jıltırarğa
/dʒɯltɯrarʁa/
shine, gleam, glitter, sparkle, twinkle — Used of snow, stars, polished metal, glossy fur, the sun after rain, and of eyes shining with joy.
- julduzla jıltıraydıla — the stars are sparkling
- qar künde jıltıraydı — the snow sparkles in the sun
- közleri jıltıraydıla — his eyes are shining
- jaŋurdan sora kün jıltıradı — after the rain the sun shone
- küzgü jıltıraydı — the mirror gleams
- iynekni tügü jıltıraydı — the cow's coat is glossy
- botinkala da küzgüça jıltıraydıla — the boots shine like a mirror too
- çıraqla asfaltda jıltıraydıla — the lamps gleam on the asphalt
- ordenleri jıltıraydıla köküreginde — his medals shine on his chest
- jıltırağan barı da altın bolmaz — all that glitters is not gold
Expressions
- qunduzça jıltırağan — glossy black
Conjugation
Common forms
- jıltıraydıhe is shining
- jıltıradıhe shone
- jıltırağandıhe has shone
- jıltırarhe will shine
- jıltırarıqdıhe is going to shine
- jıltıray edihe was shining
- jıltırasaif he shines
- jıltıra!shine!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjıltıraymaI am shining | senjıltıraysayou are shining | oljıltıraydıhe is shining | bizjıltıraybızwe are shining | sizjıltıraysızyou all are shining | alajıltıraydılathey are shining |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjıltıramaymaI am not shining | senjıltıramaysayou are not shining | oljıltıramaydıhe is not shining | bizjıltıramaybızwe are not shining | sizjıltıramaysızyou all are not shining | alajıltıramaydılathey are not shining |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjıltıraymamı? jıltıraymıma?am I shining? | senjıltıraymısa?are you shining? | oljıltıraymıdı?is he shining? | bizjıltıraybızmı? jıltıraymıbız?are we shining? | sizjıltıraymısız?are you all shining? | alajıltıraymıdıla?are they shining? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjıltıramaymamı? jıltıramaymıma?aren't I shining? | senjıltıramaymısa?aren't you shining? | oljıltıramaymıdı?isn't he shining? | bizjıltıramaybızmı? jıltıramaymıbız?aren't we shining? | sizjıltıramaymısız?aren't you all shining? | alajıltıramaymıdıla?aren't they shining? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjıltırawçanmaI usually shine | senjıltırawçansayou usually shine | oljıltırawçandıhe usually shines | bizjıltırawçanbızwe usually shine | sizjıltırawçansızyou all usually shine | alajıltırawçandılathey usually shine |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjıltıramawçanmaI usually don't shine | senjıltıramawçansayou usually don't shine | oljıltıramawçandıhe usually doesn't shine | bizjıltıramawçanbızwe usually don't shine | sizjıltıramawçansızyou all usually don't shine | alajıltıramawçandılathey usually don't shine |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjıltırawçanmamı? jıltırawçanmıma?do I usually shine? | senjıltırawçanmısa?do you usually shine? | oljıltırawçanmıdı?does he usually shine? | bizjıltırawçanbızmı? jıltırawçanmıbız?do we usually shine? | sizjıltırawçanmısız?do you all usually shine? | alajıltırawçanmıdıla?do they usually shine? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjıltıramawçanmamı? jıltıramawçanmıma?do I usually not shine? | senjıltıramawçanmısa?do you usually not shine? | oljıltıramawçanmıdı?does he usually not shine? | bizjıltıramawçanbızmı? jıltıramawçanmıbız?do we usually not shine? | sizjıltıramawçanmısız?do you all usually not shine? | alajıltıramawçanmıdıla?do they usually not shine? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljıltırabdıhe has shone and remains so | alajıltırabdılathey have shone and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljıltırabmıdı?has he shone? | alajıltırabmıdıla?have they shone? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjıltırab turamaI keep shining | senjıltırab turasayou keep shining | oljıltırab turadıhe keeps shining | bizjıltırab turabızwe keep shining | sizjıltırab turasızyou all keep shining | alajıltırab turadılathey keep shining |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjıltırab turmaymaI don't keep shining | senjıltırab turmaysayou don't keep shining | oljıltırab turmaydıhe doesn't keep shining | bizjıltırab turmaybızwe don't keep shining | sizjıltırab turmaysızyou all don't keep shining | alajıltırab turmaydılathey don't keep shining |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjıltırab turamamı? jıltırab turamıma?do I keep shining? | senjıltırab turamısa?do you keep shining? | oljıltırab turamıdı?does he keep shining? | bizjıltırab turabızmı? jıltırab turamıbız?do we keep shining? | sizjıltırab turamısız?do you all keep shining? | alajıltırab turamıdıla?do they keep shining? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjıltırab turmaymamı? jıltırab turmaymıma?don't I keep shining? | senjıltırab turmaymısa?don't you keep shining? | oljıltırab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep shining? | bizjıltırab turmaybızmı? jıltırab turmaymıbız?don't we keep shining? | sizjıltırab turmaymısız?don't you all keep shining? | alajıltırab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep shining? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjıltıray turamaI am in the middle of shining | senjıltıray turasayou are in the middle of shining | oljıltıray turadıhe is in the middle of shining | bizjıltıray turabızwe are in the middle of shining | sizjıltıray turasızyou all are in the middle of shining | alajıltıray turadılathey are in the middle of shining |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjıltıray turmaymaI am not in the middle of shining | senjıltıray turmaysayou are not in the middle of shining | oljıltıray turmaydıhe is not in the middle of shining | bizjıltıray turmaybızwe are not in the middle of shining | sizjıltıray turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of shining | alajıltıray turmaydılathey are not in the middle of shining |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjıltıray turamamı? jıltıray turamıma?am I in the middle of shining? | senjıltıray turamısa?are you in the middle of shining? | oljıltıray turamıdı?is he in the middle of shining? | bizjıltıray turabızmı? jıltıray turamıbız?are we in the middle of shining? | sizjıltıray turamısız?are you all in the middle of shining? | alajıltıray turamıdıla?are they in the middle of shining? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjıltıray turmaymamı? jıltıray turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of shining? | senjıltıray turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of shining? | oljıltıray turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of shining? | bizjıltıray turmaybızmı? jıltıray turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of shining? | sizjıltıray turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of shining? | alajıltıray turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of shining? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjıltıradımI shone | senjıltıradıŋyou shone | oljıltıradıhe shone | bizjıltıradıqwe shone | sizjıltıradığızyou all shone | alajıltıradılathey shone |
| Simple past (definite) | menjıltıramadımI didn't shine | senjıltıramadıŋyou didn't shine | oljıltıramadıhe didn't shine | bizjıltıramadıqwe didn't shine | sizjıltıramadığızyou all didn't shine | alajıltıramadılathey didn't shine |
| Simple past (definite) | menjıltıradımmı?did I shine? | senjıltıradıŋmı?did you shine? | oljıltıradımı?did he shine? | bizjıltıradıqmı?did we shine? | sizjıltıradığızmı?did you all shine? | alajıltıradılamı?did they shine? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjıltıramadımmı?didn't I shine? | senjıltıramadıŋmı?didn't you shine? | oljıltıramadımı?didn't he shine? | bizjıltıramadıqmı?didn't we shine? | sizjıltıramadığızmı?didn't you all shine? | alajıltıramadılamı?didn't they shine? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjıltırağanmaI have shone | senjıltırağansayou have shone | oljıltırağandıhe has shone | bizjıltırağanbızwe have shone | sizjıltırağansızyou all have shone | alajıltırağandılathey have shone |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjıltıramağanmaI haven't shone | senjıltıramağansayou haven't shone | oljıltıramağandıhe hasn't shone | bizjıltıramağanbızwe haven't shone | sizjıltıramağansızyou all haven't shone | alajıltıramağandılathey haven't shone |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjıltırağanmamı? jıltırağanmıma?have I shone? | senjıltırağanmısa?have you shone? | oljıltırağanmıdı?has he shone? | bizjıltırağanbızmı? jıltırağanmıbız?have we shone? | sizjıltırağanmısız?have you all shone? | alajıltırağanmıdıla?have they shone? