jüzüşürge
/dʒyzyʃyrɡe/
race each other at swimming, have a swimming race
- keligiz, jüzüşeyik — come on, let's have a swimming race
- jaşla kölde jüzüşdüle — the boys raced each other swimming in the lake
- biz suwda jüzüşebiz — we race each other in the water
Conjugation
Common forms
- jüzüşedihe is racing
- jüzüşdühe raced
- jüzüşgendihe has raced
- jüzüşürhe will race
- jüzüşürükdühe is going to race
- jüzüşe edihe was racing
- jüzüşseif he races
- jüzüş!race!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjüzüşemeI am racing | senjüzüşeseyou are racing | oljüzüşedihe is racing | bizjüzüşebizwe are racing | sizjüzüşesizyou all are racing | alajüzüşedilethey are racing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjüzüşmeymeI am not racing | senjüzüşmeyseyou are not racing | oljüzüşmeydihe is not racing | bizjüzüşmeybizwe are not racing | sizjüzüşmeysizyou all are not racing | alajüzüşmeydilethey are not racing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjüzüşememi? jüzüşemime?am I racing? | senjüzüşemise?are you racing? | oljüzüşemidi?is he racing? | bizjüzüşebizmi? jüzüşemibiz?are we racing? | sizjüzüşemisiz?are you all racing? | alajüzüşemidile?are they racing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjüzüşmeymemi? jüzüşmeymime?aren't I racing? | senjüzüşmeymise?aren't you racing? | oljüzüşmeymidi?isn't he racing? | bizjüzüşmeybizmi? jüzüşmeymibiz?aren't we racing? | sizjüzüşmeymisiz?aren't you all racing? | alajüzüşmeymidile?aren't they racing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjüzüşüwçenmeI usually race | senjüzüşüwçenseyou usually race | oljüzüşüwçendihe usually races | bizjüzüşüwçenbizwe usually race | sizjüzüşüwçensizyou all usually race | alajüzüşüwçendilethey usually race |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjüzüşmewçenmeI usually don't race | senjüzüşmewçenseyou usually don't race | oljüzüşmewçendihe usually doesn't race | bizjüzüşmewçenbizwe usually don't race | sizjüzüşmewçensizyou all usually don't race | alajüzüşmewçendilethey usually don't race |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjüzüşüwçenmemi? jüzüşüwçenmime?do I usually race? | senjüzüşüwçenmise?do you usually race? | oljüzüşüwçenmidi?does he usually race? | bizjüzüşüwçenbizmi? jüzüşüwçenmibiz?do we usually race? | sizjüzüşüwçenmisiz?do you all usually race? | alajüzüşüwçenmidile?do they usually race? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjüzüşmewçenmemi? jüzüşmewçenmime?do I usually not race? | senjüzüşmewçenmise?do you usually not race? | oljüzüşmewçenmidi?does he usually not race? | bizjüzüşmewçenbizmi? jüzüşmewçenmibiz?do we usually not race? | sizjüzüşmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not race? | alajüzüşmewçenmidile?do they usually not race? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljüzüşübdühe has raced and remains so | alajüzüşübdülethey have raced and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljüzüşübmüdü?has he raced? | alajüzüşübmüdüle?have they raced? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjüzüşüb turamaI keep racing | senjüzüşüb turasayou keep racing | oljüzüşüb turadıhe keeps racing | bizjüzüşüb turabızwe keep racing | sizjüzüşüb turasızyou all keep racing | alajüzüşüb turadılathey keep racing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjüzüşüb turmaymaI don't keep racing | senjüzüşüb turmaysayou don't keep racing | oljüzüşüb turmaydıhe doesn't keep racing | bizjüzüşüb turmaybızwe don't keep racing | sizjüzüşüb turmaysızyou all don't keep racing | alajüzüşüb turmaydılathey don't keep racing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjüzüşüb turamamı? jüzüşüb turamıma?do I keep racing? | senjüzüşüb turamısa?do you keep racing? | oljüzüşüb turamıdı?does he keep racing? | bizjüzüşüb turabızmı? jüzüşüb turamıbız?do we keep racing? | sizjüzüşüb turamısız?do you all keep racing? | alajüzüşüb turamıdıla?do they keep racing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjüzüşüb turmaymamı? jüzüşüb turmaymıma?don't I keep racing? | senjüzüşüb turmaymısa?don't you keep racing? | oljüzüşüb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep racing? | bizjüzüşüb turmaybızmı? jüzüşüb turmaymıbız?don't we keep racing? | sizjüzüşüb turmaymısız?don't you all keep racing? | alajüzüşüb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep racing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjüzüşe turamaI am in the middle of racing | senjüzüşe turasayou are in the middle of racing | oljüzüşe turadıhe is in the middle of racing | bizjüzüşe turabızwe are in the middle of racing | sizjüzüşe turasızyou all are in the middle of racing | alajüzüşe turadılathey are in the middle of racing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjüzüşe turmaymaI am not in the middle of racing | senjüzüşe turmaysayou are not in the middle of racing | oljüzüşe turmaydıhe is not in the middle of racing | bizjüzüşe turmaybızwe are not in the middle of racing | sizjüzüşe turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of racing | alajüzüşe turmaydılathey are not in the middle of racing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjüzüşe turamamı? jüzüşe turamıma?am I in the middle of racing? | senjüzüşe turamısa?are you in the middle of racing? | oljüzüşe turamıdı?is he in the middle of racing? | bizjüzüşe turabızmı? jüzüşe turamıbız?are we in the middle of racing? | sizjüzüşe turamısız?are you all in the middle of racing? | alajüzüşe turamıdıla?are they in the middle of racing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjüzüşe turmaymamı? jüzüşe turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of racing? | senjüzüşe turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of racing? | oljüzüşe turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of racing? | bizjüzüşe turmaybızmı? jüzüşe turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of racing? | sizjüzüşe turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of racing? | alajüzüşe turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of racing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjüzüşdümI raced | senjüzüşdüŋyou raced | oljüzüşdühe raced | bizjüzüşdükwe raced | sizjüzüşdügüzyou all raced | alajüzüşdülethey raced |
| Simple past (definite) | menjüzüşmedimI didn't race | senjüzüşmediŋyou didn't race | oljüzüşmedihe didn't race | bizjüzüşmedikwe didn't race | sizjüzüşmedigizyou all didn't race | alajüzüşmedilethey didn't race |
| Simple past (definite) | menjüzüşdümmü?did I race? | senjüzüşdüŋmü?did you race? | oljüzüşdümü?did he race? | bizjüzüşdükmü?did we race? | sizjüzüşdügüzmü?did you all race? | alajüzüşdülemi?did they race? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjüzüşmedimmi?didn't I race? | senjüzüşmediŋmi?didn't you race? | oljüzüşmedimi?didn't he race? | bizjüzüşmedikmi?didn't we race? | sizjüzüşmedigizmi?didn't you all race? | alajüzüşmedilemi?didn't they race? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjüzüşgenmeI have raced | senjüzüşgenseyou have raced | oljüzüşgendihe has raced | bizjüzüşgenbizwe have raced | sizjüzüşgensizyou all have raced | alajüzüşgendilethey have raced |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjüzüşmegenmeI haven't raced | senjüzüşmegenseyou haven't raced | oljüzüşmegendihe hasn't raced | bizjüzüşmegenbizwe haven't raced | sizjüzüşmegensizyou all haven't raced | alajüzüşmegendilethey haven't raced |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjüzüşgenmemi? jüzüşgenmime?have I raced? | senjüzüşgenmise?have you raced? | oljüzüşgenmidi?has he raced? | bizjüzüşgenbizmi? jüzüşgenmibiz?have we raced? | sizjüzüşgenmisiz?have you all raced? | alajüzüşgenmidile?have they raced? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjüzüşmegenmemi? jüzüşmegenmime?haven't I raced? | senjüzüşmegenmise?haven't you raced? | oljüzüşmegenmidi?hasn't he raced? | bizjüzüşmegenbizmi? jüzüşmegenmibiz?haven't we raced? | sizjüzüşmegenmisiz?haven't you all raced? | alajüzüşmegenmidile?haven't they raced? