janaşırğa
/dʒanaʃɯrʁa/
approach, draw near, come close, move closer (to someone or something)
- biz elge janaşabız — we are approaching the village
- men otha janaşdım — I moved closer to the fire
- suwğa janaşma — don't go near the water
Conjugation
Common forms
- janaşadıhe is approaching
- janaşdıhe approached
- janaşhandıhe has approached
- janaşırhe will approach
- janaşırıqdıhe is going to approach
- janaşa edihe was approaching
- janaşsaif he approaches
- janaş!approach!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjanaşamaI am approaching | senjanaşasayou are approaching | oljanaşadıhe is approaching | bizjanaşabızwe are approaching | sizjanaşasızyou all are approaching | alajanaşadılathey are approaching |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjanaşmaymaI am not approaching | senjanaşmaysayou are not approaching | oljanaşmaydıhe is not approaching | bizjanaşmaybızwe are not approaching | sizjanaşmaysızyou all are not approaching | alajanaşmaydılathey are not approaching |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjanaşamamı? janaşamıma?am I approaching? | senjanaşamısa?are you approaching? | oljanaşamıdı?is he approaching? | bizjanaşabızmı? janaşamıbız?are we approaching? | sizjanaşamısız?are you all approaching? | alajanaşamıdıla?are they approaching? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjanaşmaymamı? janaşmaymıma?aren't I approaching? | senjanaşmaymısa?aren't you approaching? | oljanaşmaymıdı?isn't he approaching? | bizjanaşmaybızmı? janaşmaymıbız?aren't we approaching? | sizjanaşmaymısız?aren't you all approaching? | alajanaşmaymıdıla?aren't they approaching? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjanaşıwçanmaI usually approach | senjanaşıwçansayou usually approach | oljanaşıwçandıhe usually approaches | bizjanaşıwçanbızwe usually approach | sizjanaşıwçansızyou all usually approach | alajanaşıwçandılathey usually approach |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjanaşmawçanmaI usually don't approach | senjanaşmawçansayou usually don't approach | oljanaşmawçandıhe usually doesn't approach | bizjanaşmawçanbızwe usually don't approach | sizjanaşmawçansızyou all usually don't approach | alajanaşmawçandılathey usually don't approach |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjanaşıwçanmamı? janaşıwçanmıma?do I usually approach? | senjanaşıwçanmısa?do you usually approach? | oljanaşıwçanmıdı?does he usually approach? | bizjanaşıwçanbızmı? janaşıwçanmıbız?do we usually approach? | sizjanaşıwçanmısız?do you all usually approach? | alajanaşıwçanmıdıla?do they usually approach? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjanaşmawçanmamı? janaşmawçanmıma?do I usually not approach? | senjanaşmawçanmısa?do you usually not approach? | oljanaşmawçanmıdı?does he usually not approach? | bizjanaşmawçanbızmı? janaşmawçanmıbız?do we usually not approach? | sizjanaşmawçanmısız?do you all usually not approach? | alajanaşmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not approach? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljanaşıbdıhe has approached and remains so | alajanaşıbdılathey have approached and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljanaşıbmıdı?has he approached? | alajanaşıbmıdıla?have they approached? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjanaşıb turamaI keep approaching | senjanaşıb turasayou keep approaching | oljanaşıb turadıhe keeps approaching | bizjanaşıb turabızwe keep approaching | sizjanaşıb turasızyou all keep approaching | alajanaşıb turadılathey keep approaching |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjanaşıb turmaymaI don't keep approaching | senjanaşıb turmaysayou don't keep approaching | oljanaşıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep approaching | bizjanaşıb turmaybızwe don't keep approaching | sizjanaşıb turmaysızyou all don't keep approaching | alajanaşıb turmaydılathey don't keep approaching |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjanaşıb turamamı? janaşıb turamıma?do I keep approaching? | senjanaşıb turamısa?do you keep approaching? | oljanaşıb turamıdı?does he keep approaching? | bizjanaşıb turabızmı? janaşıb turamıbız?do we keep approaching? | sizjanaşıb turamısız?do you all keep approaching? | alajanaşıb turamıdıla?do they keep approaching? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjanaşıb turmaymamı? janaşıb turmaymıma?don't I keep approaching? | senjanaşıb turmaymısa?don't you keep approaching? | oljanaşıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep approaching? | bizjanaşıb turmaybızmı? janaşıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep approaching? | sizjanaşıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep approaching? | alajanaşıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep approaching? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjanaşa turamaI am in the middle of approaching | senjanaşa turasayou are in the middle of approaching | oljanaşa turadıhe is in the middle of approaching | bizjanaşa turabızwe are in the middle of approaching | sizjanaşa turasızyou all are in the middle of approaching | alajanaşa turadılathey are in the middle of approaching |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjanaşa turmaymaI am not in the middle of approaching | senjanaşa turmaysayou are not in the middle of approaching | oljanaşa turmaydıhe is not in the middle of approaching | bizjanaşa turmaybızwe are not in the middle of approaching | sizjanaşa turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of approaching | alajanaşa turmaydılathey are not in the middle of approaching |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjanaşa turamamı? janaşa turamıma?am I in the middle of approaching? | senjanaşa turamısa?are you in the middle of approaching? | oljanaşa turamıdı?is he in the middle of approaching? | bizjanaşa turabızmı? janaşa turamıbız?are we in the middle of approaching? | sizjanaşa turamısız?are you all in the middle of approaching? | alajanaşa turamıdıla?are they in the middle of approaching? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjanaşa turmaymamı? janaşa turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of approaching? | senjanaşa turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of approaching? | oljanaşa turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of approaching? | bizjanaşa turmaybızmı? janaşa turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of approaching? | sizjanaşa turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of approaching? | alajanaşa turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of approaching? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjanaşdımI approached | senjanaşdıŋyou approached | oljanaşdıhe approached | bizjanaşdıqwe approached | sizjanaşdığızyou all approached | alajanaşdılathey approached |
| Simple past (definite) | menjanaşmadımI didn't approach | senjanaşmadıŋyou didn't approach | oljanaşmadıhe didn't approach | bizjanaşmadıqwe didn't approach | sizjanaşmadığızyou all didn't approach | alajanaşmadılathey didn't approach |
| Simple past (definite) | menjanaşdımmı?did I approach? | senjanaşdıŋmı?did you approach? | oljanaşdımı?did he approach? | bizjanaşdıqmı?did we approach? | sizjanaşdığızmı?did you all approach? | alajanaşdılamı?did they approach? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjanaşmadımmı?didn't I approach? | senjanaşmadıŋmı?didn't you approach? | oljanaşmadımı?didn't he approach? | bizjanaşmadıqmı?didn't we approach? | sizjanaşmadığızmı?didn't you all approach? | alajanaşmadılamı?didn't they approach? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjanaşhanmaI have approached | senjanaşhansayou have approached | oljanaşhandıhe has approached | bizjanaşhanbızwe have approached | sizjanaşhansızyou all have approached | alajanaşhandılathey have approached |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjanaşmağanmaI haven't approached | senjanaşmağansayou haven't approached | oljanaşmağandıhe hasn't approached | bizjanaşmağanbızwe haven't approached | sizjanaşmağansızyou all haven't approached | alajanaşmağandılathey haven't approached |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjanaşhanmamı? janaşhanmıma?have I approached? | senjanaşhanmısa?have you approached? | oljanaşhanmıdı?has he approached? | bizjanaşhanbızmı? janaşhanmıbız?have we approached? | sizjanaşhanmısız?have you all approached? | alajanaşhanmıdıla?have they approached? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjanaşmağanmamı? janaşmağanmıma?haven't I approached? | senjanaşmağanmısa?haven't you approached? | oljanaşmağanmıdı?hasn't he approached? | bizjanaşmağanbızmı? janaşmağanmıbız?haven't we approached? | sizjanaşmağanmısız?haven't you all approached? | alajanaşmağanmıdıla?haven't they approached? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjanaşıb turdumI kept approaching | senjanaşıb turduŋyou kept approaching | oljanaşıb turduhe kept approaching | bizjanaşıb turduqwe kept approaching | sizjanaşıb turduğuzyou all kept approaching | alajanaşıb turdulathey kept approaching |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjanaşıb turmadımI didn't keep approaching | senjanaşıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep approaching | oljanaşıb turmadıhe didn't keep approaching | bizjanaşıb turmadıqwe didn't keep approaching | sizjanaşıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep approaching | alajanaşıb turmadılathey didn't keep approaching |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjanaşırmaI will approach | senjanaşırsayou will approach | oljanaşırhe will approach | bizjanaşırbızwe will approach | sizjanaşırsızyou all will approach | alajanaşırlathey will approach |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjanaşmazmaI won't approach | senjanaşmazsayou won't approach | oljanaşmazhe won't approach | bizjanaşmazbızwe won't approach | sizjanaşmazsızyou all won't approach | alajanaşmazlathey won't approach |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjanaşırmamı? janaşırmıma?will I approach? | senjanaşırmısa?will you approach? | oljanaşırmı?will he approach? | bizjanaşırbızmı? janaşırmıbız?will we approach? | sizjanaşırmısız?will you all approach? | alajanaşırlamı? janaşırmıla?will they approach? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjanaşmazmamı? janaşmazmıma?won't I approach? | senjanaşmazmısa?won't you approach? | oljanaşmazmı?won't he approach? | bizjanaşmazbızmı? janaşmazmıbız?won't we approach? | sizjanaşmazmısız?won't you all approach? | alajanaşmazlamı? janaşmazmıla?won't they approach? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjanaşırıqmaI am going to approach | senjanaşırıqsayou are going to approach | oljanaşırıqdıhe is going to approach | bizjanaşırıqbızwe are going to approach | sizjanaşırıqsızyou all are going to approach | alajanaşırıqdılathey are going to approach |
| Definite future (future II) | menjanaşırıq tülmeI am not going to approach | senjanaşırıq tülseyou are not going to approach | oljanaşırıq tüldühe is not going to approach | bizjanaşırıq tülbüzwe are not going to approach | sizjanaşırıq tülsüzyou all are not going to approach | alajanaşırıq tüldülethey are not going to approach |
| Definite future (future II) | menjanaşırıqmamı? janaşırıqmıma?am I going to approach? | senjanaşırıqmısa?are you going to approach? | oljanaşırıqmıdı?is he going to approach? | bizjanaşırıqbızmı? janaşırıqmıbız?are we going to approach? | sizjanaşırıqmısız?are you all going to approach? | alajanaşırıqmıdıla?are they going to approach? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjanaşırıq tülmüme?aren't I going to approach? | senjanaşırıq tülmüse?aren't you going to approach? | oljanaşırıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to approach? | bizjanaşırıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to approach? | sizjanaşırıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to approach? | alajanaşırıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to approach? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjanaşhan edimjanaşhanemI had approached | senjanaşhan ediŋjanaşhaneŋyou had approached | oljanaşhan edijanaşhanedhe had approached | bizjanaşhan edikjanaşhanekwe had approached | sizjanaşhan edigizjanaşhanegizyou all had approached | alajanaşhan edilejanaşhanellethey had approached |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjanaşmağan edimjanaşmağanemI hadn't approached | senjanaşmağan ediŋjanaşmağaneŋyou hadn't approached | oljanaşmağan edijanaşmağanedhe hadn't approached | bizjanaşmağan edikjanaşmağanekwe hadn't approached | sizjanaşmağan edigizjanaşmağanegizyou all hadn't approached | alajanaşmağan edilejanaşmağanellethey hadn't approached |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjanaşa edimjanaşaemI was approaching | senjanaşa ediŋjanaşaeŋyou were approaching | oljanaşa edijanaşaedhe was approaching | bizjanaşa edikjanaşaekwe were approaching | sizjanaşa edigizjanaşaegizyou all were approaching | alajanaşa edilejanaşaellethey were approaching |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjanaşmay edimjanaşmayemI wasn't approaching | senjanaşmay ediŋjanaşmayeŋyou weren't approaching | oljanaşmay edijanaşmayedhe wasn't approaching | bizjanaşmay edikjanaşmayekwe weren't approaching | sizjanaşmay edigizjanaşmayegizyou all weren't approaching | alajanaşmay edilejanaşmayellethey weren't approaching |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjanaşıwçan edimjanaşıwçanemI used to approach | senjanaşıwçan ediŋjanaşıwçaneŋyou used to approach | oljanaşıwçan edijanaşıwçanedhe used to approach | bizjanaşıwçan edikjanaşıwçanekwe used to approach | sizjanaşıwçan edigizjanaşıwçanegizyou all used to approach | alajanaşıwçan edilejanaşıwçanellethey used to approach |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjanaşmawçan edimjanaşmawçanemI didn't use to approach | senjanaşmawçan ediŋjanaşmawçaneŋyou didn't use to approach | oljanaşmawçan edijanaşmawçanedhe didn't use to approach | bizjanaşmawçan edikjanaşmawçanekwe didn't use to approach | sizjanaşmawçan edigizjanaşmawçanegizyou all didn't use to approach | alajanaşmawçan edilejanaşmawçanellethey didn't use to approach |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljanaşıb edihe had approached and remained so | alajanaşıb edilethey had approached and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljanaşıb tül edihe hadn't approached | alajanaşıb tül edilethey hadn't approached | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjanaşıb tura edimjanaşıb turaemI had kept approaching | senjanaşıb tura ediŋjanaşıb turaeŋyou had kept approaching | oljanaşıb tura edijanaşıb turaedhe had kept approaching | bizjanaşıb tura edikjanaşıb turaekwe had kept approaching | sizjanaşıb tura edigizjanaşıb turaegizyou all had kept approaching | alajanaşıb tura edilejanaşıb turaellethey had kept approaching |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjanaşıb turmay edimjanaşıb turmayemI hadn't kept approaching | senjanaşıb turmay ediŋjanaşıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept approaching | oljanaşıb turmay edijanaşıb turmayedhe hadn't kept approaching | bizjanaşıb turmay edikjanaşıb turmayekwe hadn't kept approaching | sizjanaşıb turmay edigizjanaşıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept approaching | alajanaşıb turmay edilejanaşıb turmayellethey hadn't kept approaching |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjanaşa tura edimjanaşa turaemI was in the middle of approaching | senjanaşa tura ediŋjanaşa turaeŋyou were in the middle of approaching | oljanaşa tura edijanaşa turaedhe was in the middle of approaching | bizjanaşa tura edikjanaşa turaekwe were in the middle of approaching | sizjanaşa tura edigizjanaşa turaegizyou all were in the middle of approaching | alajanaşa tura edilejanaşa turaellethey were in the middle of approaching |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjanaşa turmay edimjanaşa turmayemI wasn't in the middle of approaching | senjanaşa turmay ediŋjanaşa turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of approaching | oljanaşa turmay edijanaşa turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of approaching | bizjanaşa turmay edikjanaşa turmayekwe weren't in the middle of approaching | sizjanaşa turmay edigizjanaşa turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of approaching | alajanaşa turmay edilejanaşa turmayellethey weren't in the middle of approaching |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjanaşır edimjanaşır emI would approach | senjanaşır ediŋjanaşır eŋyou would approach | oljanaşır edijanaşır edhe would approach | bizjanaşır edikjanaşır ekwe would approach | sizjanaşır edigizjanaşır egizyou all would approach | alajanaşır edilejanaşır ellethey would approach |