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjıltıramağanmamı? jıltıramağanmıma?haven't I shone? | senjıltıramağanmısa?haven't you shone? | oljıltıramağanmıdı?hasn't he shone? | bizjıltıramağanbızmı? jıltıramağanmıbız?haven't we shone? | sizjıltıramağanmısız?haven't you all shone? | alajıltıramağanmıdıla?haven't they shone? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjıltırab turdumI kept shining | senjıltırab turduŋyou kept shining | oljıltırab turduhe kept shining | bizjıltırab turduqwe kept shining | sizjıltırab turduğuzyou all kept shining | alajıltırab turdulathey kept shining |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjıltırab turmadımI didn't keep shining | senjıltırab turmadıŋyou didn't keep shining | oljıltırab turmadıhe didn't keep shining | bizjıltırab turmadıqwe didn't keep shining | sizjıltırab turmadığızyou all didn't keep shining | alajıltırab turmadılathey didn't keep shining |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjıltırarmaI will shine | senjıltırarsayou will shine | oljıltırarhe will shine | bizjıltırarbızwe will shine | sizjıltırarsızyou all will shine | alajıltırarlathey will shine |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjıltıramazmaI won't shine | senjıltıramazsayou won't shine | oljıltıramazhe won't shine | bizjıltıramazbızwe won't shine | sizjıltıramazsızyou all won't shine | alajıltıramazlathey won't shine |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjıltırarmamı? jıltırarmıma?will I shine? | senjıltırarmısa?will you shine? | oljıltırarmı?will he shine? | bizjıltırarbızmı? jıltırarmıbız?will we shine? | sizjıltırarmısız?will you all shine? | alajıltırarlamı? jıltırarmıla?will they shine? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjıltıramazmamı? jıltıramazmıma?won't I shine? | senjıltıramazmısa?won't you shine? | oljıltıramazmı?won't he shine? | bizjıltıramazbızmı? jıltıramazmıbız?won't we shine? | sizjıltıramazmısız?won't you all shine? | alajıltıramazlamı? jıltıramazmıla?won't they shine? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjıltırarıqmaI am going to shine | senjıltırarıqsayou are going to shine | oljıltırarıqdıhe is going to shine | bizjıltırarıqbızwe are going to shine | sizjıltırarıqsızyou all are going to shine | alajıltırarıqdılathey are going to shine |
| Definite future (future II) | menjıltırarıq tülmeI am not going to shine | senjıltırarıq tülseyou are not going to shine | oljıltırarıq tüldühe is not going to shine | bizjıltırarıq tülbüzwe are not going to shine | sizjıltırarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to shine | alajıltırarıq tüldülethey are not going to shine |
| Definite future (future II) | menjıltırarıqmamı? jıltırarıqmıma?am I going to shine? | senjıltırarıqmısa?are you going to shine? | oljıltırarıqmıdı?is he going to shine? | bizjıltırarıqbızmı? jıltırarıqmıbız?are we going to shine? | sizjıltırarıqmısız?are you all going to shine? | alajıltırarıqmıdıla?are they going to shine? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjıltırarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to shine? | senjıltırarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to shine? | oljıltırarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to shine? | bizjıltırarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to shine? | sizjıltırarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to shine? | alajıltırarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to shine? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjıltırağan edimjıltırağanemI had shone | senjıltırağan ediŋjıltırağaneŋyou had shone | oljıltırağan edijıltırağanedhe had shone | bizjıltırağan edikjıltırağanekwe had shone | sizjıltırağan edigizjıltırağanegizyou all had shone | alajıltırağan edilejıltırağanellethey had shone |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjıltıramağan edimjıltıramağanemI hadn't shone | senjıltıramağan ediŋjıltıramağaneŋyou hadn't shone | oljıltıramağan edijıltıramağanedhe hadn't shone | bizjıltıramağan edikjıltıramağanekwe hadn't shone | sizjıltıramağan edigizjıltıramağanegizyou all hadn't shone | alajıltıramağan edilejıltıramağanellethey hadn't shone |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjıltıray edimjıltırayemI was shining | senjıltıray ediŋjıltırayeŋyou were shining | oljıltıray edijıltırayedhe was shining | bizjıltıray edikjıltırayekwe were shining | sizjıltıray edigizjıltırayegizyou all were shining | alajıltıray edilejıltırayellethey were shining |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjıltıramay edimjıltıramayemI wasn't shining | senjıltıramay ediŋjıltıramayeŋyou weren't shining | oljıltıramay edijıltıramayedhe wasn't shining | bizjıltıramay edikjıltıramayekwe weren't shining | sizjıltıramay edigizjıltıramayegizyou all weren't shining | alajıltıramay edilejıltıramayellethey weren't shining |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjıltırawçan edimjıltırawçanemI used to shine | senjıltırawçan ediŋjıltırawçaneŋyou used to shine | oljıltırawçan edijıltırawçanedhe used to shine | bizjıltırawçan edikjıltırawçanekwe used to shine | sizjıltırawçan edigizjıltırawçanegizyou all used to shine | alajıltırawçan edilejıltırawçanellethey used to shine |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjıltıramawçan edimjıltıramawçanemI didn't use to shine | senjıltıramawçan ediŋjıltıramawçaneŋyou didn't use to shine | oljıltıramawçan edijıltıramawçanedhe didn't use to shine | bizjıltıramawçan edikjıltıramawçanekwe didn't use to shine | sizjıltıramawçan edigizjıltıramawçanegizyou all didn't use to shine | alajıltıramawçan edilejıltıramawçanellethey didn't use to shine |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljıltırab edihe had shone and remained so | alajıltırab edilethey had shone and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljıltırab tül edihe hadn't shone | alajıltırab tül edilethey hadn't shone | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjıltırab tura edimjıltırab turaemI had kept shining | senjıltırab tura ediŋjıltırab turaeŋyou had kept shining | oljıltırab tura edijıltırab turaedhe had kept shining | bizjıltırab tura edikjıltırab turaekwe had kept shining | sizjıltırab tura edigizjıltırab turaegizyou all had kept shining | alajıltırab tura edilejıltırab turaellethey had kept shining |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjıltırab turmay edimjıltırab turmayemI hadn't kept shining | senjıltırab turmay ediŋjıltırab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept shining | oljıltırab turmay edijıltırab turmayedhe hadn't kept shining | bizjıltırab turmay edikjıltırab turmayekwe hadn't kept shining | sizjıltırab turmay edigizjıltırab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept shining | alajıltırab turmay edilejıltırab turmayellethey hadn't kept shining |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjıltıray tura edimjıltıray turaemI was in the middle of shining | senjıltıray tura ediŋjıltıray turaeŋyou were in the middle of shining | oljıltıray tura edijıltıray turaedhe was in the middle of shining | bizjıltıray tura edikjıltıray turaekwe were in the middle of shining | sizjıltıray tura edigizjıltıray turaegizyou all were in the middle of shining | alajıltıray tura edilejıltıray turaellethey were in the middle of shining |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjıltıray turmay edimjıltıray turmayemI wasn't in the middle of shining | senjıltıray turmay ediŋjıltıray turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of shining | oljıltıray turmay edijıltıray turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of shining | bizjıltıray turmay edikjıltıray turmayekwe weren't in the middle of shining | sizjıltıray turmay edigizjıltıray turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of shining | alajıltıray turmay edilejıltıray turmayellethey weren't in the middle of shining |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjıltırar edimjıltırar emI would shine | senjıltırar ediŋjıltırar eŋyou would shine | oljıltırar edijıltırar edhe would shine | bizjıltırar edikjıltırar ekwe would shine | sizjıltırar edigizjıltırar egizyou all would shine | alajıltırar edilejıltırar ellethey would shine |