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjüzüşüb turdumI kept racing | senjüzüşüb turduŋyou kept racing | oljüzüşüb turduhe kept racing | bizjüzüşüb turduqwe kept racing | sizjüzüşüb turduğuzyou all kept racing | alajüzüşüb turdulathey kept racing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjüzüşüb turmadımI didn't keep racing | senjüzüşüb turmadıŋyou didn't keep racing | oljüzüşüb turmadıhe didn't keep racing | bizjüzüşüb turmadıqwe didn't keep racing | sizjüzüşüb turmadığızyou all didn't keep racing | alajüzüşüb turmadılathey didn't keep racing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjüzüşürmeI will race | senjüzüşürseyou will race | oljüzüşürhe will race | bizjüzüşürbüzwe will race | sizjüzüşürsüzyou all will race | alajüzüşürlethey will race |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjüzüşmezmeI won't race | senjüzüşmezseyou won't race | oljüzüşmezhe won't race | bizjüzüşmezbizwe won't race | sizjüzüşmezsizyou all won't race | alajüzüşmezlethey won't race |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjüzüşürmemi? jüzüşürmüme?will I race? | senjüzüşürmüse?will you race? | oljüzüşürmü?will he race? | bizjüzüşürbüzmü? jüzüşürmübüz?will we race? | sizjüzüşürmüsüz?will you all race? | alajüzüşürlemi? jüzüşürmüle?will they race? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjüzüşmezmemi? jüzüşmezmime?won't I race? | senjüzüşmezmise?won't you race? | oljüzüşmezmi?won't he race? | bizjüzüşmezbizmi? jüzüşmezmibiz?won't we race? | sizjüzüşmezmisiz?won't you all race? | alajüzüşmezlemi? jüzüşmezmile?won't they race? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjüzüşürükmeI am going to race | senjüzüşürükseyou are going to race | oljüzüşürükdühe is going to race | bizjüzüşürükbüzwe are going to race | sizjüzüşürüksüzyou all are going to race | alajüzüşürükdülethey are going to race |
| Definite future (future II) | menjüzüşürük tülmeI am not going to race | senjüzüşürük tülseyou are not going to race | oljüzüşürük tüldühe is not going to race | bizjüzüşürük tülbüzwe are not going to race | sizjüzüşürük tülsüzyou all are not going to race | alajüzüşürük tüldülethey are not going to race |
| Definite future (future II) | menjüzüşürükmemi? jüzüşürükmüme?am I going to race? | senjüzüşürükmüse?are you going to race? | oljüzüşürükmüdü?is he going to race? | bizjüzüşürükbüzmü? jüzüşürükmübüz?are we going to race? | sizjüzüşürükmüsüz?are you all going to race? | alajüzüşürükmüdüle?are they going to race? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjüzüşürük tülmüme?aren't I going to race? | senjüzüşürük tülmüse?aren't you going to race? | oljüzüşürük tülmüdü?isn't he going to race? | bizjüzüşürük tülmübüz?aren't we going to race? | sizjüzüşürük tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to race? | alajüzüşürük tülmüdüle?aren't they going to race? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjüzüşgen edimjüzüşgenemI had raced | senjüzüşgen ediŋjüzüşgeneŋyou had raced | oljüzüşgen edijüzüşgenedhe had raced | bizjüzüşgen edikjüzüşgenekwe had raced | sizjüzüşgen edigizjüzüşgenegizyou all had raced | alajüzüşgen edilejüzüşgenellethey had raced |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjüzüşmegen edimjüzüşmegenemI hadn't raced | senjüzüşmegen ediŋjüzüşmegeneŋyou hadn't raced | oljüzüşmegen edijüzüşmegenedhe hadn't raced | bizjüzüşmegen edikjüzüşmegenekwe hadn't raced | sizjüzüşmegen edigizjüzüşmegenegizyou all hadn't raced | alajüzüşmegen edilejüzüşmegenellethey hadn't raced |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjüzüşe edimjüzüşemI was racing | senjüzüşe ediŋjüzüşeŋyou were racing | oljüzüşe edijüzüşedhe was racing | bizjüzüşe edikjüzüşekwe were racing | sizjüzüşe edigizjüzüşegizyou all were racing | alajüzüşe edilejüzüşellethey were racing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjüzüşmey edimjüzüşmeyemI wasn't racing | senjüzüşmey ediŋjüzüşmeyeŋyou weren't racing | oljüzüşmey edijüzüşmeyedhe wasn't racing | bizjüzüşmey edikjüzüşmeyekwe weren't racing | sizjüzüşmey edigizjüzüşmeyegizyou all weren't racing | alajüzüşmey edilejüzüşmeyellethey weren't racing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjüzüşüwçen edimjüzüşüwçenemI used to race | senjüzüşüwçen ediŋjüzüşüwçeneŋyou used to race | oljüzüşüwçen edijüzüşüwçenedhe used to race | bizjüzüşüwçen edikjüzüşüwçenekwe used to race | sizjüzüşüwçen edigizjüzüşüwçenegizyou all used to race | alajüzüşüwçen edilejüzüşüwçenellethey used to race |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjüzüşmewçen edimjüzüşmewçenemI didn't use to race | senjüzüşmewçen ediŋjüzüşmewçeneŋyou didn't use to race | oljüzüşmewçen edijüzüşmewçenedhe didn't use to race | bizjüzüşmewçen edikjüzüşmewçenekwe didn't use to race | sizjüzüşmewçen edigizjüzüşmewçenegizyou all didn't use to race | alajüzüşmewçen edilejüzüşmewçenellethey didn't use to race |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljüzüşüb edihe had raced and remained so | alajüzüşüb edilethey had raced and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljüzüşüb tül edihe hadn't raced | alajüzüşüb tül edilethey hadn't raced | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjüzüşüb tura edimjüzüşüb turaemI had kept racing | senjüzüşüb tura ediŋjüzüşüb turaeŋyou had kept racing | oljüzüşüb tura edijüzüşüb turaedhe had kept racing | bizjüzüşüb tura edikjüzüşüb turaekwe had kept racing | sizjüzüşüb tura edigizjüzüşüb turaegizyou all had kept racing | alajüzüşüb tura edilejüzüşüb turaellethey had kept racing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjüzüşüb turmay edimjüzüşüb turmayemI hadn't kept racing | senjüzüşüb turmay ediŋjüzüşüb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept racing | oljüzüşüb turmay edijüzüşüb turmayedhe hadn't kept racing | bizjüzüşüb turmay edikjüzüşüb turmayekwe hadn't kept racing | sizjüzüşüb turmay edigizjüzüşüb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept racing | alajüzüşüb turmay edilejüzüşüb turmayellethey hadn't kept racing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjüzüşe tura edimjüzüşe turaemI was in the middle of racing | senjüzüşe tura ediŋjüzüşe turaeŋyou were in the middle of racing | oljüzüşe tura edijüzüşe turaedhe was in the middle of racing | bizjüzüşe tura edikjüzüşe turaekwe were in the middle of racing | sizjüzüşe tura edigizjüzüşe turaegizyou all were in the middle of racing | alajüzüşe tura edilejüzüşe turaellethey were in the middle of racing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjüzüşe turmay edimjüzüşe turmayemI wasn't in the middle of racing | senjüzüşe turmay ediŋjüzüşe turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of racing | oljüzüşe turmay edijüzüşe turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of racing | bizjüzüşe turmay edikjüzüşe turmayekwe weren't in the middle of racing | sizjüzüşe turmay edigizjüzüşe turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of racing | alajüzüşe turmay edilejüzüşe turmayellethey weren't in the middle of racing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjüzüşür edimjüzüşür emI would race | senjüzüşür ediŋjüzüşür eŋyou would race | oljüzüşür edijüzüşür edhe would race | bizjüzüşür edikjüzüşür ekwe would race | sizjüzüşür edigizjüzüşür egizyou all would race | alajüzüşür edilejüzüşür ellethey would race |
