jarıq

/dʒarɯq/ · plural jarıqla

Balkar spelling: zharıq

1. (adj.) bright, luminous, shining — Said of a source of light: the sun, the moon, a star, a lamp.

jarıq julduz — a bright star
jarıq ay — a bright moon
jarıq çıraq — a bright lamp
jarıq otdan közleri qamadı — his eyes were dazzled by the bright fire
jarıq kün tawla köründüle — on a bright day the mountains became visible

2. (adj.) light, well-lit — Said of a room, a house or a night that is full of light.

jarıq otow — a light room
mından ese anda jarıqdı — it is lighter there than here
üyübüznü içi bek jarıqdı — the inside of our house is very light

3. (n.) light, illumination, radiance, brightness

künnü jarığı — the light of the sun
terezeden jarıq uradı — light falls through the window
taŋ jarığı köründü — the light of dawn appeared
üyde jarıq söndü — the light went out in the house
julduzlanı jarığı joldan taydırmaz — the light of the stars won't lead one off the road

4. (adj.) cheerful, glad, joyous (fig.)

jarıq adam — a cheerful person
anı kölü jarıqdı — his heart is glad
jarıq jaşaw — a joyous life
jarıq bet bla salam berdi — he greeted them with a cheerful face
toyda jarıq jırla jırlandıla — cheerful songs were sung at the wedding
kölü jarıq adam qıyınlıqdan qorqmaz — a person with a cheerful heart does not fear hardship

5. (adj.) vivid in color, bright, light (of a color or paint)

jarıq jaşil — light green
jarıq boyawla — vivid paints
jarıq boyawla bla boyalğandıla — they were painted with vivid paints
jarıq tışlı kitabnı oquydu — reads a book with a bright cover
jarıq qumaç — a light-colored fabric
jarıq betli kölek — a vividly colored shirt
bu boyaw bek jarıqdı — this paint is very vivid

6. (adv.) brightly

ot jarıq janadı — the fire burns brightly
çıraqla jarıq janadıla — the lamps burn brightly
otunla jarıq jana edile — the firewood was burning brightly
lampa jarıq janadı — the lamp burns brightly
julduzla jarıq jıltıraydıla — the stars are shining brightly

7. (adv.) cheerfully, joyfully (fig.)

bizni bla jarıq salamlaşadı — greets us cheerfully
bizge bek jarıq tübeydile — they receive us very cheerfully
boş zamanıŋı jarıq aşır — spend your free time cheerfully
duniyasın jarıq ötdürgendi — has spent his life cheerfully
jarıq salamlaşdı — greeted cheerfully
bizge jarıq tübedile — they received us cheerfully
jarıq söleşebiz — we speak cheerfully

8. (n.) lit place, illuminated space

dorbundan jarıqğa çıqdıq — we came out of the cave into the light
jarıqdan qaraŋığa kirdi — he went from the light into the dark
sabiyle jarıqda oynaydıla — the children are playing where it is light
jarıqda oltururğa süeme — I like to sit in the light

9. (n.) joy, gladness, joyful thing (fig.)

anı ömürü jarıq körmey ötgendi — his life passed without seeing joy
bir jarıq körmey — without seeing any joy
üyge jarıq keldi — joy came to the house
jarığıbız köb bolsun — may our joy be great

10. (adj.) sublime, noble, wonderful, excellent (fig.)

jarıq murat — a noble aspiration
jarıq sezim — a sublime feeling
seni jarıq muratıŋ — your noble aspiration
jarıq işle etgendi — he has done noble deeds
jarıq muratla bla jaşaybız — we live with noble aspirations

11. (adj.) significant, important, notable (fig.) one source

bu jarıq iş edi — this was a significant deed
jarıq jetişimle boldula — there were notable achievements
jarıq ızın qoyğandı — he has left a notable mark

12. (adj.) transparent, very clear — Said of water and of glass.

suw bek jarıqdı — the water is very clear
jarıq miyala — transparent glass
jarıq suwda balıqla körünedile — fish are visible in the clear water

13. (adj.) resonant, ringing — Said of a voice or a sound.

jarıq awaz — a ringing voice
jarıq tawuş — a resonant sound
anı awazı jarıqdı — his voice is resonant
jarıq awaz bla jırlaydı — she sings with a ringing voice

14. (adj.) hospitable, welcoming

qonaqğa jarıq — hospitable to guests
jarıq tübeşiw — a welcoming meeting
jarıq tübew — a welcoming reception
qonaqğa jarıq adam — a person who is hospitable to guests
qonaqbayıbız bek jarıqdı — our host is very welcoming

15. (adj.) bustling, crowded — Said of a street or another public place.

jarıq oram — a bustling street
bazar bügün jarıqdı — the market is crowded today
bayramda oramla jarıq edile — on the holiday the streets were bustling