| Conditional result (would) | menjıltıramaz edimjıltıramaz emI wouldn't shine | senjıltıramaz ediŋjıltıramaz eŋyou wouldn't shine | oljıltıramaz edijıltıramaz edhe wouldn't shine | bizjıltıramaz edikjıltıramaz ekwe wouldn't shine | sizjıltıramaz edigizjıltıramaz egizyou all wouldn't shine | alajıltıramaz edilejıltıramaz ellethey wouldn't shine |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjıltırarıq edimjıltırarıq emI would have shone | senjıltırarıq ediŋjıltırarıq eŋyou would have shone | oljıltırarıq edijıltırarıq edhe would have shone | bizjıltırarıq edikjıltırarıq ekwe would have shone | sizjıltırarıq edigizjıltırarıq egizyou all would have shone | alajıltırarıq edilejıltırarıq ellethey would have shone |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjıltırarıq tül edimjıltırarıq tül emI wouldn't have shone | senjıltırarıq tül ediŋjıltırarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have shone | oljıltırarıq tül edijıltırarıq tül edhe wouldn't have shone | bizjıltırarıq tül edikjıltırarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have shone | sizjıltırarıq tül edigizjıltırarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have shone | alajıltırarıq tül edilejıltırarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have shone |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjıltırasamif I shine | senjıltırasaŋif you shine | oljıltırasaif he shines | bizjıltırasaqif we shine | sizjıltırasağızif you all shine | alajıltırasalaif they shine |
| Conditional | menjıltıramasamif I don't shine | senjıltıramasaŋif you don't shine | oljıltıramasaif he doesn't shine | bizjıltıramasaqif we don't shine | sizjıltıramasağızif you all don't shine | alajıltıramasalaif they don't shine |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjıltıray esemif I am shining | senjıltıray eseŋif you are shining | oljıltıray eseif he is shining | bizjıltıray esekif we are shining | sizjıltıray esegizif you all are shining | alajıltıray eseleif they are shining |
| Conditional, present real | menjıltıramay esemif I am not shining | senjıltıramay eseŋif you are not shining | oljıltıramay eseif he is not shining | bizjıltıramay esekif we are not shining | sizjıltıramay esegizif you all are not shining | alajıltıramay eseleif they are not shining |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjıltırasam edijıltırasam edif only I shone | senjıltırasaŋ edijıltırasaŋ edif only you shone | oljıltırasa edijıltırasaedif only he shone | bizjıltırasaq edijıltırasaq edif only we shone | sizjıltırasağız edijıltırasağız edif only you all shone | alajıltırasala edijıltırasalaedif only they shone |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjıltıramasam edijıltıramasam edif only I didn't shine | senjıltıramasaŋ edijıltıramasaŋ edif only you didn't shine | oljıltıramasa edijıltıramasaedif only he didn't shine | bizjıltıramasaq edijıltıramasaq edif only we didn't shine | sizjıltıramasağız edijıltıramasağız edif only you all didn't shine | alajıltıramasala edijıltıramasalaedif only they didn't shine |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjıltırab tursamif I carry on shining | senjıltırab tursaŋif you carry on shining | oljıltırab tursaif he carries on shining | bizjıltırab tursaqif we carry on shining | sizjıltırab tursağızif you all carry on shining | alajıltırab tursalaif they carry on shining |
| Durative conditional | menjıltırab turmasamif I don't carry on shining | senjıltırab turmasaŋif you don't carry on shining | oljıltırab turmasaif he doesn't carry on shining | bizjıltırab turmasaqif we don't carry on shining | sizjıltırab turmasağızif you all don't carry on shining | alajıltırab turmasalaif they don't carry on shining |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjıltırab tura esemif I have kept shining | senjıltırab tura eseŋif you have kept shining | oljıltırab tura eseif he has kept shining | bizjıltırab tura esekif we have kept shining | sizjıltırab tura esegizif you all have kept shining | alajıltırab tura eseleif they have kept shining |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjıltırab turmay esemif I haven't kept shining | senjıltırab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept shining | oljıltırab turmay eseif he hasn't kept shining | bizjıltırab turmay esekif we haven't kept shining | sizjıltırab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept shining | alajıltırab turmay eseleif they haven't kept shining |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjıltıray tursamif I keep shining | senjıltıray tursaŋif you keep shining | oljıltıray tursaif he keeps shining | bizjıltıray tursaqif we keep shining | sizjıltıray tursağızif you all keep shining | alajıltıray tursalaif they keep shining |
| Progressive conditional | menjıltıramay tursamif I keep on not shining | senjıltıramay tursaŋif you keep on not shining | oljıltıramay tursaif he keeps on not shining | bizjıltıramay tursaqif we keep on not shining | sizjıltıramay tursağızif you all keep on not shining | alajıltıramay tursalaif they keep on not shining |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjıltıray tura esemif I am in the middle of shining | senjıltıray tura eseŋif you are in the middle of shining | oljıltıray tura eseif he is in the middle of shining | bizjıltıray tura esekif we are in the middle of shining | sizjıltıray tura esegizif you all are in the middle of shining | alajıltıray tura eseleif they are in the middle of shining |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjıltıramay tura esemif I keep on not shining | senjıltıramay tura eseŋif you keep on not shining | oljıltıramay tura eseif he keeps on not shining | bizjıltıramay tura esekif we keep on not shining | sizjıltıramay tura esegizif you all keep on not shining | alajıltıramay tura eseleif they keep on not shining |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjıltıradım esemif I shone | senjıltıradıŋ eseŋif you shone | oljıltıradı eseif he shone | bizjıltıradıq esekif we shone | sizjıltıradığız esegizif you all shone | alajıltıradıla eseleif they shone |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjıltıramadım esemif I didn't shine | senjıltıramadıŋ eseŋif you didn't shine | oljıltıramadı eseif he didn't shine | bizjıltıramadıq esekif we didn't shine | sizjıltıramadığız esegizif you all didn't shine | alajıltıramadıla eseleif they didn't shine |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjıltırağan esemif I did shine (indeed) | senjıltırağan eseŋif you did shine (indeed) | oljıltırağan eseif he did shine (indeed) | bizjıltırağan esekif we did shine (indeed) | sizjıltırağan esegizif you all did shine (indeed) | alajıltırağan eseleif they did shine (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjıltıramağan esemif I didn't shine (indeed) | senjıltıramağan eseŋif you didn't shine (indeed) | oljıltıramağan eseif he didn't shine (indeed) | bizjıltıramağan esekif we didn't shine (indeed) | sizjıltıramağan esegizif you all didn't shine (indeed) | alajıltıramağan eseleif they didn't shine (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjıltırağan bolsamif I had shone | senjıltırağan bolsaŋif you had shone | oljıltırağan bolsaif he had shone | bizjıltırağan bolsaqif we had shone | sizjıltırağan bolsağızif you all had shone | alajıltırağan bolsalaif they had shone |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjıltıramağan bolsamif I hadn't shone | senjıltıramağan bolsaŋif you hadn't shone | oljıltıramağan bolsaif he hadn't shone | bizjıltıramağan bolsaqif we hadn't shone | sizjıltıramağan bolsağızif you all hadn't shone | alajıltıramağan bolsalaif they hadn't shone |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjıltırağan bolsam edijıltırağan bolsam edif only I had shone | senjıltırağan bolsaŋ edijıltırağan bolsaŋ edif only you had shone | oljıltırağan bolsa edijıltırağan bolsaedif only he had shone | bizjıltırağan bolsaq edijıltırağan bolsaq edif only we had shone | sizjıltırağan bolsağız edijıltırağan bolsağız edif only you all had shone | alajıltırağan bolsala edijıltırağan bolsalaedif only they had shone |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjıltıramağan bolsam edijıltıramağan bolsam edif only I hadn't shone | senjıltıramağan bolsaŋ edijıltıramağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't shone | oljıltıramağan bolsa edijıltıramağan bolsaedif only he hadn't shone | bizjıltıramağan bolsaq edijıltıramağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't shone | sizjıltıramağan bolsağız edijıltıramağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't shone | alajıltıramağan bolsala edijıltıramağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't shone |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjıltırar esemif I will shine | senjıltırar eseŋif you will shine | oljıltırar eseif he will shine | bizjıltırar esekif we will shine | sizjıltırar esegizif you all will shine | alajıltırar eseleif they will shine |