| Conditional result (would) | menjüzüşmez edimjüzüşmez emI wouldn't race | senjüzüşmez ediŋjüzüşmez eŋyou wouldn't race | oljüzüşmez edijüzüşmez edhe wouldn't race | bizjüzüşmez edikjüzüşmez ekwe wouldn't race | sizjüzüşmez edigizjüzüşmez egizyou all wouldn't race | alajüzüşmez edilejüzüşmez ellethey wouldn't race |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjüzüşürük edimjüzüşürük emI would have raced | senjüzüşürük ediŋjüzüşürük eŋyou would have raced | oljüzüşürük edijüzüşürük edhe would have raced | bizjüzüşürük edikjüzüşürük ekwe would have raced | sizjüzüşürük edigizjüzüşürük egizyou all would have raced | alajüzüşürük edilejüzüşürük ellethey would have raced |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjüzüşürük tül edimjüzüşürük tül emI wouldn't have raced | senjüzüşürük tül ediŋjüzüşürük tül eŋyou wouldn't have raced | oljüzüşürük tül edijüzüşürük tül edhe wouldn't have raced | bizjüzüşürük tül edikjüzüşürük tül ekwe wouldn't have raced | sizjüzüşürük tül edigizjüzüşürük tül egizyou all wouldn't have raced | alajüzüşürük tül edilejüzüşürük tül ellethey wouldn't have raced |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjüzüşsemif I race | senjüzüşseŋif you race | oljüzüşseif he races | bizjüzüşsekif we race | sizjüzüşsegizif you all race | alajüzüşseleif they race |
| Conditional | menjüzüşmesemif I don't race | senjüzüşmeseŋif you don't race | oljüzüşmeseif he doesn't race | bizjüzüşmesekif we don't race | sizjüzüşmesegizif you all don't race | alajüzüşmeseleif they don't race |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjüzüşe esemif I am racing | senjüzüşe eseŋif you are racing | oljüzüşe eseif he is racing | bizjüzüşe esekif we are racing | sizjüzüşe esegizif you all are racing | alajüzüşe eseleif they are racing |
| Conditional, present real | menjüzüşmey esemif I am not racing | senjüzüşmey eseŋif you are not racing | oljüzüşmey eseif he is not racing | bizjüzüşmey esekif we are not racing | sizjüzüşmey esegizif you all are not racing | alajüzüşmey eseleif they are not racing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjüzüşsem edijüzüşsem edif only I raced | senjüzüşseŋ edijüzüşseŋ edif only you raced | oljüzüşse edijüzüşsedif only he raced | bizjüzüşsek edijüzüşsek edif only we raced | sizjüzüşsegiz edijüzüşsegiz edif only you all raced | alajüzüşsele edijüzüşseledif only they raced |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjüzüşmesem edijüzüşmesem edif only I didn't race | senjüzüşmeseŋ edijüzüşmeseŋ edif only you didn't race | oljüzüşmese edijüzüşmesedif only he didn't race | bizjüzüşmesek edijüzüşmesek edif only we didn't race | sizjüzüşmesegiz edijüzüşmesegiz edif only you all didn't race | alajüzüşmesele edijüzüşmeseledif only they didn't race |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjüzüşüb tursamif I carry on racing | senjüzüşüb tursaŋif you carry on racing | oljüzüşüb tursaif he carries on racing | bizjüzüşüb tursaqif we carry on racing | sizjüzüşüb tursağızif you all carry on racing | alajüzüşüb tursalaif they carry on racing |
| Durative conditional | menjüzüşüb turmasamif I don't carry on racing | senjüzüşüb turmasaŋif you don't carry on racing | oljüzüşüb turmasaif he doesn't carry on racing | bizjüzüşüb turmasaqif we don't carry on racing | sizjüzüşüb turmasağızif you all don't carry on racing | alajüzüşüb turmasalaif they don't carry on racing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjüzüşüb tura esemif I have kept racing | senjüzüşüb tura eseŋif you have kept racing | oljüzüşüb tura eseif he has kept racing | bizjüzüşüb tura esekif we have kept racing | sizjüzüşüb tura esegizif you all have kept racing | alajüzüşüb tura eseleif they have kept racing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjüzüşüb turmay esemif I haven't kept racing | senjüzüşüb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept racing | oljüzüşüb turmay eseif he hasn't kept racing | bizjüzüşüb turmay esekif we haven't kept racing | sizjüzüşüb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept racing | alajüzüşüb turmay eseleif they haven't kept racing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjüzüşe tursamif I keep racing | senjüzüşe tursaŋif you keep racing | oljüzüşe tursaif he keeps racing | bizjüzüşe tursaqif we keep racing | sizjüzüşe tursağızif you all keep racing | alajüzüşe tursalaif they keep racing |
| Progressive conditional | menjüzüşmey tursamif I keep on not racing | senjüzüşmey tursaŋif you keep on not racing | oljüzüşmey tursaif he keeps on not racing | bizjüzüşmey tursaqif we keep on not racing | sizjüzüşmey tursağızif you all keep on not racing | alajüzüşmey tursalaif they keep on not racing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjüzüşe tura esemif I am in the middle of racing | senjüzüşe tura eseŋif you are in the middle of racing | oljüzüşe tura eseif he is in the middle of racing | bizjüzüşe tura esekif we are in the middle of racing | sizjüzüşe tura esegizif you all are in the middle of racing | alajüzüşe tura eseleif they are in the middle of racing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjüzüşmey tura esemif I keep on not racing | senjüzüşmey tura eseŋif you keep on not racing | oljüzüşmey tura eseif he keeps on not racing | bizjüzüşmey tura esekif we keep on not racing | sizjüzüşmey tura esegizif you all keep on not racing | alajüzüşmey tura eseleif they keep on not racing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjüzüşdüm esemif I raced | senjüzüşdüŋ eseŋif you raced | oljüzüşdü eseif he raced | bizjüzüşdük esekif we raced | sizjüzüşdügüz esegizif you all raced | alajüzüşdüle eseleif they raced |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjüzüşmedim esemif I didn't race | senjüzüşmediŋ eseŋif you didn't race | oljüzüşmedi eseif he didn't race | bizjüzüşmedik esekif we didn't race | sizjüzüşmedigiz esegizif you all didn't race | alajüzüşmedile eseleif they didn't race |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjüzüşgen esemif I did race (indeed) | senjüzüşgen eseŋif you did race (indeed) | oljüzüşgen eseif he did race (indeed) | bizjüzüşgen esekif we did race (indeed) | sizjüzüşgen esegizif you all did race (indeed) | alajüzüşgen eseleif they did race (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjüzüşmegen esemif I didn't race (indeed) | senjüzüşmegen eseŋif you didn't race (indeed) | oljüzüşmegen eseif he didn't race (indeed) | bizjüzüşmegen esekif we didn't race (indeed) | sizjüzüşmegen esegizif you all didn't race (indeed) | alajüzüşmegen eseleif they didn't race (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjüzüşgen bolsamif I had raced | senjüzüşgen bolsaŋif you had raced | oljüzüşgen bolsaif he had raced | bizjüzüşgen bolsaqif we had raced | sizjüzüşgen bolsağızif you all had raced | alajüzüşgen bolsalaif they had raced |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjüzüşmegen bolsamif I hadn't raced | senjüzüşmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't raced | oljüzüşmegen bolsaif he hadn't raced | bizjüzüşmegen bolsaqif we hadn't raced | sizjüzüşmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't raced | alajüzüşmegen bolsalaif they hadn't raced |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjüzüşgen bolsam edijüzüşgen bolsam edif only I had raced | senjüzüşgen bolsaŋ edijüzüşgen bolsaŋ edif only you had raced | oljüzüşgen bolsa edijüzüşgen bolsaedif only he had raced | bizjüzüşgen bolsaq edijüzüşgen bolsaq edif only we had raced | sizjüzüşgen bolsağız edijüzüşgen bolsağız edif only you all had raced | alajüzüşgen bolsala edijüzüşgen bolsalaedif only they had raced |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjüzüşmegen bolsam edijüzüşmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't raced | senjüzüşmegen bolsaŋ edijüzüşmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't raced | oljüzüşmegen bolsa edijüzüşmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't raced | bizjüzüşmegen bolsaq edijüzüşmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't raced | sizjüzüşmegen bolsağız edijüzüşmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't raced | alajüzüşmegen bolsala edijüzüşmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't raced |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjüzüşür esemif I will race | senjüzüşür eseŋif you will race | oljüzüşür eseif he will race | bizjüzüşür esekif we will race | sizjüzüşür esegizif you all will race | alajüzüşür eseleif they will race |