| Conditional result (would) | menjanaşmaz edimjanaşmaz emI wouldn't approach | senjanaşmaz ediŋjanaşmaz eŋyou wouldn't approach | oljanaşmaz edijanaşmaz edhe wouldn't approach | bizjanaşmaz edikjanaşmaz ekwe wouldn't approach | sizjanaşmaz edigizjanaşmaz egizyou all wouldn't approach | alajanaşmaz edilejanaşmaz ellethey wouldn't approach |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjanaşırıq edimjanaşırıq emI would have approached | senjanaşırıq ediŋjanaşırıq eŋyou would have approached | oljanaşırıq edijanaşırıq edhe would have approached | bizjanaşırıq edikjanaşırıq ekwe would have approached | sizjanaşırıq edigizjanaşırıq egizyou all would have approached | alajanaşırıq edilejanaşırıq ellethey would have approached |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjanaşırıq tül edimjanaşırıq tül emI wouldn't have approached | senjanaşırıq tül ediŋjanaşırıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have approached | oljanaşırıq tül edijanaşırıq tül edhe wouldn't have approached | bizjanaşırıq tül edikjanaşırıq tül ekwe wouldn't have approached | sizjanaşırıq tül edigizjanaşırıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have approached | alajanaşırıq tül edilejanaşırıq tül ellethey wouldn't have approached |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjanaşsamif I approach | senjanaşsaŋif you approach | oljanaşsaif he approaches | bizjanaşsaqif we approach | sizjanaşsağızif you all approach | alajanaşsalaif they approach |
| Conditional | menjanaşmasamif I don't approach | senjanaşmasaŋif you don't approach | oljanaşmasaif he doesn't approach | bizjanaşmasaqif we don't approach | sizjanaşmasağızif you all don't approach | alajanaşmasalaif they don't approach |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjanaşa esemif I am approaching | senjanaşa eseŋif you are approaching | oljanaşa eseif he is approaching | bizjanaşa esekif we are approaching | sizjanaşa esegizif you all are approaching | alajanaşa eseleif they are approaching |
| Conditional, present real | menjanaşmay esemif I am not approaching | senjanaşmay eseŋif you are not approaching | oljanaşmay eseif he is not approaching | bizjanaşmay esekif we are not approaching | sizjanaşmay esegizif you all are not approaching | alajanaşmay eseleif they are not approaching |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjanaşsam edijanaşsam edif only I approached | senjanaşsaŋ edijanaşsaŋ edif only you approached | oljanaşsa edijanaşsaedif only he approached | bizjanaşsaq edijanaşsaq edif only we approached | sizjanaşsağız edijanaşsağız edif only you all approached | alajanaşsala edijanaşsalaedif only they approached |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjanaşmasam edijanaşmasam edif only I didn't approach | senjanaşmasaŋ edijanaşmasaŋ edif only you didn't approach | oljanaşmasa edijanaşmasaedif only he didn't approach | bizjanaşmasaq edijanaşmasaq edif only we didn't approach | sizjanaşmasağız edijanaşmasağız edif only you all didn't approach | alajanaşmasala edijanaşmasalaedif only they didn't approach |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjanaşıb tursamif I carry on approaching | senjanaşıb tursaŋif you carry on approaching | oljanaşıb tursaif he carries on approaching | bizjanaşıb tursaqif we carry on approaching | sizjanaşıb tursağızif you all carry on approaching | alajanaşıb tursalaif they carry on approaching |
| Durative conditional | menjanaşıb turmasamif I don't carry on approaching | senjanaşıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on approaching | oljanaşıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on approaching | bizjanaşıb turmasaqif we don't carry on approaching | sizjanaşıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on approaching | alajanaşıb turmasalaif they don't carry on approaching |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjanaşıb tura esemif I have kept approaching | senjanaşıb tura eseŋif you have kept approaching | oljanaşıb tura eseif he has kept approaching | bizjanaşıb tura esekif we have kept approaching | sizjanaşıb tura esegizif you all have kept approaching | alajanaşıb tura eseleif they have kept approaching |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjanaşıb turmay esemif I haven't kept approaching | senjanaşıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept approaching | oljanaşıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept approaching | bizjanaşıb turmay esekif we haven't kept approaching | sizjanaşıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept approaching | alajanaşıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept approaching |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjanaşa tursamif I keep approaching | senjanaşa tursaŋif you keep approaching | oljanaşa tursaif he keeps approaching | bizjanaşa tursaqif we keep approaching | sizjanaşa tursağızif you all keep approaching | alajanaşa tursalaif they keep approaching |
| Progressive conditional | menjanaşmay tursamif I keep on not approaching | senjanaşmay tursaŋif you keep on not approaching | oljanaşmay tursaif he keeps on not approaching | bizjanaşmay tursaqif we keep on not approaching | sizjanaşmay tursağızif you all keep on not approaching | alajanaşmay tursalaif they keep on not approaching |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjanaşa tura esemif I am in the middle of approaching | senjanaşa tura eseŋif you are in the middle of approaching | oljanaşa tura eseif he is in the middle of approaching | bizjanaşa tura esekif we are in the middle of approaching | sizjanaşa tura esegizif you all are in the middle of approaching | alajanaşa tura eseleif they are in the middle of approaching |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjanaşmay tura esemif I keep on not approaching | senjanaşmay tura eseŋif you keep on not approaching | oljanaşmay tura eseif he keeps on not approaching | bizjanaşmay tura esekif we keep on not approaching | sizjanaşmay tura esegizif you all keep on not approaching | alajanaşmay tura eseleif they keep on not approaching |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjanaşdım esemif I approached | senjanaşdıŋ eseŋif you approached | oljanaşdı eseif he approached | bizjanaşdıq esekif we approached | sizjanaşdığız esegizif you all approached | alajanaşdıla eseleif they approached |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjanaşmadım esemif I didn't approach | senjanaşmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't approach | oljanaşmadı eseif he didn't approach | bizjanaşmadıq esekif we didn't approach | sizjanaşmadığız esegizif you all didn't approach | alajanaşmadıla eseleif they didn't approach |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjanaşhan esemif I did approach (indeed) | senjanaşhan eseŋif you did approach (indeed) | oljanaşhan eseif he did approach (indeed) | bizjanaşhan esekif we did approach (indeed) | sizjanaşhan esegizif you all did approach (indeed) | alajanaşhan eseleif they did approach (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjanaşmağan esemif I didn't approach (indeed) | senjanaşmağan eseŋif you didn't approach (indeed) | oljanaşmağan eseif he didn't approach (indeed) | bizjanaşmağan esekif we didn't approach (indeed) | sizjanaşmağan esegizif you all didn't approach (indeed) | alajanaşmağan eseleif they didn't approach (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjanaşhan bolsamif I had approached | senjanaşhan bolsaŋif you had approached | oljanaşhan bolsaif he had approached | bizjanaşhan bolsaqif we had approached | sizjanaşhan bolsağızif you all had approached | alajanaşhan bolsalaif they had approached |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjanaşmağan bolsamif I hadn't approached | senjanaşmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't approached | oljanaşmağan bolsaif he hadn't approached | bizjanaşmağan bolsaqif we hadn't approached | sizjanaşmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't approached | alajanaşmağan bolsalaif they hadn't approached |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjanaşhan bolsam edijanaşhan bolsam edif only I had approached | senjanaşhan bolsaŋ edijanaşhan bolsaŋ edif only you had approached | oljanaşhan bolsa edijanaşhan bolsaedif only he had approached | bizjanaşhan bolsaq edijanaşhan bolsaq edif only we had approached | sizjanaşhan bolsağız edijanaşhan bolsağız edif only you all had approached | alajanaşhan bolsala edijanaşhan bolsalaedif only they had approached |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjanaşmağan bolsam edijanaşmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't approached | senjanaşmağan bolsaŋ edijanaşmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't approached | oljanaşmağan bolsa edijanaşmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't approached | bizjanaşmağan bolsaq edijanaşmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't approached | sizjanaşmağan bolsağız edijanaşmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't approached | alajanaşmağan bolsala edijanaşmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't approached |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjanaşır esemif I will approach | senjanaşır eseŋif you will approach | oljanaşır eseif he will approach | bizjanaşır esekif we will approach | sizjanaşır esegizif you all will approach | alajanaşır eseleif they will approach |