| Conditional, aorist | menjıltıramaz esemif I won't shine | senjıltıramaz eseŋif you won't shine | oljıltıramaz eseif he won't shine | bizjıltıramaz esekif we won't shine | sizjıltıramaz esegizif you all won't shine | alajıltıramaz eseleif they won't shine |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjıltırarıq esemif I am going to shine | senjıltırarıq eseŋif you are going to shine | oljıltırarıq eseif he is going to shine | bizjıltırarıq esekif we are going to shine | sizjıltırarıq esegizif you all are going to shine | alajıltırarıq eseleif they are going to shine |
| Conditional, future | menjıltırarıq tül esemif I am not going to shine | senjıltırarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to shine | oljıltırarıq tül eseif he is not going to shine | bizjıltırarıq tül esekif we are not going to shine | sizjıltırarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to shine | alajıltırarıq tül eseleif they are not going to shine |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjıltırarıq bolsamif I were going to shine | senjıltırarıq bolsaŋif you were going to shine | oljıltırarıq bolsaif he were going to shine | bizjıltırarıq bolsaqif we were going to shine | sizjıltırarıq bolsağızif you all were going to shine | alajıltırarıq bolsalaif they were going to shine |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjıltıramazlıq bolsamif I were not going to shine | senjıltıramazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to shine | oljıltıramazlıq bolsaif he were not going to shine | bizjıltıramazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to shine | sizjıltıramazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to shine | alajıltıramazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to shine |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso jıltıradıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjıltıray bolurmaI must be shining | senjıltıray bolursayou must be shining | oljıltıray bolurhe must be shining | bizjıltıray bolurbuzwe must be shining | sizjıltıray bolursuzyou all must be shining | alajıltıray bolurlathey must be shining |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjıltıramay bolurmaI must not be shining | senjıltıramay bolursayou must not be shining | oljıltıramay bolurhe must not be shining | bizjıltıramay bolurbuzwe must not be shining | sizjıltıramay bolursuzyou all must not be shining | alajıltıramay bolurlathey must not be shining |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjıltıray tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of shining | senjıltıray tura bolursayou must be in the middle of shining | oljıltıray tura bolurhe must be in the middle of shining | bizjıltıray tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of shining | sizjıltıray tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of shining | alajıltıray tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of shining |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjıltıramay tura bolurmaI must keep on not shining | senjıltıramay tura bolursayou must keep on not shining | oljıltıramay tura bolurhe must keep on not shining | bizjıltıramay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not shining | sizjıltıramay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not shining | alajıltıramay tura bolurlathey must keep on not shining |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjıltırağan bolurmaI must have shone | senjıltırağan bolursayou must have shone | oljıltırağan bolurhe must have shone | bizjıltırağan bolurbuzwe must have shone | sizjıltırağan bolursuzyou all must have shone | alajıltırağan bolurlathey must have shone |
| Inference (must have) | menjıltıramağan bolurmaI must not have shone | senjıltıramağan bolursayou must not have shone | oljıltıramağan bolurhe must not have shone | bizjıltıramağan bolurbuzwe must not have shone | sizjıltıramağan bolursuzyou all must not have shone | alajıltıramağan bolurlathey must not have shone |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjıltırarıq bolurmaI must be going to shine | senjıltırarıq bolursayou must be going to shine | oljıltırarıq bolurhe must be going to shine | bizjıltırarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to shine | sizjıltırarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to shine | alajıltırarıq bolurlathey must be going to shine |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjıltıramazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to shine | senjıltıramazlıq bolursayou must not be going to shine | oljıltıramazlıq bolurhe must not be going to shine | bizjıltıramazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to shine | sizjıltıramazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to shine | alajıltıramazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to shine |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjıltırayımlet me shine | senjıltıra!shine! | oljıltırasınlet him shine | bizjıltırayıqlet's shine | sizjıltırağız!shine, you all! | alajıltırasınlalet them shine |
| Commands & suggestions | menjıltıramayımlet me not shine | senjıltırama!don't shine! | oljıltıramasınlet him not shine | bizjıltıramayıqlet's not shine | sizjıltıramağız!don't shine, you all! | alajıltıramasınlalet them not shine |
| Commands & suggestions | menjıltırayımmı?shall I shine? | oljıltırasınmı?should he shine? | bizjıltırayıqmı?shall we shine? | alajıltırasınlamı?should they shine? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjıltıramayımmı?shall I not shine? | oljıltıramasınmı?should he not shine? | bizjıltıramayıqmı?shall we not shine? | alajıltıramasınlamı?should they not shine? | ||
| Requests | senjıltıraçı2jıltıraçınplease shine | oljıltırasınçıdo let him shine | sizjıltıraçığızplease shine (plural/polite) | alajıltırasınlaçıdo let them shine | ||
| Requests | senjıltıramaçı2jıltıramaçınplease don't shine | oljıltıramasınçıdo let him not shine | sizjıltıramaçığızplease don't shine (plural/polite) | alajıltıramasınlaçıdo let them not shine | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjıltırağınjıltırağımay you shine | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjıltıramağınjıltıramağımay you not shine | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjıltırağay edim jıltırağa edimwould that I shone | senjıltırağay ediŋ jıltırağa ediŋwould that you shone | oljıltırağay edi jıltırağa ediwould that he shone | bizjıltırağay edik jıltırağa edikwould that we shone | sizjıltırağay edigiz jıltırağa edigizwould that you all shone | alajıltırağay edile jıltırağa edilewould that they shone |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjıltıramağay edim jıltıramağa edimwould that I did not shine | senjıltıramağay ediŋ jıltıramağa ediŋwould that you did not shine | oljıltıramağay edi jıltıramağa ediwould that he did not shine | bizjıltıramağay edik jıltıramağa edikwould that we did not shine | sizjıltıramağay edigiz jıltıramağa edigizwould that you all did not shine | alajıltıramağay edile jıltıramağa edilewould that they did not shine |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjıltıramağa qoyayımjıltırama qoyayımlet me allow someone to shine | senjıltıramağa qoy!jıltırama qoy!let someone shine! | oljıltıramağa qoysunjıltırama qoysunlet him allow someone to shine | bizjıltıramağa qoyayıqjıltırama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to shine | sizjıltıramağa qoyuğuz!jıltırama qoyuğuz!let someone shine, you all! | alajıltıramağa qoysunlajıltırama qoysunlalet them allow someone to shine |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjıltıramağa qoymayımjıltırama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to shine | senjıltıramağa qoyma!jıltırama qoyma!don't let someone shine! | oljıltıramağa qoymasınjıltırama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to shine | bizjıltıramağa qoymayıqjıltırama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to shine | sizjıltıramağa qoymağız!jıltırama qoymağız!don't let someone shine, you all! | alajıltıramağa qoymasınlajıltırama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to shine |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjıltıramağa qoyayımmı?jıltırama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to shine? | oljıltıramağa qoysunmu?jıltırama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to shine? | bizjıltıramağa qoyayıqmı?jıltırama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to shine? | alajıltıramağa qoysunlamı?jıltırama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to shine? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjıltıramağa qoymayımmı?jıltırama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to shine? | oljıltıramağa qoymasınmı?jıltırama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to shine? | bizjıltıramağa qoymayıqmı?jıltırama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to shine? | alajıltıramağa qoymasınlamı?jıltırama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to shine? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjıltıramağa qoyamajıltırama qoyamaI allow someone to shine | senjıltıramağa qoyasajıltırama qoyasayou allow someone to shine | oljıltıramağa qoyadıjıltırama qoyadıhe allows someone to shine | bizjıltıramağa qoyabızjıltırama qoyabızwe allow someone to shine | sizjıltıramağa qoyasızjıltırama qoyasızyou all allow someone to shine | alajıltıramağa qoyadılajıltırama qoyadılathey allow someone to shine |