| Conditional, aorist | menjüzüşmez esemif I won't race | senjüzüşmez eseŋif you won't race | oljüzüşmez eseif he won't race | bizjüzüşmez esekif we won't race | sizjüzüşmez esegizif you all won't race | alajüzüşmez eseleif they won't race |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjüzüşürük esemif I am going to race | senjüzüşürük eseŋif you are going to race | oljüzüşürük eseif he is going to race | bizjüzüşürük esekif we are going to race | sizjüzüşürük esegizif you all are going to race | alajüzüşürük eseleif they are going to race |
| Conditional, future | menjüzüşürük tül esemif I am not going to race | senjüzüşürük tül eseŋif you are not going to race | oljüzüşürük tül eseif he is not going to race | bizjüzüşürük tül esekif we are not going to race | sizjüzüşürük tül esegizif you all are not going to race | alajüzüşürük tül eseleif they are not going to race |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjüzüşürük bolsamif I were going to race | senjüzüşürük bolsaŋif you were going to race | oljüzüşürük bolsaif he were going to race | bizjüzüşürük bolsaqif we were going to race | sizjüzüşürük bolsağızif you all were going to race | alajüzüşürük bolsalaif they were going to race |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjüzüşmezlik bolsamif I were not going to race | senjüzüşmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to race | oljüzüşmezlik bolsaif he were not going to race | bizjüzüşmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to race | sizjüzüşmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to race | alajüzüşmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to race |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso jüzüşdüŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjüzüşe bolurmaI must be racing | senjüzüşe bolursayou must be racing | oljüzüşe bolurhe must be racing | bizjüzüşe bolurbuzwe must be racing | sizjüzüşe bolursuzyou all must be racing | alajüzüşe bolurlathey must be racing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjüzüşmey bolurmaI must not be racing | senjüzüşmey bolursayou must not be racing | oljüzüşmey bolurhe must not be racing | bizjüzüşmey bolurbuzwe must not be racing | sizjüzüşmey bolursuzyou all must not be racing | alajüzüşmey bolurlathey must not be racing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjüzüşe tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of racing | senjüzüşe tura bolursayou must be in the middle of racing | oljüzüşe tura bolurhe must be in the middle of racing | bizjüzüşe tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of racing | sizjüzüşe tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of racing | alajüzüşe tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of racing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjüzüşmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not racing | senjüzüşmey tura bolursayou must keep on not racing | oljüzüşmey tura bolurhe must keep on not racing | bizjüzüşmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not racing | sizjüzüşmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not racing | alajüzüşmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not racing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjüzüşgen bolurmaI must have raced | senjüzüşgen bolursayou must have raced | oljüzüşgen bolurhe must have raced | bizjüzüşgen bolurbuzwe must have raced | sizjüzüşgen bolursuzyou all must have raced | alajüzüşgen bolurlathey must have raced |
| Inference (must have) | menjüzüşmegen bolurmaI must not have raced | senjüzüşmegen bolursayou must not have raced | oljüzüşmegen bolurhe must not have raced | bizjüzüşmegen bolurbuzwe must not have raced | sizjüzüşmegen bolursuzyou all must not have raced | alajüzüşmegen bolurlathey must not have raced |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjüzüşürük bolurmaI must be going to race | senjüzüşürük bolursayou must be going to race | oljüzüşürük bolurhe must be going to race | bizjüzüşürük bolurbuzwe must be going to race | sizjüzüşürük bolursuzyou all must be going to race | alajüzüşürük bolurlathey must be going to race |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjüzüşmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to race | senjüzüşmezlik bolursayou must not be going to race | oljüzüşmezlik bolurhe must not be going to race | bizjüzüşmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to race | sizjüzüşmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to race | alajüzüşmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to race |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjüzüşeyimlet me race | senjüzüş!race! | oljüzüşsünlet him race | bizjüzüşeyiklet's race | sizjüzüşügüz!race, you all! | alajüzüşsünlelet them race |
| Commands & suggestions | menjüzüşmeyimlet me not race | senjüzüşme!don't race! | oljüzüşmesinlet him not race | bizjüzüşmeyiklet's not race | sizjüzüşmegiz!don't race, you all! | alajüzüşmesinlelet them not race |
| Commands & suggestions | menjüzüşeyimmi?shall I race? | oljüzüşsünmü?should he race? | bizjüzüşeyikmi?shall we race? | alajüzüşsünlemi?should they race? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjüzüşmeyimmi?shall I not race? | oljüzüşmesinmi?should he not race? | bizjüzüşmeyikmi?shall we not race? | alajüzüşmesinlemi?should they not race? | ||
| Requests | senjüzüşçü2jüzüşçünplease race | oljüzüşsünçüdo let him race | sizjüzüşçügüzplease race (plural/polite) | alajüzüşsünleçido let them race | ||
| Requests | senjüzüşmeçi2jüzüşmeçinplease don't race | oljüzüşmesinçido let him not race | sizjüzüşmeçigizplease don't race (plural/polite) | alajüzüşmesinleçido let them not race | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjüzüşgünjüzüşgümay you race | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjüzüşmeginjüzüşmegimay you not race | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjüzüşgey edim jüzüşge edimwould that I raced | senjüzüşgey ediŋ jüzüşge ediŋwould that you raced | oljüzüşgey edi jüzüşge ediwould that he raced | bizjüzüşgey edik jüzüşge edikwould that we raced | sizjüzüşgey edigiz jüzüşge edigizwould that you all raced | alajüzüşgey edile jüzüşge edilewould that they raced |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjüzüşmegey edim jüzüşmege edimwould that I did not race | senjüzüşmegey ediŋ jüzüşmege ediŋwould that you did not race | oljüzüşmegey edi jüzüşmege ediwould that he did not race | bizjüzüşmegey edik jüzüşmege edikwould that we did not race | sizjüzüşmegey edigiz jüzüşmege edigizwould that you all did not race | alajüzüşmegey edile jüzüşmege edilewould that they did not race |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjüzüşmege qoyayımjüzüşme qoyayımlet me allow someone to race | senjüzüşmege qoy!jüzüşme qoy!let someone race! | oljüzüşmege qoysunjüzüşme qoysunlet him allow someone to race | bizjüzüşmege qoyayıqjüzüşme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to race | sizjüzüşmege qoyuğuz!jüzüşme qoyuğuz!let someone race, you all! | alajüzüşmege qoysunlajüzüşme qoysunlalet them allow someone to race |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjüzüşmege qoymayımjüzüşme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to race | senjüzüşmege qoyma!jüzüşme qoyma!don't let someone race! | oljüzüşmege qoymasınjüzüşme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to race | bizjüzüşmege qoymayıqjüzüşme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to race | sizjüzüşmege qoymağız!jüzüşme qoymağız!don't let someone race, you all! | alajüzüşmege qoymasınlajüzüşme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to race |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjüzüşmege qoyayımmı?jüzüşme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to race? | oljüzüşmege qoysunmu?jüzüşme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to race? | bizjüzüşmege qoyayıqmı?jüzüşme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to race? | alajüzüşmege qoysunlamı?jüzüşme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to race? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjüzüşmege qoymayımmı?jüzüşme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to race? | oljüzüşmege qoymasınmı?jüzüşme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to race? | bizjüzüşmege qoymayıqmı?jüzüşme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to race? | alajüzüşmege qoymasınlamı?jüzüşme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to race? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjüzüşmege qoyamajüzüşme qoyamaI allow someone to race | senjüzüşmege qoyasajüzüşme qoyasayou allow someone to race | oljüzüşmege qoyadıjüzüşme qoyadıhe allows someone to race | bizjüzüşmege qoyabızjüzüşme qoyabızwe allow someone to race | sizjüzüşmege qoyasızjüzüşme qoyasızyou all allow someone to race | alajüzüşmege qoyadılajüzüşme qoyadılathey allow someone to race |