16. (adj.) distinct, clear — Said of pronunciation and of speech. one source

jarıq söleşiw — distinct speech
anı aytıwu jarıqdı — his pronunciation is distinct
ustaznı sözü jarıqdı — the teacher's speech is distinct

17. (adv.) distinctly one source

sözleni jarıq aytadı — he pronounces the words distinctly
men anı jarıq eşitdim — I heard it distinctly
ustaz jarıq söleşedi — the teacher speaks distinctly

Expressions

duniya jarığı — one's dearest; happy life (Idiom)
duniya jarığın alğa körgen — firstborn (Idiom)
duniya jarığın körürge — have eyesight; live happily (Idiom · Collocation)
jarıq bolurğa — greet warmly (Idiom)

Found in

Describing character 100 common adjectives

Sources

Show 6 sources

Gochiyaeva et al. 1993 · Russian–Karachay Learner's Dictionary · meanings 2, 4
Guzeev (ed.) 1996–2005 · Explanatory Dictionary of the Karachay-Balkar Language · meanings 1–12
Guzeev 2013 · Dictionary of Homonyms of the Karachay-Balkar Language · meanings 1–4, 6, 7, 10
Nevruz 1991 · Karachay-Balkar–Turkish Dictionary · meanings 1, 3, 4
Suyunchev and Urusbiev (eds.) 1965 · Russian–Karachay-Balkar Dictionary · meanings 1–7, 12–17
Tenishev and Suyunchev (eds.) 1989 · Karachay-Balkar–Russian Dictionary · meanings 1–7, 13–15

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As an adjective

Degrees and persons

Degrees and persons — jarıq
Degree	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
base form	jarıqmaI am bright	jarıqsayou are bright	jarıqdıhe is bright	jarıqbızwe are bright	jarıqsızyou all are bright	jarıqdılathey are bright
comparative — more	jarığıraqmaI am brighter	jarığıraqsayou are brighter	jarığıraqdıhe is brighter	jarığıraqbızwe are brighter	jarığıraqsızyou all are brighter	jarığıraqdılathey are brighter
intensifier — very	bek jarıqmaI am very bright	bek jarıqsayou are very bright	bek jarıqdıhe is very bright	bek jarıqbızwe are very bright	bek jarıqsızyou all are very bright	bek jarıqdılathey are very bright
superlative — most	em jarıqmaI am the brightest	em jarıqsayou are the brightest	em jarıqdıhe is the brightest	em jarıqbızwe are the brightest	em jarıqsızyou all are the brightest	em jarıqdılathey are the brightest

To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden jarıqdı — "compared to me, he is bright."

Saying it about mine, yours, theirs

One thing

One thing — jarıq
Degree	menikimine	senikiyours	anıqıhis / hers	biznikiours	siznikiyours (pl.)	alanıqıtheirs
base form	meniki jarıqdımine is bright	seniki jarıqdıyours is bright	anıqı jarıqdıhis is bright	bizniki jarıqdıours is bright	sizniki jarıqdıyours (pl.) is bright	alanıqı jarıqdıtheirs is bright
comparative — more	meniki jarığıraqdımine is brighter	seniki jarığıraqdıyours is brighter	anıqı jarığıraqdıhis is brighter	bizniki jarığıraqdıours is brighter	sizniki jarığıraqdıyours (pl.) is brighter	alanıqı jarığıraqdıtheirs is brighter
intensifier — very	meniki bek jarıqdımine is very bright	seniki bek jarıqdıyours is very bright	anıqı bek jarıqdıhis is very bright	bizniki bek jarıqdıours is very bright	sizniki bek jarıqdıyours (pl.) is very bright	alanıqı bek jarıqdıtheirs is very bright
superlative — most	meniki em jarıqdımine is the brightest	seniki em jarıqdıyours is the brightest	anıqı em jarıqdıhis is the brightest	bizniki em jarıqdıours is the brightest	sizniki em jarıqdıyours (pl.) is the brightest	alanıqı em jarıqdıtheirs is the brightest