| Let someone… (present) | menjıltıramağa qoymaymajıltırama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to shine | senjıltıramağa qoymaysajıltırama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to shine | oljıltıramağa qoymaydıjıltırama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to shine | bizjıltıramağa qoymaybızjıltırama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to shine | sizjıltıramağa qoymaysızjıltırama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to shine | alajıltıramağa qoymaydılajıltırama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to shine |
| Let someone… (present) | menjıltıramağa qoyamamı?jıltırama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to shine? | senjıltıramağa qoyamısa?jıltırama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to shine? | oljıltıramağa qoyamıdı?jıltırama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to shine? | bizjıltıramağa qoyabızmı?jıltırama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to shine? | sizjıltıramağa qoyamısız?jıltırama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to shine? | alajıltıramağa qoyamıdıla?jıltırama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to shine? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjıltıramağa qoymaymamı?jıltırama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to shine? | senjıltıramağa qoymaymısa?jıltırama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to shine? | oljıltıramağa qoymaymıdı?jıltırama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to shine? | bizjıltıramağa qoymaybızmı?jıltırama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to shine? | sizjıltıramağa qoymaymısız?jıltırama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to shine? | alajıltıramağa qoymaymıdıla?jıltırama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to shine? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjıltıramağa qoydumjıltırama qoydumI allowed someone to shine | senjıltıramağa qoyduŋjıltırama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to shine | oljıltıramağa qoydujıltırama qoyduhe allowed someone to shine | bizjıltıramağa qoyduqjıltırama qoyduqwe allowed someone to shine | sizjıltıramağa qoyduğuzjıltırama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to shine | alajıltıramağa qoydulajıltırama qoydulathey allowed someone to shine |
| Let someone… (past) | menjıltıramağa qoymadımjıltırama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to shine | senjıltıramağa qoymadıŋjıltırama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to shine | oljıltıramağa qoymadıjıltırama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to shine | bizjıltıramağa qoymadıqjıltırama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to shine | sizjıltıramağa qoymadığızjıltırama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to shine | alajıltıramağa qoymadılajıltırama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to shine |
| Let someone… (past) | menjıltıramağa qoydummu?jıltırama qoydummu?did I allow someone to shine? | senjıltıramağa qoyduŋmu?jıltırama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to shine? | oljıltıramağa qoydumu?jıltırama qoydumu?did he allow someone to shine? | bizjıltıramağa qoyduqmu?jıltırama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to shine? | sizjıltıramağa qoyduğuzmu?jıltırama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to shine? | alajıltıramağa qoydulamı?jıltırama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to shine? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjıltıramağa qoymadımmı?jıltırama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to shine? | senjıltıramağa qoymadıŋmı?jıltırama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to shine? | oljıltıramağa qoymadımı?jıltırama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to shine? | bizjıltıramağa qoymadıqmı?jıltırama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to shine? | sizjıltıramağa qoymadığızmı?jıltırama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to shine? | alajıltıramağa qoymadılamı?jıltırama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to shine? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
jıltırayalırğa be able to shine · jıltırayalmazğa be unable to shine
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjıltırayalamaI can shine | senjıltırayalasayou can shine | oljıltırayaladıhe can shine | bizjıltırayalabızwe can shine | sizjıltırayalasızyou all can shine | alajıltırayaladılathey can shine |
| Ability — present | menjıltırayalmaymaI can't shine | senjıltırayalmaysayou can't shine | oljıltırayalmaydıhe can't shine | bizjıltırayalmaybızwe can't shine | sizjıltırayalmaysızyou all can't shine | alajıltırayalmaydılathey can't shine |
| Ability — present | menjıltırayalamamı? jıltırayalamıma?can I shine? | senjıltırayalamısa?can you shine? | oljıltırayalamıdı?can he shine? | bizjıltırayalabızmı? jıltırayalamıbız?can we shine? | sizjıltırayalamısız?can you all shine? | alajıltırayalamıdıla?can they shine? |
| Ability — present | menjıltırayalmaymamı? jıltırayalmaymıma?can't I shine? | senjıltırayalmaymısa?can't you shine? | oljıltırayalmaymıdı?can't he shine? | bizjıltırayalmaybızmı? jıltırayalmaymıbız?can't we shine? | sizjıltırayalmaymısız?can't you all shine? | alajıltırayalmaymıdıla?can't they shine? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjıltırayalsamif I can shine | senjıltırayalsaŋif you can shine | oljıltırayalsaif he can shine | bizjıltırayalsaqif we can shine | sizjıltırayalsağızif you all can shine | alajıltırayalsalaif they can shine |
| Ability — if I can… | menjıltırayalmasamif I can't shine | senjıltırayalmasaŋif you can't shine | oljıltırayalmasaif he can't shine | bizjıltırayalmasaqif we can't shine | sizjıltırayalmasağızif you all can't shine | alajıltırayalmasalaif they can't shine |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjıltırayaldımI was able to shine | senjıltırayaldıŋyou were able to shine | oljıltırayaldıhe was able to shine | bizjıltırayaldıqwe were able to shine | sizjıltırayaldığızyou all were able to shine | alajıltırayaldılathey were able to shine |
| Ability — simple past | menjıltırayalmadımI could not shine | senjıltırayalmadıŋyou could not shine | oljıltırayalmadıhe could not shine | bizjıltırayalmadıqwe could not shine | sizjıltırayalmadığızyou all could not shine | alajıltırayalmadılathey could not shine |
| Ability — simple past | menjıltırayaldımmı?was I able to shine? | senjıltırayaldıŋmı?were you able to shine? | oljıltırayaldımı?was he able to shine? | bizjıltırayaldıqmı?were we able to shine? | sizjıltırayaldığızmı?were you all able to shine? | alajıltırayaldılamı?were they able to shine? |
| Ability — simple past | menjıltırayalmadımmı?couldn't I shine? | senjıltırayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you shine? | oljıltırayalmadımı?couldn't he shine? | bizjıltırayalmadıqmı?couldn't we shine? | sizjıltırayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all shine? | alajıltırayalmadılamı?couldn't they shine? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjıltırayalğanmaI have been able to shine | senjıltırayalğansayou have been able to shine | oljıltırayalğandıhe has been able to shine | bizjıltırayalğanbızwe have been able to shine | sizjıltırayalğansızyou all have been able to shine | alajıltırayalğandılathey have been able to shine |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjıltırayalmağanmaI haven't been able to shine | senjıltırayalmağansayou haven't been able to shine | oljıltırayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to shine | bizjıltırayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to shine | sizjıltırayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to shine | alajıltırayalmağandılathey haven't been able to shine |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjıltırayalğanmamı? jıltırayalğanmıma?have I been able to shine? | senjıltırayalğanmısa?have you been able to shine? | oljıltırayalğanmıdı?has he been able to shine? | bizjıltırayalğanbızmı? jıltırayalğanmıbız?have we been able to shine? | sizjıltırayalğanmısız?have you all been able to shine? | alajıltırayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to shine? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjıltırayalmağanmamı? jıltırayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to shine? | senjıltırayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to shine? | oljıltırayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to shine? | bizjıltırayalmağanbızmı? jıltırayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to shine? | sizjıltırayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to shine? | alajıltırayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to shine? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjıltırayalğan edimjıltırayalğanemI had been able to shine | senjıltırayalğan ediŋjıltırayalğaneŋyou had been able to shine | oljıltırayalğan edijıltırayalğanedhe had been able to shine | bizjıltırayalğan edikjıltırayalğanekwe had been able to shine | sizjıltırayalğan edigizjıltırayalğanegizyou all had been able to shine | alajıltırayalğan edilejıltırayalğanellethey had been able to shine |