| Conditional, aorist | menjanaşmaz esemif I won't approach | senjanaşmaz eseŋif you won't approach | oljanaşmaz eseif he won't approach | bizjanaşmaz esekif we won't approach | sizjanaşmaz esegizif you all won't approach | alajanaşmaz eseleif they won't approach |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjanaşırıq esemif I am going to approach | senjanaşırıq eseŋif you are going to approach | oljanaşırıq eseif he is going to approach | bizjanaşırıq esekif we are going to approach | sizjanaşırıq esegizif you all are going to approach | alajanaşırıq eseleif they are going to approach |
| Conditional, future | menjanaşırıq tül esemif I am not going to approach | senjanaşırıq tül eseŋif you are not going to approach | oljanaşırıq tül eseif he is not going to approach | bizjanaşırıq tül esekif we are not going to approach | sizjanaşırıq tül esegizif you all are not going to approach | alajanaşırıq tül eseleif they are not going to approach |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjanaşırıq bolsamif I were going to approach | senjanaşırıq bolsaŋif you were going to approach | oljanaşırıq bolsaif he were going to approach | bizjanaşırıq bolsaqif we were going to approach | sizjanaşırıq bolsağızif you all were going to approach | alajanaşırıq bolsalaif they were going to approach |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjanaşmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to approach | senjanaşmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to approach | oljanaşmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to approach | bizjanaşmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to approach | sizjanaşmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to approach | alajanaşmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to approach |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso janaşdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjanaşa bolurmaI must be approaching | senjanaşa bolursayou must be approaching | oljanaşa bolurhe must be approaching | bizjanaşa bolurbuzwe must be approaching | sizjanaşa bolursuzyou all must be approaching | alajanaşa bolurlathey must be approaching |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjanaşmay bolurmaI must not be approaching | senjanaşmay bolursayou must not be approaching | oljanaşmay bolurhe must not be approaching | bizjanaşmay bolurbuzwe must not be approaching | sizjanaşmay bolursuzyou all must not be approaching | alajanaşmay bolurlathey must not be approaching |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjanaşa tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of approaching | senjanaşa tura bolursayou must be in the middle of approaching | oljanaşa tura bolurhe must be in the middle of approaching | bizjanaşa tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of approaching | sizjanaşa tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of approaching | alajanaşa tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of approaching |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjanaşmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not approaching | senjanaşmay tura bolursayou must keep on not approaching | oljanaşmay tura bolurhe must keep on not approaching | bizjanaşmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not approaching | sizjanaşmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not approaching | alajanaşmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not approaching |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjanaşhan bolurmaI must have approached | senjanaşhan bolursayou must have approached | oljanaşhan bolurhe must have approached | bizjanaşhan bolurbuzwe must have approached | sizjanaşhan bolursuzyou all must have approached | alajanaşhan bolurlathey must have approached |
| Inference (must have) | menjanaşmağan bolurmaI must not have approached | senjanaşmağan bolursayou must not have approached | oljanaşmağan bolurhe must not have approached | bizjanaşmağan bolurbuzwe must not have approached | sizjanaşmağan bolursuzyou all must not have approached | alajanaşmağan bolurlathey must not have approached |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjanaşırıq bolurmaI must be going to approach | senjanaşırıq bolursayou must be going to approach | oljanaşırıq bolurhe must be going to approach | bizjanaşırıq bolurbuzwe must be going to approach | sizjanaşırıq bolursuzyou all must be going to approach | alajanaşırıq bolurlathey must be going to approach |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjanaşmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to approach | senjanaşmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to approach | oljanaşmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to approach | bizjanaşmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to approach | sizjanaşmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to approach | alajanaşmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to approach |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjanaşayımlet me approach | senjanaş!approach! | oljanaşsınlet him approach | bizjanaşayıqlet's approach | sizjanaşığız!approach, you all! | alajanaşsınlalet them approach |
| Commands & suggestions | menjanaşmayımlet me not approach | senjanaşma!don't approach! | oljanaşmasınlet him not approach | bizjanaşmayıqlet's not approach | sizjanaşmağız!don't approach, you all! | alajanaşmasınlalet them not approach |
| Commands & suggestions | menjanaşayımmı?shall I approach? | oljanaşsınmı?should he approach? | bizjanaşayıqmı?shall we approach? | alajanaşsınlamı?should they approach? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjanaşmayımmı?shall I not approach? | oljanaşmasınmı?should he not approach? | bizjanaşmayıqmı?shall we not approach? | alajanaşmasınlamı?should they not approach? | ||
| Requests | senjanaşçı2janaşçınplease approach | oljanaşsınçıdo let him approach | sizjanaşçığızplease approach (plural/polite) | alajanaşsınlaçıdo let them approach | ||
| Requests | senjanaşmaçı2janaşmaçınplease don't approach | oljanaşmasınçıdo let him not approach | sizjanaşmaçığızplease don't approach (plural/polite) | alajanaşmasınlaçıdo let them not approach | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjanaşhınjanaşhımay you approach | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjanaşmağınjanaşmağımay you not approach | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjanaşhay edim janaşha edimwould that I approached | senjanaşhay ediŋ janaşha ediŋwould that you approached | oljanaşhay edi janaşha ediwould that he approached | bizjanaşhay edik janaşha edikwould that we approached | sizjanaşhay edigiz janaşha edigizwould that you all approached | alajanaşhay edile janaşha edilewould that they approached |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjanaşmağay edim janaşmağa edimwould that I did not approach | senjanaşmağay ediŋ janaşmağa ediŋwould that you did not approach | oljanaşmağay edi janaşmağa ediwould that he did not approach | bizjanaşmağay edik janaşmağa edikwould that we did not approach | sizjanaşmağay edigiz janaşmağa edigizwould that you all did not approach | alajanaşmağay edile janaşmağa edilewould that they did not approach |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjanaşmağa qoyayımjanaşma qoyayımlet me allow someone to approach | senjanaşmağa qoy!janaşma qoy!let someone approach! | oljanaşmağa qoysunjanaşma qoysunlet him allow someone to approach | bizjanaşmağa qoyayıqjanaşma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to approach | sizjanaşmağa qoyuğuz!janaşma qoyuğuz!let someone approach, you all! | alajanaşmağa qoysunlajanaşma qoysunlalet them allow someone to approach |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjanaşmağa qoymayımjanaşma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to approach | senjanaşmağa qoyma!janaşma qoyma!don't let someone approach! | oljanaşmağa qoymasınjanaşma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to approach | bizjanaşmağa qoymayıqjanaşma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to approach | sizjanaşmağa qoymağız!janaşma qoymağız!don't let someone approach, you all! | alajanaşmağa qoymasınlajanaşma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to approach |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjanaşmağa qoyayımmı?janaşma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to approach? | oljanaşmağa qoysunmu?janaşma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to approach? | bizjanaşmağa qoyayıqmı?janaşma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to approach? | alajanaşmağa qoysunlamı?janaşma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to approach? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjanaşmağa qoymayımmı?janaşma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to approach? | oljanaşmağa qoymasınmı?janaşma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to approach? | bizjanaşmağa qoymayıqmı?janaşma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to approach? | alajanaşmağa qoymasınlamı?janaşma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to approach? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjanaşmağa qoyamajanaşma qoyamaI allow someone to approach | senjanaşmağa qoyasajanaşma qoyasayou allow someone to approach | oljanaşmağa qoyadıjanaşma qoyadıhe allows someone to approach | bizjanaşmağa qoyabızjanaşma qoyabızwe allow someone to approach | sizjanaşmağa qoyasızjanaşma qoyasızyou all allow someone to approach | alajanaşmağa qoyadılajanaşma qoyadılathey allow someone to approach |