| Let someone… (present) | menjüzüşmege qoymaymajüzüşme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to race | senjüzüşmege qoymaysajüzüşme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to race | oljüzüşmege qoymaydıjüzüşme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to race | bizjüzüşmege qoymaybızjüzüşme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to race | sizjüzüşmege qoymaysızjüzüşme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to race | alajüzüşmege qoymaydılajüzüşme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to race |
| Let someone… (present) | menjüzüşmege qoyamamı?jüzüşme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to race? | senjüzüşmege qoyamısa?jüzüşme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to race? | oljüzüşmege qoyamıdı?jüzüşme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to race? | bizjüzüşmege qoyabızmı?jüzüşme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to race? | sizjüzüşmege qoyamısız?jüzüşme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to race? | alajüzüşmege qoyamıdıla?jüzüşme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to race? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjüzüşmege qoymaymamı?jüzüşme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to race? | senjüzüşmege qoymaymısa?jüzüşme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to race? | oljüzüşmege qoymaymıdı?jüzüşme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to race? | bizjüzüşmege qoymaybızmı?jüzüşme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to race? | sizjüzüşmege qoymaymısız?jüzüşme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to race? | alajüzüşmege qoymaymıdıla?jüzüşme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to race? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjüzüşmege qoydumjüzüşme qoydumI allowed someone to race | senjüzüşmege qoyduŋjüzüşme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to race | oljüzüşmege qoydujüzüşme qoyduhe allowed someone to race | bizjüzüşmege qoyduqjüzüşme qoyduqwe allowed someone to race | sizjüzüşmege qoyduğuzjüzüşme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to race | alajüzüşmege qoydulajüzüşme qoydulathey allowed someone to race |
| Let someone… (past) | menjüzüşmege qoymadımjüzüşme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to race | senjüzüşmege qoymadıŋjüzüşme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to race | oljüzüşmege qoymadıjüzüşme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to race | bizjüzüşmege qoymadıqjüzüşme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to race | sizjüzüşmege qoymadığızjüzüşme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to race | alajüzüşmege qoymadılajüzüşme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to race |
| Let someone… (past) | menjüzüşmege qoydummu?jüzüşme qoydummu?did I allow someone to race? | senjüzüşmege qoyduŋmu?jüzüşme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to race? | oljüzüşmege qoydumu?jüzüşme qoydumu?did he allow someone to race? | bizjüzüşmege qoyduqmu?jüzüşme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to race? | sizjüzüşmege qoyduğuzmu?jüzüşme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to race? | alajüzüşmege qoydulamı?jüzüşme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to race? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjüzüşmege qoymadımmı?jüzüşme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to race? | senjüzüşmege qoymadıŋmı?jüzüşme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to race? | oljüzüşmege qoymadımı?jüzüşme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to race? | bizjüzüşmege qoymadıqmı?jüzüşme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to race? | sizjüzüşmege qoymadığızmı?jüzüşme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to race? | alajüzüşmege qoymadılamı?jüzüşme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to race? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjüzüşalamaI can race | senjüzüşalasayou can race | oljüzüşaladıhe can race | bizjüzüşalabızwe can race | sizjüzüşalasızyou all can race | alajüzüşaladılathey can race |
| Ability — present | menjüzüşalmaymaI can't race | senjüzüşalmaysayou can't race | oljüzüşalmaydıhe can't race | bizjüzüşalmaybızwe can't race | sizjüzüşalmaysızyou all can't race | alajüzüşalmaydılathey can't race |
| Ability — present | menjüzüşalamamı? jüzüşalamıma?can I race? | senjüzüşalamısa?can you race? | oljüzüşalamıdı?can he race? | bizjüzüşalabızmı? jüzüşalamıbız?can we race? | sizjüzüşalamısız?can you all race? | alajüzüşalamıdıla?can they race? |
| Ability — present | menjüzüşalmaymamı? jüzüşalmaymıma?can't I race? | senjüzüşalmaymısa?can't you race? | oljüzüşalmaymıdı?can't he race? | bizjüzüşalmaybızmı? jüzüşalmaymıbız?can't we race? | sizjüzüşalmaymısız?can't you all race? | alajüzüşalmaymıdıla?can't they race? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjüzüşalsamif I can race | senjüzüşalsaŋif you can race | oljüzüşalsaif he can race | bizjüzüşalsaqif we can race | sizjüzüşalsağızif you all can race | alajüzüşalsalaif they can race |
| Ability — if I can… | menjüzüşalmasamif I can't race | senjüzüşalmasaŋif you can't race | oljüzüşalmasaif he can't race | bizjüzüşalmasaqif we can't race | sizjüzüşalmasağızif you all can't race | alajüzüşalmasalaif they can't race |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjüzüşaldımI was able to race | senjüzüşaldıŋyou were able to race | oljüzüşaldıhe was able to race | bizjüzüşaldıqwe were able to race | sizjüzüşaldığızyou all were able to race | alajüzüşaldılathey were able to race |
| Ability — simple past | menjüzüşalmadımI could not race | senjüzüşalmadıŋyou could not race | oljüzüşalmadıhe could not race | bizjüzüşalmadıqwe could not race | sizjüzüşalmadığızyou all could not race | alajüzüşalmadılathey could not race |
| Ability — simple past | menjüzüşaldımmı?was I able to race? | senjüzüşaldıŋmı?were you able to race? | oljüzüşaldımı?was he able to race? | bizjüzüşaldıqmı?were we able to race? | sizjüzüşaldığızmı?were you all able to race? | alajüzüşaldılamı?were they able to race? |