| Ability — past perfect | menjıltırayalmağan edimjıltırayalmağanemI hadn't been able to shine | senjıltırayalmağan ediŋjıltırayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to shine | oljıltırayalmağan edijıltırayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to shine | bizjıltırayalmağan edikjıltırayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to shine | sizjıltırayalmağan edigizjıltırayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to shine | alajıltırayalmağan edilejıltırayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to shine |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjıltırayala edimjıltırayalaemI could shine | senjıltırayala ediŋjıltırayalaeŋyou could shine | oljıltırayala edijıltırayalaedhe could shine | bizjıltırayala edikjıltırayalaekwe could shine | sizjıltırayala edigizjıltırayalaegizyou all could shine | alajıltırayala edilejıltırayalaellethey could shine |
| Ability — past background | menjıltırayalmay edimjıltırayalmayemI could not shine | senjıltırayalmay ediŋjıltırayalmayeŋyou could not shine | oljıltırayalmay edijıltırayalmayedhe could not shine | bizjıltırayalmay edikjıltırayalmayekwe could not shine | sizjıltırayalmay edigizjıltırayalmayegizyou all could not shine | alajıltırayalmay edilejıltırayalmayellethey could not shine |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjıltırayalırmaI will be able to shine | senjıltırayalırsayou will be able to shine | oljıltırayalırhe will be able to shine | bizjıltırayalırbızwe will be able to shine | sizjıltırayalırsızyou all will be able to shine | alajıltırayalırlathey will be able to shine |
| Ability — future I | menjıltırayalmazmaI won't be able to shine | senjıltırayalmazsayou won't be able to shine | oljıltırayalmazhe won't be able to shine | bizjıltırayalmazbızwe won't be able to shine | sizjıltırayalmazsızyou all won't be able to shine | alajıltırayalmazlathey won't be able to shine |
| Ability — future I | menjıltırayalırmamı? jıltırayalırmıma?will I be able to shine? | senjıltırayalırmısa?will you be able to shine? | oljıltırayalırmı?will he be able to shine? | bizjıltırayalırbızmı? jıltırayalırmıbız?will we be able to shine? | sizjıltırayalırmısız?will you all be able to shine? | alajıltırayalırlamı? jıltırayalırmıla?will they be able to shine? |
| Ability — future I | menjıltırayalmazmamı? jıltırayalmazmıma?won't I be able to shine? | senjıltırayalmazmısa?won't you be able to shine? | oljıltırayalmazmı?won't he be able to shine? | bizjıltırayalmazbızmı? jıltırayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to shine? | sizjıltırayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to shine? | alajıltırayalmazlamı? jıltırayalmazmıla?won't they be able to shine? |
| Ability — future II | menjıltırayallıqmaI am going to be able to shine | senjıltırayallıqsayou are going to be able to shine | oljıltırayallıqdıhe is going to be able to shine | bizjıltırayallıqbızwe are going to be able to shine | sizjıltırayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to shine | alajıltırayallıqdılathey are going to be able to shine |
| Ability — future II | menjıltırayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to shine | senjıltırayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to shine | oljıltırayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to shine | bizjıltırayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to shine | sizjıltırayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to shine | alajıltırayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to shine |
| Ability — future II | menjıltırayallıqmamı? jıltırayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to shine? | senjıltırayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to shine? | oljıltırayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to shine? | bizjıltırayallıqbızmı? jıltırayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to shine? | sizjıltırayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to shine? | alajıltırayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to shine? |
| Ability — future II | menjıltırayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to shine? | senjıltırayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to shine? | oljıltırayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to shine? | bizjıltırayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to shine? | sizjıltırayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to shine? | alajıltırayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to shine? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjıltırayalır edimjıltırayalır emI would be able to shine | senjıltırayalır ediŋjıltırayalır eŋyou would be able to shine | oljıltırayalır edijıltırayalır edhe would be able to shine | bizjıltırayalır edikjıltırayalır ekwe would be able to shine | sizjıltırayalır edigizjıltırayalır egizyou all would be able to shine | alajıltırayalır edilejıltırayalır ellethey would be able to shine |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjıltırayalmaz edimjıltırayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to shine | senjıltırayalmaz ediŋjıltırayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to shine | oljıltırayalmaz edijıltırayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to shine | bizjıltırayalmaz edikjıltırayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to shine | sizjıltırayalmaz edigizjıltırayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to shine | alajıltırayalmaz edilejıltırayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to shine |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjıltırayalğınjıltırayalğımay you be able to shine | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjıltırayalmağınjıltırayalmağımay you not be able to shine | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjıltırarğa izleymeI want to shine | senjıltırarğa izleyseyou want to shine | oljıltırarğa izleydihe wants to shine | bizjıltırarğa izleybizwe want to shine | sizjıltırarğa izleysizyou all want to shine | alajıltırarğa izleydilethey want to shine |
| want to | menjıltırarğa izlemeymeI do not want to shine | senjıltırarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to shine | oljıltırarğa izlemeydihe does not want to shine | bizjıltırarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to shine | sizjıltırarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to shine | alajıltırarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to shine |
| would like to | menjıltırarğa süemeI would like to shine | senjıltırarğa süeseyou would like to shine | oljıltırarğa süedihe would like to shine | bizjıltırarğa süebizwe would like to shine | sizjıltırarğa süesizyou all would like to shine | alajıltırarğa süedilethey would like to shine |
| would like to | menjıltırarğa süymeymeI would not like to shine | senjıltırarğa süymeyseyou would not like to shine | oljıltırarğa süymeydihe would not like to shine | bizjıltırarğa süymeybizwe would not like to shine | sizjıltırarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to shine | alajıltırarğa süymeydilethey would not like to shine |
| hope to | menjıltırarğa umutlanamaI hope to shine | senjıltırarğa umutlanasayou hope to shine | oljıltırarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to shine | bizjıltırarğa umutlanabızwe hope to shine | sizjıltırarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to shine | alajıltırarğa umutlanadılathey hope to shine |
