jarılğan
/dʒarɯlʁan/
past participle of jarılırğa →
1. split, cracked, cleft, burst open
- jarılğan qaya — a cracked cliff
- ekige jarılğan tal terek — a willow split in two
- jarılğan jumurtha — a cracked egg
- eki jarılğan tal terek — a willow split in two
2. grieving, heartbroken, distressed one source
- jarılğan ana — a heartbroken mother
- jüregi jarılğan adam — a person whose heart is broken
- jarılğan kölüm keŋdi — my grieving heart is eased
3. crack, fissure
- jerni jarılğanı — a crack in the earth
- qabırğanı jarılğanı — a crack in the wall
- buznu jarılğanı — a crack in the ice
- Miŋi tawnu çıranını jarılğanları — the crevasses of Mount Elbrus's glacier
- buznu jarılğanların da jaşırdı — also hid the cracks in the ice
4. wounded, injured, cut open (of the body)
- jarılğan qart — an old man who has had an operation
- başı jarılğan jaş — a boy with a split head
Saying it about someone
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | jarılğanmaI am split | jarılğansayou are split | jarılğandıhe is split | jarılğanbızwe are split | jarılğansızyou all are split | jarılğandılathey are split |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden jarılğandı — "compared to me, he is split."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki jarılğandımine is split | seniki jarılğandıyours is split | anıqı jarılğandıhis is split | bizniki jarılğandıours is split | sizniki jarılğandıyours (pl.) is split | alanıqı jarılğandıtheirs is split |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile jarılğandılamine are split | senikile jarılğandılayours are split | anıqıla jarılğandılahis are split | biznikile jarılğandılaours are split | siznikile jarılğandılayours (pl.) are split | alanıqıla jarılğandılatheirs are split |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu jarılğandı, bıla jarılğandıla. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".
Which reading? Look at what follows.
| jarılğan + noun | the one who is split (the noun is the doer) |
|---|---|
| jarılğanı, nothing after | someone's being split |
| jarılğanı under bilirge, körürge | that someone is split |
With an owner
| my | jarılğanımmy having been split |
|---|---|
| your | jarılğanıŋyour having been split |
| his / her | jarılğanıhis / her having been split |
| our | jarılğanıbızour having been split |
| you all's | jarılğanığızyou all's having been split |
| their | jarılğanlarıtheir having been split |
Cases with an owner
The endings on jarılğanı, the form with a third-person owner. Every other owner takes the same six.
| nominative | jarılğanıhis / her having been split |
|---|---|
| genitive | jarılğanınıhis / her having been split's |
| accusative | jarılğanınhis / her having been split |
| dative | jarılğanınato his / her having been split |
| locative | jarılğanındawhen he / she was split |
| ablative | jarılğanındanafter he / she was split |
Negative
| the negative | jarılmağanthe one that was not split |
|---|---|
| his / her | jarılmağanıhis / her not having been split |