jaraw
/dʒaraw/ · plural jarawla
1. benefit, use, effect, influence — The verbal noun of jararğa 'be useful', as in darmannı jarawu 'the effect of a medicine'.
- darmannı jarawu — the effect of the medicine
- bu darmannı jarawu bolmadı — this medicine had no effect
- bu işni jarawu ulludu — the benefit of this work is great
- halqına jaraw — being of use to one's people
2. training, warm-up — Also used before a noun to mean trained or broken in, as with jaraw at 'a broken-in horse'.
- jaraw sawluqğa igidi — training is good for health
- har kün jaraw etedi — he trains every day
- oyundan alğa jaraw etdik — we warmed up before the game
- atnı jaraw eterge — to warm up a horse
- jaraw bolurğa — to warm up
- jaraw at — a broken-in horse
3. call of nature, natural need — Usually takes a possessive ending, often after kesi 'own', as in kesi jarawuŋu eterge 'to relieve oneself'.
- kesi jarawuŋu eterge — to relieve oneself
- kesi jarawuna çıqdı — he went out to relieve himself
- kesi jarawuma çığama — I am going out to relieve myself
- sabiy kesi jarawun etdi — the child relieved himself
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | jarawthe benefit | jarawummy benefit | jarawuŋyour benefit | jarawuhis benefit | jarawubuzour benefit | jarawuğuzyou all's benefit | jarawlarıtheir benefits |
| Genitive | jarawnuthe benefit's | jarawumumy benefit's | jarawuŋuyour benefit's | jarawunuhis benefit's | jarawubuznuour benefit's | jarawuğuznuyou all's benefit's | jarawlarınıtheir benefits' |
| Accusative | jarawnuthe benefit (as the object) | jarawumumy benefit (as the object) | jarawuŋuyour benefit (as the object) | jarawunhis benefit (as the object) | jarawubuznuour benefit (as the object) | jarawuğuznuyou all's benefit (as the object) | jarawlarıntheir benefits (as the object) |
| Dative | jarawğato the benefit | jarawumato my benefit | jarawuŋato your benefit | jarawunato his benefit | jarawubuzğato our benefit | jarawuğuzğato you all's benefit | jarawlarınato their benefits |
| Locative | jarawdain / at the benefit | jarawumdain / at my benefit | jarawuŋdain / at your benefit | jarawundain / at his benefit | jarawubuzdain / at our benefit | jarawuğuzdain / at you all's benefit | jarawlarındain / at their benefits |
| Ablative | jarawdanfrom the benefit | jarawumdanfrom my benefit | jarawuŋdanfrom your benefit | jarawundanfrom his benefit | jarawubuzdanfrom our benefit | jarawuğuzdanfrom you all's benefit | jarawlarındanfrom their benefits |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | jarawlathe benefits | jarawlarımmy benefits | jarawlarıŋyour benefits | jarawlarıhis benefits | jarawlarıbızour benefits | jarawlarığızyou all's benefits | jarawlarıtheir benefits |
| Genitive | jarawlanıthe benefits' | jarawlarımımy benefits' | jarawlarıŋıyour benefits' | jarawlarınıhis benefits' | jarawlarıbıznıour benefits' | jarawlarığıznıyou all's benefits' | jarawlarınıtheir benefits' |
| Accusative | jarawlanıthe benefits (as the object) | jarawlarımımy benefits (as the object) | jarawlarıŋıyour benefits (as the object) | jarawlarınhis benefits (as the object) | jarawlarıbıznıour benefits (as the object) | jarawlarığıznıyou all's benefits (as the object) | jarawlarıntheir benefits (as the object) |
| Dative | jarawlağato the benefits | jarawlarımato my benefits | jarawlarıŋato your benefits | jarawlarınato his benefits | jarawlarıbızğato our benefits | jarawlarığızğato you all's benefits | jarawlarınato their benefits |
| Locative | jarawladain / at the benefits | jarawlarımdain / at my benefits | jarawlarıŋdain / at your benefits | jarawlarındain / at his benefits | jarawlarıbızdain / at our benefits | jarawlarığızdain / at you all's benefits | jarawlarındain / at their benefits |
| Ablative | jarawladanfrom the benefits | jarawlarımdanfrom my benefits | jarawlarıŋdanfrom your benefits | jarawlarındanfrom his benefits | jarawlarıbızdanfrom our benefits | jarawlarığızdanfrom you all's benefits | jarawlarındanfrom their benefits |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: jarawları can mean "his / her benefits", "their benefit", or "their benefits" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.