| hope to | menjıltırarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to shine | senjıltırarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to shine | oljıltırarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to shine | bizjıltırarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to shine | sizjıltırarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to shine | alajıltırarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to shine |
| be about to | menjıltırarğa deb turamaI am about to shine | senjıltırarğa deb turasayou are about to shine | oljıltırarğa deb turadıhe is about to shine | bizjıltırarğa deb turabızwe are about to shine | sizjıltırarğa deb turasızyou all are about to shine | alajıltırarğa deb turadılathey are about to shine |
| be about to | menjıltırarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to shine | senjıltırarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to shine | oljıltırarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to shine | bizjıltırarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to shine | sizjıltırarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to shine | alajıltırarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to shine |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjıltırarğa kerekmeI need to shine | senjıltırarğa kerekseyou need to shine | oljıltırarğa kerekdihe needs to shine | bizjıltırarğa kerekbizwe need to shine | sizjıltırarğa kereksizyou all need to shine | alajıltırarğa kerekdilethey need to shine |
| need to | menjıltırarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to shine | senjıltırarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to shine | oljıltırarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to shine | bizjıltırarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to shine | sizjıltırarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to shine | alajıltırarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to shine |
| have to | menmenŋe jıltırarğa tüşediI have to shine | sensenŋe jıltırarğa tüşediyou have to shine | olaŋa jıltırarğa tüşedihe has to shine | bizbizge jıltırarğa tüşediwe have to shine | sizsizge jıltırarğa tüşediyou all have to shine | alaalağa jıltırarğa tüşedithey have to shine |
| have to | menmenŋe jıltırarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to shine | sensenŋe jıltırarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to shine | olaŋa jıltırarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to shine | bizbizge jıltırarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to shine | sizsizge jıltırarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to shine | alaalağa jıltırarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to shine |
| be obliged to | menjıltırarğa borçlumaI am obliged to shine | senjıltırarğa borçlusayou are obliged to shine | oljıltırarğa borçluduhe is obliged to shine | bizjıltırarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to shine | sizjıltırarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to shine | alajıltırarğa borçludulathey are obliged to shine |
| be obliged to | menjıltırarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to shine | senjıltırarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to shine | oljıltırarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to shine | bizjıltırarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to shine | sizjıltırarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to shine | alajıltırarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to shine |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjıltırarğa madarım bardıI have a way to shine | senjıltırarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to shine | oljıltırarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to shine | bizjıltırarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to shine | sizjıltırarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to shine | alajıltırarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to shine |
| have a way to | menjıltırarğa madarım joqduI have no way to shine | senjıltırarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to shine | oljıltırarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to shine | bizjıltırarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to shine | sizjıltırarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to shine | alajıltırarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to shine |
| be free to | menjıltırarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to shine | senjıltırarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to shine | oljıltırarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to shine | bizjıltırarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to shine | sizjıltırarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to shine | alajıltırarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to shine |
| be free to | menjıltırarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to shine | senjıltırarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to shine | oljıltırarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to shine | bizjıltırarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to shine | sizjıltırarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to shine | alajıltırarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to shine |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jıltırarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to shine | sensenŋe jıltırarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to shine | olaŋa jıltırarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to shine | bizbizge jıltırarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to shine | sizsizge jıltırarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to shine | alaalağa jıltırarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to shine |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jıltırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to shine | sensenŋe jıltırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to shine | olaŋa jıltırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to shine | bizbizge jıltırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to shine | sizsizge jıltırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to shine | alaalağa jıltırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to shine |
| be ready to | menjıltırarğa hazırmaI am ready to shine | senjıltırarğa hazırsayou are ready to shine | oljıltırarğa hazırdıhe is ready to shine | bizjıltırarğa hazırbızwe are ready to shine | sizjıltırarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to shine | alajıltırarğa hazırdılathey are ready to shine |
| be ready to | menjıltırarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to shine | senjıltırarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to shine | oljıltırarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to shine | bizjıltırarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to shine | sizjıltırarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to shine | alajıltırarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to shine |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjıltırarğa küreşemeI am trying to shine | senjıltırarğa küreşeseyou are trying to shine | oljıltırarğa küreşedihe is trying to shine | bizjıltırarğa küreşebizwe are trying to shine | sizjıltırarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to shine | alajıltırarğa küreşedilethey are trying to shine |
| try to | menjıltırarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to shine | senjıltırarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to shine | oljıltırarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to shine | bizjıltırarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to shine | sizjıltırarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to shine | alajıltırarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to shine |
| agree to | menjıltırarğa unaymaI agree to shine | senjıltırarğa unaysayou agree to shine | oljıltırarğa unaydıhe agrees to shine | bizjıltırarğa unaybızwe agree to shine | sizjıltırarğa unaysızyou all agree to shine | alajıltırarğa unaydılathey agree to shine |
| agree to | menjıltırarğa unamaymaI refuse to shine | senjıltırarğa unamaysayou refuse to shine | oljıltırarğa unamaydıhe refuses to shine | bizjıltırarğa unamaybızwe refuse to shine | sizjıltırarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to shine | alajıltırarğa unamaydılathey refuse to shine |