| Ability — simple past | menjüzüşalmadımmı?couldn't I race? | senjüzüşalmadıŋmı?couldn't you race? | oljüzüşalmadımı?couldn't he race? | bizjüzüşalmadıqmı?couldn't we race? | sizjüzüşalmadığızmı?couldn't you all race? | alajüzüşalmadılamı?couldn't they race? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjüzüşalğanmaI have been able to race | senjüzüşalğansayou have been able to race | oljüzüşalğandıhe has been able to race | bizjüzüşalğanbızwe have been able to race | sizjüzüşalğansızyou all have been able to race | alajüzüşalğandılathey have been able to race |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjüzüşalmağanmaI haven't been able to race | senjüzüşalmağansayou haven't been able to race | oljüzüşalmağandıhe hasn't been able to race | bizjüzüşalmağanbızwe haven't been able to race | sizjüzüşalmağansızyou all haven't been able to race | alajüzüşalmağandılathey haven't been able to race |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjüzüşalğanmamı? jüzüşalğanmıma?have I been able to race? | senjüzüşalğanmısa?have you been able to race? | oljüzüşalğanmıdı?has he been able to race? | bizjüzüşalğanbızmı? jüzüşalğanmıbız?have we been able to race? | sizjüzüşalğanmısız?have you all been able to race? | alajüzüşalğanmıdıla?have they been able to race? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjüzüşalmağanmamı? jüzüşalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to race? | senjüzüşalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to race? | oljüzüşalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to race? | bizjüzüşalmağanbızmı? jüzüşalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to race? | sizjüzüşalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to race? | alajüzüşalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to race? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjüzüşalğan edimjüzüşalğanemI had been able to race | senjüzüşalğan ediŋjüzüşalğaneŋyou had been able to race | oljüzüşalğan edijüzüşalğanedhe had been able to race | bizjüzüşalğan edikjüzüşalğanekwe had been able to race | sizjüzüşalğan edigizjüzüşalğanegizyou all had been able to race | alajüzüşalğan edilejüzüşalğanellethey had been able to race |
| Ability — past perfect | menjüzüşalmağan edimjüzüşalmağanemI hadn't been able to race | senjüzüşalmağan ediŋjüzüşalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to race | oljüzüşalmağan edijüzüşalmağanedhe hadn't been able to race | bizjüzüşalmağan edikjüzüşalmağanekwe hadn't been able to race | sizjüzüşalmağan edigizjüzüşalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to race | alajüzüşalmağan edilejüzüşalmağanellethey hadn't been able to race |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjüzüşala edimjüzüşalaemI could race | senjüzüşala ediŋjüzüşalaeŋyou could race | oljüzüşala edijüzüşalaedhe could race | bizjüzüşala edikjüzüşalaekwe could race | sizjüzüşala edigizjüzüşalaegizyou all could race | alajüzüşala edilejüzüşalaellethey could race |
| Ability — past background | menjüzüşalmay edimjüzüşalmayemI could not race | senjüzüşalmay ediŋjüzüşalmayeŋyou could not race | oljüzüşalmay edijüzüşalmayedhe could not race | bizjüzüşalmay edikjüzüşalmayekwe could not race | sizjüzüşalmay edigizjüzüşalmayegizyou all could not race | alajüzüşalmay edilejüzüşalmayellethey could not race |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjüzüşalırmaI will be able to race | senjüzüşalırsayou will be able to race | oljüzüşalırhe will be able to race | bizjüzüşalırbızwe will be able to race | sizjüzüşalırsızyou all will be able to race | alajüzüşalırlathey will be able to race |
| Ability — future I | menjüzüşalmazmaI won't be able to race | senjüzüşalmazsayou won't be able to race | oljüzüşalmazhe won't be able to race | bizjüzüşalmazbızwe won't be able to race | sizjüzüşalmazsızyou all won't be able to race | alajüzüşalmazlathey won't be able to race |
| Ability — future I | menjüzüşalırmamı? jüzüşalırmıma?will I be able to race? | senjüzüşalırmısa?will you be able to race? | oljüzüşalırmı?will he be able to race? | bizjüzüşalırbızmı? jüzüşalırmıbız?will we be able to race? | sizjüzüşalırmısız?will you all be able to race? | alajüzüşalırlamı? jüzüşalırmıla?will they be able to race? |
| Ability — future I | menjüzüşalmazmamı? jüzüşalmazmıma?won't I be able to race? | senjüzüşalmazmısa?won't you be able to race? | oljüzüşalmazmı?won't he be able to race? | bizjüzüşalmazbızmı? jüzüşalmazmıbız?won't we be able to race? | sizjüzüşalmazmısız?won't you all be able to race? | alajüzüşalmazlamı? jüzüşalmazmıla?won't they be able to race? |
| Ability — future II | menjüzüşallıqmaI am going to be able to race | senjüzüşallıqsayou are going to be able to race | oljüzüşallıqdıhe is going to be able to race | bizjüzüşallıqbızwe are going to be able to race | sizjüzüşallıqsızyou all are going to be able to race | alajüzüşallıqdılathey are going to be able to race |
| Ability — future II | menjüzüşallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to race | senjüzüşallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to race | oljüzüşallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to race | bizjüzüşallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to race | sizjüzüşallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to race | alajüzüşallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to race |
| Ability — future II | menjüzüşallıqmamı? jüzüşallıqmıma?am I going to be able to race? | senjüzüşallıqmısa?are you going to be able to race? | oljüzüşallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to race? | bizjüzüşallıqbızmı? jüzüşallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to race? | sizjüzüşallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to race? | alajüzüşallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to race? |
| Ability — future II | menjüzüşallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to race? | senjüzüşallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to race? | oljüzüşallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to race? | bizjüzüşallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to race? | sizjüzüşallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to race? | alajüzüşallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to race? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjüzüşalır edimjüzüşalır emI would be able to race | senjüzüşalır ediŋjüzüşalır eŋyou would be able to race | oljüzüşalır edijüzüşalır edhe would be able to race | bizjüzüşalır edikjüzüşalır ekwe would be able to race | sizjüzüşalır edigizjüzüşalır egizyou all would be able to race | alajüzüşalır edilejüzüşalır ellethey would be able to race |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjüzüşalmaz edimjüzüşalmaz emI wouldn't be able to race | senjüzüşalmaz ediŋjüzüşalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to race | oljüzüşalmaz edijüzüşalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to race | bizjüzüşalmaz edikjüzüşalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to race | sizjüzüşalmaz edigizjüzüşalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to race | alajüzüşalmaz edilejüzüşalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to race |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjüzüşalğınjüzüşalğımay you be able to race | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjüzüşalmağınjüzüşalmağımay you not be able to race | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjüzüşürge izleymeI want to race | senjüzüşürge izleyseyou want to race | oljüzüşürge izleydihe wants to race | bizjüzüşürge izleybizwe want to race | sizjüzüşürge izleysizyou all want to race | alajüzüşürge izleydilethey want to race |
| want to | menjüzüşürge izlemeymeI do not want to race | senjüzüşürge izlemeyseyou do not want to race | oljüzüşürge izlemeydihe does not want to race | bizjüzüşürge izlemeybizwe do not want to race | sizjüzüşürge izlemeysizyou all do not want to race | alajüzüşürge izlemeydilethey do not want to race |
| would like to | menjüzüşürge süemeI would like to race | senjüzüşürge süeseyou would like to race | oljüzüşürge süedihe would like to race | bizjüzüşürge süebizwe would like to race | sizjüzüşürge süesizyou all would like to race | alajüzüşürge süedilethey would like to race |
| would like to | menjüzüşürge süymeymeI would not like to race | senjüzüşürge süymeyseyou would not like to race | oljüzüşürge süymeydihe would not like to race | bizjüzüşürge süymeybizwe would not like to race | sizjüzüşürge süymeysizyou all would not like to race | alajüzüşürge süymeydilethey would not like to race |
| hope to | menjüzüşürge umutlanamaI hope to race | senjüzüşürge umutlanasayou hope to race | oljüzüşürge umutlanadıhe hopes to race | bizjüzüşürge umutlanabızwe hope to race | sizjüzüşürge umutlanasızyou all hope to race | alajüzüşürge umutlanadılathey hope to race |
