erkinligim bardıI am free to close | senjumulurğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to close | oljumulurğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to close | bizjumulurğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to close | sizjumulurğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to close | alajumulurğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to close |
| be free to | menjumulurğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to close | senjumulurğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to close | oljumulurğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to close | bizjumulurğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to close | sizjumulurğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to close | alajumulurğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to close |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jumulurğa bolluqduit is possible for me to close | sensenŋe jumulurğa bolluqduit is possible for you to close | olaŋa jumulurğa bolluqduit is possible for him to close | bizbizge jumulurğa bolluqduit is possible for us to close | sizsizge jumulurğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to close | alaalağa jumulurğa bolluqduit is possible for them to close |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jumulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to close | sensenŋe jumulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to close | olaŋa jumulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to close | bizbizge jumulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to close | sizsizge jumulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to close | alaalağa jumulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to close |
| be ready to | menjumulurğa hazırmaI am ready to close | senjumulurğa hazırsayou are ready to close | oljumulurğa hazırdıhe is ready to close | bizjumulurğa hazırbızwe are ready to close | sizjumulurğa hazırsızyou all are ready to close | alajumulurğa hazırdılathey are ready to close |
| be ready to | menjumulurğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to close | senjumulurğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to close | oljumulurğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to close | bizjumulurğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to close | sizjumulurğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to close | alajumulurğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to close |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjumulurğa küreşemeI am trying to close | senjumulurğa küreşeseyou are trying to close | oljumulurğa küreşedihe is trying to close | bizjumulurğa küreşebizwe are trying to close | sizjumulurğa küreşesizyou all are trying to close | alajumulurğa küreşedilethey are trying to close |
| try to | menjumulurğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to close | senjumulurğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to close | oljumulurğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to close | bizjumulurğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to close | sizjumulurğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to close | alajumulurğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to close |
| agree to | menjumulurğa unaymaI agree to close | senjumulurğa unaysayou agree to close | oljumulurğa unaydıhe agrees to close | bizjumulurğa unaybızwe agree to close | sizjumulurğa unaysızyou all agree to close | alajumulurğa unaydılathey agree to close |
| agree to | menjumulurğa unamaymaI refuse to close | senjumulurğa unamaysayou refuse to close | oljumulurğa unamaydıhe refuses to close | bizjumulurğa unamaybızwe refuse to close | sizjumulurğa unamaysızyou all refuse to close | alajumulurğa unamaydılathey refuse to close |
| hurry to | menjumulurğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to close | senjumulurğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to close | oljumulurğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to close | bizjumulurğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to close | sizjumulurğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to close | alajumulurğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to close |
| hurry to | menjumulurğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to close | senjumulurğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to close | oljumulurğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to close | bizjumulurğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to close | sizjumulurğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to close | alajumulurğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to close |
| be afraid to | menjumulurğa qorqamaI am afraid to close | senjumulurğa qorqasayou are afraid to close | oljumulurğa qorqadıhe is afraid to close | bizjumulurğa qorqabızwe are afraid to close | sizjumulurğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to close | alajumulurğa qorqadılathey are afraid to close |
| be afraid to | menjumulurğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to close | senjumulurğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to close | oljumulurğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to close | bizjumulurğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to close | sizjumulurğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to close | alajumulurğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to close |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjumula bolmazmaI can't be closing | senjumula bolmazsayou can't be closing | oljumula bolmazhe can't be closing | bizjumula bolmazbızwe can't be closing | sizjumula bolmazsızyou all can't be closing | alajumula bolmazlathey can't be closing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjumulmay bolmazmaI must be closing (emphatic) | senjumulmay bolmazsayou must be closing (emphatic) | oljumulmay bolmazhe must be closing (emphatic) | bizjumulmay bolmazbızwe must be closing (emphatic) | sizjumulmay bolmazsızyou all must be closing (emphatic) | alajumulmay bolmazlathey must be closing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjumula turmasamif I don't keep closing | senjumula turmasaŋif you don't keep closing | oljumula turmasaif he doesn't keep closing | bizjumula turmasaqif we don't keep closing | sizjumula turmasağızif you all don't keep closing | alajumula turmasalaif they don't keep closing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjumula tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of closing | senjumula tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of closing | oljumula tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of closing | bizjumula tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of closing | sizjumula tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of closing | alajumula tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of closing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjumulmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not closing (emphatic) | senjumulmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not closing (emphatic) | oljumulmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not closing (emphatic) | bizjumulmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not closing (emphatic) | sizjumulmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not closing (emphatic) | alajumulmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not closing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjumulmay turamaI keep on not closing | senjumulmay turasayou keep on not closing | oljumulmay turadıhe keeps on not closing | bizjumulmay turabızwe keep on not closing | sizjumulmay turasızyou all keep on not closing | alajumulmay turadılathey keep on not closing |
| Progressive — double negation | menjumulmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not closing | senjumulmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not closing | oljumulmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not closing | bizjumulmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not closing | sizjumulmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not closing | alajumulmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not closing |
| Progressive — double negation | menjumulmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not closing? | senjumulmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not closing? | oljumulmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not closing? | bizjumulmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not closing? | sizjumulmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not closing? | alajumulmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not closing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjumulğan bolmazmaI can't have closed | senjumulğan bolmazsayou can't have closed | oljumulğan bolmazhe can't have closed | bizjumulğan bolmazbızwe can't have closed | sizjumulğan bolmazsızyou all can't have closed | alajumulğan bolmazlathey can't have closed |
| Inference — double negation | menjumulmağan bolmazmaI must have closed (emphatic) | senjumulmağan bolmazsayou must have closed (emphatic) | oljumulmağan bolmazhe must have closed (emphatic) | bizjumulmağan bolmazbızwe must have closed (emphatic) | sizjumulmağan bolmazsızyou all must have closed (emphatic) | alajumulmağan bolmazlathey must have closed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjumulğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had closed | senjumulğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had closed | oljumulğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had closed | bizjumulğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had closed | sizjumulğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had closed | alajumulğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had closed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjumulmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't closed | senjumulmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't closed | oljumulmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't closed | bizjumulmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't closed | sizjumulmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't closed | alajumulmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't closed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjumulluq bolmazmaI can't be going to close | senjumulluq bolmazsayou can't be going to close | oljumulluq bolmazhe can't be going to close | bizjumulluq bolmazbızwe can't be going to close | sizjumulluq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to close | alajumulluq bolmazlathey can't be going to close |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjumulmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to close (emphatic) | senjumulmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to close (emphatic) | oljumulmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to close (emphatic) | bizjumulmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to close (emphatic) | sizjumulmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to close (emphatic) | alajumulmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to close (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjumulluq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to close | senjumulluq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to close | oljumulluq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to close | bizjumulluq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to close | sizjumulluq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to close | alajumulluq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to close |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjumulmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to close | senjumulmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to close | oljumulmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to close | bizjumulmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to close | sizjumulmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to close | alajumulmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to close |