| hurry to | menjıltırarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to shine | senjıltırarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to shine | oljıltırarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to shine | bizjıltırarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to shine | sizjıltırarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to shine | alajıltırarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to shine |
| hurry to | menjıltırarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to shine | senjıltırarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to shine | oljıltırarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to shine | bizjıltırarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to shine | sizjıltırarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to shine | alajıltırarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to shine |
| be afraid to | menjıltırarğa qorqamaI am afraid to shine | senjıltırarğa qorqasayou are afraid to shine | oljıltırarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to shine | bizjıltırarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to shine | sizjıltırarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to shine | alajıltırarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to shine |
| be afraid to | menjıltırarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to shine | senjıltırarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to shine | oljıltırarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to shine | bizjıltırarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to shine | sizjıltırarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to shine | alajıltırarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to shine |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjıltıray bolmazmaI can't be shining | senjıltıray bolmazsayou can't be shining | oljıltıray bolmazhe can't be shining | bizjıltıray bolmazbızwe can't be shining | sizjıltıray bolmazsızyou all can't be shining | alajıltıray bolmazlathey can't be shining |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjıltıramay bolmazmaI must be shining (emphatic) | senjıltıramay bolmazsayou must be shining (emphatic) | oljıltıramay bolmazhe must be shining (emphatic) | bizjıltıramay bolmazbızwe must be shining (emphatic) | sizjıltıramay bolmazsızyou all must be shining (emphatic) | alajıltıramay bolmazlathey must be shining (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjıltıray turmasamif I don't keep shining | senjıltıray turmasaŋif you don't keep shining | oljıltıray turmasaif he doesn't keep shining | bizjıltıray turmasaqif we don't keep shining | sizjıltıray turmasağızif you all don't keep shining | alajıltıray turmasalaif they don't keep shining |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjıltıray tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of shining | senjıltıray tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of shining | oljıltıray tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of shining | bizjıltıray tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of shining | sizjıltıray tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of shining | alajıltıray tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of shining |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjıltıramay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not shining (emphatic) | senjıltıramay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not shining (emphatic) | oljıltıramay tura bolmazhe must keep on not shining (emphatic) | bizjıltıramay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not shining (emphatic) | sizjıltıramay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not shining (emphatic) | alajıltıramay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not shining (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjıltıramay turamaI keep on not shining | senjıltıramay turasayou keep on not shining | oljıltıramay turadıhe keeps on not shining | bizjıltıramay turabızwe keep on not shining | sizjıltıramay turasızyou all keep on not shining | alajıltıramay turadılathey keep on not shining |
| Progressive — double negation | menjıltıramay turmaymaI am not keeping on not shining | senjıltıramay turmaysayou are not keeping on not shining | oljıltıramay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not shining | bizjıltıramay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not shining | sizjıltıramay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not shining | alajıltıramay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not shining |
| Progressive — double negation | menjıltıramay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not shining? | senjıltıramay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not shining? | oljıltıramay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not shining? | bizjıltıramay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not shining? | sizjıltıramay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not shining? | alajıltıramay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not shining? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjıltırağan bolmazmaI can't have shone | senjıltırağan bolmazsayou can't have shone | oljıltırağan bolmazhe can't have shone | bizjıltırağan bolmazbızwe can't have shone | sizjıltırağan bolmazsızyou all can't have shone | alajıltırağan bolmazlathey can't have shone |
| Inference — double negation | menjıltıramağan bolmazmaI must have shone (emphatic) | senjıltıramağan bolmazsayou must have shone (emphatic) | oljıltıramağan bolmazhe must have shone (emphatic) | bizjıltıramağan bolmazbızwe must have shone (emphatic) | sizjıltıramağan bolmazsızyou all must have shone (emphatic) | alajıltıramağan bolmazlathey must have shone (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjıltırağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had shone | senjıltırağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had shone | oljıltırağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had shone | bizjıltırağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had shone | sizjıltırağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had shone | alajıltırağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had shone |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjıltıramağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't shone | senjıltıramağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't shone | oljıltıramağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't shone | bizjıltıramağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't shone | sizjıltıramağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't shone | alajıltıramağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't shone |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjıltırarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to shine | senjıltırarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to shine | oljıltırarıq bolmazhe can't be going to shine | bizjıltırarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to shine | sizjıltırarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to shine | alajıltırarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to shine |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjıltıramazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to shine (emphatic) | senjıltıramazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to shine (emphatic) | oljıltıramazlıq bolmazhe must be going to shine (emphatic) | bizjıltıramazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to shine (emphatic) | sizjıltıramazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to shine (emphatic) | alajıltıramazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to shine (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjıltırarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to shine | senjıltırarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to shine | oljıltırarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to shine | bizjıltırarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to shine | sizjıltırarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to shine | alajıltırarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to shine |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjıltıramazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to shine | senjıltıramazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to shine | oljıltıramazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to shine | bizjıltıramazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to shine | sizjıltıramazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to shine | alajıltıramazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to shine |