| hope to | menjüzüşürge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to race | senjüzüşürge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to race | oljüzüşürge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to race | bizjüzüşürge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to race | sizjüzüşürge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to race | alajüzüşürge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to race |
| be about to | menjüzüşürge deb turamaI am about to race | senjüzüşürge deb turasayou are about to race | oljüzüşürge deb turadıhe is about to race | bizjüzüşürge deb turabızwe are about to race | sizjüzüşürge deb turasızyou all are about to race | alajüzüşürge deb turadılathey are about to race |
| be about to | menjüzüşürge deb turmaymaI am not about to race | senjüzüşürge deb turmaysayou are not about to race | oljüzüşürge deb turmaydıhe is not about to race | bizjüzüşürge deb turmaybızwe are not about to race | sizjüzüşürge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to race | alajüzüşürge deb turmaydılathey are not about to race |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjüzüşürge kerekmeI need to race | senjüzüşürge kerekseyou need to race | oljüzüşürge kerekdihe needs to race | bizjüzüşürge kerekbizwe need to race | sizjüzüşürge kereksizyou all need to race | alajüzüşürge kerekdilethey need to race |
| need to | menjüzüşürge kerek tülmeI do not need to race | senjüzüşürge kerek tülseyou do not need to race | oljüzüşürge kerek tüldühe does not need to race | bizjüzüşürge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to race | sizjüzüşürge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to race | alajüzüşürge kerek tüldülethey do not need to race |
| have to | menmenŋe jüzüşürge tüşediI have to race | sensenŋe jüzüşürge tüşediyou have to race | olaŋa jüzüşürge tüşedihe has to race | bizbizge jüzüşürge tüşediwe have to race | sizsizge jüzüşürge tüşediyou all have to race | alaalağa jüzüşürge tüşedithey have to race |
| have to | menmenŋe jüzüşürge tüşmeydiI do not have to race | sensenŋe jüzüşürge tüşmeydiyou do not have to race | olaŋa jüzüşürge tüşmeydihe does not have to race | bizbizge jüzüşürge tüşmeydiwe do not have to race | sizsizge jüzüşürge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to race | alaalağa jüzüşürge tüşmeydithey do not have to race |
| be obliged to | menjüzüşürge borçlumaI am obliged to race | senjüzüşürge borçlusayou are obliged to race | oljüzüşürge borçluduhe is obliged to race | bizjüzüşürge borçlubuzwe are obliged to race | sizjüzüşürge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to race | alajüzüşürge borçludulathey are obliged to race |
| be obliged to | menjüzüşürge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to race | senjüzüşürge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to race | oljüzüşürge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to race | bizjüzüşürge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to race | sizjüzüşürge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to race | alajüzüşürge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to race |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjüzüşürge madarım bardıI have a way to race | senjüzüşürge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to race | oljüzüşürge madarı bardıhe has a way to race | bizjüzüşürge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to race | sizjüzüşürge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to race | alajüzüşürge madarları bardıthey have a way to race |
| have a way to | menjüzüşürge madarım joqduI have no way to race | senjüzüşürge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to race | oljüzüşürge madarı joqduhe has no way to race | bizjüzüşürge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to race | sizjüzüşürge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to race | alajüzüşürge madarları joqduthey have no way to race |
| be free to | menjüzüşürge erkinligim bardıI am free to race | senjüzüşürge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to race | oljüzüşürge erkinligi bardıhe is free to race | bizjüzüşürge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to race | sizjüzüşürge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to race | alajüzüşürge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to race |
| be free to | menjüzüşürge erkinligim joqduI am not free to race | senjüzüşürge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to race | oljüzüşürge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to race | bizjüzüşürge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to race | sizjüzüşürge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to race | alajüzüşürge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to race |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jüzüşürge bolluqduit is possible for me to race | sensenŋe jüzüşürge bolluqduit is possible for you to race | olaŋa jüzüşürge bolluqduit is possible for him to race | bizbizge jüzüşürge bolluqduit is possible for us to race | sizsizge jüzüşürge bolluqduit is possible for you all to race | alaalağa jüzüşürge bolluqduit is possible for them to race |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jüzüşürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to race | sensenŋe jüzüşürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to race | olaŋa jüzüşürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to race | bizbizge jüzüşürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to race | sizsizge jüzüşürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to race | alaalağa jüzüşürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to race |
| be ready to | menjüzüşürge hazırmaI am ready to race | senjüzüşürge hazırsayou are ready to race | oljüzüşürge hazırdıhe is ready to race | bizjüzüşürge hazırbızwe are ready to race | sizjüzüşürge hazırsızyou all are ready to race | alajüzüşürge hazırdılathey are ready to race |
| be ready to | menjüzüşürge hazır tülmeI am not ready to race | senjüzüşürge hazır tülseyou are not ready to race | oljüzüşürge hazır tüldühe is not ready to race | bizjüzüşürge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to race | sizjüzüşürge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to race | alajüzüşürge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to race |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjüzüşürge küreşemeI am trying to race | senjüzüşürge küreşeseyou are trying to race | oljüzüşürge küreşedihe is trying to race | bizjüzüşürge küreşebizwe are trying to race | sizjüzüşürge küreşesizyou all are trying to race | alajüzüşürge küreşedilethey are trying to race |
| try to | menjüzüşürge küreşmeymeI am not trying to race | senjüzüşürge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to race | oljüzüşürge küreşmeydihe is not trying to race | bizjüzüşürge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to race | sizjüzüşürge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to race | alajüzüşürge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to race |
| agree to | menjüzüşürge unaymaI agree to race | senjüzüşürge unaysayou agree to race | oljüzüşürge unaydıhe agrees to race | bizjüzüşürge unaybızwe agree to race | sizjüzüşürge unaysızyou all agree to race | alajüzüşürge unaydılathey agree to race |
| agree to | menjüzüşürge unamaymaI refuse to race | senjüzüşürge unamaysayou refuse to race | oljüzüşürge unamaydıhe refuses to race | bizjüzüşürge unamaybızwe refuse to race | sizjüzüşürge unamaysızyou all refuse to race | alajüzüşürge unamaydılathey refuse to race |
| hurry to | menjüzüşürge aşığamaI am in a hurry to race | senjüzüşürge aşığasayou are in a hurry to race | oljüzüşürge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to race | bizjüzüşürge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to race | sizjüzüşürge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to race | alajüzüşürge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to race |
