joyuw
/dʒojuw/ · plural joyuwla
spending, expenditure, consumption — The action noun of joy "spend", as in açhanı joyuw "spending the money". With zıraf it means wasteful spending: zıraf joyuw is wastefulness, and someone who wastes money is a zıraf joyuçu.
- açha joyuw kemlenŋendi — money spending has decreased
- köb açha joyuw — spending a lot of money
- açhanı joyuw — spending the money
- zıraf joyuw — wastefulness
- boş joyuw — useless spending
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | joyuwthe spending | joyuwummy spending | joyuwuŋyour spending | joyuwuhis spending | joyuwubuzour spending | joyuwuğuzyou all's spending | joyuwlarıtheir spendings |
| Genitive | joyuwnuthe spending's | joyuwumumy spending's | joyuwuŋuyour spending's | joyuwunuhis spending's | joyuwubuznuour spending's | joyuwuğuznuyou all's spending's | joyuwlarınıtheir spendings' |
| Accusative | joyuwnuthe spending (as the object) | joyuwumumy spending (as the object) | joyuwuŋuyour spending (as the object) | joyuwunhis spending (as the object) | joyuwubuznuour spending (as the object) | joyuwuğuznuyou all's spending (as the object) | joyuwlarıntheir spendings (as the object) |
| Dative | joyuwğato the spending | joyuwumato my spending | joyuwuŋato your spending | joyuwunato his spending | joyuwubuzğato our spending | joyuwuğuzğato you all's spending | joyuwlarınato their spendings |
| Locative | joyuwdain / at the spending | joyuwumdain / at my spending | joyuwuŋdain / at your spending | joyuwundain / at his spending | joyuwubuzdain / at our spending | joyuwuğuzdain / at you all's spending | joyuwlarındain / at their spendings |
| Ablative | joyuwdanfrom the spending | joyuwumdanfrom my spending | joyuwuŋdanfrom your spending | joyuwundanfrom his spending | joyuwubuzdanfrom our spending | joyuwuğuzdanfrom you all's spending | joyuwlarındanfrom their spendings |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | joyuwlathe spendings | joyuwlarımmy spendings | joyuwlarıŋyour spendings | joyuwlarıhis spendings | joyuwlarıbızour spendings | joyuwlarığızyou all's spendings | joyuwlarıtheir spendings |
| Genitive | joyuwlanıthe spendings' | joyuwlarımımy spendings' | joyuwlarıŋıyour spendings' | joyuwlarınıhis spendings' | joyuwlarıbıznıour spendings' | joyuwlarığıznıyou all's spendings' | joyuwlarınıtheir spendings' |
| Accusative | joyuwlanıthe spendings (as the object) | joyuwlarımımy spendings (as the object) | joyuwlarıŋıyour spendings (as the object) | joyuwlarınhis spendings (as the object) | joyuwlarıbıznıour spendings (as the object) | joyuwlarığıznıyou all's spendings (as the object) | joyuwlarıntheir spendings (as the object) |
| Dative | joyuwlağato the spendings | joyuwlarımato my spendings | joyuwlarıŋato your spendings | joyuwlarınato his spendings | joyuwlarıbızğato our spendings | joyuwlarığızğato you all's spendings | joyuwlarınato their spendings |
| Locative | joyuwladain / at the spendings | joyuwlarımdain / at my spendings | joyuwlarıŋdain / at your spendings | joyuwlarındain / at his spendings | joyuwlarıbızdain / at our spendings | joyuwlarığızdain / at you all's spendings | joyuwlarındain / at their spendings |
| Ablative | joyuwladanfrom the spendings | joyuwlarımdanfrom my spendings | joyuwlarıŋdanfrom your spendings | joyuwlarındanfrom his spendings | joyuwlarıbızdanfrom our spendings | joyuwlarığızdanfrom you all's spendings | joyuwlarındanfrom their spendings |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: joyuwları can mean "his / her spendings", "their spending", or "their spendings" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.