jarqma
/dʒarqma/ · plural jarqmala
fragment, shard, a large piece (of something that has burst or broken); shell fragment, shrapnel — Often used of the fragments of an exploded shell or grenade. The phrase aqılı jarqmadı means "he is not all there".
- granatnı jarqmaları — the fragments of a grenade
- top oqnu jarqmaları — the fragments of an artillery shell
- jarqmaları buzlaça çaçıladıla — their fragments scatter like hail
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | jarqmathe large piece | jarqmammy large piece | jarqmaŋyour large piece | jarqmasıhis large piece | jarqmabızour large piece | jarqmağızyou all's large piece | jarqmalarıtheir large pieces |
| Genitive | jarqmanıthe large piece's | jarqmamımy large piece's | jarqmaŋıyour large piece's | jarqmasınıhis large piece's | jarqmabıznıour large piece's | jarqmağıznıyou all's large piece's | jarqmalarınıtheir large pieces' |
| Accusative | jarqmanıthe large piece (as the object) | jarqmamımy large piece (as the object) | jarqmaŋıyour large piece (as the object) | jarqmasınhis large piece (as the object) | jarqmabıznıour large piece (as the object) | jarqmağıznıyou all's large piece (as the object) | jarqmalarıntheir large pieces (as the object) |
| Dative | jarqmağato the large piece | jarqmamato my large piece | jarqmaŋato your large piece | jarqmasınato his large piece | jarqmabızğato our large piece | jarqmağızğato you all's large piece | jarqmalarınato their large pieces |
| Locative | jarqmadain / at the large piece | jarqmamdain / at my large piece | jarqmaŋdain / at your large piece | jarqmasındain / at his large piece | jarqmabızdain / at our large piece | jarqmağızdain / at you all's large piece | jarqmalarındain / at their large pieces |
| Ablative | jarqmadanfrom the large piece | jarqmamdanfrom my large piece | jarqmaŋdanfrom your large piece | jarqmasındanfrom his large piece | jarqmabızdanfrom our large piece | jarqmağızdanfrom you all's large piece | jarqmalarındanfrom their large pieces |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | jarqmalathe large pieces | jarqmalarımmy large pieces | jarqmalarıŋyour large pieces | jarqmalarıhis large pieces | jarqmalarıbızour large pieces | jarqmalarığızyou all's large pieces | jarqmalarıtheir large pieces |
| Genitive | jarqmalanıthe large pieces' | jarqmalarımımy large pieces' | jarqmalarıŋıyour large pieces' | jarqmalarınıhis large pieces' | jarqmalarıbıznıour large pieces' | jarqmalarığıznıyou all's large pieces' | jarqmalarınıtheir large pieces' |
| Accusative | jarqmalanıthe large pieces (as the object) | jarqmalarımımy large pieces (as the object) | jarqmalarıŋıyour large pieces (as the object) | jarqmalarınhis large pieces (as the object) | jarqmalarıbıznıour large pieces (as the object) | jarqmalarığıznıyou all's large pieces (as the object) | jarqmalarıntheir large pieces (as the object) |
| Dative | jarqmalağato the large pieces | jarqmalarımato my large pieces | jarqmalarıŋato your large pieces | jarqmalarınato his large pieces | jarqmalarıbızğato our large pieces | jarqmalarığızğato you all's large pieces | jarqmalarınato their large pieces |
| Locative | jarqmaladain / at the large pieces | jarqmalarımdain / at my large pieces | jarqmalarıŋdain / at your large pieces | jarqmalarındain / at his large pieces | jarqmalarıbızdain / at our large pieces | jarqmalarığızdain / at you all's large pieces | jarqmalarındain / at their large pieces |
| Ablative | jarqmaladanfrom the large pieces | jarqmalarımdanfrom my large pieces | jarqmalarıŋdanfrom your large pieces | jarqmalarındanfrom his large pieces | jarqmalarıbızdanfrom our large pieces | jarqmalarığızdanfrom you all's large pieces | jarqmalarındanfrom their large pieces |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: jarqmaları can mean "his / her large pieces", "their large piece", or "their large pieces" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.