juğozh
/dʒuʁoʒ/ · plural juğozhla
doubt, suspicion — Tenishev and Suyunchev 1989 marks it Karachay. With the heart as subject it describes inner doubt: jürek juğozh bolsa "if suspicion seizes the heart"; jüregiŋ juğozh bolurğa "be of two minds, come to doubt something". one source
- jüregim juğozh boldu — doubt filled my heart
- jüregi juğozh boladı — suspicion fills his heart
- aythanına jüregi juğozh bolub — his heart growing suspicious of what he said
- jürek juğozh bolsa — if suspicion seizes the heart
- jüregiŋ juğozh bolmasın — may your heart not doubt
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | juğozhthe doubt | juğozhummy doubt | juğozhuŋyour doubt | juğozhuhis doubt | juğozhubuzour doubt | juğozhuğuzyou all's doubt | juğozhlarıtheir doubts |
| Genitive | juğozhnuthe doubt's | juğozhumumy doubt's | juğozhuŋuyour doubt's | juğozhunuhis doubt's | juğozhubuznuour doubt's | juğozhuğuznuyou all's doubt's | juğozhlarınıtheir doubts' |
| Accusative | juğozhnuthe doubt (as the object) | juğozhumumy doubt (as the object) | juğozhuŋuyour doubt (as the object) | juğozhunhis doubt (as the object) | juğozhubuznuour doubt (as the object) | juğozhuğuznuyou all's doubt (as the object) | juğozhlarıntheir doubts (as the object) |
| Dative | juğozhğato the doubt | juğozhumato my doubt | juğozhuŋato your doubt | juğozhunato his doubt | juğozhubuzğato our doubt | juğozhuğuzğato you all's doubt | juğozhlarınato their doubts |
| Locative | juğozhdain / at the doubt | juğozhumdain / at my doubt | juğozhuŋdain / at your doubt | juğozhundain / at his doubt | juğozhubuzdain / at our doubt | juğozhuğuzdain / at you all's doubt | juğozhlarındain / at their doubts |
| Ablative | juğozhdanfrom the doubt | juğozhumdanfrom my doubt | juğozhuŋdanfrom your doubt | juğozhundanfrom his doubt | juğozhubuzdanfrom our doubt | juğozhuğuzdanfrom you all's doubt | juğozhlarındanfrom their doubts |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | juğozhlathe doubts | juğozhlarımmy doubts | juğozhlarıŋyour doubts | juğozhlarıhis doubts | juğozhlarıbızour doubts | juğozhlarığızyou all's doubts | juğozhlarıtheir doubts |
| Genitive | juğozhlanıthe doubts' | juğozhlarımımy doubts' | juğozhlarıŋıyour doubts' | juğozhlarınıhis doubts' | juğozhlarıbıznıour doubts' | juğozhlarığıznıyou all's doubts' | juğozhlarınıtheir doubts' |
| Accusative | juğozhlanıthe doubts (as the object) | juğozhlarımımy doubts (as the object) | juğozhlarıŋıyour doubts (as the object) | juğozhlarınhis doubts (as the object) | juğozhlarıbıznıour doubts (as the object) | juğozhlarığıznıyou all's doubts (as the object) | juğozhlarıntheir doubts (as the object) |
| Dative | juğozhlağato the doubts | juğozhlarımato my doubts | juğozhlarıŋato your doubts | juğozhlarınato his doubts | juğozhlarıbızğato our doubts | juğozhlarığızğato you all's doubts | juğozhlarınato their doubts |
| Locative | juğozhladain / at the doubts | juğozhlarımdain / at my doubts | juğozhlarıŋdain / at your doubts | juğozhlarındain / at his doubts | juğozhlarıbızdain / at our doubts | juğozhlarığızdain / at you all's doubts | juğozhlarındain / at their doubts |
| Ablative | juğozhladanfrom the doubts | juğozhlarımdanfrom my doubts | juğozhlarıŋdanfrom your doubts | juğozhlarındanfrom his doubts | juğozhlarıbızdanfrom our doubts | juğozhlarığızdanfrom you all's doubts | juğozhlarındanfrom their doubts |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: juğozhları can mean "his / her doubts", "their doubt", or "their doubts" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.