| Let someone… (present) | menjanaşmağa qoymaymajanaşma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to approach | senjanaşmağa qoymaysajanaşma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to approach | oljanaşmağa qoymaydıjanaşma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to approach | bizjanaşmağa qoymaybızjanaşma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to approach | sizjanaşmağa qoymaysızjanaşma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to approach | alajanaşmağa qoymaydılajanaşma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to approach |
| Let someone… (present) | menjanaşmağa qoyamamı?janaşma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to approach? | senjanaşmağa qoyamısa?janaşma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to approach? | oljanaşmağa qoyamıdı?janaşma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to approach? | bizjanaşmağa qoyabızmı?janaşma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to approach? | sizjanaşmağa qoyamısız?janaşma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to approach? | alajanaşmağa qoyamıdıla?janaşma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to approach? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjanaşmağa qoymaymamı?janaşma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to approach? | senjanaşmağa qoymaymısa?janaşma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to approach? | oljanaşmağa qoymaymıdı?janaşma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to approach? | bizjanaşmağa qoymaybızmı?janaşma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to approach? | sizjanaşmağa qoymaymısız?janaşma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to approach? | alajanaşmağa qoymaymıdıla?janaşma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to approach? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjanaşmağa qoydumjanaşma qoydumI allowed someone to approach | senjanaşmağa qoyduŋjanaşma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to approach | oljanaşmağa qoydujanaşma qoyduhe allowed someone to approach | bizjanaşmağa qoyduqjanaşma qoyduqwe allowed someone to approach | sizjanaşmağa qoyduğuzjanaşma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to approach | alajanaşmağa qoydulajanaşma qoydulathey allowed someone to approach |
| Let someone… (past) | menjanaşmağa qoymadımjanaşma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to approach | senjanaşmağa qoymadıŋjanaşma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to approach | oljanaşmağa qoymadıjanaşma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to approach | bizjanaşmağa qoymadıqjanaşma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to approach | sizjanaşmağa qoymadığızjanaşma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to approach | alajanaşmağa qoymadılajanaşma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to approach |
| Let someone… (past) | menjanaşmağa qoydummu?janaşma qoydummu?did I allow someone to approach? | senjanaşmağa qoyduŋmu?janaşma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to approach? | oljanaşmağa qoydumu?janaşma qoydumu?did he allow someone to approach? | bizjanaşmağa qoyduqmu?janaşma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to approach? | sizjanaşmağa qoyduğuzmu?janaşma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to approach? | alajanaşmağa qoydulamı?janaşma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to approach? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjanaşmağa qoymadımmı?janaşma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to approach? | senjanaşmağa qoymadıŋmı?janaşma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to approach? | oljanaşmağa qoymadımı?janaşma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to approach? | bizjanaşmağa qoymadıqmı?janaşma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to approach? | sizjanaşmağa qoymadığızmı?janaşma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to approach? | alajanaşmağa qoymadılamı?janaşma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to approach? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjanaşalamaI can approach | senjanaşalasayou can approach | oljanaşaladıhe can approach | bizjanaşalabızwe can approach | sizjanaşalasızyou all can approach | alajanaşaladılathey can approach |
| Ability — present | menjanaşalmaymaI can't approach | senjanaşalmaysayou can't approach | oljanaşalmaydıhe can't approach | bizjanaşalmaybızwe can't approach | sizjanaşalmaysızyou all can't approach | alajanaşalmaydılathey can't approach |
| Ability — present | menjanaşalamamı? janaşalamıma?can I approach? | senjanaşalamısa?can you approach? | oljanaşalamıdı?can he approach? | bizjanaşalabızmı? janaşalamıbız?can we approach? | sizjanaşalamısız?can you all approach? | alajanaşalamıdıla?can they approach? |
| Ability — present | menjanaşalmaymamı? janaşalmaymıma?can't I approach? | senjanaşalmaymısa?can't you approach? | oljanaşalmaymıdı?can't he approach? | bizjanaşalmaybızmı? janaşalmaymıbız?can't we approach? | sizjanaşalmaymısız?can't you all approach? | alajanaşalmaymıdıla?can't they approach? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjanaşalsamif I can approach | senjanaşalsaŋif you can approach | oljanaşalsaif he can approach | bizjanaşalsaqif we can approach | sizjanaşalsağızif you all can approach | alajanaşalsalaif they can approach |
| Ability — if I can… | menjanaşalmasamif I can't approach | senjanaşalmasaŋif you can't approach | oljanaşalmasaif he can't approach | bizjanaşalmasaqif we can't approach | sizjanaşalmasağızif you all can't approach | alajanaşalmasalaif they can't approach |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjanaşaldımI was able to approach | senjanaşaldıŋyou were able to approach | oljanaşaldıhe was able to approach | bizjanaşaldıqwe were able to approach | sizjanaşaldığızyou all were able to approach | alajanaşaldılathey were able to approach |
| Ability — simple past | menjanaşalmadımI could not approach | senjanaşalmadıŋyou could not approach | oljanaşalmadıhe could not approach | bizjanaşalmadıqwe could not approach | sizjanaşalmadığızyou all could not approach | alajanaşalmadılathey could not approach |
| Ability — simple past | menjanaşaldımmı?was I able to approach? | senjanaşaldıŋmı?were you able to approach? | oljanaşaldımı?was he able to approach? | bizjanaşaldıqmı?were we able to approach? | sizjanaşaldığızmı?were you all able to approach? | alajanaşaldılamı?were they able to approach? |
| Ability — simple past | menjanaşalmadımmı?couldn't I approach? | senjanaşalmadıŋmı?couldn't you approach? | oljanaşalmadımı?couldn't he approach? | bizjanaşalmadıqmı?couldn't we approach? | sizjanaşalmadığızmı?couldn't you all approach? | alajanaşalmadılamı?couldn't they approach? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjanaşalğanmaI have been able to approach | senjanaşalğansayou have been able to approach | oljanaşalğandıhe has been able to approach | bizjanaşalğanbızwe have been able to approach | sizjanaşalğansızyou all have been able to approach | alajanaşalğandılathey have been able to approach |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjanaşalmağanmaI haven't been able to approach | senjanaşalmağansayou haven't been able to approach | oljanaşalmağandıhe hasn't been able to approach | bizjanaşalmağanbızwe haven't been able to approach | sizjanaşalmağansızyou all haven't been able to approach | alajanaşalmağandılathey haven't been able to approach |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjanaşalğanmamı? janaşalğanmıma?have I been able to approach? | senjanaşalğanmısa?have you been able to approach? | oljanaşalğanmıdı?has he been able to approach? | bizjanaşalğanbızmı? janaşalğanmıbız?have we been able to approach? | sizjanaşalğanmısız?have you all been able to approach? | alajanaşalğanmıdıla?have they been able to approach? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjanaşalmağanmamı? janaşalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to approach? | senjanaşalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to approach? | oljanaşalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to approach? | bizjanaşalmağanbızmı? janaşalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to approach? | sizjanaşalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to approach? | alajanaşalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to approach? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjanaşalğan edimjanaşalğanemI had been able to approach | senjanaşalğan ediŋjanaşalğaneŋyou had been able to approach | oljanaşalğan edijanaşalğanedhe had been able to approach | bizjanaşalğan edikjanaşalğanekwe had been able to approach | sizjanaşalğan edigizjanaşalğanegizyou all had been able to approach | alajanaşalğan edilejanaşalğanellethey had been able to approach |