| hurry to | menjüzüşürge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to race | senjüzüşürge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to race | oljüzüşürge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to race | bizjüzüşürge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to race | sizjüzüşürge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to race | alajüzüşürge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to race |
| be afraid to | menjüzüşürge qorqamaI am afraid to race | senjüzüşürge qorqasayou are afraid to race | oljüzüşürge qorqadıhe is afraid to race | bizjüzüşürge qorqabızwe are afraid to race | sizjüzüşürge qorqasızyou all are afraid to race | alajüzüşürge qorqadılathey are afraid to race |
| be afraid to | menjüzüşürge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to race | senjüzüşürge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to race | oljüzüşürge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to race | bizjüzüşürge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to race | sizjüzüşürge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to race | alajüzüşürge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to race |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjüzüşe bolmazmaI can't be racing | senjüzüşe bolmazsayou can't be racing | oljüzüşe bolmazhe can't be racing | bizjüzüşe bolmazbızwe can't be racing | sizjüzüşe bolmazsızyou all can't be racing | alajüzüşe bolmazlathey can't be racing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjüzüşmey bolmazmaI must be racing (emphatic) | senjüzüşmey bolmazsayou must be racing (emphatic) | oljüzüşmey bolmazhe must be racing (emphatic) | bizjüzüşmey bolmazbızwe must be racing (emphatic) | sizjüzüşmey bolmazsızyou all must be racing (emphatic) | alajüzüşmey bolmazlathey must be racing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjüzüşe turmasamif I don't keep racing | senjüzüşe turmasaŋif you don't keep racing | oljüzüşe turmasaif he doesn't keep racing | bizjüzüşe turmasaqif we don't keep racing | sizjüzüşe turmasağızif you all don't keep racing | alajüzüşe turmasalaif they don't keep racing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjüzüşe tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of racing | senjüzüşe tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of racing | oljüzüşe tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of racing | bizjüzüşe tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of racing | sizjüzüşe tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of racing | alajüzüşe tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of racing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjüzüşmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not racing (emphatic) | senjüzüşmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not racing (emphatic) | oljüzüşmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not racing (emphatic) | bizjüzüşmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not racing (emphatic) | sizjüzüşmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not racing (emphatic) | alajüzüşmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not racing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjüzüşmey turamaI keep on not racing | senjüzüşmey turasayou keep on not racing | oljüzüşmey turadıhe keeps on not racing | bizjüzüşmey turabızwe keep on not racing | sizjüzüşmey turasızyou all keep on not racing | alajüzüşmey turadılathey keep on not racing |
| Progressive — double negation | menjüzüşmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not racing | senjüzüşmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not racing | oljüzüşmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not racing | bizjüzüşmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not racing | sizjüzüşmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not racing | alajüzüşmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not racing |
| Progressive — double negation | menjüzüşmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not racing? | senjüzüşmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not racing? | oljüzüşmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not racing? | bizjüzüşmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not racing? | sizjüzüşmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not racing? | alajüzüşmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not racing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjüzüşgen bolmazmaI can't have raced | senjüzüşgen bolmazsayou can't have raced | oljüzüşgen bolmazhe can't have raced | bizjüzüşgen bolmazbızwe can't have raced | sizjüzüşgen bolmazsızyou all can't have raced | alajüzüşgen bolmazlathey can't have raced |
| Inference — double negation | menjüzüşmegen bolmazmaI must have raced (emphatic) | senjüzüşmegen bolmazsayou must have raced (emphatic) | oljüzüşmegen bolmazhe must have raced (emphatic) | bizjüzüşmegen bolmazbızwe must have raced (emphatic) | sizjüzüşmegen bolmazsızyou all must have raced (emphatic) | alajüzüşmegen bolmazlathey must have raced (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjüzüşgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had raced | senjüzüşgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had raced | oljüzüşgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had raced | bizjüzüşgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had raced | sizjüzüşgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had raced | alajüzüşgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had raced |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjüzüşmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't raced | senjüzüşmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't raced | oljüzüşmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't raced | bizjüzüşmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't raced | sizjüzüşmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't raced | alajüzüşmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't raced |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjüzüşürük bolmazmaI can't be going to race | senjüzüşürük bolmazsayou can't be going to race | oljüzüşürük bolmazhe can't be going to race | bizjüzüşürük bolmazbızwe can't be going to race | sizjüzüşürük bolmazsızyou all can't be going to race | alajüzüşürük bolmazlathey can't be going to race |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjüzüşmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to race (emphatic) | senjüzüşmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to race (emphatic) | oljüzüşmezlik bolmazhe must be going to race (emphatic) | bizjüzüşmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to race (emphatic) | sizjüzüşmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to race (emphatic) | alajüzüşmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to race (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjüzüşürük bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to race | senjüzüşürük bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to race | oljüzüşürük bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to race | bizjüzüşürük bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to race | sizjüzüşürük bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to race | alajüzüşürük bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to race |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjüzüşmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to race | senjüzüşmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to race | oljüzüşmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to race | bizjüzüşmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to race | sizjüzüşmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to race | alajüzüşmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to race |