jetgen
/dʒetɡen/ · plural jetgenle
past participle of jeterge →
1. who arrived, reached, attained — Participle of jeterge.
- taw başına jetgen jaş — a youth who reached the mountaintop
- muratına jetgen batır — a hero who reached his goal
- bizge jetgen haparnı aytdıq — we told the news that reached us
- zorluq qıyınlıq jetgen adamla — people whom violence and hardship reached
2. ripe
- jetgen harbız — a ripe watermelon
- jetgen kertmeni üzdüm — I picked the ripe pear
- jetgen arpa sabanda sarığadı — ripe barley turns golden in the field
3. mature, grown-up, adult
- jetgen jaş — a grown youth
- jetgen qız — a grown girl
- jılı jetgen jaş — a youth who has come of age
- aqılı jetgen adam — a person of mature mind
- tamam jetgen zamanımda — in the prime of my life
- jetgen qızı bolğan üy — a house that has a grown daughter
4. anyone, each person, whoever one meets
- har jetgenŋe aytıb aylanma — do not go telling everyone you meet
- jetgenŋe tarığıw — complaining to anyone
- har jetgenŋe — to everyone one meets
- jetgen adamğa ışanma — do not trust just anyone
5. needed, required
- jetgen jerde janımı da berirme — where needed, I will give even my life
- jetgen zamanda keldi — he came at the needed time
- jetgen kün — the required day
6. perfect, excellent
Expressions
- bizge jetgen — our equal
- jetgen jaş — young man
- jetgen jerde — anywhere at all; when needed
- jetgen kişi — grown man
As an adjective
Saying it about someone
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | jetgenmeI am ripe | jetgenseyou are ripe | jetgendihe is ripe | jetgenbizwe are ripe | jetgensizyou all are ripe | jetgendilethey are ripe |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden jetgendi — "compared to me, he is ripe."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki jetgendimine is ripe | seniki jetgendiyours is ripe | anıqı jetgendihis is ripe | bizniki jetgendiours is ripe | sizniki jetgendiyours (pl.) is ripe | alanıqı jetgenditheirs is ripe |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile jetgendilemine are ripe | senikile jetgendileyours are ripe | anıqıla jetgendilehis are ripe | biznikile jetgendileours are ripe | siznikile jetgendileyours (pl.) are ripe | alanıqıla jetgendiletheirs are ripe |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu jetgendi, bıla jetgendile. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".
As a noun
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | jetgenthe person | jetgenimmy person | jetgeniŋyour person | jetgenihis person | jetgenibizour person | jetgenigizyou all's person | jetgenleritheir people |
| Genitive | jetgennithe person's | jetgenimimy person's | jetgeniŋiyour person's | jetgeninihis person's | jetgenibizniour person's | jetgenigizniyou all's person's | jetgenlerinitheir people's |
| Accusative | jetgennithe person (as the object) | jetgenimimy person (as the object) | jetgeniŋiyour person (as the object) | jetgeninhis person (as the object) | jetgenibizniour person (as the object) | jetgenigizniyou all's person (as the object) | jetgenlerintheir people (as the object) |
| Dative | jetgenŋeto the person | jetgenimeto my person | jetgeniŋeto your person | jetgenineto his person | jetgenibizgeto our person | jetgenigizgeto you all's person | jetgenlerineto their people |
| Locative | jetgendein / at the person | jetgenimdein / at my person | jetgeniŋdein / at your person | jetgenindein / at his person | jetgenibizdein / at our person | jetgenigizdein / at you all's person | jetgenlerindein / at their people |
| Ablative | jetgendenfrom the person | jetgenimdenfrom my person | jetgeniŋdenfrom your person | jetgenindenfrom his person | jetgenibizdenfrom our person | jetgenigizdenfrom you all's person | jetgenlerindenfrom their people |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | jetgenlethe people | jetgenlerimmy people | jetgenleriŋyour people | jetgenlerihis people | jetgenleribizour people | jetgenlerigizyou all's people | jetgenleritheir people |
| Genitive | jetgenlenithe people's | jetgenlerimimy people's | jetgenleriŋiyour people's | jetgenlerinihis people's | jetgenleribizniour people's | jetgenlerigizniyou all's people's | jetgenlerinitheir people's |
| Accusative | jetgenlenithe people (as the object) | jetgenlerimimy people (as the object) | jetgenleriŋiyour people (as the object) | jetgenlerinhis people (as the object) | jetgenleribizniour people (as the object) | jetgenlerigizniyou all's people (as the object) | jetgenlerintheir people (as the object) |
| Dative | jetgenlegeto the people | jetgenlerimeto my people | jetgenleriŋeto your people | jetgenlerineto his people | jetgenleribizgeto our people | jetgenlerigizgeto you all's people | jetgenlerineto their people |
| Locative | jetgenledein / at the people | jetgenlerimdein / at my people | jetgenleriŋdein / at your people | jetgenlerindein / at his people | jetgenleribizdein / at our people | jetgenlerigizdein / at you all's people | jetgenlerindein / at their people |
| Ablative | jetgenledenfrom the people | jetgenlerimdenfrom my people | jetgenleriŋdenfrom your people | jetgenlerindenfrom his people | jetgenleribizdenfrom our people | jetgenlerigizdenfrom you all's people | jetgenlerindenfrom their people |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: jetgenleri can mean "his / her people", "their person", or "their people" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
Which reading? Look at what follows.
| jetgen + noun | the one who reaches (the noun is the doer) |
|---|---|
| jetgen + noun with an owner ending | the thing someone reaches |
| jetgeni, nothing after | what someone reaches |
| jetgeni under bilirge, körürge | that someone reaches |
Cases with an owner
The endings on jetgeni, the form with a third-person owner. Every other owner takes the same six.
| nominative | jetgenihis / her having reached |
|---|---|
| genitive | jetgeninihis / her having reached's |
| accusative | jetgeninhis / her having reached |
| dative | jetgenineto his / her having reached |
| locative | jetgenindewhen he / she reached |
| ablative | jetgenindenafter he / she reached |
Negative
| the negative | jetmegenthe one that didn't reach |
|---|---|
| his / her | jetmegenihis / her not having reached |