| Ability — past perfect | menjanaşalmağan edimjanaşalmağanemI hadn't been able to approach | senjanaşalmağan ediŋjanaşalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to approach | oljanaşalmağan edijanaşalmağanedhe hadn't been able to approach | bizjanaşalmağan edikjanaşalmağanekwe hadn't been able to approach | sizjanaşalmağan edigizjanaşalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to approach | alajanaşalmağan edilejanaşalmağanellethey hadn't been able to approach |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjanaşala edimjanaşalaemI could approach | senjanaşala ediŋjanaşalaeŋyou could approach | oljanaşala edijanaşalaedhe could approach | bizjanaşala edikjanaşalaekwe could approach | sizjanaşala edigizjanaşalaegizyou all could approach | alajanaşala edilejanaşalaellethey could approach |
| Ability — past background | menjanaşalmay edimjanaşalmayemI could not approach | senjanaşalmay ediŋjanaşalmayeŋyou could not approach | oljanaşalmay edijanaşalmayedhe could not approach | bizjanaşalmay edikjanaşalmayekwe could not approach | sizjanaşalmay edigizjanaşalmayegizyou all could not approach | alajanaşalmay edilejanaşalmayellethey could not approach |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjanaşalırmaI will be able to approach | senjanaşalırsayou will be able to approach | oljanaşalırhe will be able to approach | bizjanaşalırbızwe will be able to approach | sizjanaşalırsızyou all will be able to approach | alajanaşalırlathey will be able to approach |
| Ability — future I | menjanaşalmazmaI won't be able to approach | senjanaşalmazsayou won't be able to approach | oljanaşalmazhe won't be able to approach | bizjanaşalmazbızwe won't be able to approach | sizjanaşalmazsızyou all won't be able to approach | alajanaşalmazlathey won't be able to approach |
| Ability — future I | menjanaşalırmamı? janaşalırmıma?will I be able to approach? | senjanaşalırmısa?will you be able to approach? | oljanaşalırmı?will he be able to approach? | bizjanaşalırbızmı? janaşalırmıbız?will we be able to approach? | sizjanaşalırmısız?will you all be able to approach? | alajanaşalırlamı? janaşalırmıla?will they be able to approach? |
| Ability — future I | menjanaşalmazmamı? janaşalmazmıma?won't I be able to approach? | senjanaşalmazmısa?won't you be able to approach? | oljanaşalmazmı?won't he be able to approach? | bizjanaşalmazbızmı? janaşalmazmıbız?won't we be able to approach? | sizjanaşalmazmısız?won't you all be able to approach? | alajanaşalmazlamı? janaşalmazmıla?won't they be able to approach? |
| Ability — future II | menjanaşallıqmaI am going to be able to approach | senjanaşallıqsayou are going to be able to approach | oljanaşallıqdıhe is going to be able to approach | bizjanaşallıqbızwe are going to be able to approach | sizjanaşallıqsızyou all are going to be able to approach | alajanaşallıqdılathey are going to be able to approach |
| Ability — future II | menjanaşallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to approach | senjanaşallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to approach | oljanaşallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to approach | bizjanaşallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to approach | sizjanaşallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to approach | alajanaşallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to approach |
| Ability — future II | menjanaşallıqmamı? janaşallıqmıma?am I going to be able to approach? | senjanaşallıqmısa?are you going to be able to approach? | oljanaşallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to approach? | bizjanaşallıqbızmı? janaşallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to approach? | sizjanaşallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to approach? | alajanaşallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to approach? |
| Ability — future II | menjanaşallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to approach? | senjanaşallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to approach? | oljanaşallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to approach? | bizjanaşallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to approach? | sizjanaşallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to approach? | alajanaşallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to approach? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjanaşalır edimjanaşalır emI would be able to approach | senjanaşalır ediŋjanaşalır eŋyou would be able to approach | oljanaşalır edijanaşalır edhe would be able to approach | bizjanaşalır edikjanaşalır ekwe would be able to approach | sizjanaşalır edigizjanaşalır egizyou all would be able to approach | alajanaşalır edilejanaşalır ellethey would be able to approach |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjanaşalmaz edimjanaşalmaz emI wouldn't be able to approach | senjanaşalmaz ediŋjanaşalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to approach | oljanaşalmaz edijanaşalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to approach | bizjanaşalmaz edikjanaşalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to approach | sizjanaşalmaz edigizjanaşalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to approach | alajanaşalmaz edilejanaşalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to approach |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjanaşalğınjanaşalğımay you be able to approach | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjanaşalmağınjanaşalmağımay you not be able to approach | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjanaşırğa izleymeI want to approach | senjanaşırğa izleyseyou want to approach | oljanaşırğa izleydihe wants to approach | bizjanaşırğa izleybizwe want to approach | sizjanaşırğa izleysizyou all want to approach | alajanaşırğa izleydilethey want to approach |
| want to | menjanaşırğa izlemeymeI do not want to approach | senjanaşırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to approach | oljanaşırğa izlemeydihe does not want to approach | bizjanaşırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to approach | sizjanaşırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to approach | alajanaşırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to approach |
| would like to | menjanaşırğa süemeI would like to approach | senjanaşırğa süeseyou would like to approach | oljanaşırğa süedihe would like to approach | bizjanaşırğa süebizwe would like to approach | sizjanaşırğa süesizyou all would like to approach | alajanaşırğa süedilethey would like to approach |
| would like to | menjanaşırğa süymeymeI would not like to approach | senjanaşırğa süymeyseyou would not like to approach | oljanaşırğa süymeydihe would not like to approach | bizjanaşırğa süymeybizwe would not like to approach | sizjanaşırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to approach | alajanaşırğa süymeydilethey would not like to approach |
| hope to | menjanaşırğa umutlanamaI hope to approach | senjanaşırğa umutlanasayou hope to approach | oljanaşırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to approach | bizjanaşırğa umutlanabızwe hope to approach | sizjanaşırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to approach | alajanaşırğa umutlanadılathey hope to approach |
| hope to | menjanaşırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to approach | senjanaşırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to approach | oljanaşırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to approach | bizjanaşırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to approach | sizjanaşırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to approach | alajanaşırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to approach |
