jolçu
/dʒoltʃu/ · plural jolçula
1. road worker, road builder
- jolçula Malqarğa jaŋı jol işlegendile — the road workers built a new road to Malqar
- jolçula köpürnü jaŋırthandıla — the road workers rebuilt the bridge
- jolçula işleydile — the road workers are working
- jolçu brigada — a road crew
2. traveler — A rare equivalent of jolowçu. one source
- jolçu jolğa çıqdı — the traveler set out on the road
- jolçuğa aş ber — give the traveler food
- uzaq jolçu — a long-distance traveler
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | jolçuthe road worker | jolçummy road worker | jolçuŋyour road worker | jolçusuhis road worker | jolçubuzour road worker | jolçuğuzyou all's road worker | jolçularıtheir road workers |
| Genitive | jolçunuthe road worker's | jolçumumy road worker's | jolçuŋuyour road worker's | jolçusunuhis road worker's | jolçubuznuour road worker's | jolçuğuznuyou all's road worker's | jolçularınıtheir road workers' |
| Accusative | jolçunuthe road worker (as the object) | jolçumumy road worker (as the object) | jolçuŋuyour road worker (as the object) | jolçusunhis road worker (as the object) | jolçubuznuour road worker (as the object) | jolçuğuznuyou all's road worker (as the object) | jolçularıntheir road workers (as the object) |
| Dative | jolçuğato the road worker | jolçumato my road worker | jolçuŋato your road worker | jolçusunato his road worker | jolçubuzğato our road worker | jolçuğuzğato you all's road worker | jolçularınato their road workers |
| Locative | jolçudain / at the road worker | jolçumdain / at my road worker | jolçuŋdain / at your road worker | jolçusundain / at his road worker | jolçubuzdain / at our road worker | jolçuğuzdain / at you all's road worker | jolçularındain / at their road workers |
| Ablative | jolçudanfrom the road worker | jolçumdanfrom my road worker | jolçuŋdanfrom your road worker | jolçusundanfrom his road worker | jolçubuzdanfrom our road worker | jolçuğuzdanfrom you all's road worker | jolçularındanfrom their road workers |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | jolçulathe road workers | jolçularımmy road workers | jolçularıŋyour road workers | jolçularıhis road workers | jolçularıbızour road workers | jolçularığızyou all's road workers | jolçularıtheir road workers |
| Genitive | jolçulanıthe road workers' | jolçularımımy road workers' | jolçularıŋıyour road workers' | jolçularınıhis road workers' | jolçularıbıznıour road workers' | jolçularığıznıyou all's road workers' | jolçularınıtheir road workers' |
| Accusative | jolçulanıthe road workers (as the object) | jolçularımımy road workers (as the object) | jolçularıŋıyour road workers (as the object) | jolçularınhis road workers (as the object) | jolçularıbıznıour road workers (as the object) | jolçularığıznıyou all's road workers (as the object) | jolçularıntheir road workers (as the object) |
| Dative | jolçulağato the road workers | jolçularımato my road workers | jolçularıŋato your road workers | jolçularınato his road workers | jolçularıbızğato our road workers | jolçularığızğato you all's road workers | jolçularınato their road workers |
| Locative | jolçuladain / at the road workers | jolçularımdain / at my road workers | jolçularıŋdain / at your road workers | jolçularındain / at his road workers | jolçularıbızdain / at our road workers | jolçularığızdain / at you all's road workers | jolçularındain / at their road workers |
| Ablative | jolçuladanfrom the road workers | jolçularımdanfrom my road workers | jolçularıŋdanfrom your road workers | jolçularındanfrom his road workers | jolçularıbızdanfrom our road workers | jolçularığızdanfrom you all's road workers | jolçularındanfrom their road workers |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: jolçuları can mean "his / her road workers", "their road worker", or "their road workers" — context decides.
Whose it is
| Case | one thing, one owner | several things, one owner | one thing, several owners | several things, several owners |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | jolçunuquthe road worker's one | jolçunuqulathe road worker's ones | jolçulanıqıthe road workers' one | jolçulanıqılathe road workers' ones |
| Genitive | jolçunuqunuof the road worker's one | jolçunuqulanıof the road worker's ones | jolçulanıqınıof the road workers' one | jolçulanıqılanıof the road workers' ones |
| Accusative | jolçunuqunthe road worker's one (as the object) | jolçunuqulanıthe road worker's ones (as the object) | jolçulanıqınthe road workers' one (as the object) | jolçulanıqılanıthe road workers' ones (as the object) |
| Dative | jolçunuqunato the road worker's one | jolçunuqulağato the road worker's ones | jolçulanıqınato the road workers' one | jolçulanıqılağato the road workers' ones |
| Locative | jolçunuqundain / at the road worker's one | jolçunuquladain / at the road worker's ones | jolçulanıqındain / at the road workers' one | jolçulanıqıladain / at the road workers' ones |
| Ablative | jolçunuqundanfrom the road worker's one | jolçunuquladanfrom the road worker's ones | jolçulanıqındanfrom the road workers' one | jolçulanıqıladanfrom the road workers' ones |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.