jargam
/dʒarɡam/ · plural jargamla
1. a small ravine, a gully
- teren jargam — a deep gully
- jargamnı janında — beside the gully
- jargamda suw bardı — there is water in the gully
- jargamğa tüşerge — to fall into the gully
- suw aşağan saz jargamlanı ortalarında — among the clay gullies eaten away by water
2. a steep bank, a cliff, a precipice
- miyik jargam — a high cliff
- ulaqla jargamladan sekiredile — the kids jump from the cliffs
- jargamnı başında turabız — we are standing at the top of the cliff
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | jargamthe small ravine | jargamımmy small ravine | jargamıŋyour small ravine | jargamıhis small ravine | jargamıbızour small ravine | jargamığızyou all's small ravine | jargamlarıtheir small ravines |
| Genitive | jargamnıthe small ravine's | jargamımımy small ravine's | jargamıŋıyour small ravine's | jargamınıhis small ravine's | jargamıbıznıour small ravine's | jargamığıznıyou all's small ravine's | jargamlarınıtheir small ravines' |
| Accusative | jargamnıthe small ravine (as the object) | jargamımımy small ravine (as the object) | jargamıŋıyour small ravine (as the object) | jargamınhis small ravine (as the object) | jargamıbıznıour small ravine (as the object) | jargamığıznıyou all's small ravine (as the object) | jargamlarıntheir small ravines (as the object) |
| Dative | jargamğato the small ravine | jargamımato my small ravine | jargamıŋato your small ravine | jargamınato his small ravine | jargamıbızğato our small ravine | jargamığızğato you all's small ravine | jargamlarınato their small ravines |
| Locative | jargamdain / at the small ravine | jargamımdain / at my small ravine | jargamıŋdain / at your small ravine | jargamındain / at his small ravine | jargamıbızdain / at our small ravine | jargamığızdain / at you all's small ravine | jargamlarındain / at their small ravines |
| Ablative | jargamdanfrom the small ravine | jargamımdanfrom my small ravine | jargamıŋdanfrom your small ravine | jargamındanfrom his small ravine | jargamıbızdanfrom our small ravine | jargamığızdanfrom you all's small ravine | jargamlarındanfrom their small ravines |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | jargamlathe small ravines | jargamlarımmy small ravines | jargamlarıŋyour small ravines | jargamlarıhis small ravines | jargamlarıbızour small ravines | jargamlarığızyou all's small ravines | jargamlarıtheir small ravines |
| Genitive | jargamlanıthe small ravines' | jargamlarımımy small ravines' | jargamlarıŋıyour small ravines' | jargamlarınıhis small ravines' | jargamlarıbıznıour small ravines' | jargamlarığıznıyou all's small ravines' | jargamlarınıtheir small ravines' |
| Accusative | jargamlanıthe small ravines (as the object) | jargamlarımımy small ravines (as the object) | jargamlarıŋıyour small ravines (as the object) | jargamlarınhis small ravines (as the object) | jargamlarıbıznıour small ravines (as the object) | jargamlarığıznıyou all's small ravines (as the object) | jargamlarıntheir small ravines (as the object) |
| Dative | jargamlağato the small ravines | jargamlarımato my small ravines | jargamlarıŋato your small ravines | jargamlarınato his small ravines | jargamlarıbızğato our small ravines | jargamlarığızğato you all's small ravines | jargamlarınato their small ravines |
| Locative | jargamladain / at the small ravines | jargamlarımdain / at my small ravines | jargamlarıŋdain / at your small ravines | jargamlarındain / at his small ravines | jargamlarıbızdain / at our small ravines | jargamlarığızdain / at you all's small ravines | jargamlarındain / at their small ravines |
| Ablative | jargamladanfrom the small ravines | jargamlarımdanfrom my small ravines | jargamlarıŋdanfrom your small ravines | jargamlarındanfrom his small ravines | jargamlarıbızdanfrom our small ravines | jargamlarığızdanfrom you all's small ravines | jargamlarındanfrom their small ravines |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: jargamları can mean "his / her small ravines", "their small ravine", or "their small ravines" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.