| be about to | menjanaşırğa deb turamaI am about to approach | senjanaşırğa deb turasayou are about to approach | oljanaşırğa deb turadıhe is about to approach | bizjanaşırğa deb turabızwe are about to approach | sizjanaşırğa deb turasızyou all are about to approach | alajanaşırğa deb turadılathey are about to approach |
| be about to | menjanaşırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to approach | senjanaşırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to approach | oljanaşırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to approach | bizjanaşırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to approach | sizjanaşırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to approach | alajanaşırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to approach |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjanaşırğa kerekmeI need to approach | senjanaşırğa kerekseyou need to approach | oljanaşırğa kerekdihe needs to approach | bizjanaşırğa kerekbizwe need to approach | sizjanaşırğa kereksizyou all need to approach | alajanaşırğa kerekdilethey need to approach |
| need to | menjanaşırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to approach | senjanaşırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to approach | oljanaşırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to approach | bizjanaşırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to approach | sizjanaşırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to approach | alajanaşırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to approach |
| have to | menmenŋe janaşırğa tüşediI have to approach | sensenŋe janaşırğa tüşediyou have to approach | olaŋa janaşırğa tüşedihe has to approach | bizbizge janaşırğa tüşediwe have to approach | sizsizge janaşırğa tüşediyou all have to approach | alaalağa janaşırğa tüşedithey have to approach |
| have to | menmenŋe janaşırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to approach | sensenŋe janaşırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to approach | olaŋa janaşırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to approach | bizbizge janaşırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to approach | sizsizge janaşırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to approach | alaalağa janaşırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to approach |
| be obliged to | menjanaşırğa borçlumaI am obliged to approach | senjanaşırğa borçlusayou are obliged to approach | oljanaşırğa borçluduhe is obliged to approach | bizjanaşırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to approach | sizjanaşırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to approach | alajanaşırğa borçludulathey are obliged to approach |
| be obliged to | menjanaşırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to approach | senjanaşırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to approach | oljanaşırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to approach | bizjanaşırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to approach | sizjanaşırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to approach | alajanaşırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to approach |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjanaşırğa madarım bardıI have a way to approach | senjanaşırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to approach | oljanaşırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to approach | bizjanaşırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to approach | sizjanaşırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to approach | alajanaşırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to approach |
| have a way to | menjanaşırğa madarım joqduI have no way to approach | senjanaşırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to approach | oljanaşırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to approach | bizjanaşırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to approach | sizjanaşırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to approach | alajanaşırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to approach |
| be free to | menjanaşırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to approach | senjanaşırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to approach | oljanaşırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to approach | bizjanaşırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to approach | sizjanaşırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to approach | alajanaşırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to approach |
| be free to | menjanaşırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to approach | senjanaşırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to approach | oljanaşırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to approach | bizjanaşırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to approach | sizjanaşırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to approach | alajanaşırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to approach |
| be possible to | menmenŋe janaşırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to approach | sensenŋe janaşırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to approach | olaŋa janaşırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to approach | bizbizge janaşırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to approach | sizsizge janaşırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to approach | alaalağa janaşırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to approach |
| be possible to | menmenŋe janaşırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to approach | sensenŋe janaşırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to approach | olaŋa janaşırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to approach | bizbizge janaşırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to approach | sizsizge janaşırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to approach | alaalağa janaşırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to approach |
| be ready to | menjanaşırğa hazırmaI am ready to approach | senjanaşırğa hazırsayou are ready to approach | oljanaşırğa hazırdıhe is ready to approach | bizjanaşırğa hazırbızwe are ready to approach | sizjanaşırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to approach | alajanaşırğa hazırdılathey are ready to approach |
| be ready to | menjanaşırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to approach | senjanaşırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to approach | oljanaşırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to approach | bizjanaşırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to approach | sizjanaşırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to approach | alajanaşırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to approach |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjanaşırğa küreşemeI am trying to approach | senjanaşırğa küreşeseyou are trying to approach | oljanaşırğa küreşedihe is trying to approach | bizjanaşırğa küreşebizwe are trying to approach | sizjanaşırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to approach | alajanaşırğa küreşedilethey are trying to approach |
| try to | menjanaşırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to approach | senjanaşırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to approach | oljanaşırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to approach | bizjanaşırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to approach | sizjanaşırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to approach | alajanaşırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to approach |
| agree to | menjanaşırğa unaymaI agree to approach | senjanaşırğa unaysayou agree to approach | oljanaşırğa unaydıhe agrees to approach | bizjanaşırğa unaybızwe agree to approach | sizjanaşırğa unaysızyou all agree to approach | alajanaşırğa unaydılathey agree to approach |
| agree to | menjanaşırğa unamaymaI refuse to approach | senjanaşırğa unamaysayou refuse to approach | oljanaşırğa unamaydıhe refuses to approach | bizjanaşırğa unamaybızwe refuse to approach | sizjanaşırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to approach | alajanaşırğa unamaydılathey refuse to approach |
| hurry to | menjanaşırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to approach | senjanaşırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to approach | oljanaşırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to approach | bizjanaşırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to approach | sizjanaşırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to approach | alajanaşırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to approach |