Several things

Several things — jarıq
Degree	menikilemine	senikileyours	anıqılahis / hers	biznikileours	siznikileyours (pl.)	alanıqılatheirs
base form	menikile jarıqdılamine are bright	senikile jarıqdılayours are bright	anıqıla jarıqdılahis are bright	biznikile jarıqdılaours are bright	siznikile jarıqdılayours (pl.) are bright	alanıqıla jarıqdılatheirs are bright
comparative — more	menikile jarığıraqdılamine are brighter	senikile jarığıraqdılayours are brighter	anıqıla jarığıraqdılahis are brighter	biznikile jarığıraqdılaours are brighter	siznikile jarığıraqdılayours (pl.) are brighter	alanıqıla jarığıraqdılatheirs are brighter
intensifier — very	menikile bek jarıqdılamine are very bright	senikile bek jarıqdılayours are very bright	anıqıla bek jarıqdılahis are very bright	biznikile bek jarıqdılaours are very bright	siznikile bek jarıqdılayours (pl.) are very bright	alanıqıla bek jarıqdılatheirs are very bright
superlative — most	menikile em jarıqdılamine are the brightest	senikile em jarıqdılayours are the brightest	anıqıla em jarıqdılahis are the brightest	biznikile em jarıqdılaours are the brightest	siznikile em jarıqdılayours (pl.) are the brightest	alanıqıla em jarıqdılatheirs are the brightest

Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu jarıqdı, bıla jarıqdıla. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".

As a noun

Cases and owners

Singular

Singular — cases of jarıq, plain and with an owner
Case	—plain	menimy	seniyour	anıhis / her	bizniour	sizniyou all's	alanıtheir
Nominative	jarıqthe illumination	jarığımmy illumination	jarığıŋyour illumination	jarığıhis illumination	jarığıbızour illumination	jarığığızyou all's illumination	jarıqlarıtheir illuminations
Genitive	jarıqnıthe illumination's	jarığımımy illumination's	jarığıŋıyour illumination's	jarığınıhis illumination's	jarığıbıznıour illumination's	jarığığıznıyou all's illumination's	jarıqlarınıtheir illuminations'
Accusative	jarıqnıthe illumination (as the object)	jarığımımy illumination (as the object)	jarığıŋıyour illumination (as the object)	jarığınhis illumination (as the object)	jarığıbıznıour illumination (as the object)	jarığığıznıyou all's illumination (as the object)	jarıqlarıntheir illuminations (as the object)
Dative	jarıqğato the illumination	jarığımato my illumination	jarığıŋato your illumination	jarığınato his illumination	jarığıbızğato our illumination	jarığığızğato you all's illumination	jarıqlarınato their illuminations
Locative	jarıqdain / at the illumination	jarığımdain / at my illumination	jarığıŋdain / at your illumination	jarığındain / at his illumination	jarığıbızdain / at our illumination	jarığığızdain / at you all's illumination	jarıqlarındain / at their illuminations
Ablative	jarıqdanfrom the illumination	jarığımdanfrom my illumination	jarığıŋdanfrom your illumination	jarığındanfrom his illumination	jarığıbızdanfrom our illumination	jarığığızdanfrom you all's illumination	jarıqlarındanfrom their illuminations

Plural

Plural — cases of jarıq, plain and with an owner
Case	—plain	menimy	seniyour	anıhis / her	bizniour	sizniyou all's	alanıtheir
Nominative	jarıqlathe illuminations	jarıqlarımmy illuminations	jarıqlarıŋyour illuminations	jarıqlarıhis illuminations	jarıqlarıbızour illuminations	jarıqlarığızyou all's illuminations	jarıqlarıtheir illuminations
Genitive	jarıqlanıthe illuminations'	jarıqlarımımy illuminations'	jarıqlarıŋıyour illuminations'	jarıqlarınıhis illuminations'	jarıqlarıbıznıour illuminations'	jarıqlarığıznıyou all's illuminations'	jarıqlarınıtheir illuminations'
Accusative	jarıqlanıthe illuminations (as the object)	jarıqlarımımy illuminations (as the object)	jarıqlarıŋıyour illuminations (as the object)	jarıqlarınhis illuminations (as the object)	jarıqlarıbıznıour illuminations (as the object)	jarıqlarığıznıyou all's illuminations (as the object)	jarıqlarıntheir illuminations (as the object)
Dative	jarıqlağato the illuminations	jarıqlarımato my illuminations	jarıqlarıŋato your illuminations	jarıqlarınato his illuminations	jarıqlarıbızğato our illuminations	jarıqlarığızğato you all's illuminations	jarıqlarınato their illuminations
Locative	jarıqladain / at the illuminations	jarıqlarımdain / at my illuminations	jarıqlarıŋdain / at your illuminations	jarıqlarındain / at his illuminations	jarıqlarıbızdain / at our illuminations	jarıqlarığızdain / at you all's illuminations	jarıqlarındain / at their illuminations
Ablative	jarıqladanfrom the illuminations	jarıqlarımdanfrom my illuminations	jarıqlarıŋdanfrom your illuminations	jarıqlarındanfrom his illuminations	jarıqlarıbızdanfrom our illuminations	jarıqlarığızdanfrom you all's illuminations	jarıqlarındanfrom their illuminations

The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: jarıqları can mean "his / her illuminations", "their illumination", or "their illuminations" — context decides.

The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.