| hurry to | menjanaşırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to approach | senjanaşırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to approach | oljanaşırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to approach | bizjanaşırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to approach | sizjanaşırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to approach | alajanaşırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to approach |
| be afraid to | menjanaşırğa qorqamaI am afraid to approach | senjanaşırğa qorqasayou are afraid to approach | oljanaşırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to approach | bizjanaşırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to approach | sizjanaşırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to approach | alajanaşırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to approach |
| be afraid to | menjanaşırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to approach | senjanaşırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to approach | oljanaşırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to approach | bizjanaşırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to approach | sizjanaşırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to approach | alajanaşırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to approach |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjanaşa bolmazmaI can't be approaching | senjanaşa bolmazsayou can't be approaching | oljanaşa bolmazhe can't be approaching | bizjanaşa bolmazbızwe can't be approaching | sizjanaşa bolmazsızyou all can't be approaching | alajanaşa bolmazlathey can't be approaching |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjanaşmay bolmazmaI must be approaching (emphatic) | senjanaşmay bolmazsayou must be approaching (emphatic) | oljanaşmay bolmazhe must be approaching (emphatic) | bizjanaşmay bolmazbızwe must be approaching (emphatic) | sizjanaşmay bolmazsızyou all must be approaching (emphatic) | alajanaşmay bolmazlathey must be approaching (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjanaşa turmasamif I don't keep approaching | senjanaşa turmasaŋif you don't keep approaching | oljanaşa turmasaif he doesn't keep approaching | bizjanaşa turmasaqif we don't keep approaching | sizjanaşa turmasağızif you all don't keep approaching | alajanaşa turmasalaif they don't keep approaching |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjanaşa tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of approaching | senjanaşa tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of approaching | oljanaşa tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of approaching | bizjanaşa tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of approaching | sizjanaşa tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of approaching | alajanaşa tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of approaching |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjanaşmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not approaching (emphatic) | senjanaşmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not approaching (emphatic) | oljanaşmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not approaching (emphatic) | bizjanaşmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not approaching (emphatic) | sizjanaşmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not approaching (emphatic) | alajanaşmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not approaching (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjanaşmay turamaI keep on not approaching | senjanaşmay turasayou keep on not approaching | oljanaşmay turadıhe keeps on not approaching | bizjanaşmay turabızwe keep on not approaching | sizjanaşmay turasızyou all keep on not approaching | alajanaşmay turadılathey keep on not approaching |
| Progressive — double negation | menjanaşmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not approaching | senjanaşmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not approaching | oljanaşmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not approaching | bizjanaşmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not approaching | sizjanaşmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not approaching | alajanaşmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not approaching |
| Progressive — double negation | menjanaşmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not approaching? | senjanaşmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not approaching? | oljanaşmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not approaching? | bizjanaşmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not approaching? | sizjanaşmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not approaching? | alajanaşmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not approaching? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjanaşhan bolmazmaI can't have approached | senjanaşhan bolmazsayou can't have approached | oljanaşhan bolmazhe can't have approached | bizjanaşhan bolmazbızwe can't have approached | sizjanaşhan bolmazsızyou all can't have approached | alajanaşhan bolmazlathey can't have approached |
| Inference — double negation | menjanaşmağan bolmazmaI must have approached (emphatic) | senjanaşmağan bolmazsayou must have approached (emphatic) | oljanaşmağan bolmazhe must have approached (emphatic) | bizjanaşmağan bolmazbızwe must have approached (emphatic) | sizjanaşmağan bolmazsızyou all must have approached (emphatic) | alajanaşmağan bolmazlathey must have approached (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjanaşhan bolmasamif it weren't that I had approached | senjanaşhan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had approached | oljanaşhan bolmasaif it weren't that he had approached | bizjanaşhan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had approached | sizjanaşhan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had approached | alajanaşhan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had approached |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjanaşmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't approached | senjanaşmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't approached | oljanaşmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't approached | bizjanaşmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't approached | sizjanaşmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't approached | alajanaşmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't approached |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjanaşırıq bolmazmaI can't be going to approach | senjanaşırıq bolmazsayou can't be going to approach | oljanaşırıq bolmazhe can't be going to approach | bizjanaşırıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to approach | sizjanaşırıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to approach | alajanaşırıq bolmazlathey can't be going to approach |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjanaşmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to approach (emphatic) | senjanaşmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to approach (emphatic) | oljanaşmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to approach (emphatic) | bizjanaşmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to approach (emphatic) | sizjanaşmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to approach (emphatic) | alajanaşmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to approach (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjanaşırıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to approach | senjanaşırıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to approach | oljanaşırıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to approach | bizjanaşırıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to approach | sizjanaşırıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to approach | alajanaşırıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to approach |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjanaşmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to approach | senjanaşmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to approach | oljanaşmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to approach | bizjanaşmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to approach | sizjanaşmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to approach | alajanaşmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to approach |